Step-down circuit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of voltage reduction, in particular to a voltage reduction circuit which comprises a first-stage voltage reduction module, a second-stage voltage reduction module and a third-stage voltage reduction module which are connected in sequence. The first-stage pressure reduction module comprises an input end, and the input end is connected with a filtering module; wherein an output switch interface is arranged in the first-stage voltage reduction module. The system has the beneficial effects that in the aspect of power supply, the system supports two modes of internal power supply and external power supply. A 24W series voltage reduction module produced by a high-energy cube is adopted for internal power supply, and 12V and 2A direct current can be obtained after a null line and a live line are connected. And the external power supply is powered by a 12V battery. The two power supply modes are 12V power supply, so that compatible power supply can be realized. Meanwhile, two voltage reduction modules are arranged in the system, and the voltage is reduced from 12V to 5V and from 5V to 3.3 V respectively, so that the power supply requirements of different assemblies are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of voltage reduction, in particular to a voltage reduction circuit. Background Art

[0002] At present, the hydraulic mechanism pressure signal of the substation circuit breaker is generally connected through the contact of the main circuit contactor of the pressure motor, which drives the auxiliary contact to be connected through the potential signal to transmit the pressure signal to the measurement and control device, and then the measurement and control device transmits it to the telecontrol device and telecontrol system through the network for use by dispatchers or operators. At present, after the hydraulic mechanism pressure signal of the substation is transmitted to a remote location through the substation integrated automation system, the dispatchers or operators can view the start and stop time of the pressure, and manually analyze and judge the data.

[0003] However, this solution is powered by 220V normal voltage. If an emergency occurs, there is no battery that can be directly connected for emergency processing. For example, a one-to-one designed circuit cannot record data without a 220V voltage, and the back-end monitoring will lose data. The operating personnel in the rear cannot continue to make further judgments on the suppression signal. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems or problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a voltage step-down circuit, which aims to provide voltages under a plurality of different bands.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a buck circuit, which includes a primary buck module, a secondary buck module, and a tertiary buck module, wherein the primary buck module, the secondary buck module, and the tertiary buck module are connected in sequence;

[0007] The primary step-down module comprises an input end and the input end is connected to a filter module;

[0008] Wherein, an output switch interface is provided inside the first-stage step-down module.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the step-down circuit of the present invention, the input end adopts a fence-type terminal; the input end is externally connected to a fuse and a varistor R117, and forms a loop with the input end.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the step-down circuit of the present invention, wherein: the filter module includes an NTC resistor R163 connected in series with the fuse; a carbon film resistor U22 and a capacitor C87 connected in parallel with the NTC resistor R163; the input end is externally connected with a safety capacitor C88 and a capacitor C99, and a closed loop is formed;

[0011] The capacitor C88 and the capacitor C99 are connected in parallel.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the step-down circuit described in the present invention, the filtering module includes a common-mode filter connected to both ends of capacitor C87, the common-mode filter is connected to an isolated power supply module, the isolated power supply module is externally connected to electrolytic capacitor C90, electrolytic capacitor C91 and capacitor C92, and the electrolytic capacitor C90, electrolytic capacitor C91 and capacitor C92 are connected in parallel.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the step-down circuit of the present invention, an I-shaped inductor is connected between the electrolytic capacitor C90 and the electrolytic capacitor C91.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the voltage-step-down circuit of the present invention, two ends of the voltage output switch interface are respectively connected to the capacitor C92 and the output end of the first-stage voltage-step-down module.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the step-down circuit described in the present invention, wherein: the secondary step-down module includes an electrolytic capacitor C31 and a capacitor C29 connected to the output end of the primary step-down module, and the electrolytic capacitor C31 and the capacitor C29 are connected in parallel; the capacitor C29 is connected to a step-down chip, and a resistor R14 is connected between one end of the capacitor C29 and the step-down chip, and the step-down chip is connected to a capacitor C23, an inductor L6, an electrolytic capacitor C30, a capacitor C25 and a Schottky diode D22 to form a closed loop, and the electrolytic capacitor C30 and the capacitor C25 are connected in parallel.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the step-down circuit of the present invention, the capacitor C25 is connected to the output end of the secondary step-down module, and the output end of the step-down module is connected in series with a resistor R42 and connected back to the step-down chip;

[0017] The resistor R42 is connected in series with the resistor R15 and is grounded.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the step-down circuit of the present invention, the three-stage step-down module includes a voltage stabilizer connected to the output end of the two-stage step-down module, and the voltage stabilizer is externally connected to a capacitor C60 to form a loop.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the step-down circuit of the present invention, wherein: the voltage regulator is externally connected to a capacitor C59, the capacitor C59 is connected in parallel with a light emitting diode, and a resistor R57 is connected between the capacitor C59 and the diode;

[0020] One end of the capacitor C59 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the output end of the three-stage buck module.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention: In terms of power supply, the system of the present invention supports two modes: internal power supply and external power supply. The internal power supply adopts the 24W series step-down module produced by High Energy Cube, and 12V, 2A direct current can be obtained after connecting to the neutral and live wires. A 12V battery is used for external power supply. Both power supply modes are 12V powered, so compatible power supply can be achieved. At the same time, there are two step-down modules in the system, which respectively reduce 12V to 5V and 5V to 3.3V to meet the power supply requirements of different components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is the logic diagram of the step-down circuit.

[0024] Figure 2 This is the circuit diagram of the first-stage buck module of the buck circuit.

[0025] Figure 3 The circuit diagram of the secondary buck module of the buck circuit.

[0026] Figure 4 The circuit diagram of the three-stage buck module of the buck circuit.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a brief idea of ​​the monitoring end in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 A brief idea of ​​the monitoring device in the present invention

[0029] Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of the amplifier circuit in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is the current sensor interface circuit in the present invention.

[0031] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pins of the single-chip microcomputer chip No. 1 in the present invention.

[0032] Fig.10 This is the voice module interface circuit in the present invention.

[0033] Fig.11 This is the 4G module interface circuit in the present invention.

[0034] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the pins of the second single-chip microcomputer chip in the present invention.

[0035] Fig.13 It is a composition diagram of the high-speed crystal oscillator circuit in the present invention.

[0036] Fig.14 It is a composition diagram of the reset circuit in the present invention.

[0037] Fig.15 This is a pin connection diagram of the download interface in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0040] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Reference Figure 1 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, and provides a buck circuit, which includes a primary buck module, a secondary buck module, and a tertiary buck module, wherein the primary buck module, the secondary buck module, and the tertiary buck module are connected in sequence;

[0043] The first-stage step-down module includes an input terminal U43 and a filter module connected to the input terminal U43;

[0044] Among them, an output switch interface is provided inside the first-stage step-down module.

[0045] The primary step-down module, the secondary step-down module, and the tertiary step-down module are connected in sequence. Their main function is to step down the common voltage of 220V to different levels of voltage. In order to ensure voltage stability, a filter module is added to the primary step-down module. Its main function is to remove the common-mode electromagnetic interference on the signal line and suppress the electromagnetic interference emitted by the equipment to avoid affecting other electronic equipment in the same electromagnetic environment. At the same time, an output switch interface is added to the front end of the output port of the primary step-down module. The function of this output switch interface is that when there is no 220V external power supply, a conventional battery can be directly connected to the output switch interface. This can ensure that the 220V supply voltage is used under normal circumstances to avoid the risk of battery power failure, and in the absence of 220V voltage, the emergency equipment can be powered by an external battery to ensure emergency use.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 3 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention, and is different from the first embodiment in that: the input terminal U43 also includes a fence-type terminal; the input terminal U43 is externally connected to a fuse F3 and a varistor R117, and a loop is formed with the input terminal U43.

[0048] Among them, the input terminal U43 adopts a fence-type terminal; the fuse F3 is connected to the pin 3 of the output terminal U43, and the main function of the fuse F3 is overload protection. When the current in the circuit exceeds the set value, the fuse will melt, thereby cutting off the circuit and protecting the electrical equipment and circuit from damage; the other end of the fuse F3 is connected to the varistor R117, and the other end of the varistor R117 is connected back to the pin 2 of the input terminal U43. The resistor body material of the varistor R117 is a semiconductor, and zinc oxide Zn0 is usually used as the main material. The varistor uses its nonlinear characteristics. When an overvoltage appears between the two poles of the varistor, the voltage can be clamped to a relatively fixed voltage value, thereby realizing the protection of the subsequent circuit; the advantage of this design is that it is used to clamp the voltage when the circuit is subjected to overvoltage, absorbing excess current to protect sensitive devices. .

[0049] The filter module includes an NTC resistor R163 connected in series with the fuse F3; a carbon film resistor U22 and a capacitor C87 connected in parallel with the NTC resistor R163; an input terminal U43 is externally connected with a safety capacitor C88 and a capacitor C99, and a closed loop is formed;

[0050] Capacitor C88 and capacitor C99 are connected in parallel.

[0051] Among them, the varistor R117 and the carbon film resistor U22, and the NTC resistor R163 is connected between the varistor R117 and the carbon film resistor U22. Among them, the NTC resistor R163 is a thermistor, which is a negative temperature coefficient resistor whose resistance changes with the ambient temperature. Its main function is to ensure that when the circuit is working normally, the temperature of the NTC resistor R163 is low, the resistance is small, and the current is not blocked. When the circuit has an overcurrent, the temperature of the thermistor rises and the resistance increases sharply, thereby cutting off the current and playing a protective role. The two ends of the carbon film resistor U22 are connected to the two ends of the capacitor C87, and one end of the capacitor C87 is connected back to pin 2 of the input terminal U43; one end of the capacitor C87 is connected to one end of the capacitor C88, and the other end of the capacitor C88 is connected back to pin 3 of the input terminal U43; at the same time, pin 2 and pin 3 of the input terminal U43 are respectively connected to the two ends of the capacitor C89; capacitor C88 and capacitor C89 are selected as safety capacitors; their main function is to ensure that the safety capacitors can effectively reduce the interference of common-mode noise and differential-mode noise of the line and improve the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0052] The filtering module includes a common mode filter U23 connected to both ends of capacitor C87. The common mode filter U23 is connected to the isolation power module U20. The isolation power module U20 is externally connected to electrolytic capacitors C90, C91 and C92, and the electrolytic capacitors C90, C91 and C92 are connected in parallel.

[0053] Among them, the common-mode filter U23 filters out the common-mode electromagnetic interference on the signal line and suppresses the electromagnetic interference emitted by the device to avoid affecting other electronic equipment in the same electromagnetic environment; one end of the common-mode filter U23 is connected to the pin ACN of the isolation power module U20, and the other end is connected to the pin ACL of the isolation power module U20; the pin VO+ of the isolation power module U20 is connected to one end of the electrolytic capacitor C90, and the other end of the electrolytic capacitor C90 is connected back to the pin GND of the isolation power module U20; the electrolytic capacitor C91 is connected in parallel to the other end of the electrolytic capacitor C90 away from the isolation power module U20; the advantage of this design is that the ripple and noise in the power supply are filtered out.

[0054] An I-shaped inductor U24 is connected between the electrolytic capacitors C90 and C91.

[0055] The I-shaped inductor U24 can be used in the filter of the circuit to block the high-frequency signal through the winding, thereby filtering out the high-frequency noise and pulse interference in the circuit, making the circuit signal purer and more stable.

[0056] The two ends of the voltage output switch interface are respectively connected to the capacitor C92 and the output end of the first-stage buck module.

[0057] Among them, capacitor C92 is connected in parallel with electrolytic capacitor C91, one end is connected to pin 1 of the voltage output switch interface, and the other end is grounded; at the same time, pin 2 of the voltage output switch interface is connected to the output end of the first-stage step-down module. The advantage of this design is that it can realize the opening and closing of the first-stage step-down circuit, and when there is no 220V voltage, the battery can be directly introduced.

[0058] The secondary step-down module includes an electrolytic capacitor C31 and a capacitor C29 connected to the output end of the primary step-down module, and the electrolytic capacitor C31 and the capacitor C29 are connected in parallel; the capacitor C29 is connected to the step-down chip U7, and a resistor R14 is connected between one end of the capacitor C29 and the step-down chip U7, and the step-down chip U7 is connected to the capacitor C23, the inductor L6, the electrolytic capacitor C30, the capacitor C25 and the Schottky diode D22 to form a closed loop, and the electrolytic capacitor C30 and the capacitor C25 are connected in parallel.

[0059] Capacitor C25 is connected to the output end of the secondary buck module, and the output end of the buck module is connected in series with resistor R42 and connected back to the buck chip U7;

[0060] Resistor R42 is connected in series with resistor R15 and is grounded.

[0061] Among them, the function of electrolytic capacitor C31 and capacitor C29 is to filter out noise; the pin BOOT of the buck chip U7 is connected to capacitor C23, and capacitor C23 is connected in series with inductor L6 and electrolytic capacitor C30, and is connected back to pin GND, pin EP, pin SW, and pin SS of the buck chip U7, wherein a Schottky diode D4 is connected in series in the path connected to pin SW for freewheeling, and a capacitor 26 is connected in series in the path connected to pin SS; the branch between capacitor C23 and inductor L6 is connected to pin SW of the buck chip U7; electrolytic capacitor C30 is connected in parallel with capacitor 25, wherein one end of capacitor 25 is connected to the output end of the secondary buck module, and the other end is grounded; the output end is connected and resistor R42 is connected at the same time, and the other end of resistor R42 is connected back to pin FB of the buck chip U7 and grounded at the same time, and a resistor R15 is connected in series in the grounding path; it is used to divide the output voltage and input it to the feedback pin of the buck chip.

[0062] At the same time, the pin EN of the buck chip U7 is connected to the resistor R62, and the other end of the resistor R62 is connected back to the pin VIN of the buck chip U7. At the same time, the pin VIN of the buck chip U7 is connected to one end of the capacitor C29; the pin EN of the buck chip U7 is connected to the resistor R63, and the other end of the resistor R63 is grounded, and is connected to the N-channel MOS tube Q2, and the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is connected to the resistor R45 and the resistor R46, and the other end of the resistor R45 is grounded; and the resistor R45 and the resistor R46 are connected in series, the resistor R46 and the N-channel MOS tube Q2 are connected in parallel, and the resistor R45 is connected to the external test end, which is mainly used for testing.

[0063] The three-stage buck module includes a voltage regulator U4 connected to the output end of the two-stage buck module. The voltage regulator U4 is externally connected to a capacitor C60 to form a loop.

[0064] Among them, the pin VIN of the voltage regulator U4 is connected to the output end of the secondary buck module; the two ends of the capacitor C60 are respectively connected to the pin GND and the pin CE of the voltage regulator U4; and the pin GND of the voltage regulator U4 is grounded.

[0065] The voltage regulator U4 is externally connected to a capacitor C59, the capacitor C59 is connected in parallel to a light emitting diode LED2, and a resistor R57 is connected between the capacitor C59 and the diode LED2;

[0066] One end of the capacitor C59 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the output end of the three-stage buck module.

[0067] Among them, the pin VOUT of the voltage regulator U4 is connected to the resistor R57, the resistor R57 is connected in series with the diode LED2 to be grounded, and at the same time, one end of the capacitor C59 is grounded and the other end is connected to the output end of the three-stage buck module, and the diode LED2 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C59; the advantage of this design is that it is used to reduce the current flowing into LED10 while displaying whether the 3.3V voltage exists.

[0068] In terms of power supply, the system supports both internal and external power supply modes. The internal power supply uses the 24W series step-down module produced by High Energy Cube, which can obtain 12V, 2A DC power after connecting to the zero and live wires. The external power supply uses a 12V battery. Both power supply modes are 12V, so compatible power supply can be achieved. At the same time, there are two step-down modules in the system, which reduce 12V to 5V and 5V to 3.3V respectively to meet the power supply needs of different components.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] Reference Figures 4 to 15 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention, the application of multi-level voltage; this embodiment provides a monitoring device, including a vibration unit 100, the vibration unit 100 is used to generate a voltage signal and transmit the voltage signal to a processing module 200;

[0071] The processing module 200 includes an amplifier circuit 300 for amplifying a voltage signal and a first single-chip microcomputer 400 connected to the amplifier circuit.

[0072] Among them, the vibration unit 100 is used to collect and convert the pressure signal of the hydraulic mechanism of the pressure motor substation circuit breaker into a voltage signal. Vibration sensors, piezoelectric sheets, etc. can be used. This scheme uses piezoelectric sheets, and the voltage sheet is a vibrator composed of two piezoelectric ceramics or a piezoelectric ceramic and a metal sheet; when voltage is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic, it will produce mechanical deformation as the voltage and frequency change. Conversely, when the piezoelectric ceramic is vibrated, an electric charge will be generated. Using this unique physical effect, when ultrasonic vibration is applied to the element, an electrical signal will also be generated, and then the electrical signal will be transmitted to the amplifier circuit 300 in the processing module 200; because the voltage signal generated by the piezoelectric sheet induction vibration is very weak, it is necessary to amplify this signal, and then use the ADC peripherals of the first single-chip microcomputer 400 to perform accurate voltage detection, and then use the single-chip microcomputer 400 to store the data; here, the first single-chip microcomputer 400 uses a single-chip microcomputer model STM32F103C8T6.

[0073] In summary, when the vibration unit 100 is vibrated, the vibration is converted into a voltage signal through the voltage chip and transmitted to the amplifier circuit in the processing module 200. The amplifier circuit amplifies the voltage signal and transmits it to the first single-chip microcomputer 400. The single-chip microcomputer records the voltage value generated by the operation of the voltage chip, thereby recording the number of times the motor is pressed and the voltage value each time; subsequently, the written voltage value can be judged whether it is qualified based on manual experience.

[0074] The amplifier circuit 300 includes an amplifier U1, wherein the inverting input terminal of the amplifier U1 is connected to a first resistor R1, and the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier U1 is connected to a second resistor R2;

[0075] The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected to the signal input terminal P1;

[0076] The amplifier U1 is connected to a diode D1, the other end of the diode D1 is connected to a resistor No. 3 R3 and a resistor No. 4 R4, and the other end of the resistor No. 4 R4 is connected to the reverse input end of the amplifier U1, the other end of the resistor No. 3 R3 is connected to a capacitor No. 1 C1, and the other end of the capacitor No. 1 C1 is grounded;

[0077] A fifth resistor R5 is connected between the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier U1 and the second resistor R2, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded.

[0078] Among them, a resistor No. 1 R1 and a resistor No. 2 R2 are connected between the amplifier U1 and the signal input terminal P1, and the resistor No. 1 R1 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the amplifier U1, and the resistor No. 2 R2 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier U1; at the same time, the positive terminal of the amplifier U1 is connected to a 3.3V voltage, the negative terminal is grounded, and the output terminal is connected to a diode D1; the end of the diode D1 away from the output terminal of the amplifier U1 is connected to the pin ZDADC1 of the first microcontroller 400, so as to transmit the voltage signal to the first microcontroller 400. It is mainly used to solve the problem that the piezoelectric film generates a small voltage, which leads to the subsequent inability to identify.

[0079] Pin PA0 of the No. 1 single chip computer 400 is connected to the current sensor interface U11 and the No. 2 capacitor C2, and the other end of the No. 2 capacitor C2 is grounded; the current sensor interface U11 is externally connected to a current sensor.

[0080] Among them, the circuit sensor interface U11 can be connected to the circuit sensor open-loop Hall current sensor; pin 3 of the circuit sensor interface U11 is connected to pin PA0 of the first microcontroller 400, and capacitor No. 2 C2 is connected between pin 3 of the circuit sensor interface U11 and pin PA0 of the first microcontroller 400. At the same time, the other end of capacitor No. 2 C2 is grounded, which can help stabilize the output voltage and reduce output fluctuations caused by current changes, which is very helpful for improving the stability and accuracy of measurement data.

[0081] The first single chip computer 400 is externally connected to a voice module 500, and the voice module 500 includes a voice module interface U38, and the pins SPK1 and SPK2 of the voice module interface U38 are connected to the speaker interface CN1.

[0082] Among them, the voice module interface U38 pin SPK1 and pin SPK2 in the voice module 500 are connected to the speaker interface CN1. This interface can be used to connect the speaker to realize the alarm function. At the same time, the pin 5 of the voice module interface U38 is externally connected to the No. 108 resistor, and the other end of the No. 108 resistor is connected to an LED light, which is grounded to show whether the voice module 500 can operate normally; the pin TX, pin RX, and pin BUSY of the voice module interface U38 are respectively connected to the pin PA10, pin PA9, and pin PA8 of the No. 1 single-chip computer 400; in order to realize the alarm function, the voice module 500 supports dual decoding of MP3 and WAV formats, and has built-in SPI-FLASH as a storage medium. Users can connect the module to the computer via a data cable and freely change the audio content in FLASH. In addition, the module also has a built-in 3W power amplifier that can drive a 3W speaker, and the baud rate is optional, which is more convenient and flexible to use.

[0083] The voice module interface U38 is externally connected to a 5V voltage, and the access end is externally connected to a voltage regulator diode D6.

[0084] Pin VCC of the voice module interface U38 is connected to the voltage-stabilizing diode D6, and the other end is connected to a 5V voltage to prevent the voltage from being too low and the module from burning out.

[0085] The No. 1 single chip computer 400 is externally connected to a 4G module.

[0086] Among them, the 4G module includes a 4G module interface U37, and the 4G module interface U37 adopts an AIR780E module; the pins DTR, TXD, and RXD of the 4G module interface U37 are respectively connected to the pins PB11, PA2, and PA3 of the No. 1 single-chip computer 400, and at the same time, the pin GND of the 4G module interface U37 is grounded, and the pin VIN is connected to a 5V voltage, so as to realize information exchange between the 4G module and the No. 1 single-chip computer 400.

[0087] The receiving end connected via the 4G module includes a second single chip microcomputer 600, and the second single chip microcomputer 600 is also connected to the voice module 500 and the 4G module.

[0088] The second single chip computer 600 is externally connected to a USB system.

[0089] Among them, the signal of the second single-chip computer 600 is STM32F407VET6, and in order to intuitively display the received detection data, the receiving end is equipped with a Taojingchi serial port screen. The screen is connected to the main control unit through a carefully designed interface circuit, and can display various detection data in real time. At the same time, the main control used by the receiving end is the STM32F407VET6 single-chip computer, and its circuit diagram has been optimized to ensure high performance and stability. The pin functions of this single-chip computer are rich and varied, including 4G module communication interface, U disk compatible interface, reset pin, program download and debugging pin, UART interface, and USB OTG interface. The support of these pins enables the receiving end to realize a variety of complex functions and interact efficiently with external devices; the 4G module communication interface U37 includes TX sending and RX receiving pins for data communication of the 4G module. The 4G module is used between the two single-chip computers to realize information interaction and ensure information intercommunication. In the receiving end, the voice module and the 4G module are the same as the monitoring end, and the power supply voltage is also consistent.

[0090] The first single-chip microcomputer 400 and the second single-chip microcomputer 600 are both externally connected with a high-speed crystal oscillator circuit.

[0091] The first single-chip microcomputer 400 and the second single-chip microcomputer 600 in the monitoring end and the receiving end are both externally connected with a high-speed crystal oscillator circuit, wherein the high-speed crystal oscillator circuit is composed of capacitors C8, C9 and crystal X2, wherein the two ends of crystal X2 are connected to capacitors C8 and C9, and the other ends of capacitors C8 and C9 are grounded. At the same time, the pins OSC_IN and OSC_OUT are connected to the pins PD0 and PD1 of the first single-chip microcomputer 400 and the pins PH0 and PH1 of the second single-chip microcomputer 600 to provide a clock signal.

[0092] It should be noted that both the single-chip microcomputer No. 1 400 and the single-chip microcomputer No. 2 600 are externally connected to a reset circuit, which consists of a capacitor C12, a resistor R90, and a switch SW4. One end of the capacitor C12 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the resistor R90. At the same time, it is connected to the pin NRST of the single-chip microcomputer No. 1 400 and the single-chip microcomputer No. 2 600 for debugging purposes.

[0093] Both the first single-chip microcomputer 400 and the second single-chip microcomputer 600 are externally connected to a download port H1, and pin 4, pin 2, and pin 1 of the download port H1 are respectively connected to pin PA13, pin PA14, and NRST of the first single-chip microcomputer 400.

[0094] In summary, it should be noted that, in order to facilitate the use of the equipment, this circuit adopts one of the above-mentioned step-down circuits, and the voltage supply circuit is used for voltage reduction. A conventional step-down circuit is used to reduce the 220V voltage to 12V, 5V, and 3.3V respectively, and then the filter circuit is connected to process the internal noise and other influencing factors, and then the corresponding interface is connected.

[0095] In summary, the suppressing motor causes the vibration unit 100 to vibrate, and the piezoelectric sheet collects the suppressing signal of the hydraulic mechanism of the suppressing motor substation circuit breaker and converts it into a voltage signal. Since the voltage signal is weak, the voltage signal is then amplified by the amplifier circuit 300 in the processing module 200, and then transmitted to the first single-chip computer 400. At this time, the signal generated by the suppressing motor in the working state is recorded. This signal can be marked as the "determination value" under the working state, that is, the signal within this signal range indicates that the suppressing motor is in normal working state; and this information is transmitted to the receiving end through the 4G module, and then the receiving end records the signal, displays it on the screen terminal, and writes it to the USB system, recording the data of each suppressing motor for subsequent manual inspection; if it exceeds this range, it means that the suppressing motor is abnormal. At this time, the signal is transmitted to the voice module 500 to realize an alarm, informing the operator that the suppressing motor is abnormal and handling it in time.

[0096] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a plurality of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other replacements, modifications, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to numerous modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0097] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0098] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure without undue experimentation.

[0099] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A step-down circuit, characterized in that: It includes a primary step-down module, a secondary step-down module, and a tertiary step-down module, wherein the primary step-down module, the secondary step-down module, and the tertiary step-down module are connected in sequence; The primary step-down module comprises an input end (U43) and the input end (U43) is connected to a filter module; Wherein, an output switch interface is provided inside the first-stage step-down module.

2. The step-down circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The input end (U43) adopts a fence-type terminal; the input end (U43) is externally connected to a fuse (F3) and a varistor R117, and forms a loop with the input end (U43).

3. The step-down circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The filter module includes an NTC resistor R163 connected in series with the fuse (F3); a carbon film resistor U22 and a capacitor C87 connected in parallel with the NTC resistor R163; the input end (U43) is externally connected with a safety capacitor C88 and a capacitor C99 to form a closed loop; The capacitor C88 and the capacitor C99 are connected in parallel.

4. The step-down circuit according to claim 3, wherein: The filtering module includes a common mode filter (U23) connected to both ends of a capacitor C87, the common mode filter (U23) is connected to an isolation power supply module (U20), the isolation power supply module (U20) is externally connected to an electrolytic capacitor C90, an electrolytic capacitor C91 and a capacitor C92, and the electrolytic capacitor C90, the electrolytic capacitor C91 and the capacitor C92 are connected in parallel.

5. The step-down circuit according to claim 4, wherein: An I-shaped inductor (U24) is connected between the electrolytic capacitors C90 and C91.

6. The step-down circuit according to claim 5, wherein: The two ends of the voltage output switch interface are respectively connected to the capacitor C92 and the output end of the first-stage buck module.

7. The step-down circuit according to claim 6, wherein: The secondary step-down module comprises an electrolytic capacitor C31 and a capacitor C29 connected to the output end of the primary step-down module, wherein the electrolytic capacitor C31 and the capacitor C29 are connected in parallel; the capacitor C29 is connected to a step-down chip (U7), a resistor R14 is connected between one end of the capacitor C29 and the step-down chip (U7), the step-down chip (U7) is connected to a capacitor C23, an inductor L6, an electrolytic capacitor C30, a capacitor C25 and a Schottky diode D22, forming a closed loop, and the electrolytic capacitor C30 and the capacitor C25 are connected in parallel.

8. The step-down circuit according to claim 7, wherein: The capacitor C25 is connected to the output end of the secondary buck module, and the output end of the buck module is connected in series with a resistor R42 and connected back to the buck chip (U7); The resistor R42 is connected in series with the resistor R15 and is grounded.

9. The step-down circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The three-stage buck module comprises a voltage stabilizer (U4) connected to the output end of the two-stage buck module. The voltage stabilizer (U4) is externally connected to a capacitor C60 to form a loop.

10. The step-down circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The voltage regulator (U4) is externally connected to a capacitor C59, the capacitor C59 is connected in parallel to a light emitting diode (LED2), and a resistor R57 is connected between the capacitor C59 and the diode (LED2); One end of the capacitor C59 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the output end of the three-stage buck module.

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