Double-sided cooling capsule target chamber and cyclotron

Abstract

The double-sided cooling capsule target chamber comprises a capsule target piece assembly, a bearing assembly, a target chamber head assembly and a target chamber tail assembly, and the capsule target piece assembly is circular; a groove part and a channel communicated with the groove part are formed in the bearing assembly, and a capsule target piece assembly is arranged in the groove part; a helium cooling channel and a water cooling channel are respectively arranged in the bearing component corresponding to the front surface and the back surface of the capsule target sheet component; the target chamber head assembly is fixed at one end of the bearing assembly, and the target chamber head assembly is provided with a leading-in part for leading an accelerator particle beam into the channel; the target chamber tail assembly is fixed to the other end of the bearing assembly. The double-face cooling effect of copper supporting face water cooling and aluminum supporting face gas cooling can be achieved on the capsule target piece assembly, and the use feasibility of target pieces made of different heat conduction performance materials is improved; the irradiation efficiency is improved, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and conveying and cooling are facilitated; and meanwhile, the treatment capacity of dissolution and separation of the irradiated target sheet can be reduced, and the post-treatment cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of target structures of accelerators, and in particular to a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber and a cyclotron accelerator. Background Art

[0002] As a device that uses charged particles to trigger nuclear reactions to produce radioactive nuclides, accelerators are the main source of nuclides for radiopharmaceuticals. Among them, the accelerator target room is the key location for nuclear reactions, and its structure and performance have a direct impact on the quality of radioactive nuclides.

[0003] The Cyclone-30 proton cyclotron is a commonly used accelerator type. The target piece originally used in its capsule target chamber is a long metal target with a width of 10mm and a length of 96mm. The target holder is made of copper. During irradiation, the angle between the beam incident direction and the target surface is 6°. After irradiation, the target chamber is driven by the pneumatic system to be transferred to the hot chamber for subsequent processing such as target dissolution and separation, and the target to be irradiated is driven by the pneumatic system from the hot chamber to the irradiation position.

[0004] However, in the actual use of Cycle One-30, there are problems with the long metal target. The beam irradiation area is usually concentrated in the middle of the target, and the two ends of the target are difficult to be covered by the beam. This not only leads to energy waste of accelerator beam irradiation, but also increases the difficulty and separation cost of target processing after irradiation. To solve this problem, a coin target design was later adopted, that is, a smaller target with a coin shape and size is used, and the target chamber is supported by a copper support assembly and an aluminum support assembly. This design can improve the irradiation efficiency of the accelerator and the quality of solid nuclides, and reduce the cost of producing radioactive nuclides.

[0005] Although the coin target has solved the problems of low irradiation efficiency and difficult separation of long metal targets to a certain extent, this design is not applicable to capsule targets with poor heat dissipation performance and high cooling requirements. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber and a cyclotron accelerator.

[0007] The invention discloses a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber, comprising:

[0008] A capsule target piece assembly, wherein the capsule target piece assembly is circular;

[0009] A bearing assembly, wherein a groove portion and a channel communicating with the groove portion are formed in the bearing assembly, wherein the capsule target piece assembly is installed in the groove portion; and a helium cooling channel and a water cooling channel are respectively arranged on the front and back sides of the bearing assembly corresponding to the capsule target piece assembly;

[0010] A target chamber head assembly, wherein the target chamber head assembly is fixed to one end of the bearing assembly and is provided with an introduction portion for introducing an accelerator particle beam into the channel;

[0011] A target chamber tail assembly is fixed to the other end of the bearing assembly.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the capsule target sheet assembly comprises a target window and a target sheet, and both the target window and the target sheet are circular structures;

[0013] The target piece is clamped in the two target windows, and the two target windows are each provided with a window corresponding to the position of the target piece; the accelerator particle beam transported by the channel directly acts on the target piece through the windows.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the capsule target sheet assembly comprises a target window and a target sheet, and both the target window and the target sheet are circular structures;

[0015] The opposite sides of the two target windows are concave to form an inner chamber for installing the target piece, and the target piece is installed in the inner chamber; the accelerator particle beam transported by the channel acts on the target piece after passing through the target window.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the diameter of the target piece is 29.4-30.6 mm, and the thickness of the target piece is 3.6-4.2 mm.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bearing assembly is composed of an aluminum bracket and a copper bracket that are buckled together;

[0018] The copper tray is provided with a first groove, and the capsule target sheet assembly is installed in the first groove; the aluminum tray is provided with a second groove matching the first groove, and the first groove and the second groove constitute the groove portion; the aluminum tray is provided with the channel at one end close to the target chamber head assembly, and a film is provided inside the channel at one end close to the target chamber head assembly; the introduction portion is connected with the groove portion through the channel;

[0019] The helium cooling channel is arranged in the aluminum tray, and the water cooling channel is arranged in the copper tray.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the helium cooling channel includes an air inlet, an air outlet, a helium inlet gas path and a helium outlet gas path;

[0021] The air inlet and the air outlet are arranged on the outer end surface of the aluminum tray, the air inlet is connected to the channel through the helium inlet air path, and the air outlet is connected to the second groove through the helium outlet air path.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the water cooling channel includes a water inlet joint, a water outlet joint, a water inlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline;

[0023] The water inlet joint and the water outlet joint are respectively arranged on both sides of the outer end surface of the copper support, the water inlet joint is connected to the first groove through the water inlet pipeline, and the water outlet joint is connected to the first groove through the water outlet pipeline.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present invention, the film comprises a Halva film, a titanium film, an aluminum film or a molybdenum film;

[0025] The thickness of the film is 10-50 μm, and the diameter of the film is 25-35 mm.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, the target chamber head assembly comprises a target chamber head, a first pressing sheet and a first pressing sheet felt, and the target chamber head is connected to the bearing assembly through the first pressing sheet and the first pressing sheet felt in sequence; the target chamber head, the first pressing sheet and the first pressing sheet felt are provided with through holes corresponding to the positions of the channels, and the through holes constitute the introduction part;

[0027] The target chamber tail assembly comprises a target chamber tail, a second pressing sheet and a second pressing sheet felt, and the target chamber tail is connected to the bearing assembly via the second pressing sheet and the second pressing sheet felt in sequence.

[0028] The invention also discloses a cyclotron accelerator, comprising the above-mentioned double-sided cooling capsule target chamber.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention provides a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber. By arranging a helium cooling channel and a water cooling channel in a bearing component of the capsule target chamber, a double-sided cooling effect of water cooling on the copper support surface and gas cooling on the aluminum support surface can be formed for the capsule target piece component, thereby increasing the feasibility of using target pieces made of materials with different thermal conductivity.

[0031] The present invention provides a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber, which is assembled and installed at two ends of a bearing assembly by a target chamber head assembly and a target chamber tail assembly to form a target chamber structure, and a groove portion for installing a capsule target piece assembly is provided in an inner groove of the bearing assembly. The capsule target piece assembly is a circular structure, and an accelerator beam can effectively cover the entire target piece area, thereby improving irradiation efficiency; the target piece area is small, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the target piece form is more diversified, and it is convenient to transport and cool; the post-processing amount of the target piece is reduced, the dissolution and separation processing amount of the target piece after irradiation can be reduced, the post-processing cost is reduced, and the generation amount of radioactive waste and chemical treatment waste is reduced.

[0032] The cyclotron accelerator of the present invention uses the double-sided cooling capsule target chamber, which can improve the irradiation efficiency of the accelerator, reduce the cost of target piece production and post-processing, and thus reduce the cost of producing radioactive nuclides by the accelerator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A structural side cross-sectional view of a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a capsule target piece assembly of a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a helium cooling channel of a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the water cooling channel of the double-sided cooling capsule target chamber disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a capsule target piece assembly of a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a side sectional view of the capsule target piece assembly structure of a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber disclosed in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure:

[0041] 1. Capsule target piece assembly; 11. Target window; 111. Window; 12. Target piece; 2. Carrying assembly; 21. Aluminum support; 211. Second groove; 212. Channel; 22. Copper support; 221. First groove; 3. Target chamber head assembly; 31. Target chamber head; 32. First pressing piece; 33. First pressing piece felt; 34. Through hole; 4. Target chamber tail assembly; 41. Target chamber tail; 42. Second pressing piece; 43. Second pressing piece felt; 51. Air inlet; 52. Air outlet; 53. Helium inlet air path; 54. Helium outlet air path; 61. Water inlet joint; 62. Water outlet joint; 63. Water inlet pipeline; 64. Water outlet pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0046] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber provided according to the present invention includes a capsule target piece assembly 1, a bearing assembly 2, a target chamber head assembly 3 and a target chamber tail assembly 4, wherein the capsule target piece assembly 1 is circular; a groove portion and a channel 212 connected to the groove portion are formed in the bearing assembly 2, and the capsule target piece assembly 1 is installed in the groove portion; a helium cooling channel and a water cooling channel are respectively arranged on the front and back sides of the bearing assembly 2 corresponding to the capsule target piece assembly 1; the target chamber head assembly 3 is fixed to one end of the bearing assembly 2, and an introduction portion for introducing the accelerator particle beam into the channel 212 is provided on the target chamber head assembly 3; the target chamber tail assembly 4 is fixed to the other end of the bearing assembly 2.

[0047] Specific:

[0048] like Figure 3As shown, the capsule target sheet assembly 1 includes a target window 11 and a target sheet 12, both of which are circular structures; the target sheet 12 is clamped in two target windows 11, and the two target windows 11 are provided with windows 111 at positions corresponding to the target sheet 12 so that the target sheet 12 is in direct contact with the accelerator particle beam. The accelerator particle beam transported by the channel 212 directly acts on the target sheet 12 through the window 111.

[0049] In the above embodiments, preferably, the target window 11 is made of a metal material, including niobium, aluminum or copper.

[0050] In the above embodiments, preferably, the target sheet 12 can be a thin layer, powder or liquid metal. The manufacturing method of the target sheet 12 includes pressing the powder or sealing and packaging the liquid metal. It can be that the target material is electroplated to form a coating on the surface of the target holder, or it can be a thin sheet formed by pressing a separate target material.

[0051] In the above embodiment, preferably, according to the requirements of producing different radioactive nuclides, the material of the target piece 12 can be natural gallium, enriched calcium [ 44 Ca], nickel enrichment [ 64 Ni] and natural yttrium and other metals are produced separately 68 Ge, 44 Sc, 64 Cu and 89 Zr.

[0052] In the above embodiments, preferably, the target sheet 12 can be in various forms such as an electroplated layer, a metal sheet, a capsule target sheet, etc.

[0053] In the above embodiment, preferably, the diameter of the target piece 12 is 29.4-30.6 mm, and the thickness of the target piece 12 is 3.6-4.2 mm. In actual production, target windows 11 adapted to target pieces 12 of different sizes can be designed and manufactured.

[0054] In the above embodiment, preferably, the inclination angle between the target piece 12 and the beam is 25°. The target piece 12 can be in solid or liquid state. The vapor pressure of the liquid metal is less affected by temperature changes, and the volume change of the liquid metal is also smaller when a nuclear reaction occurs.

[0055] like Figure 2As shown, in the above embodiment, preferably, the bearing assembly 2 is composed of an aluminum tray 21 and a copper tray 22 that are buckled together; wherein, the copper tray 22 is provided with a first groove 221, and the capsule target sheet assembly 1 is installed in the first groove 221; the aluminum tray 21 is provided with a second groove 211 that matches the first groove 221, and the first groove 221 and the second groove 211 constitute a groove portion; the aluminum tray 22 is provided with a channel 212 at one end close to the target chamber head assembly 3, and the introduction portion is connected to the groove portion through the channel 212; in this embodiment, a helium cooling channel is provided in the aluminum tray 21, and a water cooling channel is provided in the copper tray 22.

[0056] In the above embodiment, preferably, a thin film is provided inside the end of the channel 212 close to the target chamber head assembly 1, and the material of the thin film includes a Halva film, a titanium film, an aluminum film or a molybdenum film, and the thickness of the thin film is 10-50 μm, and the diameter of the thin film is 25-35 mm. In this embodiment, the thin film is preferably a titanium film.

[0057] In the above embodiment, preferably, the film is provided to form a vacuum cavity between the capsule target chamber and the helium cooling channel to isolate the vacuum outside the capsule target chamber and the accelerator pipeline.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, in the above embodiment, preferably, the helium cooling channel includes an air inlet 51, an air outlet 52, a helium air inlet path 53 and a helium air outlet path 54; the air inlet 51 and the air outlet 52 are arranged on the outer end surface of the aluminum tray 21, the air inlet 51 is connected to the channel through the helium air inlet path 53, and the air outlet 52 is connected to the second groove 211 through the helium air outlet path 54. In this embodiment, helium is input into the helium air inlet path 53 through the air inlet 51, and then the helium is transported to the titanium film of the channel 212 through the helium air inlet path 53, and then flows back into the second groove 211 after being reflected by the titanium film, so as to cool the front side of the target sheet 12 of the capsule target sheet assembly 1, and then the helium is transported to the air outlet 52 through the helium air outlet path 54 connected to the second groove 211, and discharged through the air outlet 52, so as to realize cooling and lowering the temperature of the front side of the capsule target sheet assembly 1.

[0059] like Figure 5As shown, in the above embodiment, preferably, the water cooling channel includes a water inlet joint 61, a water outlet joint 62, a water inlet pipeline 63 and a water outlet pipeline 64; wherein the water inlet joint 61 and the water outlet joint 62 are respectively arranged on both sides of the outer end surface of the copper support 22, the water inlet joint 61 is connected to the first groove 221 through the water inlet pipeline 63, and the water outlet joint 62 is connected to the first groove 221 through the water outlet pipeline 64. In this embodiment, cooling water is input into the water inlet pipeline 63 through the water inlet joint 61, and then the cooling water is transported to the first groove 221 through the water inlet pipeline 63 to cool the back side of the target sheet 12 of the capsule target sheet assembly 1, and then the cooling water is transported to the water outlet joint 62 through the water outlet pipeline 64 connected to the first groove 221, and discharged through the water outlet joint 62, so as to realize cooling and lowering the temperature of the back side of the capsule target sheet assembly 1.

[0060] In actual use, when irradiation starts, the water inlet connector 61 and the water outlet connector 62 are respectively connected to the water cooling system of the accelerator, and circulating cooling water is introduced into the cyclotron target chamber to cool the capsule target sheet assembly 1.

[0061] In the above embodiment, preferably, the target chamber head assembly 3 includes a target chamber head 31, a first pressing sheet 32 ​​and a first pressing sheet felt 33, wherein the target chamber head 31 is connected to the supporting assembly 1 through the first pressing sheet 32 ​​and the first pressing sheet felt 33 in sequence; the target chamber head 31, the first pressing sheet 32 ​​and the first pressing sheet felt 33 are provided with through holes 34 at positions corresponding to the channels 212, and the through holes 34 constitute an introduction portion; the target chamber tail assembly 4 includes a target chamber tail 41, a second pressing sheet 42 and a second pressing sheet felt 43, wherein the target chamber tail 41 is connected to the supporting assembly 1 through the second pressing sheet 42 and the second pressing sheet felt 43 in sequence.

[0062] In the above embodiment, preferably, the through hole 34 is a tapered hole at one end close to the target chamber head 31. The tapered hole is connected to the accelerator beam outlet to form a vacuum, and the vacuum state can avoid the loss of the beam to the greatest extent. The beam passes through the through hole 34 and the channel 212 to irradiate the capsule target sheet assembly 1.

[0063] In the above embodiment, preferably, the target chamber head assembly 3 is the accelerator particle beam introduction part, and the sealed target chamber head 31 promotes the transmission of the target chamber in the pipeline and protects the target system. The target chamber head 31 is made of impact-resistant and radiation-resistant material, preferably nylon. The first pressing sheet 32 ​​and the first pressing sheet felt 33 play the role of sealing the target chamber head 31. The first pressing sheet 32 ​​is made of a material with excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability, preferably polysulfone. The first pressing sheet felt 33 is made of a strong and non-deformable fabric, preferably wool felt.

[0064] In the above embodiment, preferably, the target chamber tail assembly 4 seals the target chamber tail 41 to promote the transmission of the target chamber in the pipeline, and at the same time buffers the impact force of the target chamber falling to the ground. The target chamber tail 41, the second pressing sheet 42, and the second pressing sheet felt 43 of the target chamber tail assembly 4 are made of the same materials as those of the above target chamber head assembly 3, and are not described in detail here.

[0065] In the above embodiment, preferably, the angle between the first groove 221 and the horizontal direction is in the range of 20° to 40°. Preferably, the angle between the first groove 221 and the horizontal direction is 25°, and the angle between the capsule target assembly 1 and the horizontal direction is also 25°, that is, the inclination angle with the beam is increased from 6° in the prior art to 25°.

[0066] In the above embodiment, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0067] 1) By providing a double-sided cooling capsule target chamber, by setting a helium cooling channel and a water cooling channel in the bearing assembly 2 of the capsule target chamber, a double-sided cooling effect of water cooling on the copper support 22 and gas cooling on the aluminum support 21 can be formed for the capsule target piece assembly 1, thereby increasing the feasibility of using target pieces made of materials with different thermal conductivity and expanding the range of target piece energy and beam current;

[0068] 2) The accelerator particle beam can effectively cover the entire target area, improving the irradiation efficiency. At the same time, the target area is greatly reduced. Under the premise of ensuring cooling efficiency, the beam can be more concentrated, and the target area can effectively receive the beam irradiation and produce nuclear reactions, thereby improving the irradiation efficiency;

[0069] 3) The solid target materials of accelerators used to produce radioactive nuclides are mostly expensive heavy metals. After reducing the area of ​​the target, the production cost can be greatly reduced. At the same time, due to the small area of ​​the target, the production of the target is more convenient, and it can be made into various forms such as electroplating coating, metal sheet, capsule-shaped capsule target, etc.

[0070] 4) After the target area is greatly reduced, the volume of the target is also greatly reduced. When the target is remotely and automatically controlled, operations such as the transfer of the target to the irradiation station, cooling with cooling water during irradiation, and the transfer out of the irradiation station after irradiation will be simpler and the accuracy of the operation will be improved;

[0071] 5) The amount of post-processing of the target pieces is reduced, which can reduce the amount of dissolution and separation of the target pieces after irradiation, reduce the cost of post-processing, and reduce the amount of radioactive waste and chemical treatment waste generated;

[0072] 6) The capsule target can be in various forms such as coating, metal sheet, metal / liquid capsule target, etc. At the same time, the target chamber is suitable for most solid targets of nuclides produced by accelerators, such as 89Zr, 68Ga nuclides, etc.; it is also suitable for nuclides produced by liquid metal targets, such as 68Ge nuclides, and has a wide range of applications.

[0073] 7) The double-sided cooling capsule target chamber can monitor the radioactivity changes in the pipeline during the irradiation process through the radioactivity counting at the helium pump to avoid safety accidents such as radioactive contamination. On the other hand, it can sample and detect the types of radioactive nuclides to judge the nuclear reactions generated by the target during the irradiation process, thereby playing a feedback role in the optimization of the accelerator nuclide target making and irradiation processes.

[0074] like Figure 6-7 As shown, the capsule target sheet assembly 1 disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention includes: a target window 11 and a target sheet 12; wherein the target window 11 and the target sheet 12 are both circular structures; the opposite sides of the two target windows 11 are concave to form an inner chamber for installing the target sheet 12, and the target sheet 12 is installed in the inner chamber, that is, the target sheet 12 is completely wrapped in the two target windows 11. In this embodiment, the material, size, and form of the target sheet 12 and the target window 11 are consistent with those of the first embodiment, and are not described in detail here. In this embodiment, the accelerator particle beam transported by the channel 212 acts on the target sheet 12 after passing through the target window 11.

[0075] A cyclotron provided according to the present invention comprises the above-mentioned double-sided cooling capsule target chamber.

[0076] In this embodiment, the use of the double-sided cooling capsule target chamber can improve the irradiation efficiency of the accelerator, reduce the cost of target production and post-processing, and thus reduce the cost of producing radioactive nuclides by the accelerator.

[0077] In this embodiment, preferably, the double-sided cooling capsule target chamber and cyclotron accelerator based on the above embodiment are manufactured and used as follows:

[0078] 1) Target production

[0079] The target material is made into a circular capsule target piece 12 by using various methods such as powder pressing, liquid encapsulation molding, electroplating and metal sheet cutting.

[0080] 2) Loading the target

[0081] The circular capsule target piece is fixed in the space formed by the two target windows 11 to form a capsule target piece assembly 1. The capsule target piece assembly 1 is fixed to the first groove 221 of the copper support 22 by screws, and the aluminum support 21 is covered thereon. The target chamber head 31 and the target chamber tail 41 are mechanically mounted to the head and tail of the bearing assembly 2 respectively by pressing sheets and pressing felt.

[0082] 3) Target room transmission steps

[0083] The cyclotron transmission system forms negative pressure to complete the transmission of the target chamber from the receiving station to the irradiation station. The irradiation station uses two cylinders to respectively complete the position fixing and sealing clamping functions of the target chamber tail assembly 4. The helium pump is connected to the aluminum support 21, and the helium is introduced into the target chamber to the titanium film at the head of the target chamber. After being reflected by the titanium film, the front of the capsule target piece assembly 1 is cooled; the water carrier of the cyclotron is connected to the water inlet joint 61 and the water outlet joint 62 of the copper support 22, and the circulating cooling water is introduced into the target chamber to cool the back of the capsule target piece assembly 1.

[0084] 4) Irradiation target room

[0085] The through hole 34 of the target chamber head assembly 3 is closely connected with the accelerator beam lead-out end to form a vacuum, and the vacuum state can minimize the loss of the beam. After passing the vacuum test and the water channel sealing test, the particle beam enters the target chamber and undergoes a nuclear reaction with the target piece.

[0086] 5) Unloading the target

[0087] After irradiation is completed, the cyclotron transfer system forms negative pressure to transfer the target chamber from the irradiation station to the receiving station. When the radioactivity decays to a safe operating state, the target chamber is opened, the target sheet is unloaded, and the post-processing steps are carried out.

[0088] Embodiment 1:

[0089] 1) Target production

[0090] 1-3 g of natural gallium is encapsulated into the target window 11 to assemble into a capsule target piece assembly 1 .

[0091] 2) Loading the target

[0092] The natural gallium capsule target assembly is fixed to the first groove 221 of the copper support 22 by screws, and the aluminum support 21 is covered thereon. The target chamber head 31 and the target chamber tail 41 are mechanically mounted to the head and tail of the bearing assembly 1 respectively by the first pressing sheet 32, the first pressing sheet felt 33 and the second pressing sheet 42, the second pressing sheet felt 43.

[0093] 3) Target room transmission steps

[0094] The cyclotron transmission system forms negative pressure to complete the transmission of the gallium target chamber from the receiving station to the irradiation station. The irradiation station uses two cylinders to respectively complete the position fixing and sealing clamping functions of the tail assembly of the gallium target chamber. The water carrier of the cyclotron is connected to the water inlet joint 61 and the water outlet joint 62 of the copper support 22, and the circulating cooling water is introduced into the gallium target chamber to cool the capsule target assembly 1.

[0095] 4) Irradiation target room

[0096] The through hole 34 of the gallium target chamber head assembly is tightly connected to the accelerator beam lead-out end to form a vacuum. After passing the vacuum test and the water channel sealing test, the gallium target chamber is irradiated for 1-300 hours using proton energy of 20-30MeV and beam intensity of 10-200μA.

[0097] 5) Unloading the target

[0098] After irradiation, the cyclotron transfer system forms negative pressure and transfers the target chamber from the irradiation station to the receiving station. The gallium target chamber is placed for 14-30 days for the radioactivity to decay to a safe operating state, and the target is unloaded for post-processing steps.

[0099] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-sided cooling capsule target chamber, characterized in that: include: A capsule target piece assembly, wherein the capsule target piece assembly is circular; A bearing assembly, wherein a groove portion and a channel communicating with the groove portion are formed in the bearing assembly, wherein the capsule target piece assembly is installed in the groove portion; and a helium cooling channel and a water cooling channel are respectively arranged on the front and back sides of the bearing assembly corresponding to the capsule target piece assembly; A target chamber head assembly, wherein the target chamber head assembly is fixed to one end of the bearing assembly and is provided with an introduction portion for introducing an accelerator particle beam into the channel; A target chamber tail assembly is fixed to the other end of the bearing assembly.

2. The double-sided cooling capsule target chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capsule target piece assembly comprises a target window and a target piece, and both the target window and the target piece are circular structures; The target piece is clamped in the two target windows, and the two target windows are each provided with a window corresponding to the position of the target piece; the accelerator particle beam transported by the channel directly acts on the target piece through the windows.

3. The double-sided cooling capsule target chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capsule target piece assembly comprises a target window and a target piece, and both the target window and the target piece are circular structures; The opposite sides of the two target windows are concave to form an inner chamber for installing the target piece, and the target piece is installed in the inner chamber; the accelerator particle beam transported by the channel acts on the target piece after passing through the target window.

4. The double-sided cooling capsule target chamber according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the target piece is 29.4-30.6 mm, and the thickness of the target piece is 3.6-4.2 mm.

5. The double-sided cooling capsule target chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing assembly is composed of an aluminum bracket and a copper bracket that are buckled together. The copper tray is provided with a first groove, and the capsule target sheet assembly is installed in the first groove; the aluminum tray is provided with a second groove matching the first groove, and the first groove and the second groove constitute the groove portion; the aluminum tray is provided with the channel at one end close to the target chamber head assembly, and a film is provided inside the channel at one end close to the target chamber head assembly; the introduction portion is connected with the groove portion through the channel; The helium cooling channel is arranged in the aluminum tray, and the water cooling channel is arranged in the copper tray.

6. The double-sided cooling capsule target chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The helium cooling channel includes an air inlet, an air outlet, a helium air inlet path and a helium air outlet path; The air inlet and the air outlet are arranged on the outer end surface of the aluminum tray, the air inlet is connected to the channel through the helium inlet air path, and the air outlet is connected to the second groove through the helium outlet air path.

7. The double-sided cooling capsule target chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water cooling channel includes a water inlet joint, a water outlet joint, a water inlet pipeline and a water outlet pipeline; The water inlet joint and the water outlet joint are respectively arranged on both sides of the outer end surface of the copper support, the water inlet joint is connected to the first groove through the water inlet pipeline, and the water outlet joint is connected to the first groove through the water outlet pipeline.

8. The double-sided cooling capsule target chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The film includes a Hawa film, a titanium film, an aluminum film or a molybdenum film; The thickness of the film is 10-50 μm, and the diameter of the film is 25-35 mm.

9. The double-sided cooling capsule target chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target chamber head assembly comprises a target chamber head, a first pressing sheet and a first pressing sheet felt, wherein the target chamber head is connected to the bearing assembly through the first pressing sheet and the first pressing sheet felt in sequence; the target chamber head, the first pressing sheet and the first pressing sheet felt are provided with through holes corresponding to the positions of the channels, and the through holes constitute the introduction part; The target chamber tail assembly comprises a target chamber tail, a second pressing sheet and a second pressing sheet felt, and the target chamber tail is connected to the bearing assembly via the second pressing sheet and the second pressing sheet felt in sequence.

10. A cyclotron, characterized in that: include: The double-sided cooling capsule target chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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