A method for planting germanium-rich coix seed

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for planting germanium-rich coix seeds, comprising the following cultivation steps: immersing healthy and plump coix seeds in a seed soaking agent; after emergence, soaking in a germanium-containing composite culture solution, the composite culture solution submerging all coix grains; and spraying a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution on the coix leaves at the early stage of coix heading and flowering. The seed soaking agent comprises an aqueous solution of germanium dioxide, an aqueous solution of sesbania gum, Bacillus velezensis, vitamins and gentiobiose. The germanium-containing composite culture solution consists of germanium dioxide, β-hydroxyethyl germanium sesquioxide and water. The coix seeds planted by the method of the present invention increase the content of germanium and zinc elements while not causing excessive content of cadmium, chromium, nickel, arsenic and lead elements in the seeds. The coix seeds are rich in germanium and zinc elements, have plump seeds, and are of excellent quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of planting, and in particular to a planting method of germanium-rich coix seed. Background Art

[0002] Job's tears has a long history of cultivation in China and is one of the ancient Chinese grains used for both medicinal and edible purposes. The Compendium of Materia Medica describes it as "tonifying the spleen and stomach, nourishing the lungs, clearing heat, and dispelling wind and dampness. Fried rice can treat colds; boiled and drunk, it can promote urination and urination." Job's tears are highly nutritious, containing protein, fat, various vitamins, and trace elements. It is known as the "king of the grasses" and is also listed as a cancer-preventing food in Japan. Germanium (Ge), discovered and named by a German chemist, comes in two forms: inorganic and organic. Inorganic germanium is toxic, while organic germanium is beneficial to human health. Research has found that various medicinal herbs with tonic, strengthening, and anti-cancer properties, such as ginseng, ganoderma lucidum, and wolfberry, contain high levels of germanium. Germanium stimulates hematopoiesis and enhances reproductive function. Therefore, organic germanium can enhance the body's immune system, strengthen resistance to disease, and prevent and treat viral and bacterial infections. It also has blood pressure-lowering, anti-aging, and whitening properties. Currently, germanium-rich organic foods are popular among consumers. Commercially available germanium-rich rice is primarily rice, while few methods for cultivating germanium-rich coix seed have been reported. Furthermore, cultivation of germanium-rich coix seed is complex and relatively expensive. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for cultivating germanium-rich coix seed, which has promising applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for planting germanium-rich coix seed to solve the above problems.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0005] A method for growing germanium-rich coix seeds comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Soak healthy and plump Job's tears seeds in a seed soaking agent;

[0007] S2. After the coix seeds have emerged 1-2 cm, soak the coix seeds in a composite culture solution containing germanium until all the coix seeds are submerged in the composite culture solution;

[0008] S3. In the early stage of Job's tears heading and flowering, spray the leaves of Job's tears with a solution of foliar fertilizer containing germanium.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S1, the seed soaking agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of a 4-6% w / v germanium dioxide aqueous solution, 5-7 parts of a 1.5%-2.0% w / v sesbania gum aqueous solution, and Bacillus velezensis ( Bacillus velezensis) 5-6 parts, vitamin B2 0.5-1 part, gentiobiose 0.5-1.0 part.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, the mass volume ratio of the coix seeds to the seed soaking agent is 1g:4-5mL.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S1, the soaking temperature is 20-25°C, and the seeds are soaked until the coix seeds emerge to a thickness of 1-2 cm, and the soaking agent is replaced 1-2 times every 24 hours.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S2, the germanium-containing composite culture solution is composed of germanium dioxide, β-hydroxyethyl germanium sesquioxide and water in a mass volume ratio of 3-5 mg:0.6-1.0 mg:80-100 mL.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S3, the components of the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer include germanium, selenium, magnesium, calcium, iron and zinc in a mass ratio of 1-2:0.3-0.5:3-5:2-3:2-4:5-7.

[0014] Furthermore, the germanium element is derived from germanium dioxide, the selenium element is derived from sodium selenite, the magnesium element is derived from magnesium sulfate, the calcium element is derived from calcium ammonium nitrate, the iron element is derived from ferrous sulfate, and the zinc element is derived from zinc sulfate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention discloses a method for growing germanium-rich coix seed. The method comprises immersing healthy and plump coix seed in a seed soaking agent, soaking the seed in a germanium-containing composite culture solution, and spraying the leaves with a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution at the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering. Germanium is added to the seed soaking agent and foliar fertilizer to increase the germanium content of the coix seed. The coix seed grown using the method of the present invention has significantly increased germanium and zinc content. At the same time, the coix seed grains are plump, bright in color, and smooth, and the cadmium, chromium, nickel, arsenic, and lead content in the grains do not exceed the standard. The coix seed grains are of relatively high quality and rich in germanium, providing a reference method for the cultivation of germanium-rich coix seed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the technical solution is clearly and completely described, and specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the present invention. The following are only some embodiments of the present invention.

[0018] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained from commercial channels.

[0019] The raw material components used in this embodiment, sesbania gum ( SesbaniaGum), product number is Y16092-EMA, purity>98%, manufacturer is Beijing Biolab Technology Co., Ltd.; Bacillus velezensis ( Bacillus velezensis ), the viable count is greater than 5×10 9 cfu / mL, No. TS377650, manufactured by Ningbo Testo Biotechnology Co., Ltd. ( ningbo testobio Co.,Ltd ); Gentianobiose ( Gentiobiose ), molecular weight is 342.30, molecular formula is C 12 H 22 O 11 , purity>96.0% (LC), manufacturer is Shandong Xiya Chemical Co., Ltd.; β-hydroxyethyl germanium sesquioxide (Ge-132), purity is 99%, molecular formula is C6H 10 Ge2O7, the manufacturer is Hubei Yunmei Technology Co., Ltd.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] A method for growing germanium-rich coix seeds comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step (1): soaking the coix seeds, immersing healthy and plump coix seeds in a seed soaking agent; the mass volume ratio of the coix seeds to the seed soaking agent is 1g:4mL, the soaking temperature is 20℃, and the seeds are soaked until the coix seeds emerge at 1.2±0.2cm, and the seed soaking agent is replaced once every 24h.

[0023] The seed soaking agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of 4% w / v germanium dioxide aqueous solution, 5 parts of 1.5% w / v sesbania gum aqueous solution, Bacillus velezensis ( Bacillus velezensis ) 5 parts, vitamin B2 0.5 parts, gentiobiose 0.5 parts.

[0024] Step (2): After the coix seeds emerge, the coix seeds are soaked in a germanium-containing composite culture solution, and the composite culture solution submerges all the coix grains; wherein the germanium-containing composite culture solution is composed of germanium dioxide, β-hydroxyethyl germanium sesquioxide and water in a mass volume mg / mL ratio of 3:1:100.

[0025] Step (3): spraying foliar fertilizer. In the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering, spray the coix seed leaves with a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution. The components of the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer include germanium, selenium, magnesium, calcium, iron and zinc in a mass ratio of 1:0.3:3:2:2:5. Among them, the germanium element is derived from germanium dioxide, the selenium element is derived from sodium selenite, the magnesium element is derived from magnesium sulfate, the calcium element is derived from calcium ammonium nitrate, the iron element is derived from ferrous sulfate, and the zinc element is derived from zinc sulfate. Spray the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer at the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering. Dilute the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer 1300 times with water to obtain a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution. The spraying amount is 2kg / mu. After the coix seed is harvested, the average germanium content in every 100g of coix seed is 0.21ug.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] A method for growing germanium-rich coix seeds comprises the following steps:

[0028] Step (1): soaking the coix seeds, immersing healthy and plump coix seeds in a seed soaking agent; the mass volume ratio of the coix seeds to the seed soaking agent is 1g:5mL, the soaking temperature is 25℃, and the seeds are soaked until the coix seeds emerge at 1.5±0.2cm, and the seed soaking agent is replaced once every 12h.

[0029] The seed soaking agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of 6% w / v germanium dioxide aqueous solution, 7 parts of 2.0% w / v sesbania gum aqueous solution, Bacillus velezensis ( Bacillus velezensis ) 6 parts, vitamin B2 1 part, gentiobiose 1 part.

[0030] Step (2): After the coix seeds emerge, the coix seeds are soaked in a germanium-containing composite culture solution, and the composite culture solution submerges all the coix grains; wherein the germanium-containing composite culture solution is composed of germanium dioxide, β-hydroxyethyl germanium sesquioxide and water in a mass volume mg / mL ratio of 5:1:85.

[0031] Step (3): spraying foliar fertilizer. In the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering, spray the coix seed leaves with a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution. The components of the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer include germanium, selenium, magnesium, calcium, iron and zinc in a mass ratio of 2:0.3:5:2:4:7. Among them, the germanium element is derived from germanium dioxide, the selenium element is derived from sodium selenite, the magnesium element is derived from magnesium sulfate, the calcium element is derived from calcium ammonium nitrate, the iron element is derived from ferrous sulfate, and the zinc element is derived from zinc sulfate. Spray the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer at the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering. Dilute the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer 1500 times with water to obtain a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution. The spraying amount is 3kg / mu. After the coix seed is harvested, the average germanium content in every 100g of coix seed is 0.25ug.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] A method for growing germanium-rich coix seeds comprises the following steps:

[0034] Step (1): soaking the coix seeds, immersing healthy and plump coix seeds in a seed soaking agent; the mass volume ratio of the coix seeds to the seed soaking agent is 1g:4.5mL, the soaking temperature is 24℃, and the seeds are soaked until the coix seeds emerge at 1.6±0.2cm, and the seed soaking agent is replaced once every 24h.

[0035] The seed soaking agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of 5% w / v germanium dioxide aqueous solution, 5 parts of 1.5% w / v sesbania gum aqueous solution, Bacillus velezensis ( Bacillus velezensis ) 6 parts, vitamin B2 0.6 parts, gentiobiose 0.6 parts.

[0036] Step (2): After the coix seeds emerge, the coix seeds are soaked in a germanium-containing composite culture solution, and the composite culture solution submerges all the coix grains; wherein the germanium-containing composite culture solution is composed of germanium dioxide, β-hydroxyethyl germanium sesquioxide and water in a mass volume mg / mL ratio of 4:0.9:100.

[0037] Step (3): spraying foliar fertilizer. In the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering, spray the coix seed leaves with a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution. The components of the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer include germanium, selenium, magnesium, calcium, iron and zinc in a mass ratio of 1.5:0.4:4:3:3:6. Among them, the germanium element is derived from germanium dioxide, the selenium element is derived from sodium selenite, the magnesium element is derived from magnesium sulfate, the calcium element is derived from calcium ammonium nitrate, the iron element is derived from ferrous sulfate, and the zinc element is derived from zinc sulfate. Spray the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer in the early stage of coix seed tasseling and flowering. Dilute the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer with water 1300-1500 times to obtain a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution. The spraying amount is 2.6kg / mu. After the coix seed is harvested, the average germanium content in every 100g of coix seed is 0.26ug.

[0038] Comparative Example 1

[0039] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 3 is that, in step (1), when soaking the coix seeds, germanium dioxide is removed from the soaking agent, and in step (2), β-hydroxyethyl germanium sesquioxide is removed from the germanium-containing composite culture solution. The other operating steps and methods are the same as those in Example 3.

[0040] Comparative Example 2

[0041] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 3 is that germanium dioxide is removed from the germanium-containing composite culture medium in step (2), and the other operating steps and methods are the same as those in Example 3.

[0042] Comparative Example 3

[0043] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 3 is that germanium dioxide is removed from the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution in step (3), and the other operating steps and methods are the same as those in Example 3.

[0044] control group

[0045] A comparative experiment was conducted in the control group. No germanium-containing substances or fertilizers were applied during the entire planting process of Job's tears. The cultivation method and steps were the same as those in Example 3.

[0046] test

[0047] Job's tears seeds with large, plump seeds and intact, active embryos were randomly selected and placed in pots labeled with the examples, comparative examples, and controls for greenhouse cultivation experiments. Five equilibrium tests were performed for each of the examples, comparative examples, and controls. Cultivation was carried out throughout the growing season according to the cultivation methods described in the examples, comparative examples, and controls. The soil was homogenized and had the same nutrient content, including no germanium. The soil had a nitrogen (N) content of 0.25%, a phosphorus (P) content of 0.3%, a potassium (K) content of 1.4%, an organic matter content of 26%, and no excessive heavy metal content. Four seeds were sown per pot in plastic pots (21 cm in diameter). The seeds were cultivated in a greenhouse at 22-28°C and a relative humidity of ≥85%. Pest and weed control was performed to ensure healthy growth of the Job's tears seedlings. Because Job's tears are monoecious, with the same ear and female and male florets, unlike the individual plants, the female florets mature first, followed by the male florets. To increase seed set, uniform artificial pollination was used. The coix seed harvest period was measured for the coix seed grains of the embodiment, comparative example and control.

[0048] Germination rate (%) = number of germinated seeds / number of seeds tested * 100%

[0049] The zinc and germanium content in coix seed grains is determined according to GB 5009.268-2016. The trace element classification standard is T / STEI0002-2024. The cadmium and chromium content is determined according to GB / T 41685-2022.

[0050] The germination rates of all Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-3, and Control Examples of Coix Seeds after 10 days of cultivation were measured. The results show that the germination rates of Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-3, and the control group ranged from 73.9% to 79.8%, with no significant difference. This indicates that the early treatment of Coix Seeds by Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 did not increase or decrease the germination of Coix Seeds. The height measurement results for 7 days of growth showed that there was no significant difference in the height change of Coix Seeds from Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-3, and the control group. However, the height measurement results after 14 days of growth showed that the height of Coix Seeds from Examples 1-3 was significantly higher than that of Comparative Examples 1-3 and the control group, indicating that the addition of germanium from Examples 1-3 promoted the staged growth of Coix Seeds.

[0051] Table 1

[0052] Group 3d height (cm) 7d height (cm) 14d height (cm) 14 days: Do the seedlings wither and turn yellow? Example 1 3.5a 10.2a 15.9a no Example 2 3.2a 9.8a 16.8a no Example 3 3.4a 10.4a 16.7a no Comparative Example 1 3.2a 9.9a 14.3b no Comparative Example 2 3.0a 10.1a 13.8b no Comparative Example 3 3.1a 9.8a 13.7b no control group 3.4a 10.2a 14.0b no

[0053] Note: a, b indicate significant differences between different groups P <0.05.

[0054] Table 2

[0055] Group Germination rate (%) Zinc content of coix seed (mg / kg) Germanium content in coix seed (ug / kg) Example 1 76.5a 68.2a 4.1a Example 2 73.9a 69.3a 4.0a Example 3 75.3a 67.5a 4.4a Comparative Example 1 79.8a 28.1b 2.2b Comparative Example 2 77.5a 30.0b 2.0b Comparative Example 3 76.4a 27.7b 2.5b control group 74.8a 9.6c 0.3c

[0056] Note: a, b, c indicate significant differences between different groups P <0.05.

[0057] Table 3

[0058] Group cadmium chromium nickel lead arsenic Kernel appearance Example 1 Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Full, bright, smooth Example 2 Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Full, bright, smooth Example 3 Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Full, bright, smooth Comparative Example 1 Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Full, bright, smooth Comparative Example 2 Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Full, bright, smooth Comparative Example 3 Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Full, bright, smooth control group Not exceeded Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Not exceeding the standard Fuller, brighter, smoother

[0059] The test results show that the germination rate of the coix seeds planted according to the method of Examples 1-3 was not significantly different from that of Comparative Examples 1-3 and the control, that is, the addition of germanium did not affect the emergence of coix seeds and did not cause the seedlings to turn yellow. The coix seeds planted according to the method of Examples 1-3 significantly increased the germanium content of the coix seeds. The germanium content of the coix seeds was in the range of 4.0-4.4ug / kg, which was significantly higher than the 2.0-2.5ug / kg of the control group and the comparative example 1-3 test group. While the germanium content in the coix seeds of the embodiment increased, the zinc content also increased significantly. The zinc content in the embodiment 1-3 was in the range of 67.5-69.3mg / kg, which was significantly higher than the 27.7-30.0mg / kg of the comparative example. The coix seeds planted according to the method of Examples 1-3 increased the content of germanium and zinc without exceeding the content of cadmium, chromium, nickel, arsenic and lead in the seeds. The coix seeds are rich in germanium and zinc, have full grains, and are of excellent quality.

[0060] In summary, the present invention discloses a method for growing germanium-enriched coix seeds. The method involves immersing coix seeds in a seed soaking agent, then soaking them in a germanium-containing composite culture solution until all coix kernels are submerged. In the early stages of coix seed flowering, a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer solution is sprayed on the coix leaves. This method increases the germanium and zinc content in the coix seeds without exceeding the standard for heavy metal content. After harvest, the coix seeds are plump, brightly colored, and smooth, thereby improving the quality of the coix seeds.

[0061] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting germanium-rich coix seed, characterized in that: The cultivation steps include: S1. Immerse healthy and plump coix seeds in a seed soaking agent; the seed soaking temperature is 20-25°C, and the seeds are soaked until the coix seeds emerge 1-2 cm, and the seed soaking agent is replaced 1-2 times every 24 hours; S2. After the coix seeds have emerged 1-2 cm, soak the coix seeds in a composite culture solution containing germanium until all the coix seeds are submerged in the composite culture solution; S3. In the early stage of coix seed earing and flowering, spray the coix seed leaves with a foliar fertilizer solution containing germanium; Step S1, the seed soaking agent is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of a 4%-6% w / v germanium dioxide aqueous solution, 5-7 parts of a 1.5%-2.0% w / v sesbania gum aqueous solution, Bacillus velezensis ( Bacillus velezensis ) 5-6 parts, vitamin B2 0.5-1 part, gentiobiose 0.5-1.0 part; Step S2, the germanium-containing composite culture solution is composed of germanium dioxide, β-hydroxyethyl germanium sesquioxide and water in a mass volume ratio of 3-5 mg:0.6-1.0 mg:80-100 mL; Step S3, the components of the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer are germanium, selenium, magnesium, calcium, iron and zinc in a mass ratio of 1-2:0.3-0.5:3-5:2-3:2-4:5-7.

2. The method for planting germanium-rich coix seed according to claim 1, wherein: Step S1, the mass volume ratio of the coix seeds to the seed soaking agent is 1g:4-5mL.

3. The method for planting germanium-rich coix seed according to claim 1, wherein: The germanium element is derived from germanium dioxide, the selenium element is derived from sodium selenite, the magnesium element is derived from magnesium sulfate, the calcium element is derived from calcium ammonium nitrate, the iron element is derived from ferrous sulfate, and the zinc element is derived from zinc sulfate.

4. The method for planting germanium-rich coix seed according to claim 1, wherein: Step S3, the germanium-containing foliar fertilizer is diluted 1300-1500 times with water to obtain a germanium-containing foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, and the spraying amount is 2-3 kg / mu.