Assembly structure of a gear encoder and electric spindle

Abstract

The application discloses an assembling structure of a gear encoder and an electric spindle, which comprises a shell, a collecting circuit board, a magnet fixing plate and a processing circuit board, the shell is provided with a concave cavity with a closed bottom, the collecting circuit board is provided with a magnetoresistance chip, the magnet fixing plate is provided with a magnet, and the processing circuit board is provided with a plurality of top pins extending along the depth direction of the concave cavity, the collecting circuit board and the magnet fixing plate are provided with positioning holes at positions corresponding to the top pins, and the bottom of the concave cavity is provided with positioning grooves at positions corresponding to the top pins, and the top pins of the collecting circuit board pass through the positioning holes of the magnet fixing plate and the positioning holes of the collecting circuit board in sequence along the depth direction of the concave cavity and are assembled in the positioning grooves. Compared with the prior art, since the through holes and the top pins are well controlled in precision, the assembling precision is obviously improved, and the shell and the circuit board are not required to have high precision in shape, so that the shell and the circuit board can be easily machined.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of encoders, and particularly relates to an assembly structure of a gear encoder and an electric spindle. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a modern industrial system, machine tools are the main force for processing various products, and electric spindles are the core components thereof, which are widely used in the field of mechanical processing. Compared with ordinary motors, electric spindles must have the characteristics of small size, high precision, and strong anti-interference, and have a higher requirement for the precision of encoders. Although conventional grating and magnetic grating encoders have high enough precision, they have problems such as large size, high price, and difficult assembly. Therefore, at present, the spindle products mainly use gear encoders. The gear encoder is an encoder that uses a mechanical gear as an encoding disc and uses a magnet and a magneto-resistive sensor as a sensing device. When the gear rotates, the magneto-resistive sensor identifies the relative position of the spindle by sensing the magnetic field change of the magnet at different positions of the mechanical gear, and is used for measuring the speed and position of the spindle.

[0003] Therefore, for the gear encoder, the assembly precision of the magnet and the magneto-resistive chip has a great influence on the performance of the product. At present, the known encoders fix the magneto-resistive chip at the bottom of the circuit board, fix the magnet at the top of the circuit board with glue, and then assemble them on the encoder shell. When assembling the circuit board and the magnet, a jig is needed to limit the position and then fix it, so that the magnet is easily assembled to be inclined, resulting in poor product precision and consistency. In addition, since the product is used in an industrial environment and outputs a high-precision signal, the product has a very high requirement for anti-interference, and the shielding and grounding mode of the lead wire is very important. Most of the complex shell structures are to ensure the smooth grounding of the shielding layer. In addition, in order to meet the dustproof and waterproof requirements, the product needs to be sealed as a whole by pouring glue. Due to the complexity of the shell structure, there are problems such as easy leakage of the poured glue and the need for multiple pouring and sealing. Due to the above reasons, the assembly process of the gear encoder is relatively complex, and the existing products generally have problems such as poor product precision, insufficient anti-interference, and complex structure. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application relates to the field of encoders, and particularly relates to an assembly structure of a gear encoder and an electric spindle.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is:

[0006] In a first aspect, an assembling structure of a gear encoder includes a housing, a collection circuit board, a magnet fixing plate, and a processing circuit board. The housing is provided with a concave cavity with a closed bottom. The collection circuit board is provided with a magnetoresistance chip. The magnet fixing plate is provided with a magnet. The processing circuit board is provided with a plurality of top pins extending along the depth direction of the concave cavity. The collection circuit board and the magnet fixing plate are provided with positioning holes corresponding to the positions of the top pins. The bottom of the concave cavity is provided with positioning grooves corresponding to the positions of the top pins. The top pins of the collection circuit board pass through the positioning holes of the magnet fixing plate and the collection circuit board in sequence and are assembled in the positioning grooves along the depth direction of the concave cavity.

[0007] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the housing is provided with a support boss at the bottom of the concave cavity. The collection circuit board is provided with a notch avoiding the support boss. The collection circuit board is assembled at the bottom of the concave cavity. The magnet fixing plate avoids the support boss. The processing circuit board is assembled on the support boss.

[0008] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, the magnetoresistance chip is welded to the bottom of the collection circuit board. The bottom of the concave cavity is provided with a recess corresponding to the position of the magnetoresistance chip. The magnetoresistance chip is embedded in the recess.

[0009] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, the top of the magnet fixing plate is provided with a magnet mounting groove. The magnet is mounted in the magnet mounting groove by glue.

[0010] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, the width of the magnet fixing plate is smaller than the width of the collection circuit board and the processing circuit board on both sides. The collection circuit board and the processing circuit board have a directly opposite area offset from the magnet fixing plate. The collection circuit board and the processing circuit board are connected through a plug-in component arranged in the directly opposite area.

[0011] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, the assembling structure further includes a lead. The lead includes a signal line. The top of the processing circuit board is provided with a terminal block. The signal line is crimped to a terminal. The terminal is connected to the terminal block.

[0012] With reference to the first aspect and the above implementations, in some implementations of the first aspect, the lead includes a shielding line. The shielding line forms a shielding layer by wrapping around the signal line. The shielding line is crimped to a terminal. The top pin is connected to the terminal block. The top pin is connected to the shielding line through the terminal and the terminal block.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the processing circuit board is provided with a resistor, and the resistor is connected between the top pin and the shielding wire.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the assembly structure of the gear encoder further comprises a cover, the cover comprises a cover body and an end plate, the end plate is located at one end of the cover body, the end plate is provided with a lead hole, the lead wire passes through the lead hole from one side of the cover body and is connected to the terminal, the cover is assembled on the top of the shell, the shell forms an opening on the side of the end plate facing the terminal, and the assembly structure of the gear encoder is encapsulated by glue through the opening.

[0015] The second aspect discloses an electric spindle comprising the assembly structure of the gear encoder in any implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0016] The technical scheme has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects: in the technical scheme, the magnet fixing plate is arranged on the top of the acquisition circuit board, the magnet is arranged on the magnet fixing plate, the positioning hole and the positioning groove are arranged on the acquisition circuit board, the magnet fixing plate and the shell at positions corresponding to the top pin, the top pin on the processing circuit board passes through the positioning hole on the acquisition circuit board and the magnet fixing plate and is fixed in the positioning groove on the shell, and the three plates are positioned, so that the relative positions of the magnet fixing plate, the magnet and the magnetoresistive chip are ensured, the assembly precision is significantly improved due to the good control precision of the through hole and the top pin, and the shell and the circuit board have no high requirement on the shape precision and can be easily processed. Meanwhile, the magnet is fixed by the magnet fixing plate, the precision of the magnet after assembly can be effectively ensured, the product consistency is greatly improved, and the assembly difficulty is greatly reduced.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following and / or can be learned by practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily appreciated from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 is an embodiment structure explosion diagram of the assembly structure of the gear encoder of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is an embodiment shell structure schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the gear encoder of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 is an embodiment assembly structure schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the gear encoder of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] This part will describe the specific embodiments of the present application in detail, the preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, the role of the drawings is to supplement the description of the text part with graphics, so that people can intuitively and visually understand each technical feature and the overall technical scheme of the present application, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application.

[0023] In the present application, if the direction (up, down, left, right, front and back) is described, it is only for the convenience of describing the technical scheme of the present application, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated technical feature must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0024] In the present application, the meaning of "several" is one or more, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, "greater than", "less than", "more than" and the like are not included in the number; "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include the number. In the description of the present application, if "first" and "second" are described, they are only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0025] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words "set", "install", "connect" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, they can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or can be integrally formed; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected or capable of communicating with each other; can be the communication or interaction relationship between two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. The skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical scheme.

[0026] In the prior art, the relative position of the circuit board is controlled by the shell and the shape of the circuit board, so the tolerance requirement of the shell and the shape of the circuit board is relatively high, otherwise the high-precision assembly requirement cannot be met, but due to the small size of the product, the circuit board often needs to be made into a spliced board for production, and after splicing, the circuit board edge must have burrs, and the shape precision is difficult to meet the requirements; at the same time, in the prior art, the position of the magnet needs to be ensured by assembly process, first find the jig limit and then glue to fix, and then remove the jig after glue fixing, due to the small space, this step is easy to cause the magnet to be finally inclined.

[0027] Reference Figure 1The embodiment of the present application provides an assembling structure of a gear encoder, which comprises a shell 100, a collection circuit board 200, a magnet fixing plate 300 and a processing circuit board 400, the shell 100 is externally provided with an ear seat for fixed installation, the shell 100 is provided with a bottom-closed cavity 101, the collection circuit board 200 is provided with a magnetoresistance chip (not shown in the figure), the magnet fixing plate 300 is provided with a magnet 301, the processing circuit board 400 is provided with a plurality of top pins 401 extending along the depth direction of the cavity 101, the top pins 401 are provided with one or more, and the positioning effect is better when a plurality of top pins 401 are provided, the collection circuit board 200 and the magnet fixing plate 300 are provided with positioning holes 202 and 302 at positions corresponding to the top pins 401, the bottom of the cavity 101 is provided with a positioning groove 102 at a position corresponding to the top pins 401, the positioning holes 202 and 302 of the collection circuit board 200 and the magnet fixing plate 300 are consistent with the positioning groove 102 of the bottom of the cavity 101, and the top pins 401 of the collection circuit board 200 are sequentially assembled in the positioning groove 102 after passing through the positioning holes 302 of the magnet fixing plate 300 and the positioning holes 202 of the collection circuit board 200 along the depth direction of the cavity 101. When the processing circuit board 400 is assembled, the top pins 401 on the processing circuit board 400 pass through the positioning holes 202 and 302 of the collection circuit board 200 and the magnet fixing plate 300 and are then assembled in the positioning groove 102 of the shell 100, so that the relative positions of the magnet, the magnetoresistance chip and the shell are guaranteed, the relative positions of the magnet are accurately limited through the magnet fixing plate 300, the top pins 401 and the holes provided on the circuit board and the shell 100, and the product precision can be effectively improved.

[0028] In the technical scheme, the magnet fixing plate 300 is arranged on the top of the collection circuit board 200, the magnet 301 is arranged on the magnet fixing plate 300, then the positioning holes 202, 302 and the positioning groove 102 are arranged on the collection circuit board 200, the magnet fixing plate 300 and the shell 100 at positions corresponding to the top pins 401, the top pins 401 on the processing circuit board 400 pass through the positioning holes of the collection circuit board 200 and the magnet fixing plate 300, and are fixed in the positioning groove 102 of the shell 100, so that the three plates are positioned, and the relative positions of the magnet fixing plate 300, the magnet 301 and the magnetoresistance chip are guaranteed, compared with the prior art, the precision of the through hole and the top pin 401 is well controlled, the assembling precision is significantly improved, the shape precision of the shell and the circuit board is not required too much, and the shell and the circuit board can be easily processed. Meanwhile, the magnet is fixed through the magnet fixing plate 300, the precision of the magnet after assembling can be effectively guaranteed, the product consistency is greatly improved, and the assembling difficulty is greatly reduced.

[0029] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 3The shell 100 is provided with a support boss 103 at the bottom of the cavity 101, and the acquisition circuit board 200 is provided with a notch 203 avoiding the support boss 103, for example, the support boss 103 is provided with a semicircle at the corners of the bottom of the shell 100, and the four corners of the acquisition circuit board 200 are provided with rounded corners avoiding the support boss 103, the acquisition circuit board 200 is assembled to the bottom of the cavity 101, the magnet fixing plate 300 avoids the support boss 103, and the processing circuit board 400 is assembled to the support boss 103, so that stable support and assembly in the shell 100 are realized.

[0030] Further, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the magnetoresistive chip is welded to the bottom of the acquisition circuit board 200, the bottom of the cavity 101 is provided with a groove 103 corresponding to the position of the magnetoresistive chip, the groove 103 is used for placing the magnetoresistive chip on the acquisition circuit board 200, and the magnetoresistive chip is embedded in the groove.

[0031] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the top of the magnet fixing plate 300 is provided with a magnet mounting groove, the magnet mounting groove is consistent with the size of the magnet, the magnet mounting groove corresponds to the position of the bottom magnetoresistive chip, and the magnet is mounted in the magnet mounting groove through glue. In this embodiment, the magnet can be placed in the slot and fixed by glue, the magnet is fixed by the magnet fixing plate 300, the precision of the assembled magnet can be effectively guaranteed, the product consistency is greatly improved, and the assembly difficulty is greatly reduced.

[0032] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the width of the magnet fixing plate 300 is less than the width of the acquisition circuit board 200 and the processing circuit board 400 on both sides, the acquisition circuit board 200 and the processing circuit board 400 have a facing area staggered with the magnet fixing plate 300, and the acquisition circuit board 200 and the processing circuit board 400 are connected through the plug-in component 500 arranged in the facing area to realize signal transmission. In this embodiment, the assembly precision of the magnet is improved by arranging the magnet fixing plate 300, and at the same time, the size of the magnet fixing plate 300 is limited to a reasonable range, so that the acquisition circuit board 200 and the processing circuit board 400 can be directly connected through the plug-in component.

[0033] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the assembly structure of the gear encoder further includes a lead wire 600, the lead wire 600 includes a signal line, the top of the processing circuit board 400 is provided with a terminal block 402, the signal line is crimped to a terminal 403, and the terminal 403 is connected to the terminal block 402. In this embodiment, the lead wire 600 is quickly connected through the terminal 403 and the terminal block 402, and the connection stability, speed and stability are better.

[0034] In the prior art, in order to ensure the anti-interference ability of the encoder, the encoder needs to connect the shielding wire to the shell to form a shielding cover, so as to resist external level interference, therefore, the shielding layer of the lead wire 600 must be connected to the shell, since the signal line of the lead wire 600 is connected to the circuit board, the shielding wire needs to be fixed to the shell, so that enough space is reserved on the rear cover of the shell 100 for mounting the shielding wire, either through a screw nut or through welding, no matter which way, the rear cover of the shell 100 needs to leave enough space for operation, therefore, the shell 100 will be relatively complex.

[0035] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the lead wire 600 further comprises a shielding wire, the shielding wire is wrapped around the signal line to form a shielding layer, the shielding wire is crimped to the terminal 403, the thimble 401 is connected to the busbar 402, and the thimble 401 is connected to the shielding wire through the terminal 403 and the busbar 402. The embodiment of the present application is connected to the shell through the thimble 401, therefore, the mounting position of the shielding wire does not need to be reserved, the shielding wire can be terminated with the signal line to form the terminal 403, and then inserted into the circuit board, therefore, the rear cover can be very simple, and the overall assembly difficulty is also very low.

[0036] In the prior art, the anti-interference ability of the encoder mainly depends on the shielding cover formed on the shell, but this result can only resist external level interference, and the interference between the signal and the power supply cannot be avoided, therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the processing circuit board 400 is provided with a resistor, the resistor is connected between the thimble 401 and the shielding wire, so as to connect the shielding layer, the circuit board signal and the shell. The present application first connects the shell and the circuit board through the thimble 401, and then connects a large resistor between 0V and the thimble 401, since the shell is grounded, some internal power supply interference can be released to the ground through the resistor, so as to reduce the internal power supply interference, and effectively improve the anti-interference ability of the product, so as to meet the use requirements in complex industrial environments.

[0037] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 3The assembling structure of the gear encoder further comprises a cover 700, the cover 700 comprises a cover body 701 and an end plate 702, the end plate 702 is located at one end of the cover body 701, the end plate 702 is provided with a lead hole, the lead 600 passes through the lead hole from one side of the cover body 701 and is connected with the terminal 403, the cover 700 is assembled at the top of the shell 100, the shell 100 forms an opening 104 on the side of the end plate 702 facing the terminal 403, the assembling structure of the gear encoder is encapsulated by pouring glue through the opening, the integration of the shell 100 and the opening design at the upper end can also facilitate the product pouring glue, avoid the problem of glue leakage and further reduce the process complexity. In the prior art, in order to ensure the installation space of the lead 600 and the shielding wire, the shell is divided into an upper structure and a lower structure, and glue needs to be poured from the side. Due to the existence of the joint, good caulking measures need to be taken during production, otherwise the problem of glue leakage is prone to occur. Since the grounding design of the lead 600 is simplified to save space, the shell 100 can be made into a whole, the product can be poured from the opening at the top, and the joint is located on the upper surface. Therefore, the product encapsulation is relatively simple and is not prone to glue leakage. The process complexity is further reduced.

[0038] The technical scheme of the present application can well solve the problems of insufficient precision, poor anti-interference ability, and difficult production and assembly of the common gear encoder, greatly improve the product precision and anti-interference ability, enable the main shaft to have higher machining precision, and can be widely applied in the field of mechanical machining to improve the level of mechanical machining.

[0039] The relative position of the magnet is accurately limited through the magnet fixing plate 300, the ejector pin 401 and the holes arranged on the circuit board and the shell, the product precision can be effectively improved, and the circuit board, the shielding layer and the shell can be tightly connected through the ejector pin 401. Compared with similar products on the market, the product assembly and processing complexity are greatly reduced, and the product anti-interference ability is significantly improved.

[0040] The embodiment of the present application further provides an electric spindle comprising the assembling structure of the gear encoder in any one of the above embodiments.

[0041] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "example", "embodiment" or "some embodiments" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0042] Of course, the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present application, and such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An assembling structure of a gear encoder, characterized by comprising: The gear encoder assembly structure comprises a shell, a collection circuit board, a magnet fixing plate and a processing circuit board, the shell is provided with a concave cavity with a closed bottom, the collection circuit board is provided with a magnetoresistance chip, the magnet fixing plate is provided with a magnet, and the processing circuit board is provided with a plurality of top pins extending along the depth direction of the concave cavity.

2. The assembly structure of a gear encoder according to claim 1, wherein The bottom of the concave cavity is provided with a support boss, the collection circuit board is provided with a notch avoiding the support boss, the collection circuit board is assembled to the bottom of the concave cavity, the magnet fixing plate avoids the support boss, and the processing circuit board is assembled to the support boss.

3. The assembly structure of a gear encoder according to claim 2, wherein The magnetoresistance chip is welded to the bottom of the collection circuit board, the bottom of the concave cavity is provided with a groove corresponding to the magnetoresistance chip, and the magnetoresistance chip is embedded in the groove.

4. The assembly structure of a gear encoder according to claim 1, wherein The top of the magnet fixing plate is provided with a magnet mounting groove, and the magnet is mounted in the magnet mounting groove through glue.

5. The assembly structure of a gear encoder according to claim 1, wherein The width of the magnet fixing plate is smaller than the width of the collection circuit board and the processing circuit board on both sides, the collection circuit board and the processing circuit board have a directly opposite area offset from the magnet fixing plate, and the collection circuit board and the processing circuit board are connected through a plug-in part arranged in the directly opposite area.

6. The assembly structure of a gear encoder according to claim 1, wherein The lead wire comprises a signal line, the top of the processing circuit board is provided with a terminal block, the signal line is crimped to a terminal, and the terminal is connected to the terminal block.

7. The assembly structure of a gear encoder according to claim 6, wherein The lead wire comprises a shielding line, the shielding line is wrapped around the signal line to form a shielding layer, the shielding line is crimped to a terminal, the top pin is connected to the terminal block, and the top pin is connected to the shielding line through the terminal and the terminal block.

8. The assembly structure of a gear encoder according to claim 7, wherein The processing circuit board is provided with a resistor, and the resistor is connected between the top pin and the shielding line.

9. The assembly structure of a gear encoder according to claim 6, wherein The cover comprises a cover body and an end plate, the end plate is located at one end of the cover body, the end plate is provided with a lead wire hole, the lead wire passes through the lead wire hole from one side of the cover body and is connected to the terminal, the cover is assembled to the top of the shell, the shell forms an opening on the side of the end plate facing the terminal, and the assembly structure of the gear encoder is encapsulated through the opening.

10. An electric spindle, characterized by The assembly structure of the gear encoder comprises any one of claims 1-9. The assembly structure of the gear encoder comprises any one of claims 1-9.

Images