Real-time early warning device and method for abrasion of cutter of shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The invention provides a real-time early warning device and method for abrasion of a cutter of a shield tunneling machine. The real-time early warning device for abrasion of the cutter of the shield tunneling machine comprises the shield tunneling machine and a tracer detector. The shield tunneling machine comprises a cutter head, a soil body sealing cabin, a spiral conveyor and a belt conveying area. The cutterhead comprises a plurality of characteristic cutters, cutter built-in pipelines and a plurality of tracers. Each characteristic cutter comprises at least one cutter, a cutter wear limit is arranged on each cutter, and each cutter is positioned on the front side of the cutter wear limit and is used for cutting a soil body. The cutter built-in pipeline is arranged on the rear side of the cutter abrasion limit of each cutter, and the tracer agent is sealed in the cutter built-in pipeline of each cutter in the cutters with different characteristics under pressure. When characteristic cutter abrasion reaches a cutter abrasion limit, a cutter built-in pipeline starts to spray a tracer agent to a soil body, the tracer agent enters a soil body sealing cabin along with soil residues and then is conveyed to a belt conveying area, and a tracer agent detector recognizes tracer agent material characteristics so as to determine the type and the position of an abraded cutter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of shield machines, and in particular to a real-time early warning device and method for cutter wear of shield machines. Background Art

[0002] Shield construction has become an essential method for rail transit tunnel construction due to its fast and safe characteristics. However, when the shield machine is excavating in mixed soil and rock strata such as sand layers, gravel layers, and pebbles, the cutterhead and cutter constantly rub and collide with soil particles, causing damage to the easily worn parts of the shield equipment such as the cutting cutter. Excessive wear of the cutter often causes serious equipment failure accidents such as shield machine shutdown and bearing damage. Therefore, it is necessary to track and monitor the wear of the cutterhead and cutter of the shield machine to achieve timely cutter replacement and ensure the safe and efficient process of shield construction.

[0003] Due to the complexity of the working conditions faced by shield machines, the wear of the cutter will vary greatly due to differences in position, angle and degree. Therefore, a device that can distinguish different degrees of wear is needed to detect the wear of the cutter early, so that the cutter can be replaced in time to improve the construction efficiency of the shield machine. Existing wear monitoring of cutter disc tools can be roughly divided into two types. One is to monitor tool wear based on the hydraulic system; the other is to monitor tool wear based on resistance electrical signal transmission. Both are means of monitoring shield cutter disc tool wear, but they are costly and lack local detailed information on tool wear. Deviations are prone to occur during the monitoring process, and tool utilization efficiency cannot be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield machine tool wear warning device and a shield machine tool wear warning method implemented based on the device, which can effectively improve the accuracy of replacing shield machine tools and at the same time, can also judge the eccentric wear state of the cutter disc.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a real-time early warning device for tool wear of a shield machine, the real-time early warning device for tool wear of a shield machine comprises a shield machine and a tracer detector, the shield machine comprises a cutter disc, a soil sealing cabin, a screw conveyor and a belt conveying area, a cutting surface is arranged on the cutter disc, the soil sealing cabin is located in front of the cutting surface, the screw conveyor is located in front of the soil sealing cabin, the screw conveyor is connected with the soil sealing cabin, one end of the belt conveying area is arranged below the front end of the screw conveyor, the tracer detector is arranged above the belt conveying area, and the cutter disc comprises:

[0006] A plurality of characteristic cutting tools, wherein the plurality of characteristic cutting tools are detachably arranged on the cutting surface, each characteristic cutting tool comprises at least one cutting tool, each cutting tool is provided with a cutting tool wear limit, and each cutting tool is located in front of the cutting tool wear limit and is used for cutting soil;

[0007] A tool internal pipeline, wherein the tool internal pipeline is arranged at the rear side of the tool wear limit of each tool;

[0008] A plurality of tracers, wherein the plurality of tracers are respectively sealed under pressure in the tool built-in pipeline of each tool of different characteristic tools, and one tracer corresponds to one characteristic tool;

[0009] Among them, the tracer detector is used to identify the type of tracer to locate the worn tool.

[0010] In one embodiment, the cutting surface is circular, and includes a peripheral annular area, a middle annular area and a central area. The central area is located at the center of the cutting surface, the peripheral annular area is located at the outer edge of the cutting surface, the middle annular area is the area between the center of the cutting surface and the outer edge of the cutting surface, and the middle annular area is arranged with a spiral line.

[0011] In one embodiment, the plurality of feature tools include:

[0012] A first characteristic tool is arranged in an outer peripheral annular area of ​​the cutting surface;

[0013] The second characteristic tool is arranged in the middle annular area of ​​the cutting surface;

[0014] The third characteristic tool is arranged in the central area of ​​the cutting surface.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first feature tools are arranged along two radial directions and are symmetrically arranged in the outer peripheral annular area of ​​the cutting surface with the central area of ​​the cutting surface as the symmetry center.

[0016] In one embodiment, the second feature tools are arranged along two radial directions and in a cross shape, and each tool in the second feature tools is located on a spiral line in the middle annular area.

[0017] In one embodiment, the tool wear limit is 10%-15% of the tool diameter.

[0018] In one embodiment, the interior of the built-in pipeline of the tool is hollow to set a tracer.

[0019] In one embodiment, the plurality of tracers comprises:

[0020] a first tracer disposed in a tool internal pipeline at a rear side of a first feature tool;

[0021] a second tracer disposed in a tool built-in pipeline at the rear side of the second characteristic tool;

[0022] A third tracer, the third tracer being arranged in a tool built-in pipeline at the rear side of the third characteristic tool;

[0023] The first tracer, the second tracer and the third tracer are capable of producing different calorific values ​​or different spectral responses respectively;

[0024] The tracer detector is a thermal imager or a hyperspectral imager.

[0025] In one embodiment, the first tracer comprises a liquid and first tracer particles, and the first tracer particles comprise a first core located at a central position and a first protective layer covering the first core;

[0026] The second tracer comprises a liquid and a second tracer particle, and the second tracer particle comprises a second core located at a central position and a second protective layer coated outside the second core;

[0027] The third tracer comprises a liquid and third tracer particles, and the third tracer particles comprise a third core located at a central position and a third protective layer coated on the outside of the third core;

[0028] The first protective layer, the second protective layer and the third protective layer melt when in contact with water, and the first core, the second core and the third core generate different calorific values ​​or spectral responses after reacting with water.

[0029] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also proposes a real-time early warning method for shield machine tool wear, which is applied to the real-time early warning device for shield machine tool wear as described above, comprising:

[0030] Add corresponding tracer into the tool built-in pipeline of each tool;

[0031] Start the shield machine, the cutter head of the shield machine cuts the soil to enter the soil sealing chamber, and the screw conveyor discharges the soil in the soil sealing chamber to the belt conveying area;

[0032] The discharged soil is monitored in real time by a tracer detector above the belt conveyor area. If the discharged soil is detected to contain tracers, the type of tracers is further determined to judge the type and location of the worn tool.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the shield machine tool wear real-time early warning device and method of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] 1. Accurate monitoring and timely warning: The device captures tracers through tracer detectors, which can quickly and accurately detect the wear of shield machine cutters and provide real-time warnings when the wear reaches the limit, reducing the impact of cutter wear on construction quality and efficiency.

[0035] 2. High tool replacement accuracy: By setting different tracers in the corresponding tool built-in pipeline, the wear condition of the tool can be quickly determined, the position and time of tool replacement can be determined more accurately, and the replacement accuracy and efficiency can be improved.

[0036] 3. Easy to operate and maintain: The device is simple in design and easy to operate, which can effectively reduce operator negligence and malfunctions, and also facilitates maintenance and repair of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tool wear warning device for a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the tool wear limit on the characteristic tool and the tool internal pipeline in the tool wear warning device of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the transmission path of the tracer in the tool wear warning device for a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting surface of a cutter disc in a tool wear warning device for a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Reference numerals

[0042] 1. Cutter disc; 1-1. First characteristic tool; 1-2. Second characteristic tool; 1-3. Third characteristic tool; 2. Built-in pipeline of tool; 3. Wear limit of tool; 4. Tracer; 4-1. First tracer; 4-2. Second tracer; 4-3. Third tracer; 5. Tracer detector; 6. Belt conveyor area; 7. Screw conveyor; 8. Soil sealing cabin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the invention and are not used to limit the invention.

[0044] The present invention provides a real-time early warning device for tool wear of a shield machine, which comprises a shield machine and a tracer detector 5. Figure 1As shown, the shield machine includes a cutter disc 9, a soil sealing cabin 8, a screw conveyor 7 and a belt conveying area 6. A cutting surface is provided on the cutter disc 9. The soil sealing cabin 8 is located in front of the cutting surface. The screw conveyor 7 is located in front of the soil sealing cabin 8. The screw conveyor 7 is connected to the soil sealing cabin 8. One end of the belt conveying area 6 is provided below the front end of the screw conveyor 7. The tracer detector 5 is provided above the belt conveying area 6. The cutter disc includes: a plurality of characteristic tools 1, a tool built-in pipeline 2 and a plurality of tracers 4. The plurality of characteristic tools 1 are detachably provided on the cutting surface, and each characteristic tool includes at least one tool. A tool wear limit 3 is provided on each tool, and each tool is located in front of the tool wear limit 3 for cutting soil. The tool built-in pipeline 2 is arranged on the rear side of the tool wear limit 4 of each tool, see Figure 2 . The tool built-in pipeline 2 is hollow and does not affect the service performance of the characteristic tool 1. A plurality of tracers 4 are respectively sealed under pressure in the tool built-in pipeline 2 of each tool in different types of characteristic tools. One tracer corresponds to one characteristic tool. Among them, the tracer detector 5 is used to identify the type of tracer to locate the worn tool. Specifically, when the characteristic tool 1 has not been worn to the tool wear limit 3, the tracer 4 is sealed inside the tool built-in pipeline 2; when the characteristic tool 1 is worn to the tool wear limit 3, the tool built-in pipeline 2 begins to spray the tracer 4 from the cutting surface to the soil, and the tracer 4 enters the soil sealing cabin 8 along with the soil residue, and is then transported to the belt conveyor area 6. The tracer detector 5 arranged above the belt conveyor area 6 can identify the material characteristics of the tracer 4 to determine the type and location of the worn tool, see. Figure 3 It should be understood that this article refers to the direction in which soil is transported in the shield machine as "front", and the opposite direction as "back".

[0045] Further, if Figure 4 As shown, the cutting surface is circular, and the cutting surface includes an outer annular area, a middle annular area and a central area. The central area is located at the center of the cutting surface, the outer annular area is located at the outer edge of the cutting surface, and the middle annular area is the area between the center of the cutting surface and the outer edge of the cutting surface. The middle annular area is arranged with a spiral line.

[0046] Furthermore, the plurality of characteristic tools include: a first characteristic tool 1-1, a second characteristic tool 1-2 and a third characteristic tool 1-3. The first characteristic tool 1-1 is arranged in the peripheral annular area of ​​the cutting surface, the second characteristic tool 1-2 is arranged in the middle annular area of ​​the cutting surface, and the third characteristic tool 1-3 is arranged in the central area of ​​the cutting surface. Figure 4 It should be understood that the characteristic tool 1 is determined according to the cutting mechanism of the shield machine and the cutting trajectory of the integral tool on the cutter head 9, and other characteristic tools other than the first characteristic tool 1-1, the second characteristic tool 1-2 and the third characteristic tool 1-3 may be arranged on the cutting surface according to demand.

[0047] Furthermore, the first characteristic tools 1 - 1 are arranged along two radial directions and are symmetrically arranged in the outer peripheral annular area of ​​the cutting surface with the central area of ​​the cutting surface as the symmetry center.

[0048] Furthermore, the second characteristic tools 1 - 2 are arranged in two radial directions and in a cross shape, and each tool in the second characteristic tools 1 - 2 is located on the spiral line of the middle annular area.

[0049] Furthermore, the tool wear limit 3 is 10%-15% of the tool diameter.

[0050] Furthermore, the interior of the tool built-in pipeline 2 is hollow so as to set the tracer 4 .

[0051] Further, the plurality of tracers 4 include: a first tracer 4-1, a second tracer 4-2 and a third tracer 4-3. The first tracer 4-1 is arranged in the tool built-in pipeline 2 at the rear side of the first characteristic tool 1-1, the second tracer 4-2 is arranged in the tool built-in pipeline 2 at the rear side of the second characteristic tool 1-2, and the third tracer 4-3 is arranged in the tool built-in pipeline 2 at the rear side of the third characteristic tool 1-3, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 The first tracer 4-1, the second tracer 4-2 and the third tracer 4-3 can generate different heat values ​​or different spectral segments respectively. The tracer detector 5 is a thermal imager or a hyperspectral imager. The thermal imager includes an infrared thermal imager.

[0052] Furthermore, the first tracer 4-1 includes a liquid and a first tracer particle, and the first tracer particle includes a first core located at a central position and a first protective layer coated on the outside of the first core. The second tracer 4-2 includes a liquid and a second tracer particle, and the second tracer particle includes a second core located at a central position and a second protective layer coated on the outside of the second core. The third tracer 4-3 includes a liquid and a third tracer particle, and the third tracer particle includes a third core located at a central position and a third protective layer coated on the outside of the third core. Among them, the first protective layer, the second protective layer and the third protective layer melt in contact with water, and the first core, the second core and the third core produce different calorific values ​​or spectral responses after reacting with water. The tracer detector 5 can collect and identify the calorific value or spectral response of the core in the tracer particles on the belt conveyor area 6, thereby determining the position and type of the characteristic tool 1 that has reached the wear limit, and then realizing the early warning of the tool wear condition on the tool disc 9.

[0053] The present invention also provides a real-time early warning method for shield machine tool wear, which is applied to the real-time early warning device for shield machine tool wear as described above, comprising:

[0054] Add corresponding tracer 4 into the tool built-in pipeline 2 of each tool;

[0055] The shield machine is started, and the cutter head 9 of the shield machine cuts the soil to enter the soil sealing chamber 8, and the screw conveyor 7 discharges the soil in the soil sealing chamber 8 to the belt conveying area 6;

[0056] The discharged soil is monitored in real time by the tracer detector 5 above the belt conveyor area 6. If it is detected that the discharged soil contains the tracer 4, the type of the tracer 4 is further determined to judge the type and position of the worn tool.

[0057] In this embodiment, the tracer 4 is composed of a liquid and tracer particles. During the transportation of the screw conveyor 7, the protective layer of the tracer particles gradually disappears under the action of water in the slag. When the tracer particles are transported to the belt conveyor area 6, the protective layer of the tracer particles fades, leaving only the inner core. In the belt conveyor area 6, the inner core of the tracer particles will produce different calorific values ​​or spectral responses after reacting with water, which can be detected by the tracer detector 5 (i.e., a thermal imager or a hyperspectral imager) through the slag, thereby improving the accuracy of replacing the shield machine tool. At the same time, the eccentric wear state of the cutter head 9 can also be determined.

[0058] The beneficial effects of the shield machine tool wear real-time early warning device and method of the present invention are as follows:

[0059] 1. Accurate monitoring and timely warning: The device captures tracers through tracer detectors, which can quickly and accurately detect the wear of shield machine cutters and provide real-time warnings when the wear reaches the limit, reducing the impact of cutter wear on construction quality and efficiency.

[0060] 2. High tool replacement accuracy: By setting different tracers in the corresponding tool built-in pipeline, the wear condition of the tool can be quickly determined, the position and time of tool replacement can be determined more accurately, and the replacement accuracy and efficiency can be improved.

[0061] 3. Easy to operate and maintain: The device is simple in design and easy to operate, which can effectively reduce operator negligence and malfunctions, and also facilitates maintenance and repair of the equipment.

[0062] It should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the words "setting", "arrangement" and similar terms used in the description of this application should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two elements. Technical personnel in the field can understand its specific meaning in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center, front, rear" etc. in the text is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0065] The above-described embodiments are only further explanations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. The present invention may also have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various corresponding modifications and changes according to the present invention, but these corresponding modifications and changes should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time early warning device for shield machine tool wear, characterized in that: The shield machine tool wear real-time early warning device comprises a shield machine and a tracer detector, wherein the shield machine comprises a cutter disc, a soil sealing cabin, a screw conveyor and a belt conveying area, wherein a cutting surface is arranged on the cutter disc, the soil sealing cabin is located in front of the cutting surface, the screw conveyor is located in front of the soil sealing cabin, the screw conveyor is connected with the soil sealing cabin, one end of the belt conveying area is arranged below the front end of the screw conveyor, the tracer detector is arranged above the belt conveying area, and the cutter disc comprises: A plurality of characteristic cutting tools, wherein the plurality of characteristic cutting tools are detachably arranged on the cutting surface, each characteristic cutting tool comprises at least one cutting tool, each cutting tool is provided with a cutting tool wear limit, and each cutting tool is located in front of the cutting tool wear limit and is used for cutting soil; A tool internal pipeline, wherein the tool internal pipeline is arranged at the rear side of the tool wear limit of each tool; A plurality of tracers, wherein the plurality of tracers are respectively sealed under pressure in the tool built-in pipeline of each tool of different characteristic tools, and one tracer corresponds to one characteristic tool; Among them, the tracer detector is used to identify the type of tracer to locate the worn tool.

2. The real-time early warning device for shield machine tool wear according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cutting surface is circular, and includes a peripheral annular area, a middle annular area and a central area. The central area is located at the center of the cutting surface, the peripheral annular area is located at the outer edge of the cutting surface, the middle annular area is the area between the center of the cutting surface and the outer edge of the cutting surface, and the middle annular area is arranged with a spiral line.

3. The real-time early warning device for shield machine tool wear according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The various feature tools include: A first characteristic tool is arranged in an outer peripheral annular area of ​​the cutting surface; The second characteristic tool is arranged in the middle annular area of ​​the cutting surface; The third characteristic tool is arranged in the central area of ​​the cutting surface.

4. The real-time early warning device for shield machine tool wear according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first characteristic tools are arranged along two radial directions and are symmetrically arranged in the outer peripheral annular area of ​​the cutting surface with the central area of ​​the cutting surface as the symmetry center.

5. The real-time early warning device for shield machine tool wear according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The second characteristic tools are arranged along two radial directions and in a cross shape, and each tool in the second characteristic tools is located on the spiral line of the middle annular area.

6. The real-time early warning device for shield machine tool wear according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tool wear limit is 10%-15% of the tool diameter.

7. The real-time early warning device for shield machine tool wear according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The interior of the built-in pipeline of the tool is hollow so as to set a tracer.

8. The real-time early warning device for shield machine tool wear according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The various tracers include: a first tracer disposed in a tool internal pipeline at a rear side of a first feature tool; a second tracer disposed in a tool built-in pipeline at the rear side of the second characteristic tool; A third tracer, the third tracer being arranged in a tool built-in pipeline at the rear side of the third characteristic tool; The first tracer, the second tracer and the third tracer are capable of producing different calorific values ​​or different spectral responses respectively; The tracer detector is a thermal imager or a hyperspectral imager.

9. The real-time early warning device for shield machine tool wear according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first tracer comprises a liquid and first tracer particles, wherein the first tracer particles comprise a first core located at a central position and a first protective layer covering the first core; The second tracer comprises a liquid and a second tracer particle, and the second tracer particle comprises a second core located at a central position and a second protective layer coated outside the second core; The third tracer comprises liquid and third tracer particles, and the third tracer particles comprise a third core located at a central position and a third protective layer coated on the outside of the third core; The first protective layer, the second protective layer and the third protective layer melt when in contact with water, and the first core, the second core and the third core generate different calorific values ​​or spectral responses after reacting with water.

10. A real-time early warning method for shield machine tool wear, applied to the real-time early warning device for shield machine tool wear as claimed in claims 1-9, characterized in that: include: Add corresponding tracer into the tool built-in pipeline of each tool; Start the shield machine, the cutter head of the shield machine cuts the soil to enter the soil sealing chamber, and the screw conveyor discharges the soil in the soil sealing chamber to the belt conveying area; The discharged soil is monitored in real time by a tracer detector above the belt conveyor area. If the discharged soil is detected to contain tracers, the type of tracers is further determined to judge the type and location of the worn tool.

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