Oxidant decomposition phase transition and concentration dynamic measurement device

Abstract

The application provides an oxidant decomposition phase change and concentration dynamic measurement device, and belongs to the field of gas-liquid two-phase flow characteristic testing. The device solves the problems that existing measurement devices cannot simultaneously reproduce high-speed disturbance, temperature and pressure alternation and heating coupling conditions, and cannot accurately control temperature and dynamically measure concentration in the process of oxidant decomposition and combination in a narrow, closed and strongly corrosive environment. The device comprises a container, a pressure relief assembly arranged in the container, a gas supply assembly for inputting gas with a preset pressure into the container, a concentration detection loop, a quasi-static concentration detection branch and the container form a loop, a dynamic concentration detection branch is connected in parallel with the quasi-static concentration detection branch and is controllable in on-off, and a second heating assembly is coupled to the dynamic concentration detection branch. A cooling assembly is used for cooling and conveying the solution in the concentration detection loop back into the concentration detection loop. The device is mainly used for oxidant decomposition phase change and concentration dynamic measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gas-liquid two-phase flow characteristic testing, and in particular relates to a device for measuring the phase change and concentration dynamics of oxidant decomposition. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid nitrogen tetroxide (NOx) is widely used in aircraft propulsion systems. During processes such as tank pressurization, pipeline transportation, and engine combustion, it undergoes thermal decomposition and phase transition to generate nitrogen dioxide, accompanied by gas-liquid two-phase transformation and reversible chemical reactions. The decomposition rate, degree of decomposition, and mass transfer characteristics of the oxidizer directly determine the engine combustion efficiency, thrust output stability, system sealing safety, and oxidizer storage reliability. These are key technical indicators for aircraft propulsion system design, on-orbit refueling, and ground simulation experiments.

[0003] In real-world operating conditions, the oxidant is typically located in a closed chamber environment, accompanied by high-speed rotation of the turbopump, strong fluid disturbance, and the coupled effects of multiple heat sources such as solar thermal radiation, device heat dissipation, and combustion heat release. This results in a wide range and rapid rate of temperature and pressure fluctuations. To more closely simulate the heat exchange environment of a space flow system, current experiments often employ electromagnetic induction non-contact heating to avoid problems such as localized hot spots and pipeline vibrations caused by traditional electric heating methods. This places higher demands on the simulation and parameter measurement of the oxidant decomposition process.

[0004] Currently, traditional oxidant decomposition and concentration measurement devices have significant limitations and cannot meet the testing requirements of the aforementioned complex operating conditions: First, their ability to reproduce operating conditions is insufficient. Most devices can only achieve a single environment of low-speed stirring or constant temperature and pressure, and cannot simultaneously simulate high-speed disturbances, temperature and pressure alternation, and electromagnetic heating coupling conditions. They are also unable to meet the measurement requirements of both the quasi-static operating conditions of oxidant ground storage and transportation and the dynamic operating conditions of engine operation. Second, their adaptability to the measurement environment is poor. The core area of ​​the aircraft propulsion system is small and structurally enclosed, and the oxidant has strong oxidizing and corrosive properties. Conventional sensors are difficult to install and are prone to corrosion and failure, making it impossible to achieve long-term stable and interference-free parameter monitoring. Third, their temperature and pressure control capabilities are limited. The temperature and pressure adjustment range is narrow and the rate of change is slow, which cannot match the rapid temperature and pressure changes required during engine start-up, shutdown, and on-orbit refueling. It is difficult to accurately obtain the oxidant decomposition-combination kinetic parameters and change patterns throughout the entire operating condition range.

[0005] Therefore, developing an experimental device that can be compatible with both quasi-static and dynamic operating conditions, achieve precise temperature control, adapt to electromagnetic heating environments, and perform dynamic measurements of concentration and decomposition rate is of great practical significance for revealing the decomposition-phase transition mechanism of oxidants, supporting the optimized design of spacecraft propulsion systems, and conducting ground reconstruction experiments of space flow systems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose an oxidant decomposition phase change and concentration dynamic measurement device to solve the problems that existing measurement devices cannot simultaneously reproduce high-speed disturbance, temperature and pressure alternation and heating coupling conditions, and are difficult to accurately control the temperature and dynamically measure the concentration of oxidant decomposition and combination processes in a small, enclosed, and highly corrosive environment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a device for measuring the phase transition and concentration dynamics of oxidant decomposition, comprising:

[0008] A container coupled to a gas-liquid stirring assembly for stirring a solution inside the container; the container is also provided with a first heating assembly for heating the solution and a sensing module for monitoring solution parameters; and the container is also provided with a pressure relief assembly.

[0009] Gas supply assembly, used to input gas at a preset pressure into the container;

[0010] The concentration detection circuit includes a quasi-static concentration detection branch and a dynamic concentration detection branch. The quasi-static concentration detection branch forms a loop with the container for quasi-static concentration detection. The dynamic concentration detection branch is connected in parallel with the quasi-static concentration detection branch and its on / off state is controllable for dynamic concentration detection. A second heating component is coupled to the dynamic concentration detection branch to cooperate with the first heating component to heat the solution flowing in the dynamic concentration detection branch to a preset temperature.

[0011] The cooling component, connected to the concentration detection circuit, is used to cool the solution in the concentration detection circuit and return it to the concentration detection circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, the gas-liquid stirring assembly includes a variable frequency speed control motor, a telescopic part connected to the rotating end of the variable frequency speed control motor, and a stirrer connected to the other end of the telescopic part, wherein the stirrer is disposed inside the container.

[0013] Furthermore, the stirrer includes a central connecting part, several support parts evenly distributed and connected to the periphery of the central connecting part, and segmented arc-shaped blades connected to the end of each support part, wherein the arc surface of the blades forms a preset angle with the direction of rotation.

[0014] Furthermore, the quasi-static concentration detection branch is equipped with a second pump, a first switching valve, a first concentration measuring cylinder, and a second switching valve. The first switching valve and the second switching valve are respectively located at the inlet and outlet ends of the first concentration measuring cylinder. The first concentration measuring cylinder integrates a first thermometer for measuring the temperature of the solution inside the first concentration measuring cylinder and a first concentration measuring instrument for measuring the concentration.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the dynamic concentration detection branch is connected in parallel with the quasi-static concentration detection branch via a first three-way valve, and the other end is connected in parallel with the quasi-static concentration detection branch via a fourth switching valve. The dynamic concentration detection branch is sequentially arranged from the end closest to the fourth switching valve towards the far end with a sixth switching valve, a second concentration measuring cylinder, a high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder, and a third switching valve. The second heating component is coupled to the pipelines of the second concentration measuring cylinder and the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder, and heats the solution flowing within them. The second concentration measuring cylinder is coupled to the second thermometer and the second concentration measuring instrument, and the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder is coupled to the third thermometer and the third concentration measuring instrument.

[0016] Furthermore, the cooling assembly includes a first pump and a low-temperature test chamber, the opening of which is connected to the first pump, and the first pump is connected to the concentration detection circuit via a second three-way valve.

[0017] Furthermore, the gas supply assembly includes a second check valve, a fifth switching valve, and a gas source, with the gas source outlet connected to the upper part of the container via the fifth switching valve and the second check valve.

[0018] Furthermore, the pressure relief assembly includes a pressure relief pipeline connected to the upper part of the container, and a pressure relief valve and a first check valve disposed on the pressure relief pipeline.

[0019] Furthermore, the sensing module includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.

[0020] Furthermore, the pressure sensor is sealed on the top wall of the container, and the temperature sensor's measuring end is inserted into the solution.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. This device adopts a quasi-static and dynamic dual-condition coupling design, combined with a height-adjustable variable frequency stirring structure, which can simultaneously reproduce the low-disturbance conditions of oxidant storage and transportation and the high-speed disturbance conditions of engine operation, significantly improving the device's operating condition coverage and experimental applicability.

[0023] 2. This device uses a triple temperature control structure consisting of a first heating component inside the container, a second heating component outside the container, and a cooling component to achieve precise temperature control over a wide range of -20℃ to 80℃. It can adapt to the thermal environment requirements of electromagnetic heating to simulate space and avoid local hot spots and pipeline vibration caused by traditional heating methods.

[0024] 3. This device is equipped with parallel quasi-static and dynamic concentration detection branches, and a second heating component is connected in series in the dynamic branch. The dynamic decomposition rate can be directly measured by the concentration difference before and after heating, so as to realize continuous, real-time and accurate monitoring of the decomposition-combination process of oxidant.

[0025] 4. This device adopts a three-arm symmetrical spoke-segmented arc blade composite stirring structure, which can form a radial shear and circumferential circulation coupled flow field, eliminate stirring dead zone, reduce fluid excitation, achieve efficient gas-liquid mixing in a small enclosed space, and at the same time reduce the scouring and obstruction of the sensor, thus improving measurement accuracy.

[0026] 5. The device adopts a sealed circulation pipeline structure, and together with a check valve, pressure relief valve and pressure sensor, it forms a safety control system that can stably maintain the experimental pressure and realize the safe recovery of the medium, and is suitable for the long-term stable measurement requirements of strong oxidizing and corrosive oxidants.

[0027] 6. This device integrates concentration detection, temperature control, stirring control, and pressure control. It can quickly switch measurement modes via valves and simultaneously acquire decomposition rate, decomposition coefficient, and combination coefficient, providing complete experimental data support for the study of oxidant kinetics. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oxidant decomposition phase transition and concentration dynamic measurement device according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirrer described in this invention.

[0031] Container 1; First heating component 2; Variable frequency speed control motor 3; Stirrer 4; Pressure sensor 5; Telescopic part 6; Temperature sensor 7; First thermometer 8; First concentration measuring instrument 9; First concentration measuring cylinder 10; First switching valve 11; Second switching valve 12; Second thermometer 13; Second concentration measuring instrument 14; Second concentration measuring cylinder 15; Third thermometer 16; Third concentration measuring instrument 17; High temperature concentration measuring cylinder 18; First three-way valve 19; Third switching valve 20; Fourth switching valve 21; Second three-way valve 22; First pump 23; Low temperature test chamber 24; Pressure relief valve 25; First one-way valve 26; Second one-way valve 27; Fifth switching valve 28; Gas source 29; Sixth switching valve 30; Second pump 31; Second heating component 32. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0033] It should be noted that the descriptions of "left," "right," "left side," "right side," "upper part," "lower part," "top," and "bottom" in this invention are defined based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the described structure must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0034] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] Referring to the accompanying drawings, this embodiment describes an apparatus for measuring the phase transition and concentration dynamics of an oxidant decomposition, comprising:

[0036] Container 1 is coupled to a gas-liquid stirring assembly, which stirs the solution inside container 1. Container 1 is also equipped with a first heating assembly 2 for heating the solution and a sensing module for monitoring solution parameters. Container 1 also includes a pressure relief assembly. To facilitate observation and measurement, container 1 can be a transparent cylindrical closed container, requiring structural strength and observability. Containers with these characteristics and that do not react with the oxidant solution can be used in this application. The first heating assembly 2 is specifically a heating rod, with one end inserted into container 1 below the solution surface for easy heating. Other types of heating assemblies can also be used, not limited to heating rods. The sensing module specifically includes a pressure sensor 5 and a temperature sensor 7. The pressure sensor 5 is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the upper right side of container 1 for real-time monitoring of pressure changes inside the container. The temperature sensor 7 is located in the upper left side of container 1, with its sensing part (temperature measuring end) directly extending below the oxidant liquid inside the container to achieve direct detection of the solution temperature.

[0037] A gas supply assembly is used to input gas at a preset pressure into container 1. Specifically, the gas supply assembly includes a second one-way valve 27, a fifth switching valve 28, and a gas source 29. The outlet of the gas source 29 is connected to the upper part of container 1 via the fifth switching valve 28 and the second one-way valve 27. The gas source 29 can be configured as a high-pressure gas cylinder filled with experimental gas. Its outlet is connected to the upper part of container 1 via the fifth switching valve 28 and the second one-way valve 27, used to unidirectionally fill container 1 with experimental gas at a preset pressure. Correspondingly, there is a pressure relief assembly, which specifically includes a pressure relief pipeline connected to the upper part of container 1 and a pressure relief valve 25 and a first one-way valve 26 installed on the pressure relief pipeline. When necessary, excess gas in container 1 can be directionally discharged to ensure pressure stability within the device system.

[0038] The concentration detection circuit includes a quasi-static concentration detection branch and a dynamic concentration detection branch. The quasi-static concentration detection branch forms a loop with container 1 for quasi-static concentration detection. The dynamic concentration detection branch is connected in parallel with the quasi-static concentration detection branch and its on / off state is controllable for dynamic concentration detection. A second heating component 32 is coupled to the dynamic concentration detection branch, which works in conjunction with the first heating component 2 to heat the solution flowing within the dynamic concentration detection branch to a preset temperature. To improve the flexibility of the device's layout, all pipes within the concentration detection circuit can be connected using flexible hoses. The concentration detection circuit is specifically fixed above container 1 to achieve gas-liquid circulation.

[0039] The cooling component, connected to the concentration detection circuit, is used to cool the solution in the concentration detection circuit and return it to the concentration detection circuit.

[0040] In this embodiment, the gas-liquid stirring assembly includes a variable frequency speed control motor 3, a telescopic part 6 connected to the rotating end of the variable frequency speed control motor 3, and a stirrer 4 connected to the other end of the telescopic part 6. The stirrer 4 is disposed inside the container 1. The rotating end of the variable frequency speed control motor 3 is directly connected to the telescopic part 6 or connected through a transmission assembly to transmit speed-adjustable power to the telescopic part 6, causing the telescopic part 6 to drive the stirrer 4 to rotate. The telescopic part 6 is specifically configured as a telescopic rod, and the specific structural form can be reasonably arranged according to actual conditions. The stirrer 4 is a three-arm symmetrical spoke-segmented arc-shaped blade composite structure, including a central connecting part 4-1, three support parts 4-2 evenly distributed at 120° and connected to the periphery of the central connecting part, and segmented arc-shaped blades 4-3 connected to the end of each support part. The arc surface of the blades forms a preset angle with the direction of rotation. The support parts 4-2 are specifically configured as spokes, but the number and structural form are not limited thereto. It can create a coupled flow field of radial shear and circumferential circulation, eliminating the stirring dead zone, reducing fluid excitation, and achieving efficient gas-liquid mixing in a small, enclosed space. Simultaneously, it reduces scouring and obstruction of the sensor, improving measurement accuracy. Furthermore, the height-adjustable design allows for adjustments to the rotational speed and height according to different operating conditions, simulating various needs and increasing the device's adjustment flexibility.

[0041] In this embodiment, the quasi-static concentration detection branch is equipped with a second pump 31, a first switching valve 11, a first concentration measuring cylinder 10, and a second switching valve 12. The first switching valve 11 and the second switching valve 12 are respectively located at the inlet and outlet ends of the first concentration measuring cylinder 10. The first concentration measuring cylinder 10 integrates a first thermometer 8 for measuring the temperature of the solution inside and a first concentration measuring instrument 9 for measuring the concentration. The first thermometer 8 is directly inserted into the first concentration measuring cylinder 10 to measure the temperature of the oxidant solution under quasi-static conditions. The oxidant solution in the transparent container 1 enters the concentration measuring cylinder through the switching valve 11. After measurement, it flows through the pipeline via the switching valve 12 and is recovered via three-way valves 19 and 22. The first concentration measuring instrument 9 is positioned at a suitable location in the first concentration measuring cylinder 10 to measure the concentration of the overflowing oxidant solution. The second pump 31 drives the solution to move within the pipeline.

[0042] In this embodiment, one end of the dynamic concentration detection branch is connected in parallel with the quasi-static concentration detection branch via the first three-way valve 19, and the other end is connected in parallel with the quasi-static concentration detection branch via the fourth switching valve 21. The dynamic concentration detection branch is provided with a sixth switching valve 30, a second concentration measuring cylinder 15, a high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder 18, and a third switching valve 20 in sequence from the end closest to the fourth switching valve 21 to the far end. The second heating component 32 is coupled to the pipeline between the second concentration measuring cylinder 15 and the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder 18 and heats the solution flowing inside. The second concentration measuring cylinder 15 is coupled to the second thermometer 13 and the second concentration measuring instrument 14, and the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder 18 is coupled to the third thermometer 16 and the third concentration measuring instrument 17. The second heating component 32 is specifically configured as an electromagnetic induction heating device, which is connected to the outer wall of the pipeline between the second concentration measuring cylinder 15 and the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder 18 by winding. It provides uniform, non-contact heating of the flowing solution to achieve temperature control. Depending on the actual situation, the second heating component 32 can also be configured as other types of non-contact or contact heating components, not limited to electromagnetic induction heating devices. The connection methods of the thermometer and concentration detector for the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder 18 and the second concentration measuring cylinder 15 are the same as those for the first concentration measuring cylinder 10, and will not be elaborated further. During high-temperature dynamic concentration measurement, the fourth switch valve 21 is opened. The oxidant solution first flows through the second concentration measuring cylinder 15, then is heated by the second heating component 32 before entering the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder 18, thus achieving dynamic measurement of the decomposition rate. The oxidant solution flowing through the concentration detection component is recovered through the pipeline. To stop the measurement, the fourth switch valve 21 is closed. The connection and measurement control method of the second concentration measuring cylinder 15 are the same as those of the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder 18.

[0043] In this embodiment, the cooling assembly includes a first pump 23 and a low-temperature test chamber 24. The opening of the low-temperature test chamber 24 is connected to the first pump 23, and the first pump 23 is connected to the concentration detection circuit via a second three-way valve 22. The oxidant fluid in container 1 enters the first pump 23 through the fourth switching valve 21 and the second three-way valve 22, and is then transported by the first pump 23 to the low-temperature test chamber 24 for cooling, thereby obtaining the low-temperature oxidant medium required for the experiment, meeting the requirements for measuring the decomposition-combination characteristics under low-temperature conditions. The cooled oxidant solution can be transported to the second concentration measuring cylinder 15 for low-temperature concentration detection, and finally returned to the transparent cylindrical container through the pipeline, realizing the recycling of the medium. The heating rods work in conjunction with the low-temperature test chamber 24 to regulate the temperature of the oxidant solution inside the container, achieving temperature adjustment in the medium-high temperature range of 30℃ to 80℃. Together with the second heating component 32, they form a dual temperature control structure to adapt to the heating simulation requirements of different heat flux densities. The heating rods are arranged in multiple uniform groups, which can ensure that the oxidant solution inside the container is heated evenly. Combined with the stirring action of the stirring component, local hot spots are avoided, ensuring the accuracy of temperature control.

[0044] In operation, first determine the required oxidant and liquid flow rates to ensure a continuous supply of liquid. When starting the experiment, high-pressure gas is introduced into container 1 via a pipeline. Adjust the variable frequency speed control motor 3, and control the stirring speed of the stirrer 4 via the telescopic part 6 to achieve uniform and stable absorption and desorption of the gas. Simultaneously observe the readings of the pressure sensor 5 and temperature sensor 7. At this time, both the fourth switch valve 21 and the first switch valve 11 are closed. After determining the motor operating frequency, wait for the readings of the two sensors to stabilize, and check for water or gas leaks in the transparent enclosure. Once the experimental platform reaches a steady state, close the pressure relief valve 25 to gradually increase the internal pressure of container 1. When the pressure reaches the required level, close the first one-way valve 26; at this point, gas from the gas source 29 will no longer enter container 1.

[0045] When starting the experiment, high-pressure gas from gas source 29 is introduced into container 1. The operating frequency of variable frequency speed control motor 3 is adjusted, and the stirring speed of the three-arm symmetrical spoke-segmented arc blade composite stirrer 4 is controlled through the telescopic part 6 to achieve uniform and stable mixing of gas and oxidant. At the same time, the readings of pressure sensor 5 and temperature sensor 7 are monitored in real time. At this time, all switch valves in the concentration detection circuit are in the closed state. After the motor operating frequency stabilizes and the readings of pressure sensor 5 and temperature sensor 7 tend to be constant, the sealing and operating status of each part of the device are checked again.

[0046] After the experimental system reaches a steady state, close the pressure relief valve at the top of container 1 to gradually increase the internal pressure of container 1; when the pressure rises to the value required for the experiment, close the second one-way valve 27 between the gas supply component and container 1 to stop the high-pressure gas supply and maintain the pressure inside container 1.

[0047] For dynamic measurement under high-temperature conditions, the fourth switch valve 21 is opened, and the oxidant solution in container 1 flows through the pipeline to the second heating component 32. After being uniformly heated without contact, it enters the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder 18. At this time, the third thermometer 16 on the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder 18 measures the oxidant temperature in real time, and the third concentration measuring instrument 17 continuously monitors the dynamic changes in oxidant concentration. The corresponding reflux switch valve and three-way valve are kept open, and the oxidant liquid in the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder 18 flows back to container 1 through the loop pipeline, completing the medium recovery and realizing the dynamic and continuous measurement of the oxidant decomposition rate under high-temperature conditions.

[0048] For dynamic measurement under low-temperature conditions, keep switch valve 30 closed, open the fourth switch valve 21, the second switch valve 12, and the first switch valve 11, and open the first three-way valve 19. The oxidant in container 1 enters the low-temperature test chamber 24 through the concentration detection circuit, the fourth switch valve 21, the second three-way valve 22, and the first pump 23 to complete the cooling treatment, realizing the low-temperature pipeline flow experiment from -20℃ to 30℃. After cooling, the oxidant enters the first concentration measuring cylinder 10 through the pipeline, and the temperature and concentration under low-temperature conditions are detected by the first thermometer 8 and the first concentration measuring instrument 9. After the detection is completed, the oxidant flows back to container 1 through the corresponding first switch valve 11 and the second pump 31 to realize solution recovery.

[0049] Temperature regulation and measurement: Further research on experimental variable parameters will be conducted. When it is necessary to raise the temperature of the oxidant solution to 30°C to 80°C, the first heating component 2 at the bottom of container 1 will be energized to raise the overall temperature of the solution. At the same time, the variable frequency speed control motor 3 will be started to stir, so that the oxidant solution is heated more evenly. When the solution needs to be cooled, the corresponding switch valve of the cooling component will be opened, and the solution will enter the low temperature test chamber 24 through the pipeline to complete the cooling. When all the switch valves of the concentration detection circuit are closed at the same time, the oxidant solution in container 1 can be statically heated to realize the static measurement of decomposition-combination characteristics under variable temperature conditions.

[0050] End of experiment: After completing the measurements of all operating conditions, first turn off the variable frequency speed control motor 3, heating components, circulating pump and other electrical equipment, then slowly open the pressure relief valve 25 to release the pressure in container 1, and finally open the main pipeline valve to recover the oxidant medium in the system to the storage tank, complete the experiment and clean and maintain the system.

[0051] The measurement mode employs a parallel switching between quasi-static and dynamic concentration detection branches. This not only meets the concentration monitoring requirements under low-disturbance, quasi-static conditions such as oxidizer ground storage, but also enables real-time measurement of decomposition rates under high-speed disturbances and dynamic conditions of variable temperature and pressure during engine operation. A second heating component is incorporated into the dynamic concentration detection branch, forming a triple temperature control system together with the first heating and cooling components within the container. This system achieves rapid, uniform, and hot-spot-free temperature regulation across a wide temperature range of -20℃ to 80℃, adapting to simulated spatial environments such as electromagnetic heating and effectively avoiding pipeline vibration and measurement deviations caused by traditional heating methods. The stirring mechanism utilizes a three-arm symmetrical spoke-segmented arc-shaped blade composite structure, coupled with frequency conversion speed regulation and height extension adjustment, to create a coupled radial shear and circumferential circulation flow field within a small, enclosed cavity. This eliminates dead zones in the stirring, reduces fluid vibration, and minimizes erosion and corrosion of the sensing elements, thereby improving measurement stability and service life. The entire system adopts a closed-loop pipeline design, and is equipped with check valves, pressure relief valves and pressure monitoring units to achieve stable system pressure control and safe recovery of strong oxidizing media, meeting the reliability requirements of long-term continuous testing.

[0052] In summary, this application fundamentally solves the technical challenges of existing testing devices, such as single-condition simulation, narrow temperature and pressure regulation range, slow rate of change, poor sensor adaptability, and inability to simultaneously handle quasi-static and dynamic measurements, by organically combining multiple technical means, including dual-condition measurement, graded precise temperature control, efficient and low-disturbance stirring, and fully enclosed safe operation. The various components form a mutually supportive and synergistic overall effect in terms of flow field optimization, temperature control, concentration detection, and safety assurance: heating and cooling work together to achieve precise control across the entire temperature range; stirring and circulation work together to improve the uniformity of gas-liquid mass transfer; dual-branch measurement works together to cover the entire life cycle of operating conditions; and sealing and pressure relief work together to ensure stable operation under harsh media. Ultimately, this significantly improves the device's ability to reproduce operating conditions, measurement accuracy, environmental adaptability, and safety stability. It can accurately obtain the kinetic parameters of the entire oxidant decomposition-combination process, providing reliable experimental support for the optimized design of spacecraft propulsion systems, on-orbit refueling technology verification, and oxidant storage safety assessment, demonstrating outstanding technical effects and practical application value.

[0053] The sensors, controllers, and control algorithms mentioned above all use existing technologies and will not be elaborated upon.

[0054] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for measuring a phase transition and a concentration of an oxidizer decomposition dynamically, characterized by, include: The container (1) is coupled to a gas-liquid stirring assembly, which is used to stir the solution in the container (1). The container (1) is also provided with a first heating assembly (2) for heating the solution and a sensing module for monitoring solution parameters. The container (1) is also provided with a pressure relief assembly. A gas supply assembly for supplying gas at a preset pressure into the container (1); The concentration detection circuit includes a quasi-static concentration detection branch and a dynamic concentration detection branch. The quasi-static concentration detection branch forms a loop with the container (1) for quasi-static concentration detection. The dynamic concentration detection branch is connected in parallel with the quasi-static concentration detection branch and its on / off state is controllable for dynamic concentration detection. A second heating component (32) is coupled to the dynamic concentration detection branch for cooperating with the first heating component (2) to heat the solution flowing in the dynamic concentration detection branch to a preset temperature. The cooling component, connected to the concentration detection circuit, is used to cool the solution in the concentration detection circuit and return it to the concentration detection circuit.

2. The device for measuring phase change and concentration dynamics of oxidant decomposition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-liquid stirring assembly includes a variable frequency speed control motor (3), a telescopic part (6) connected to the rotating end of the variable frequency speed control motor (3), and a stirrer (4) connected to the other end of the telescopic part (6), wherein the stirrer (4) is disposed inside the container (1).

3. The device for measuring phase change and concentration dynamics of oxidant decomposition according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stirrer (4) includes a central connecting part (4-1), several support parts (4-2) evenly distributed and connected to the periphery of the central connecting part, and segmented arc-shaped blades (4-3) connected to the end of each support part, wherein the arc surface of the blades forms a preset angle with the direction of rotation.

4. The device for measuring the phase transition and concentration dynamics of oxidant decomposition according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The quasi-static concentration detection branch is equipped with a second pump (31), a first switching valve (11), a first concentration measuring cylinder (10), and a second switching valve (12). The first switching valve (11) and the second switching valve (12) are respectively located at the inlet and outlet of the first concentration measuring cylinder (10). The first concentration measuring cylinder (10) integrates a first thermometer (8) for measuring the temperature of the solution inside the first concentration measuring cylinder (10) and a first concentration measuring instrument (9) for measuring the concentration.

5. The device for measuring phase change and concentration dynamics of oxidant decomposition according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the dynamic concentration detection branch is connected in parallel with the quasi-static concentration detection branch via the first three-way valve (19), and the other end is connected in parallel with the quasi-static concentration detection branch via the fourth switch valve (21). The dynamic concentration detection branch is provided with a sixth switch valve (30), a second concentration measuring cylinder (15), a high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder (18), and a third switch valve (20) in sequence from the end closest to the fourth switch valve (21) to the far end. The second heating component (32) is coupled to the pipeline between the second concentration measuring cylinder (15) and the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder (18) and heats the solution flowing inside. The second concentration measuring cylinder (15) is coupled to the second thermometer (13) and the second concentration measuring instrument (14), and the high-temperature concentration measuring cylinder (18) is coupled to the third thermometer (16) and the third concentration measuring instrument (17).

6. The device for measuring phase transition and concentration dynamics of oxidant decomposition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling assembly includes a first pump (23) and a low-temperature test chamber (24). The opening end of the low-temperature test chamber (24) is connected to the first pump (23), and the first pump (23) is connected to the concentration detection circuit via a second three-way valve (22).

7. The device for measuring phase change and concentration dynamics of oxidant decomposition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas supply assembly includes a second check valve (27), a fifth switch valve (28), and a gas source (29). The outlet end of the gas source (29) is connected to the upper part of the container (1) via the fifth switch valve (28) and the second check valve (27).

8. The device for measuring phase change and concentration dynamics of oxidant decomposition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief assembly includes a pressure relief pipeline connected to the upper part of the container (1) and a pressure relief valve (25) and a first check valve (26) disposed on the pressure relief pipeline.

9. The device for measuring phase transition and concentration dynamics of oxidant decomposition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing module includes a pressure sensor (5) and a temperature sensor (7).

10. The device for measuring the phase transition and concentration dynamics of oxidant decomposition according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (5) is sealed on the top wall of the container (1), and the temperature sensor (7) is inserted into the solution.

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