An apparatus for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of ice melting for wind turbines, and specifically relates to a device for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of wind turbines, including a microwave absorption coating provided on the surface of the wind turbine blade, and at least one microwave generator installed at the bottom of the wind turbine. The microwave generator faces the microwave absorption coating on the wind turbine blade through a provided microwave duct. A sensor is arranged inside the wind turbine. The microwave generator faces the wind turbine blade through the connected microwave duct. The sensor compares the deviation of the center of gravity in the working state after the wind turbine blade is not frozen and in the frozen state. If the deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, it is determined that the frozen state occurs, and then the microwave ice melting system is started. The present invention can monitor the ice layer weight in real time, and can also simulate the ice melting conditions under various situations by controlling the rotation speed and the microwave wavelength power, realizing fast and accurate measurement of the ice melting efficiency, thereby optimizing the ice melting device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ice melting for wind turbines, and particularly relates to a device for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of wind turbines. Background Art

[0002] A wind turbine is a device that converts wind energy into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy. The wind wheel rotates under the action of wind force, converting the kinetic energy of the wind into the mechanical energy of the wind wheel shaft. The generator rotates to generate electricity driven by the wind wheel shaft. A wind turbine generally consists of components such as a wind wheel, a generator (including devices), a yaw device (tail fin), a tower, a speed limiting safety mechanism, and an energy storage device. The wind wheel is a wind collection device, and its function is to convert the kinetic energy of the flowing air into the mechanical energy of the wind wheel rotation; the generator converts the rotational mechanical energy output by the wind wheel shaft into electrical energy; the yaw device enables the wind wheel of the wind turbine to always face the wind direction so as to obtain wind energy to the maximum extent; the tower is used to support the wind power generation set.

[0003] Problems existing in the prior art:

[0004] During the operation of a wind turbine, especially in cold climate conditions, the icing phenomenon on the blades will significantly affect its performance and safety. The accumulation of ice not only reduces the energy output of the wind turbine, but may also cause blade imbalance, mechanical damage, and even system failures. Traditional ice melting methods usually rely on mechanical ice scraping or heating equipment, and these methods often require shutdown operations, resulting in production interruptions and efficiency losses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of wind turbines, which can monitor the ice layer weight in real time, and can also simulate the ice melting conditions under various situations by controlling the rotation speed and microwave wavelength power, realizing fast and accurate ice melting efficiency testing, thereby optimizing the ice melting device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is specifically as follows:

[0007] A device for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of wind turbines, comprising:

[0008] A microwave absorption coating provided on the surface of the wind turbine blade;

[0009] And at least one microwave generator installed at the bottom of the wind turbine, the microwave generator facing the microwave absorption coating on the wind turbine blade through a provided microwave waveguide;

[0010] Wherein, a sensor is provided inside the wind turbine, and the microwave generator faces the wind turbine blade through a connected microwave waveguide;

[0011] The sensor compares the un-iced and iced states of the wind turbine blades, and if the deviation of the center of gravity in the working state exceeds the deviation threshold, it is determined to be an iced state and the microwave ice melting system is immediately started.

[0012] The microwave generator is electrically connected to a power supply, and the power supply is also sequentially connected to a microwave controller, a motor controller, a computer and a wind turbine.

[0013] An annular guide rail is arranged around the bottom of the wind turbine generator, a slider is slidably arranged on the annular guide rail, and the microwave generator is fixedly installed on the slider.

[0014] The sensor includes but is not limited to any one of a force sensor, an accelerometer, an inclinometer, a fiber Bragg grating sensor or a laser sensor.

[0015] The end of the microwave guide tube is provided with a universal adjustment device for adjusting the direction of the microwave guide tube.

[0016] A method for measuring the microwave de-icing efficiency of a wind turbine generator comprises the following steps:

[0017] Obtaining sensor data of the wind turbine in an un-iced state and sensor data of the wind turbine in an iced state;

[0018] Set the sensor sensing threshold range according to the sensor data in the un-iced state;

[0019] Comparing the sensor sensing threshold range with the sensor data obtained in the icing state to determine whether the wind turbine blade is in an icing state and the threshold change efficiency during the ice melting process;

[0020] The threshold change efficiency is the wind turbine microwave ice melting efficiency;

[0021] The microwave ice melting efficiency is used to dynamically adjust the wind turbine blade speed and microwave output power.

[0022] The sensor data includes any one of a set of wind turbine overall gravity data or vertical top lift data;

[0023] A set of center of gravity measurement data of the wind turbine in an un-iced state;

[0024] A set of either gravity center offset data or tilt data of the wind turbine in an icing state.

[0025] The method for determining the threshold change efficiency comprises the following steps:

[0026] Under the non - frozen state, obtain the height of the wind turbine and measure the threshold range of the wind turbine under different wind force influence states;

[0027] Under the frozen state, measure the threshold range of the wind turbine under different wind force influence states;

[0028] Set a threshold exceeding value for starting de - icing for the threshold range in the frozen state;

[0029] For a wind turbine in the state of exceeding the threshold, through ice melting, make the threshold exceeding value gradually approach the threshold range in the non - frozen state, and this process is set as the threshold change value;

[0030] The change speed of the threshold change value is the threshold change efficiency.

[0031] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer - readable storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in any one of the foregoing is implemented.

[0032] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer program product including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in any one of the foregoing is implemented.

[0033] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0034] In the present invention, the microwave emitted by the microwave waveguide irradiates on the microwave - absorbing coating, causing the microwave - absorbing coating to generate heat, thereby realizing the removal of the ice layer adsorbed on the surface of the wind turbine blade. And through the gravity of the ice layer itself, the operation of the wind turbine, and the lubricating effect of the melted water flow between the ice layer and the surface of the wind turbine blade, the melting and removal of the ice layer are realized, so as to ensure the normal operation of the wind turbine. And by the method of microwave ice melting, the ice - melting efficiency is high.

[0035] In the present invention, by using sensors to monitor the gravity and the change of the center of gravity of the wind turbine in real time, it can be judged in real time whether there is an ice layer on the wind turbine, and by adjusting the output power of the microwave waveguide, the ice - melting speed is controlled to realize the real - time optimization of the operation of the ice - melting device and the ice - melting speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic flow diagram of the method for measuring the microwave ice - melting efficiency of the wind turbine in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3It is a schematic flow chart of the method for determining the change efficiency of the determination threshold in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the transmitting end and the receiving end in the present invention.

[0040] In the drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows:

[0041] 1. Wind turbine; 2. Wind turbine blade; 3. Ice layer; 4. Sensor; 41. Transmitting end; 42. Receiving end; 5. Ring rail; 6. Microwave generator; 61. Universal adjusting device; 62. Microwave waveguide; 7. Computer; 8. Microwave controller; 9. Motor controller; 10. Power supply. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text only describes one or several specific implementation manners of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by the present invention.

[0043] As Figure 1 shown, a device for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine includes:

[0044] A microwave absorption coating provided on the surface of the wind turbine blade 2, and at least one microwave generator 6 installed at the bottom of the wind turbine 1, and the microwave generator 6 faces the microwave absorption coating on the wind turbine blade 2 through the provided microwave waveguide 62.

[0045] The principle is that the microwave emitted through the microwave waveguide 62 irradiates on the microwave absorption coating, causing the microwave absorption coating to generate heat, thereby realizing the removal of the ice layer 3 adsorbed on the surface of the wind turbine blade 2, and through the gravity of the ice layer 3 itself, and the lubricating effect of the melted water flow between the ice layer 3 and the surface of the wind turbine blade 2, realizing the melting and removal of the ice layer, so as to ensure the normal operation of the wind turbine 1, and through the method of microwave ice melting, the ice melting efficiency is high.

[0046] Optionally, the materials of the microwave absorption coating include but are not limited to: coating materials containing carbon fiber, ferrite materials, metal and its alloy powders, conductive polymers (polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, etc.), nanocomposites, etc.

[0047] Optionally, it should be noted that the microwave power and the microwave heating duration need to be selected according to the microwave heating efficiency that different materials can absorb and the maximum heat that they can withstand.

[0048] Furthermore, a sensor 4 is provided inside the wind turbine 1, and the microwave generator 6 faces the wind turbine blade 2 through the connected microwave duct 62.

[0049] Furthermore, after the sensor 4 compares the deviation of the center of gravity in the working state between the un-iced and iced states of the wind turbine blade 2, if the deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, it is determined that the icing state has occurred, and then the microwave ice melting system is activated.

[0050] As an alternative solution, the microwave generator 6 is electrically connected to the power supply 10, and the power supply 10 is also sequentially connected to a microwave controller 8, a motor controller 9, a computer 7, and the wind turbine 1.

[0051] According to the above structure, the power supply 10 provides power for all devices, and the wind turbine 1 provides power replenishment for the power supply 10, and the power supply 10 provides electrical energy for the entire system.

[0052] Optionally, the motor controller 9 is connected to at least two motors, and controls the speed of one of the motors to simulate various operating states of the wind turbine 1, such as the operating states under different wind forces, the operating states of the wind turbine 1 at different heights under wind forces, and the operating states of the wind turbine 1 in simulated rain or icing states.

[0053] Optionally, an annular guide rail 5 is provided around the bottom of the wind turbine 1, a slider is slidably provided on the annular guide rail 5, the microwave generator 6 is fixedly installed on the slider, and the motor controller 9 controls another motor installed inside the microwave generator 6 for transmission with the annular guide rail 5 to achieve de-icing of different surfaces of the wind turbine 1, and controls the de-icing time of the wind turbine 1 and the wind turbine blade 2 by controlling the operating speed.

[0054] Optionally, the microwave controller 8 is connected to the microwave generator 6, and the microwave controller 8 controls the microwave wavelength and power.

[0055] Optionally, the computer 7 is connected to the motor controller 9 and the microwave controller 8 to achieve monitoring of the ice melting efficiency, and calculation, learning, and recording of the operating mode during operation.

[0056] As an alternative solution, the sensor 4 includes but is not limited to any one of a force sensor, an accelerometer, an inclinometer, a fiber Bragg grating sensor, or a laser sensor.

[0057] Optionally, a force sensor is used to monitor the overall gravity change of the wind turbine 1.

[0058] Optionally, any one of an accelerometer, an inclinometer, a fiber Bragg grating sensor, or a laser sensor is used to monitor the tilt swing frequency and center of gravity change of the wind turbine 1 under different wind force influences.

[0059] In order to achieve ice melting for the wind turbine 1 and the wind turbine blade 2, and be able to control the ice melting area and duration, a universal adjusting device 61 for adjusting the orientation of the microwave waveguide 62 is provided at the end of the microwave waveguide 62, which is used to adjust the microwave emission orientation of the microwave waveguide 62.

[0060] Please refer to the appendix Figure 2 , a method for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine, includes the following steps:

[0061] S1. Obtain the data of the sensor 4 of the wind turbine 1 in the non-icing state and the data of the sensor 4 of the wind turbine 1 in the icing state;

[0062] S2. Set the sensor 4 induction threshold range according to the data of the sensor 4 in the non-icing state;

[0063] S3. Compare the sensor 4 induction threshold range according to the obtained data of the sensor 4 in the icing state to obtain whether the wind turbine blade 2 is in the icing state, and during the ice melting process, the threshold change efficiency;

[0064] S4. The threshold change efficiency is the microwave ice melting efficiency of the wind turbine 1;

[0065] S5. Dynamically adjust the rotation speed of the wind turbine blade 2 and the microwave output power according to the microwave ice melting efficiency.

[0066] Please refer to the appendix Figure 3 , the method for determining the threshold change efficiency includes the following steps:

[0067] S501. In the non-icing state, obtain the height of the wind turbine 1 and measure the threshold range of the wind turbine 1 under different wind force influence states;

[0068] S502. In the icing state, measure the threshold range of the wind turbine 1 under different wind force influence states;

[0069] S503. Set an overrun threshold for starting de-icing for the threshold range in the icing state;

[0070] S504. For the wind turbine 1 in the overrun threshold, through ice melting, make the overrun threshold gradually approach the threshold range in the non-icing state, and this process is set as the threshold change value;

[0071] S505. The change speed of the threshold change value is the threshold change efficiency.

[0072] Refer to the appendix Figures 1-4, the data of sensor 4 includes either a set of gravity data of the entire wind turbine 1 or vertical top lifting data;

[0073] A set of center of gravity measurement data of the wind turbine 1 in an unfrozen state;

[0074] A set of either center of gravity offset data or tilt data of the wind turbine 1 in a frozen state.

[0075] According to steps S1 to S5:

[0076] For example Figure 4 In, through a sensor, such as a laser sensor, the transmitting end 41 is installed at the bottom of the wind turbine 1, and the receiving end 42 is installed at the top of the wind turbine 1. By using the receiving end 42 to detect the signal position of the transmitting end 41 received, through experiments or during actual application, for different levels of wind conditions, detect the change range of the signal position received by the receiving end 42 under the influence of wind and during the rotation of the wind turbine blades 2, which is used to monitor and determine the center of gravity measurement data of the wind turbine 1 in an unfrozen state.

[0077] Optionally, through the sensor 4 as in Figure 1 using a force sensor, for example, to monitor the gravity data of the entire wind turbine 1.

[0078] Optionally, a force sensor or a laser sensor, etc., can be used to detect the vertical top lifting data of the entire wind turbine 1.

[0079] Optionally, when ice forms on the wind turbine 1 or on the wind turbine blades 2, its gravity will change. Therefore, the above gravity data and lifting data are used to detect whether ice has formed on the wind turbine 1.

[0080] Optionally, based on the gravity data and lifting data, a change threshold is set. If the threshold is exceeded, it is determined that the wind turbine 1 is frozen, and the factors affecting the threshold include rain, dust, etc.

[0081] Optionally, when the threshold is exceeded, it is determined that the wind turbine 1 is in a frozen state, and by combining the center offset data or tilt data, it is used to determine whether the icing position is on the wind turbine 1 body or on the wind turbine blades 2.

[0082] According to steps S501 to S505:

[0083] Example 1:

[0084] Optionally, when the data combination of the sensor 4 is a set of gravity data of the entire wind turbine 1, a set of data on the calculation of the center of gravity of the wind turbine 1 in the non-icing state, and a set of data on the center of gravity offset of the wind turbine 1 in the icing state, it is determined that the wind turbine blades 2 are in the icing state, and then the microwave ice melting program is started.

[0085] Embodiment 2:

[0086] Optionally, when the data combination of the sensor 4 is a set of vertical top lifting and lowering data of the entire wind turbine 1, a set of data on the calculation of the center of gravity of the wind turbine 1 in the non-icing state, and a set of data on the center of gravity offset of the wind turbine 1 in the icing state, it is determined that both the wind turbine 1 and the wind turbine blades 2 are in the icing state.

[0087] Embodiment 3:

[0088] Optionally, when the data of the sensor 4 is only any one of a set of gravity data or vertical top lifting and lowering data of the entire wind turbine 1, and a set of data on the calculation of the center of gravity of the wind turbine 1 in the non-icing state, it is determined that the wind turbine 1 is in the icing state.

[0089] According to the method for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of the wind turbine, which is run by the device for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of the wind turbine, by using the sensor 4 to monitor the gravity and the change of the center of gravity of the wind turbine 1 in real time, it can be determined in real time whether there is ice layer 3 on the wind turbine 1, and by adjusting the output power of the microwave duct 62, the ice melting speed can be controlled, so as to realize the real-time optimization of the operation of the ice melting device and the ice melting speed.

[0090] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in any one of the foregoing is implemented.

[0091] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer program product, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method described in any one of the foregoing is implemented.

[0092] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operation methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, are implemented according to the conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine, characterized in that Including: A microwave absorption coating provided on the surface of a wind turbine blade; And at least one microwave generator installed at the bottom of the wind turbine, and the microwave generator faces the microwave absorption coating on the wind turbine blade through a provided microwave duct; Wherein, a sensor is provided inside the wind turbine, and the microwave generator faces the wind turbine blade through a connected microwave duct; The sensor determines the deviation of the center of gravity in the working state after comparing the non-iced and iced states of the wind turbine blade. If the deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, it is determined to be the iced state, and then the microwave ice melting system is started; The method for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of the measuring device includes the following steps: Obtain the sensor data of the wind turbine in the non-iced state and the sensor data of the wind turbine in the iced state; Set the sensor data in the non-iced state as the sensor induction threshold range; Compare the sensor induction threshold range according to the obtained sensor data in the iced state to obtain whether the wind turbine blade is in the iced state and the threshold change efficiency during the ice melting process; The threshold change efficiency is the microwave ice melting efficiency of the wind turbine; Dynamically adjust the rotational speed of the wind turbine blade and the microwave output power according to the microwave ice melting efficiency; The method for determining the threshold change efficiency includes the following steps: In the non-iced state, obtain the height of the wind turbine and measure the threshold range of the wind turbine under different wind force influence states; In the iced state, measure the threshold range of the wind turbine under different wind force influence states; Set an overrun threshold for starting de-icing for the threshold range in the iced state; For the wind turbine in the overrun threshold, through ice melting, make the overrun threshold gradually approach the threshold range in the non-iced state, and this process is set as the threshold change value; The change speed of the threshold change value is the threshold change efficiency.

2. The measuring device for the microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave generator is electrically connected to a power supply, and the power supply is further sequentially connected with a microwave controller, a motor controller, a computer, and the wind turbine.

3. A device for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine, according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: A circular guide rail is provided around the bottom of the wind turbine, and a slider is slidably provided on the circular guide rail, and the microwave generator is fixedly installed on the slider.

4. A device for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine, according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sensor includes but is not limited to any one of a force sensor, an accelerometer, an inclinometer, a fiber Bragg grating sensor, or a laser sensor.

5. The measuring device for the microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine according to claim 3, wherein: A universal adjustment device for adjusting the orientation of the microwave duct is provided at the end of the microwave duct.

6. The measuring device for the microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor data includes any one of a set of gravity data of the whole wind turbine or vertical top lifting data; A set of data for calculating the center of gravity of the wind turbine in the non-iced state; Any one of a set of data on the center of gravity deviation or inclination data of the wind turbine in the iced state.

7. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in claim 1.

8. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in claim 1.

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