An efficient combustion secondary combustion chamber device and process for domestic waste flue gas

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment equipment, and in particular to a device and process for a secondary combustion chamber of domestic waste flue gas with high efficiency combustion, comprising an air intake chamber, a pyrolysis gasification furnace, a flue gas preheating mechanism and a secondary combustion mechanism, wherein one end of the air intake chamber is connected to the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the air intake chamber is provided with a combustion chamber for flue gas combustion; a flue gas preheating mechanism is provided inside the air intake chamber for preheating the combustion flue gas; a secondary combustion mechanism is provided inside the combustion chamber for secondary combustion of the flue gas; the secondary combustion mechanism comprises a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber and a heat storage component, wherein the first chamber is a flue gas mixing chamber, the second chamber is a first combustion chamber, and the third chamber is a second combustion chamber. The present invention can effectively solve the problem of continuous combustion caused by the unstable gas phase of pyrolysis flue gas, and through the optimized design of the heating component, multiple heating of the pyrolysis flue gas can be achieved, significantly improving the efficiency and stability of secondary combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal equipment, and in particular to a secondary combustion chamber device and process for efficiently burning domestic garbage smoke. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of domestic waste generated has skyrocketed. As an important waste disposal method, waste incineration has gained widespread adoption worldwide, offering significant advantages such as volume and quantity reduction, as well as energy recovery. However, the flue gas produced during waste incineration poses a serious environmental pollution problem. The flue gas produced by waste incineration contains a large number of harmful substances, such as acid gases, dioxins, and incompletely burned combustible gases. If these pollutants are discharged directly without effective treatment, they will cause significant harm to the atmospheric environment, ecosystems, and human health.

[0003] To reduce pollutant emissions in flue gas, secondary combustion technology has emerged. Traditional secondary combustion chambers are designed to further oxidize and decompose combustible gases in the flue gas after primary combustion, thereby reducing harmful gas emissions. However, in actual operation, many problems still exist. One key issue is the unstable gas phase of the flue gas. First, during the collection and processing of domestic waste, due to seasonal differences, the moisture content of waste collected in the rainy season is higher. After direct pyrolysis, the flue gas temperature is lower than that in the dry season, making it more difficult to ignite. Second, during the process of being diverted from the primary combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber, the flue gas inevitably exchanges heat with the surrounding environment, causing its temperature to drop significantly. When the low-temperature flue gas enters the secondary combustion chamber, it not only significantly increases the difficulty of ignition during the secondary combustion, but also seriously affects combustion efficiency and stability. When the flue gas temperature is below the ignition point of the combustible gas, a large amount of additional energy is required to provide the heat required for ignition. Moreover, during the combustion process, the low temperature and slow combustion reaction rate make it difficult to fully burn the combustible gas, resulting in increased emissions of incomplete combustion products, further exacerbating environmental pollution. Furthermore, traditional secondary combustion chambers are often structurally simple and lack effective heating and preheating mechanisms. This prevents the flue gas entering the combustion chamber from being heated multiple times and efficiently, making it difficult to maintain the ideal high temperature during combustion. This is a key factor contributing to the low efficiency of secondary combustion.

[0004] In view of the obvious shortcomings of traditional domestic waste flue gas secondary combustion technology in treating low-temperature flue gas and improving combustion efficiency, we have designed a secondary combustion chamber device that uses the heat released by the secondary combustion chamber itself and the waste heat for heating. It can effectively solve the problems of unstable flue gas phase and combustion difficulties caused by too low temperature during the high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification process of waste treatment. Through the optimized design of the heating component, multiple heating of the flue gas can be achieved, which significantly improves the efficiency and stability of the secondary combustion, thereby minimizing the emission of pollutants in the flue gas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a secondary combustion chamber device and process for domestic waste flue gas with high efficiency, which can effectively solve the problem of continuous combustion caused by the unstable gas phase of flue gas, and through the optimized heating component design, it can achieve multiple heating of the flue gas, significantly improving the secondary combustion efficiency and stability.

[0006] The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is:

[0007] A high-efficiency secondary combustion chamber device for domestic waste flue gas comprises an air intake chamber, a combustion chamber, a flue gas preheating mechanism and a secondary combustion mechanism, one end of the air intake chamber is connected to a pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the air intake chamber is provided with a combustion chamber for flue gas combustion; a flue gas preheating mechanism is provided inside the air intake chamber for preheating the combustion flue gas; a secondary combustion mechanism is provided inside the combustion chamber for secondary combustion of the flue gas; the secondary combustion mechanism comprises a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber and a heat storage component, the first chamber is a flue gas mixing chamber, the second chamber is a first combustion chamber, and the third chamber is a second combustion chamber; a heat storage component is provided between the first chamber and the second chamber for reheating the flue gas.

[0008] Optionally, the flue gas preheating mechanism includes a smoke return duct, a heating chamber and a second air outlet, wherein the heating chamber is arranged inside the air inlet chamber, and one end of the heating chamber is connected to the first air outlet on the third chamber through the smoke return duct, and the other end of the heating chamber is connected to the purifier through the second air outlet.

[0009] Optionally, the heat storage component includes a high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate, a high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick, heat storage balls and air holes. The high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick is arranged inside the combustion chamber through the high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate, and the high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick is provided with a number of heat storage balls and air holes to heat the flue gas passing through.

[0010] Optionally, the combustion chamber is a cylindrical hollow cavity structure with openings at both ends, and a heat-resistant insulation cotton layer and a fire-resistant layer are provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber, and the heat-resistant insulation cotton layer is located between the fire-resistant layer and the outer wall of the combustion chamber; a first combustion observation port, a second combustion observation port and an oxygen increase adjustment port are provided on the outside of the combustion chamber, and the first combustion observation port and the second combustion observation port are respectively provided corresponding to the third chamber and the second chamber, and the oxygen increase adjustment port is provided relative to the first chamber.

[0011] Optionally, an observation platform is provided on the upper part of the combustion chamber, and a smoke collection trough and a pressure relief mechanism are provided on the lower part of the combustion chamber for collecting dust and releasing pressure after combustion; an observation ladder, a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor are provided on the outer wall of the combustion chamber, and the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively provided corresponding to the third chamber and the second chamber for sensing the internal combustion temperature.

[0012] Optionally, an air intake pipe is provided inside the air intake chamber, and one end of the air intake pipe is connected to the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the air intake pipe passes through the heating chamber and is connected to the interior of the first chamber.

[0013] Optionally, one end of the air inlet chamber is provided with a secondary combustion chamber smoke outlet observation port, a secondary combustion chamber return smoke observation port, a smoke detection sampling port and a smoke temperature sensor for observing the smoke state during return smoke preheating.

[0014] Optionally, the second chamber and the third chamber, and the top of the third chamber are all provided with heat storage components to heat the flue gas multiple times.

[0015] A domestic waste pyrolysis treatment process includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Automatically introduce domestic waste into the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and then use the scraping mechanism to level the waste.

[0017] S2. First ignition: The heating equipment inside the pyrolysis gasifier gradually heats the garbage to the temperature required for pyrolysis reaction, causing the garbage to undergo pyrolysis reaction in an oxygen-deficient or oxygen-free environment, generating pyrolysis gas and liquid and solid residues;

[0018] S3. The flue gas generated in step S2 enters the secondary combustion mechanism through the air inlet chamber, and after adding an appropriate amount of air, the first combustion and the second combustion are performed;

[0019] S4. The flue gas after secondary combustion in the secondary combustion mechanism is reintroduced into the air intake chamber through the flue gas preheating mechanism to reheat the air intake pipe to achieve the purpose of preheating;

[0020] S5. In step S4, the heated flue gas is introduced from the second gas outlet and then enters the purification equipment and the pyrolysis gasification furnace through the diversion pipe, so as to reheat the garbage during pyrolysis and gasification and purify the tail gas.

[0021] In step S5, a digitally controlled valve is provided on the diversion pipeline, which is opened as needed to guide the flue gas into the purification equipment or the pyrolysis gasification furnace.

[0022] Optionally, in step S1, the pyrolysis gasification furnace includes a furnace body, a pyrolysis chamber, a sealing mechanism and a feeding mechanism. The furnace body is a rectangular hollow cavity structure with an upper opening, and the interior of the furnace body is connected to the pyrolysis chamber through a fixed bracket. A feeding mechanism is provided on the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber for uniformly introducing garbage; the feeding mechanism includes a support plate, a feed hopper, a discharge pipe, a connecting hole and a feeding mechanism. The support plate is movably connected to the connecting rod on the furnace body through a movable connecting hole on the side, and the side of the support plate is connected to the first hydraulic cylinder on the furnace body to form an upper and lower propulsion structure.

[0023] Optionally, the feed hopper is a rectangular hollow structure with an opening at the top, and a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom of the feed hopper, and the discharge pipe is movably connected to the connecting hole of the support plate, a bearing is provided between the discharge pipe and the connecting hole, a first sprocket is provided on the outer wall of the discharge pipe, and the first sprocket is connected to the second sprocket on the output shaft of the first drive motor through a first chain to form a rotating structure; the first drive motor is arranged at the lower part of the support plate through a motor support.

[0024] Optionally, a feeding mechanism is provided at the lower part of the discharge pipe, and the feeding mechanism includes a first feeding pipe, a first material guide trough, a second material guide trough, a movable connecting rod and a pressure spring. One end of the first feeding pipe is connected to the tail of the discharge pipe, and a first material guide trough is provided on the other end of the first feeding pipe, and a second material guide trough is movably provided on the first material guide trough; the second material guide trough is movably connected to the second slide bar on the first material guide trough through the second slide groove on the side, and a first fixed plate is provided on the side of the second material guide trough, and the first fixed plate is movably connected to the second fixed plate on the outer wall of the first feeding pipe through a movable connecting rod, and a pressure spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable connecting rod to form an elastic structure; one end of the movable connecting rod is connected to the winding wheel on the fixed sleeve through a steel wire rope; the winding wheel is provided on the rotating shaft of the fixed sleeve, and the rotating shaft is connected to the second driving motor.

[0025] Optionally, a scraping mechanism is also provided on the outer wall of the first feeding pipe, and the scraping mechanism includes a fixer, a movable sleeve, a driving arm, a rack, a gear, a scraper and a third driving motor. The fixer is arranged on the first feeding pipe through a connecting hole, and a movable sleeve is provided at one end of the fixer, and a driving arm is provided inside the movable sleeve, and a scraper is provided at one end of the driving arm for scraping the garbage; the driving arm is slidably connected to the third sliding groove inside the movable sleeve through third sliding bars on both sides, and a rack is provided on the driving arm, and the rack is meshed with the gear on the movable sleeve, the gear is provided on the second rotating shaft, and one end of the second rotating shaft is connected to the third driving motor through a coupling.

[0026] Optionally, a sealing mechanism is also included, which includes a propulsion platform, a receiving support frame, a second hydraulic cylinder and an external connecting rod. The propulsion platform is movably connected to the fourth slide bar on the inner wall of the external connecting rod through a fourth slide groove on the side, and the external connecting rod is arranged on one side of the furnace body. A receiving support frame is provided at the upper part of the propulsion platform, and a second hydraulic cylinder is provided on the receiving support frame. The output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the sealing cover, and one end of the propulsion platform is connected to the third hydraulic cylinder on the external connecting rod to form a propulsion structure.

[0027] Optionally, a rectangular opening is provided on one side of the furnace body, and an opening and closing door is provided on the rectangular opening; a smoke outlet pipe is provided on one side of the furnace body, and the smoke outlet pipe is connected to the air inlet chamber, and a smoke return pipe is provided on the other side of the furnace body, and the smoke return pipe is connected to the diversion pipe.

[0028] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] 1. The present invention is designed with an air intake chamber and a combustion chamber, wherein the air intake chamber is used to introduce the flue gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification furnace into the combustion chamber, and a flue gas preheating mechanism is set inside the air intake chamber, which can re-introduce the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber into the heating chamber, preheat the flue gas on the air intake pipe, and then introduce it into the purification equipment. This can not only realize the recycling of waste heat, but also preheat the flue gas poured in later, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of subsequent flue gas combustion.

[0030] 2. The present invention designs an independent combustion chamber, which is provided with a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber. The first chamber is used for mixing flue gas and air and ignited by a combustion-supporting material. The ignited flue gas enters the second chamber and the third chamber and burns again. Among them, the combustion of the second chamber and the third chamber requires a higher temperature. Therefore, we designed a heat storage component, which stores heat in the heat storage ball in the early stage through a high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate, and quickly heats it when the subsequent flue gas enters. In addition, the special arrangement of the heat storage material increases the residence time of the flue gas, thereby achieving the purpose of fast and efficient combustion, and effectively improving the secondary combustion efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the secondary combustion mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is the right view of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a top view of the combustion chamber of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a partial structural diagram of the heat storage component of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the pyrolysis gasification furnace of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a partial front view of the pyrolysis gasification furnace of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 It is a partial structural diagram of the sealing mechanism of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the pyrolysis gasification furnace of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 12 It is the front view of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material transfer mechanism of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed hopper part of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the scraping mechanism of the present invention.

[0046] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are: 1-air inlet chamber, 2-combustion chamber, 3-pressure relief mechanism, 4-oxygen regulation port, 5-first combustion observation port, 6-secondary combustion mechanism, 601-first chamber, 602-second chamber, 603-second chamber, 604-smoke collection tank, 605-air inlet pipe, 7-heat storage component, 701-high aluminum heat storage hole plate, 702-heat storage ball, 703-high aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick, 704-air vent, 8-smoke preheating mechanism, 801-smoke return pipe, 802- Heating chamber, 803-second air outlet, 9-feeding mechanism, 901-first feeding pipe, 902-first guide trough, 903-second guide trough, 904-first fixed plate, 905-movable connecting rod, 906-second fixed plate, 907-pressure spring, 908-wire rope, 909-fixing sleeve, 910-rewinding wheel, 911-second drive motor, 10-second combustion observation port, 11-second combustion chamber smoke observation port, 12-second combustion chamber return smoke observation port, 13-smoke detection sampling port, 14-smoke Air temperature sensor, 15-Observation platform, 16-First temperature sensor, 17-Second temperature sensor, 18-Observation ladder, 19-Furnace body, 20-Feeding mechanism, 2001-Support plate, 2002-Feeding hopper, 2003-Active connection hole, 2004-Motor support, 2005-Feeding pipe, 2006-First drive motor, 2007-First chain, 2008-First sprocket, 2005-Feeding pipe, 2010-Bearing, 2011-Connecting hole, 21-Sealing mechanism, 210 1-propulsion platform, 2102-fourth slide, 2103-support frame, 2104-second hydraulic cylinder, 2105-external connecting rod, 2106-sealing cover, 22-pyrolysis chamber, 23-fixed bracket, 24-smoke outlet pipe, 25-opening and closing door, 26-scraping mechanism, 2601-fixer, 2602-connecting hole, 2603-movable sleeve, 2604-third drive motor, 2605-gear, 2606-drive arm, 2607-third slide, 2608-rack, 27-smoke return pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is hereby stated that any directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "inside," and "outside" that appear or will appear herein are based solely on the accompanying drawings and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0048] As attached Figures 1-6As shown, a domestic waste flue gas secondary combustion chamber device with high efficiency combustion includes an air inlet chamber 1, a combustion chamber 2, a flue gas preheating mechanism 8 and a secondary combustion mechanism 6. One end of the air inlet chamber 1 is connected to the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the air inlet chamber 1 is provided with a combustion chamber 2 for flue gas combustion; the interior of the air inlet chamber 1 is provided with a flue gas preheating mechanism 8 for preheating the combustion flue gas; the interior of the combustion chamber 2 is provided with a secondary combustion mechanism 6 for secondary combustion of the flue gas; the secondary combustion mechanism 6 includes a first chamber 601, a second chamber 603, a third chamber 602 and a heat storage component 7, the first chamber 601 is a flue gas mixing chamber, the second chamber 603 is a first combustion chamber, and the third chamber 603 is a second combustion chamber; a heat storage component 7 is provided between the first chamber 601 and the second chamber 603 for reheating the flue gas.

[0049] It should be noted that in the process of incineration of domestic waste, secondary combustion has multiple extremely critical purposes. The first is the reduction of pollutant emissions. Due to the complex and diverse composition of domestic waste, the initial high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification is often difficult to completely convert the combustible substances therein, and will produce a large amount of harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, methane, tar, total hydrocarbons, and various organic pollutants, such as volatile organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and even highly toxic dioxins. Secondary combustion can completely oxidize carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide by adding sufficient oxygen and increasing the temperature, decompose organic pollutants, and avoid the flue gas in the temperature range where dioxins are easily generated, thereby effectively reducing pollutant emissions. The traditional secondary combustion method generally directly ignites the flue gas to achieve re-combustion. However, this technology has great defects. First, the flue gas in During the diversion process, it will cool down over time, and it will be difficult to ignite it after entering the secondary combustion chamber. Secondly, due to the different components in the flue gas, the temperature required for combustion is also different, and incomplete combustion will still occur. Moreover, the temperature of the flue gas entering the combustion chamber is relatively low, and it takes a long time to heat it and ignite it. It is necessary to add combustion-supporting materials to improve the combustion efficiency. Generally, gasoline, coal or electricity are used. The addition of combustion-supporting materials will increase operating costs and increase carbon emissions, which does not meet the industry's carbon emission requirements. Based on this, we designed a garbage flue gas secondary combustion chamber, which preheats the introduced flue gas through a flue gas preheating mechanism 8, and before entering the combustion chamber 2, it can reduce the ignition time, and a heat storage component 7 is provided inside the combustion chamber 2, which can continuously heat the internal flue gas, thereby improving the combustion efficiency.

[0050] It should be further explained that three chambers are set inside the combustion chamber 2, namely the first chamber 601, the second chamber 602 and the third chamber 603. The first chamber 601 is located at the bottom of the combustion chamber 2, and is used to introduce the flue gas and mix it with the air, and then ignite it for the first time through the combustion-supporting material. The flue gas will burn in the second chamber 602, which is the first step of combustion. After combustion, the flue gas enters the third chamber 603 for re-burning, so that the flue gas is burned completely.

[0051] It should be noted that in the process of incineration of domestic waste, the secondary combustion mechanism 6 adopted in this design is unique. In the initial combustion stage, the heat storage component 7 equipped inside it can continuously absorb and store heat, like an efficient "heat storage tank". When entering the subsequent combustion link, the heat storage component 7 will release the stored heat energy to accurately provide the required starting temperature for the next round of combustion, effectively making up for the temperature shortage problem caused by heat loss in the traditional combustion process; when the second combustion is carried out, the flue gas will cleverly perform secondary heating on the flue gas in the process of flowing through the heat storage component 7 and entering the second chamber 602. This key step not only significantly increases the temperature of the flue gas, allowing it to reach the ideal combustion state more quickly, but also changes the direction of the flue gas flow, prolongs the residence time of the flue gas, etc., greatly shortening the time required for flue gas combustion, and effectively promoting the rapid progress of the combustion reaction, thereby comprehensively improving the combustion efficiency and providing solid and reliable technical support and guarantee for the efficient and clean incineration of domestic waste.

[0052] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the flue gas preheating mechanism 8 includes a smoke return duct 801, a heating chamber 802 and a second air outlet 803. The heating chamber 802 is arranged inside the air inlet chamber 1, and one end of the heating chamber 802 is connected to the first air outlet on the third chamber 603 through the smoke return duct 801, and the other end of the heating chamber 802 is connected to the purifier through the second air outlet 803.

[0053] It should be noted that the flue gas after combustion in the combustion chamber 2 still carries a large amount of heat. In order to recycle the heat energy, we have designed a heating chamber 802 inside the air intake chamber 1, and introduced the flue gas after combustion in the third chamber 603 into the heating chamber 802, and preheated the flue gas entering the internal air intake pipe 605 in advance, thereby achieving early preheating and improving combustion efficiency.

[0054] like Figures 1-6As shown, the heat storage component 7 includes a high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate 701, a high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick 703, a heat storage ball 702 and an air vent 704. The high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick 703 is arranged inside the combustion chamber 2 through the high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate 701, and a number of heat storage balls 702 and air vents 704 are arranged on the high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick 703 to heat the flue gas passing through; the combustion chamber 2 is a cylindrical hollow cavity structure with openings at both ends, and a heat-resistant insulation cotton layer and a fire-resistant layer are arranged on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 2, and the heat-resistant insulation cotton layer is located between the fire-resistant layer and the outer wall of the combustion chamber 2; a first combustion observation port 5, a second combustion observation port 10 and an oxygen increase adjustment port 4 are arranged on the outside of the combustion chamber 2, and the first combustion observation port 5 and the second combustion observation port 10 are arranged corresponding to the third chamber 603 and the second chamber 602 respectively, and the oxygen increase adjustment port 4 is arranged relative to the first chamber 601.

[0055] It should be noted that the heat storage component 7 can absorb heat energy when the flue gas burns and release heat energy in the subsequent combustion process. This structure is designed to heat the subsequent flue gas and quickly heat the flue gas to above 850°C to facilitate rapid combustion in the second chamber 602. A heat storage component 7 is also designed between the second chamber 602 and the third chamber 603. After the flue gas burns in the second chamber 602 and enters the third chamber 603, it can be heated again, and the flue gas residence time is more than 2S, and the temperature is raised to above 900°C, so that the flue gas can be fully burned, which can effectively burn out the combustible gases, dioxins, black carbon and other components in the flue gas.

[0056] It needs to be further explained that a number of heat storage balls 702 and air holes 704 are set on the upper part of our high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb bricks 703. When the flue gas passes through the air holes 704 next to the heat storage balls 702, it fully contacts the heat storage balls 702 to heat the cold flue gas. Moreover, the heat storage balls 702 are made of corundum mullite heat storage balls with a specific surface area of 240m2 / m3. The small balls divide the airflow into very small streams. When the airflow flows through the heat storage body, strong turbulence is formed, which effectively breaks through the boundary layer on the surface of the heat storage body. Because the ball diameter is small, the conduction radius is small, the thermal resistance is small, the density is high, and the thermal conductivity is good, the fast reversing requirement of 25 times / h can be achieved. The high-conductivity heat storage plate, heat storage balls, and heat storage hole bricks are arranged in a special structure to form thermal energy complementation. No combustion-supporting materials are required after the first ignition. After passing through the preheating system, the combustion efficiency is improved, which greatly reduces the operating cost.

[0057] like Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, an observation platform 15 is provided on the upper part of the combustion chamber 2, and a smoke collection trough 604 and a pressure relief mechanism 3 are provided on the lower part of the combustion chamber 2 for collecting dust and releasing pressure after combustion; an observation ladder 18, a first temperature sensor 16 and a second temperature sensor 17 are provided on the outer wall of the combustion chamber 2, and the first temperature sensor 16 and the second temperature sensor 17 are respectively provided corresponding to the third chamber 603 and the second chamber 602 for sensing the internal combustion temperature; an air intake pipe 605 is provided inside the air intake chamber 1, and one end of the air intake pipe 605 is connected to the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the air intake pipe 605 passes through the heating chamber 802 and is connected to the inside of the first chamber 601.

[0058] It should be noted that a smoke collection trough 604 and a pressure relief mechanism 3 are provided at the lower part of the combustion chamber 2 for collecting dust after combustion. The design of the pressure relief mechanism 3 can achieve rapid pressure relief when the temperature inside the combustion chamber 2 is too high, thereby preventing the risk of explosion due to excessive air pressure during internal combustion. The design of multiple temperature sensors is to enable the operator to observe the internal combustion conditions in real time, so as to facilitate real-time adjustment of the air intake and exhaust.

[0059] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, one end of the air inlet chamber 1 is provided with a secondary combustion chamber smoke outlet observation port 11, a secondary combustion chamber return smoke observation port 12, a smoke detection sampling port 13 and a smoke temperature sensor 14, which are used to observe the smoke state during return smoke preheating; the second chamber 602 and the third chamber 603, and the top of the third chamber 603 are both provided with a heat storage component 7 to heat the smoke multiple times.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the secondary combustion chamber smoke outlet observation port 11 and the secondary combustion chamber smoke return observation port 12 are designed to enable operators to observe the state of smoke during smoke return, which is convenient for operators to sample and manage smoke.

[0061] Working principle:

[0062] After the garbage is precisely introduced into the pyrolysis gasification furnace, pyrolysis flue gas is generated under high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification reaction conditions. This flue gas is systematically introduced into the combustion chamber 2 through the air inlet chamber 1. In the first chamber 601, the flue gas is fully mixed under specific airflow guidance and disturbance. At the same time, the heat storage component 7, based on its unique heat storage and heat release characteristics, efficiently heats the flue gas. The heated and evenly mixed flue gas flows smoothly into the second chamber 602, where further combustion reaction occurs. After combustion in the second chamber 602, the flue gas continues to flow into the third chamber 603. Thanks to the advanced combustion enhancement design in the third chamber 603, the combustible gases in the flue gas are completely burned. The exhaust gas generated at this time is introduced into the heating chamber 802 along the return flue pipe 801. The return flue pipe 801 can also be heated by the third combustion. After being introduced into the heating chamber 802, the exhaust gas is in a continuous flow state, and the heat it carries is fully exchanged with the cold flue gas entering from the air inlet pipe 605, thus cleverly realizing the recycling of thermal energy.

[0063] It should be noted that the setting of the heat storage component 7 can repeatedly change the direction of the flue gas passing through it based on the combined action of the high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb bricks 703, the heat storage balls 702 and the air holes 704, so that the flue gas residence time is longer. The advantage of this design is that the longer the flue gas residence time, the higher the heating efficiency of the flue gas. In this way, the temperature of the entire flue gas is increased, the gas phase of the burning flue gas is kept stable, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

[0064] This heat energy cycle not only reduces the heat loss of the system, but also effectively increases the initial temperature of the cold flue gas, making the subsequent combustion process smoother and more efficient, thereby significantly improving the overall flue gas combustion efficiency, laying a solid foundation for high efficiency and low emissions in waste incineration treatment.

[0065] The following figure shows the detection data of this device when the flue gas is burning:

[0066]

[0067] As shown in the above data, the first group of experiments were for normal waste pyrolysis. After the flue gas was purified and burned once by the purifier, only some particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and other harmful substances could be removed. The remaining dioxins, carbon monoxide and other harmful substances could not be effectively removed, and the pollutant emission limit requirements were not met. In the second group of experiments, the flue gas was burned again, which effectively reduced the residual dioxins, carbon monoxide and other harmful substances. In the third group of experiments, the dioxins, carbon monoxide, total hydrocarbons, particulate matter and other harmful substances were significantly reduced through the secondary combustion of the flue gas, and their values have reached the pollutant emission limit standards (GB18485-2014). Therefore, this equipment adopts a three-combustion process, which can effectively remove harmful substances such as dioxins and carbon monoxide from the flue gas, meet the pollutant emission limit standards, and achieve carbon emission requirements.

[0068] A domestic waste pyrolysis treatment process includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. Automatically introduce domestic waste into the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and then use the scraping mechanism to level the waste.

[0070] S2. The heating equipment inside the pyrolysis gasification furnace gradually heats the garbage to the temperature required for the pyrolysis reaction, causing the garbage to undergo pyrolysis reaction in an oxygen-deficient or oxygen-free environment to generate pyrolysis gas and solid residue;

[0071] S3. The flue gas generated in step S2 enters the secondary combustion mechanism 6 through the air inlet chamber 1, and after adding an appropriate amount of air, the first combustion and the second combustion are performed;

[0072] S4. The flue gas after secondary combustion in the secondary combustion mechanism 6 is reintroduced into the air intake chamber 1 through the flue gas preheating mechanism 8 to reheat the air intake pipe 605 to achieve the purpose of preheating;

[0073] S5. In step S4, the heated flue gas is introduced from the second gas outlet 803 and then enters the purification equipment and the pyrolysis gasification furnace through the diversion pipe, so as to reheat the garbage during pyrolysis and gasification and purify the tail gas.

[0074] In step S5, a digitally controlled valve is provided on the diversion pipeline, which is opened as needed to guide the flue gas into the purification equipment or the pyrolysis gasification furnace.

[0075] It should be noted that in the garbage pyrolysis treatment process, the garbage is first introduced into the pyrolysis gasification furnace for pyrolysis reaction. The flue gas generated also contains a large amount of harmful components and combustible components. It is passed into the air inlet chamber 1 through a pipe, and then enters the secondary combustion mechanism 6 to perform the second and third combustion treatments on the flue gas. The flue gas after combustion on both sides contains a large amount of heat source. It is introduced into the heating chamber 802 again through the return smoke pipe 801 to heat the newly entered flue gas, thereby realizing the recycling of heat energy. The exhausted flue gas can be introduced into the pyrolysis gasification furnace again to heat the garbage and accelerate the pyrolysis reaction. In this process, the pyrolysis gasification furnace plays a key role as the first step of the garbage reaction.

[0076] like Figure 7-Figure 15 As shown, the pyrolysis gasification furnace includes a furnace body 19, a pyrolysis chamber 22, a sealing mechanism 21 and a feeding mechanism 20. The furnace body 19 is a rectangular hollow cavity structure with an upper opening, and the interior of the furnace body 19 is connected to the pyrolysis chamber 22 through a fixed bracket 23. A feeding mechanism 20 is provided on the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber 22 for uniformly introducing garbage; the feeding mechanism 20 includes a support plate 2001, a feed hopper 2002, a discharge pipe 2005, a connecting hole 2011 and a feeding mechanism 9. The support plate 2001 is movably connected to the connecting rod 22 on the furnace body 19 through a movable connecting hole 2003 on the side, and the side of the support plate 2001 is connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 2012 on the furnace body 19 to form an up and down propulsion structure.

[0077] It should be noted that in existing pyrolysis processes, mechanical feeding is a common method of feeding, whereby materials such as garbage are transported to the reaction chamber through a feed port to initiate the pyrolysis and gasification reaction. However, this traditional feeding method has significant drawbacks. The incoming garbage tends to accumulate in large quantities within the chamber, making it difficult for the pyrolysis reaction to proceed fully. In light of this, we have designed a new feeding mechanism that offers the superior characteristic of distributed feeding, effectively avoiding the problem of garbage accumulation. Specifically, the feed hopper 2002 is securely connected to the connection hole 2011 disposed on the support plate 2001 via a feed pipe 2005. Furthermore, a feed mechanism 9 and a scraping mechanism 26 are meticulously designed at the bottom of the support plate 2001. These two mechanisms complement each other, facilitating smooth material discharge and ensuring uniform material feeding. Particularly noteworthy is the fact that the side of the support plate 2001 is tightly connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 2012 on the furnace body 19, thereby creating a sophisticated structure for upward and downward propulsion. With the strong driving force of the first hydraulic cylinder 2012, the entire feeding mechanism can freely realize the lifting and lowering operation. When unloading is required, the feeding mechanism 9 and the scraping mechanism 26 will be mechanically driven to extend into the pyrolysis chamber 22 to ensure uniform distribution of materials. After the material guiding process is successfully completed, they can be quickly lifted and reset, and then the sealing mechanism 21 is started to close the pyrolysis chamber 22 tightly, thereby achieving a highly automated unloading process and greatly improving the efficiency and quality of pyrolysis.

[0078] like Figure 7-Figure 15 As shown, the feed hopper 2002 is a rectangular hollow structure with an upper opening, and a discharge pipe 2005 is provided at the lower part of the feed hopper 2002, and the discharge pipe 2005 is movably connected to the connecting hole 2011 of the support plate 2001, and a bearing 2010 is provided between the discharge pipe 2005 and the connecting hole 2011, and a first sprocket 2008 is provided on the outer wall of the discharge pipe 2005, and the first sprocket 2008 is connected to the second sprocket on the output shaft of the first drive motor 2006 through the first chain 2007 to form a rotating structure; the first drive motor 2006 is arranged at the lower part of the support plate 2001 through the motor support 2004.

[0079] It should be noted that in the waste treatment process, ensuring that the waste is evenly distributed during the feeding stage is crucial for the efficient operation of the subsequent treatment process. To this end, we have designed an innovative rotary feeding system, which mainly optimizes and transforms the discharge pipe 2005 and the feeding mechanism 9. The first sprocket 2008 is carefully assembled on the outer wall of the discharge pipe 2005, and is tightly connected to the second sprocket on the output shaft of the first drive motor 2006 through a high-strength and high-precision first chain 2007, thereby building a stable and efficient rotation structure. When the system starts, After starting, the first drive motor 2006 runs rapidly, and with its powerful torque output, it drives the chain transmission, thereby prompting the discharge pipe 2005 to start the high-speed rotation mode. In this way, when the garbage slides through the discharge pipe 2005 to the feeding mechanism 9, it will obtain centrifugal force as the discharge pipe rotates, showing a rotating and falling posture. Finally, the garbage is able to be distributed in a dispersed and uniform state inside the pyrolysis chamber 22, fundamentally avoiding the problem of garbage accumulation and uneven distribution, and laying a solid foundation for the precise and stable advancement of the subsequent pyrolysis process.

[0080] like Figure 7-Figure 15 As shown, the lower part of the feed pipe 2005 is provided with a feeding mechanism 9, and the feeding mechanism 9 includes a first feeding pipe 901, a first guide trough 902, a second guide trough 903, a movable connecting rod 905 and a pressure spring 907. One end of the first feeding pipe 901 is connected to the tail of the feed pipe 2005, and the other end of the first feeding pipe 901 is provided with a first guide trough 902, and the first guide trough 902 is movably provided with a second guide trough 903; the second guide trough 903 is connected to the first guide trough 902 through a second chute 904 on the side. The second slide bar is movably connected, and a first fixed plate 904 is provided on the side of the second material guide trough 903, and the first fixed plate 904 is movably connected to the second fixed plate 906 on the outer wall of the first material passing tube 901 through a movable connecting rod 905, and a pressure spring 907 is sleeved on the outer wall of the movable connecting rod 905 to form an elastic structure; one end of the movable connecting rod 905 is connected to the winding wheel 910 on the fixed sleeve 909 through a steel wire rope 908; the winding wheel 910 is provided on the rotating shaft of the fixed sleeve 909, and the rotating shaft is connected to the second drive motor 911.

[0081] It should be noted that the garbage arrives at the feeding mechanism 9 after being transferred and is then sent to the pyrolysis chamber 22. In the pyrolysis chamber 22, the garbage is spread out in a relatively uniform state in the pyrolysis space by virtue of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation. However, the volume of the pyrolysis chamber 22 is limited. If the feeding mechanism 9 continues to rotate and discharge the material in a fixed mode, with the center point of the feeding mechanism 9 as a reference, the garbage on both sides will easily accumulate, which will undoubtedly interfere with the stability and efficiency of the pyrolysis process. In view of this, we have given the feeding mechanism 9 a telescopic function. When the garbage is distributed under the action of rotation, the feeding mechanism 9 can flexibly adjust the discharge position to ensure that the garbage is always evenly distributed in the pyrolysis chamber 22. The second guide trough 903 is movably arranged on the first guide trough 902. One end of the second guide trough 903 is The movable connecting rod 905 is cleverly connected to the second fixed plate 906 on the outer wall of the first feeding pipe 901, and a pressure spring 907 is set on the outer wall of the movable connecting rod 905. The three complement each other and jointly build a stable and sensitive elastic structure. Not only that, one end of the movable connecting rod 905 is tightly connected to the winding wheel 910 on the fixed sleeve 909 through the wire rope 908. When the winding wheel 910 rotates slowly, the wire rope 908 is retracted or released, which can drive the second material guide trough 903 to extend and retract freely back and forth, and adjust the direction of the garbage discharge point. The design of the pressure spring 907 is that once the winding wheel 910 stops applying force and releases the wire rope 908, the pressure spring 907 will rely on its own accumulated elastic potential energy to drive the entire structure to quickly return to its initial state, ready for the next round of adjustment.

[0082] like Figure 7-Figure 15 As shown, a scraping mechanism 26 is also provided on the outer wall of the first feeding tube 901. The scraping mechanism 26 includes a fixing device 2601, a movable sleeve 2603, a driving arm 2606, a rack 2608, a gear 2605, a scraper plate 2609 and a third driving motor 2604. The fixing device 2601 is provided on the first feeding tube 901 through a connecting hole 2602, and a movable sleeve 2603 is provided at one end of the fixing device 2601. The driving arm 2606 is provided inside the movable sleeve 2603. 6. A scraper plate 2609 is provided at one end of the driving arm 2606 for scraping the garbage; the driving arm 2606 is slidably connected to the third slide groove inside the movable sleeve 2603 through the third slide bars 2607 on both sides, and a rack 2608 is provided on the driving arm 2606, and the rack 2608 is meshed with the gear 2605 on the movable sleeve 2603. The gear 2605 is provided on the second rotating shaft, and one end of the second rotating shaft is connected to the third driving motor 2604 through a coupling.

[0083] It should be noted that the scraping mechanism 26 is set to scrape the garbage again during the rotation process, wherein a driving arm 2606 is provided inside the movable sleeve 2603, and a scraper plate 2609 is provided at one end of the driving arm 2606. The driving arm 2606 can be adjusted left and right under the drive of the third driving motor 2604. The advantage of this design is that the scraper plate 2609 can be called back, which can cooperate with the material transfer mechanism 9 to scrape and smooth the material, and can also be recycled when entering and exiting the pyrolysis chamber 22 to avoid interference when entering.

[0084] It also includes a sealing mechanism 21, which includes a propulsion platform 2101, a receiving support frame 2103, a second hydraulic cylinder 2104 and an external connecting rod 2105. The propulsion platform 2101 is movably connected to the fourth slide bar on the inner wall of the external connecting rod 2105 through the fourth slide groove 2102 on the side, and the external connecting rod 2105 is arranged on one side of the furnace body 19. A receiving support frame 2103 is arranged on the upper part of the propulsion platform 2101, and a second hydraulic cylinder 2104 is arranged on the receiving support frame 2103. The output shaft of the second hydraulic cylinder 2104 is connected to the sealing cover 2106. One end of the propulsion platform 2101 is connected to the third hydraulic cylinder on the external connecting rod 2105 to form a propulsion structure.

[0085] It should be noted that the sealing mechanism 21 is designed to seal the upper part of the pyrolysis chamber 22 after the feeding is completed, wherein the entire propulsion platform 2101 is propelled based on the third hydraulic cylinder. After the propulsion platform 2101 reaches the position, the sealing cover 2106 on the propulsion platform 2101 can complete the sealing of the pyrolysis chamber 22 under the propulsion of the second hydraulic cylinder 2104.

[0086] A rectangular opening is provided on one side of the furnace body 19, and an opening and closing door 25 is provided on the rectangular opening; a smoke outlet pipe 24 is provided on one side of the furnace body 19, and the smoke outlet pipe 24 is connected to the air inlet chamber 1, and a smoke return pipe 27 is provided on the other side of the furnace body 19, and the smoke return pipe 27 is connected to the diversion pipe.

[0087] It should be noted that the smoke return pipe 27 extends into the interior of the pyrolysis chamber 22 and can continuously guide smoke and heat the garbage inside, thereby increasing the reaction temperature and accelerating the reaction efficiency.

[0088] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A domestic waste smoke secondary combustion chamber device with high efficiency combustion, comprising an air intake chamber (1), a combustion chamber (2), a smoke preheating mechanism (8) and a secondary combustion mechanism (6), characterized in that: One end of the air inlet chamber (1) is connected to the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the air inlet chamber (1) is provided with a combustion chamber (2) for secondary flue gas combustion; A flue gas preheating mechanism (8) is provided inside the air inlet chamber (1) to preheat the flue gas generated by the pyrolysis gasification furnace; A secondary combustion mechanism (6) is provided inside the combustion chamber (2) for secondary combustion of flue gas; The secondary combustion mechanism (6) comprises a first chamber (601), a second chamber (602), a third chamber (603) and a heat storage component (7); the first chamber (601) is a flue gas mixing chamber, the second chamber (602) is a first combustion chamber, and the third chamber (603) is a second combustion chamber; a heat storage component (7) is provided between the first chamber (601) and the second chamber (602), which absorbs heat and releases heat to provide heat for the flue gas; The flue gas preheating mechanism (8) comprises a flue gas return pipe (801), a heating chamber (802) and a second air outlet (803), wherein the heating chamber (802) is arranged inside the air inlet chamber (1), and one end of the heating chamber (802) is connected to the first air outlet on the third chamber (603) through the flue gas return pipe (801), and the other end of the heating chamber (802) is connected to the purifier at the rear end through the second air outlet (803). The heat storage component (7) includes a high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate (701), a high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick (703), a heat storage ball (702) and a vent hole (704); the high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick (703) is arranged inside the combustion chamber (2) through the high-aluminum heat storage orifice plate (701), and a plurality of heat storage balls (702) and vent holes (704) are arranged on the high-aluminum heat storage honeycomb hole brick (703) to heat the flue gas passing through; The combustion chamber (2) is a cylindrical hollow structure with openings at both ends, and a heat-resistant and heat-insulating cotton layer and a fire-resistant layer are provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber (2), and the heat-resistant and heat-insulating cotton layer is located between the fire-resistant layer and the outer wall of the combustion chamber (2); a first combustion observation port (5), a second combustion observation port (10) and an oxygen increase adjustment port (4) are provided on the outside of the combustion chamber (2), the first combustion observation port (5) and the second combustion observation port (10) are respectively provided corresponding to the third chamber (603) and the second chamber (602), and the oxygen increase adjustment port (4) is provided opposite to the first chamber (601); An observation platform (15) is provided on the upper portion of the combustion chamber (2), and a smoke collection trough (604) and a pressure relief mechanism (3) are provided on the lower portion of the combustion chamber (2) for collecting dust and releasing pressure after combustion; an observation ladder (18), a first temperature sensor (16) and a second temperature sensor (17) are provided on the outer wall of the combustion chamber (2), and the first temperature sensor (16) and the second temperature sensor (17) are provided corresponding to the third chamber (603) and the second chamber (602), respectively, for sensing the internal combustion temperature.

2. A secondary combustion chamber device for efficient combustion of domestic waste smoke according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air intake pipe (605) is provided inside the air intake chamber (1), and one end of the air intake pipe (605) is connected to the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the other end of the air intake pipe (605) passes through the heating chamber (802) and is connected to the interior of the first chamber (601).

3. A secondary combustion chamber device for efficient combustion of domestic waste smoke according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the air inlet chamber (1) is provided with a secondary combustion chamber smoke outlet observation port (11), a secondary combustion chamber smoke return observation port (12), a smoke detection sampling port (13) and a smoke temperature sensor (14), which are used to observe the smoke state during smoke return preheating.

4. A secondary combustion chamber device for efficient combustion of domestic waste smoke according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second chamber (602) and the third chamber (603), and the top of the third chamber (603) are both provided with a heat storage component (7) to heat the flue gas multiple times.

5. A domestic waste pyrolysis treatment process based on the device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Automatically introduce domestic waste into the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and then use the scraping mechanism to level the waste. S2. First ignition: The heating equipment inside the pyrolysis gasifier gradually heats the garbage to the temperature required for pyrolysis reaction, causing the garbage to undergo pyrolysis reaction in an oxygen-deficient or oxygen-free environment, generating pyrolysis gas and liquid and solid residues; S3. The smoke generated in step S2 enters the secondary combustion mechanism (6) through the air inlet chamber (1), and after adding an appropriate amount of air, the first combustion and the second combustion are performed; S4. The flue gas after secondary combustion in the secondary combustion mechanism (6) is reintroduced into the air intake chamber (1) through the flue gas preheating mechanism (8) to reheat the air intake pipe (605) to achieve the purpose of preheating; S5. In step S4, the heated flue gas is introduced from the second gas outlet (803) and then enters the purification equipment and the pyrolysis gasification furnace through the diversion pipe, so as to reheat the garbage during pyrolysis and gasification and purify the tail gas at the rear end.

6. The process for pyrolysis treatment of domestic waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S5, a digitally controlled valve is provided on the diversion pipeline, which is opened as needed to guide the flue gas into the purification equipment or the pyrolysis gasification furnace.

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