Fuel cell control method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell control method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of batteries, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a real-time phase angle of electrochemical impedance of a fuel cell; when the real-time phase angle is within a first preset phase angle range, the real-time phase angle is within a second preset phase angle range by adjusting the stack temperature, and the second preset phase angle range is a subset of the first preset phase angle range; and when the real-time phase angle is not in the first preset phase angle range, adjusting the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the anode stoichiometric ratio to enable the real-time phase angle to be in the first preset phase angle range. According to the invention, the real-time phase angle of the electrochemical impedance is taken as a core index, and the stack temperature and the stoichiometric ratio are adjusted through hierarchical optimization, so that the power generation performance and the reliability of the fuel cell are improved, and the service life of the cell is effectively prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a fuel cell control method, device, electronic device and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of fuel cell technology, it has been widely used in transportation, fixed power stations, portable power sources and other fields as an efficient and clean energy conversion device; however, the complex and changeable working environment and non-steady-state load requirements of fuel cells make the water and heat management problem inside the stack a key difficulty in the development of technology, especially the precise control of the water content of the fuel cell membrane has a significant impact on the performance and life of the battery system.

[0003] In the related art, fuel cell water and heat management usually monitors and controls the membrane water content indirectly through external humidity sensors or simple physical models; however, this method is difficult to reflect the changing law of membrane water content in real time under dynamic and complex working conditions, and cannot accurately capture the actual impact of membrane water content fluctuations on fuel cell performance; in addition, the existing technology usually fails to optimize the control strategy for the full-condition dynamic characteristics of fuel cell membrane water content, but adopts a fixed parameter adjustment method, which makes the stack prone to extreme situations such as flooding or membrane drying, resulting in battery performance fluctuations, reduced reliability and even irreversible damage; due to the lack of optimization means for precise control of membrane water content under dynamic conditions, the existing technology may lead to a large deviation between the design results and the actual application performance, and cannot fully meet the requirements of efficient, reliable and durable operation of fuel cells. That is, there is a technical problem of insufficient dynamic control accuracy of fuel cell membrane water content in the related art. Summary of the invention

[0004] A series of simplified concepts are introduced in the summary of the invention, which will be further described in detail in the detailed description. The summary of the invention of this application does not mean to attempt to define the key features and essential technical features of the technical solution claimed for protection, nor does it mean to attempt to determine the scope of protection of the technical solution claimed for protection.

[0005] The fuel cell control method and related devices provided in the present application can use the real-time phase angle of electrochemical impedance as the core indicator, and adjust the temperature and stoichiometric ratio of the fuel cell stack through graded optimization, which not only improves the power generation performance and reliability of the fuel cell, but also effectively extends the battery life.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell control method, comprising: obtaining a real-time phase angle of an electrochemical impedance of a fuel cell; when the real-time phase angle is within a first preset phase angle range, adjusting the temperature of the fuel cell stack so that the real-time phase angle is within a second preset phase angle range, wherein the second preset phase angle range is a subset of the first preset phase angle range; when the real-time phase angle is not within the first preset phase angle range, adjusting the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the anode stoichiometric ratio so that the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range.

[0007] In a feasible implementation manner, the first preset phase angle range is determined by taking the target phase angle as a reference and offsetting up and down by a first angle, and the second preset phase angle range is determined by taking the target phase angle as a reference and offsetting up and down by a second angle, wherein the second angle is smaller than the first angle.

[0008] In a feasible implementation manner, the target phase angle is 30 degrees, the first angle is 3 degrees, and the second angle is 0.5 degrees.

[0009] In a feasible embodiment, when the real-time phase angle is not within the first preset phase angle range, the cathode metering ratio and the anode metering ratio are adjusted so that the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range, including: when the real-time phase angle is not within the first preset phase angle range, the cathode metering ratio and the anode metering ratio are alternately adjusted until the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range.

[0010] In a feasible implementation manner, the adjustment range of the cathode stoichiometric ratio is [1.6, 2.0], and the adjustment range of the anode stoichiometric ratio is [1.2, 3.0].

[0011] In a feasible embodiment, the fuel cell control method also includes: adjusting the cathode metering ratio to a first target metering ratio, and adjusting the anode metering ratio to a second target metering ratio, wherein the first target metering ratio and the second target metering ratio are both calculated based on the stack power and stack operating endurance of the fuel cell.

[0012] In a feasible embodiment, adjusting the cathode metering ratio to a first target metering ratio and adjusting the anode metering ratio to a second target metering ratio includes: when the absolute difference between the cathode metering ratio and the first target metering ratio is greater than the first difference, adjusting the cathode metering ratio to the first target metering ratio; when the absolute difference between the cathode metering ratio and the second target metering ratio is greater than the second difference, adjusting the anode metering ratio to the second target metering ratio.

[0013] In the second aspect, the present application also provides a fuel cell control device, including: a phase angle acquisition unit, used to acquire the real-time phase angle of the electrochemical impedance of the fuel cell; a temperature adjustment unit, used to adjust the temperature of the fuel cell stack so that the real-time phase angle is within a second preset phase angle range when the real-time phase angle is within a first preset phase angle range, wherein the second preset phase angle range is a subset of the first preset phase angle range; a stoichiometric ratio adjustment unit, used to adjust the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the anode stoichiometric ratio so that the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range when the real-time phase angle is not within the first preset phase angle range.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to implement the steps of the fuel cell control method described in the first aspect when executing a computer program stored in the memory.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the fuel cell control method described in the first aspect.

[0016] In a fifth aspect, the present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or computer executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implements the fuel cell control method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] In summary, the present application is based on the phase angle that can reflect the changes in the water content of the fuel cell membrane in real time and accurately, accurately controls the membrane water content, and optimizes the battery operation state. When the real-time phase angle deviates from the first preset range, the membrane water content is quickly pulled back to the healthy range by adjusting the anode and cathode stoichiometric ratio. When the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range, the stack temperature is further adjusted to control the phase angle within a narrower second preset range, thereby achieving fine control of the membrane water content, effectively avoiding the problems of membrane drying (too low water content) or flooding (too high water content), and maintaining the membrane water content within the optimal range at all times, ensuring stable output and high power efficiency of the stack, and ensuring that the fuel cell is always in the best operating state; taking the phase angle of electrochemical impedance as the control core reduces dependence on other complex parameters (such as humidity sensors, etc.), simplifies the fuel cell humidity control logic, avoids resource waste caused by excessive or insufficient control (such as excessive water management or cooling power consumption), and ensures long-term reliable and stable operation of the fuel cell system. In summary, the fuel cell control method provided in the present application takes the real-time phase angle of electrochemical impedance as the core indicator, and adjusts the stack temperature and stoichiometric ratio through graded optimization, which not only improves the power generation performance and reliability of the fuel cell, but also effectively extends the battery life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present specification. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a fuel cell control method provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the correspondence between a real-time phase angle and a stack state provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell control device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "is" and "has" and any variations thereof involved in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0020] The term "module" or "unit" in this application refers to a computer program or a part of a computer program that has a predetermined function and works together with other related parts to achieve a predetermined goal, and can be implemented in whole or in part by using software, hardware (such as processing circuits or memories) or a combination thereof. Similarly, a processor (or multiple processors or memories) can be used to implement one or more modules or units. In addition, each module or unit can be part of an overall module or unit that includes the function of the module or unit.

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. In the following description, it is related to "some embodiments", which describes a subset of all possible embodiments, but it can be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments, and can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0022] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a fuel cell control method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method may specifically include the following steps 101 to 103.

[0023] Step 101: Acquire the real-time phase angle of the electrochemical impedance of the fuel cell.

[0024] Specifically, the real-time phase angle refers to the current phase angle value of the fuel cell stack measured by the electrochemical impedance monitoring module, which can dynamically reflect the state of the water content of the stack membrane. The electrochemical impedance monitoring module can output the impedance phase angle value at a specific frequency, and different phase angles directly reflect the water content state of the stack; Figure 2 As shown in the figure, when the phase angle is in the range of [28.8°, 34.3°] (greater than or equal to 28.8° and less than or equal to 34.3°), it indicates that the stack is in a normal water-containing state; when the phase angle is lower than 28.8°, it indicates that the membrane is in a dry state; and when it is higher than 34.3°, it indicates that the stack is flooded; among them, 28.8° and 34.3° are key reference values ​​obtained through impedance sensitivity test calibration, which are used to accurately divide the healthy range of water content. Real-time phase angle data can be obtained through embedded sensors and signal processing units, and can be used to guide subsequent temperature adjustment or metering ratio optimization operations.

[0025] For example, during the operation of the fuel cell, when the external load changes and causes the water-heat balance state of the fuel cell stack to be disturbed, the electrochemical impedance monitoring module can capture in real time the situation where the phase angle deviates from the preset range, for example, the phase angle shifts from 30 degrees to 35 degrees.

[0026] By implementing step 101, the impact of rapidly changing environmental and load conditions on the membrane moisture content can be captured, providing basic data for subsequent optimization control. In addition, the measurement of the phase angle is more economical and efficient than traditional methods and is applicable to a variety of complex working conditions.

[0027] Step 102: When the real-time phase angle is within a first preset phase angle range, the temperature of the fuel cell stack is adjusted so that the real-time phase angle is within a second preset phase angle range, wherein the second preset phase angle range is a subset of the first preset phase angle range.

[0028] Specifically, when the real-time phase angle deviates from the second preset phase angle range but is still within the first preset phase angle range, the temperature control module in the fuel cell system dynamically adjusts the operating temperature of the stack, thereby refining the control of the membrane water content; the temperature control module can accurately adjust the temperature based on the deviation between the target phase angle and the real-time phase angle using PID control or other closed-loop control algorithms to ensure that the membrane water content approaches an ideal state. The upper and lower limits of the second preset phase angle range are narrower than the first range, and are used to achieve higher-precision water and heat management, thereby optimizing the performance output of the fuel cell.

[0029] For example, during the operation of the fuel cell, when the real-time phase angle is 31.8 degrees and the deviation is detected to exceed the threshold but is still within the first preset range (28 to 34 degrees), the stack temperature can be reduced by 1 degree Celsius by adjusting the stack coolant flow rate or heating power to gradually return the phase angle to around 30 degrees. This adjustment process ensures that the membrane water content is moderate, avoiding gas channel blockage due to excessive water or decreased ion conductivity due to too little water.

[0030] By implementing step 102, precise temperature adjustment is used to avoid a decrease in conductivity or obstruction of gas diffusion caused by excessive or insufficient moisture in the membrane, thereby greatly improving the output power of the fuel cell, helping to reduce stress loss of the fuel cell membrane and extending the operating life.

[0031] Step 103: When the real-time phase angle is not within the first preset phase angle range, the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the anode stoichiometric ratio are adjusted so that the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range.

[0032] Specifically, the cathode stoichiometric ratio is the ratio of the air supply to the theoretical demand in the fuel cell. The theoretical demand refers to the minimum amount of air required for oxygen to fully participate in the electrochemical reaction. Adjusting the cathode stoichiometric ratio can directly affect the concentration and total amount of oxygen entering the stack, thereby ensuring that there is no shortage of oxygen during the reaction. The anode stoichiometric ratio is the ratio of the hydrogen supply to the theoretical demand in the fuel cell. The theoretical demand refers to the minimum amount of hydrogen required to react with oxygen. The adjustment of the anode stoichiometric ratio directly affects the wet state and reaction efficiency of the fuel cell membrane. The appropriate anode stoichiometric ratio can maintain a good water balance inside the fuel cell stack, avoiding waste of resources due to excessive hydrogen or interruption of the stack reaction due to insufficient hydrogen. When the real-time phase angle exceeds the first preset phase angle range (for example, higher than 34 degrees or lower than 28 degrees), the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the anode stoichiometric ratio can be dynamically adjusted by the fuel cell controller. The accuracy and range of the stoichiometric ratio adjustment are determined by the PID control algorithm to ensure rapid response while avoiding over-adjustment.

[0033] For example, during the operation of the fuel cell, the real-time phase angle is detected to be 35 degrees (higher than the upper limit of the first preset range of 34 degrees), indicating that the membrane water content may be too high. The hydrogen supply rate can be reduced by first reducing the anode stoichiometric ratio (for example, from 2.5 to 2.0), and then the cathode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted (for example, from 1.8 to 1.7) to optimize the air supply rate, thereby accelerating the removal of water; the adjusted phase angle gradually decreases to 33 degrees, successfully returning to the first preset phase angle range (28~34 degrees), and restoring normal operation.

[0034] Through the implementation of step 103, the dynamic adjustment of the metering ratio under different loads and environmental conditions can effectively cope with external changes (such as high temperature, high humidity, and low humidity environments), reduce the possibility of local failure of the fuel cell stack, and improve the stability of the fuel cell operation.

[0035] In summary, the embodiment of the present application is based on the phase angle that can reflect the change of the water content of the fuel cell membrane in real time and accurately, accurately controls the membrane water content, optimizes the battery operation state, and when the real-time phase angle deviates from the first preset range, the membrane water content is quickly pulled back to the healthy range by adjusting the anode and cathode stoichiometric ratio. When the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range, the stack temperature is further adjusted to control the phase angle within a narrower second preset range, thereby achieving fine control of the membrane water content, effectively avoiding the problems of membrane drying (too low water content) or flooding (too high water content), and maintaining the membrane water content within the optimal range at all times, ensuring stable output and high power efficiency of the stack, and ensuring that the fuel cell is always in the best operating state; taking the phase angle of electrochemical impedance as the control core reduces dependence on other complex parameters (such as humidity sensors, etc.), simplifies the fuel cell humidity control logic, avoids resource waste caused by excessive or insufficient control (such as excessive water management or cooling power consumption), and ensures long-term reliable and stable operation of the fuel cell system. In summary, the fuel cell control method provided in the embodiment of the present application takes the real-time phase angle of electrochemical impedance as the core indicator, and adjusts the stack temperature and stoichiometric ratio through hierarchical optimization, which not only improves the power generation performance and reliability of the fuel cell, but also effectively extends the battery life.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first preset phase angle range is determined based on the target phase angle and is offset up and down by a first angle, and the second preset phase angle range is determined based on the target phase angle and is offset up and down by a second angle, wherein the second angle is smaller than the first angle.

[0037] Specifically, the first preset phase angle range is used to preliminarily determine whether the water content of the fuel cell membrane deviates from the healthy range. It is determined by a certain angle up and down with the target phase angle as the center. For example, if the target phase angle is 30 degrees, the first range can be set to 28 degrees to 34 degrees, allowing a larger deviation for rough adjustment. The second preset phase angle range is a subset of the first range, which is used to further refine the control and is determined by a smaller angle up and down, for example, set to 29.5 degrees to 30.5 degrees, so as to achieve higher-precision control and ensure the optimal operation of the fuel cell system.

[0038] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned embodiments, the first range for loose preliminary adjustment and the second range for more precise refined control are utilized to ensure that the phase angle is close to the optimal value; and fine adjustment in a small range effectively reduces performance deviations caused by control lag or errors, making the fuel cell operation more stable and improving the power generation efficiency and life of the stack.

[0039] In some embodiments, the target phase angle is 30 degrees, the first angle is 3 degrees, and the second angle is 0.5 degrees.

[0040] Specifically, the target phase angle of 30 degrees is the characteristic impedance phase angle value when the water content of the fuel cell membrane is in the optimal state, which can be determined through calibration tests and long-term durability tests. The first angle range (±3 degrees, i.e. greater than or equal to 28 degrees and less than or equal to 34 degrees) allows the fuel cell to remain basically stable under large fluctuations in operating conditions. It is used to roughly judge the deviation of the membrane water content and pull the phase angle back to the healthy range through rapid adjustment. The second angle range (±0.5 degrees, i.e. greater than or equal to 29.5 degrees and less than or equal to 30.5 degrees) is used for further fine control to ensure that the membrane water content is close to the ideal value during steady-state operation, achieving higher power generation efficiency and stability.

[0041] For example, during the operation of the fuel cell system, the real-time phase angle is detected to be 32 degrees, which is within the first preset range (28 to 34 degrees), but exceeds the second preset range (29.5 to 30.5 degrees). First, the situation is judged to be a slight deviation of the membrane water content, and the real-time phase angle is gradually reduced to 30.4 degrees through temperature adjustment, so that it enters the second preset range and remains near the target phase angle to achieve a more stable operating state. This hierarchical adjustment ensures both rapid response and high-precision control effect.

[0042] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned embodiments, a phase angle of 30 degrees generally corresponds to the ideal range of water content of the fuel cell membrane, which helps to maintain the proton conductivity and reaction efficiency of the membrane in an optimal state; the first angle range is relatively wide (±3 degrees), and can quickly respond to large changes in operating conditions, such as sudden changes in temperature, sudden increases in load, etc., to ensure that the system will not get out of control due to lagging adjustments; the second angle range is relatively narrow (±0.5 degrees), which can achieve fine adjustment under stable operating conditions, making the fuel cell output more efficient; the implementation of the embodiments of the present application takes into account the needs of rapid response and precise optimization, which not only improves the operating efficiency of the fuel cell, but also ensures its reliability and durability, and is suitable for actual application scenarios under a variety of complex working conditions.

[0043] In some embodiments, the aforementioned step 103 may include: when the real-time phase angle is not within the first preset phase angle range, alternately adjusting the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the anode stoichiometric ratio until the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range.

[0044] Specifically, when the real-time phase angle exceeds the first preset phase angle range (for example, less than 28 degrees or greater than 34 degrees), the membrane water content is corrected by alternately adjusting the cathode stoichiometric ratio (usually between 1.6 and 2.0) and the anode stoichiometric ratio (usually between 1.2 and 3.0) according to the direction and magnitude of the deviation. The cathode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted by controlling the air supply rate, while the anode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted by adjusting the hydrogen supply rate or the hydrogen pump speed. Alternating adjustment avoids the problem of overcompensation caused by a single adjustment, and quickly recovers to the first preset range through the synergistic effect of the two, while ensuring that the disturbance to the fuel cell performance is minimized.

[0045] For example, when the real-time phase angle of the fuel cell is detected to be 36 degrees (exceeding the upper limit of the first preset range of 34 degrees), the anode stoichiometric ratio is first reduced (for example, from 2.5 to 2.0) to reduce the hydrogen supply and accelerate the membrane water discharge; then, the cathode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted in the next cycle (for example, from 1.8 to 1.7) to optimize the air supply rate and accelerate the water management inside the stack. After two rounds of alternating adjustments, the phase angle gradually dropped back to 33.8 degrees, and finally stabilized at around 30.5 degrees, entering the first preset range, and achieving stable operation of the fuel cell.

[0046] By implementing the above-mentioned embodiments, the cathode and anode stoichiometric ratios are alternately adjusted to effectively restore the healthy moisture balance of the membrane, ensure the stable operation of the fuel cell system, avoid flooding or membrane drying under extreme working conditions, and prevent fuel cell performance degradation or irreversible damage.

[0047] In some embodiments, the adjustment range of the cathode stoichiometric ratio is [1.6, 2.0], and the adjustment range of the anode stoichiometric ratio is [1.2, 3.0].

[0048] Specifically, the adjustment range of the cathode stoichiometric ratio is set to [1.6, 2.0] (greater than or equal to 1.6 and less than or equal to 2.0), which can accurately adjust the oxygen supply and humidity balance to ensure that the hydrothermal management of the fuel cell reaction area is in an ideal state, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell. The adjustment range of the anode stoichiometric ratio is set to [1.2, 3.0] (greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 3.0), which avoids hydrogen waste and prevents water blockage or diffusion problems caused by overhumidification, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0049] Through the implementation of the above embodiments, a clear operating boundary is provided for the dynamic control of the fuel cell, which not only improves the control accuracy and system operation stability, but also enhances the adaptability of the fuel cell under complex working conditions.

[0050] In some embodiments, the aforementioned fuel cell control method may further include: adjusting the cathode metering ratio to a first target metering ratio, and adjusting the anode metering ratio to a second target metering ratio, wherein the first target metering ratio and the second target metering ratio are both calculated based on the fuel cell stack power and the stack operating endurance.

[0051] Specifically, the first target stoichiometric ratio and the second target stoichiometric ratio are dynamically calculated based on the load power demand and operating life optimization parameters of the fuel cell; by collecting data such as the real-time power output, operating time, and ambient temperature of the fuel cell, combined with the experimental calibration model and durability analysis, the target stoichiometric ratio of the cathode and anode is calculated. The target stoichiometric ratio is usually a precise value used to guide the adjustment of gas supply to ensure the maximum energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell while reducing the material degradation rate in long-term operation.

[0052] Through the implementation of the above-mentioned embodiment, the target value of the cathode and anode stoichiometric ratio is dynamically calculated according to the actual power demand and operation endurance of the fuel cell, ensuring that the adjustment process meets the actual operation requirements of the fuel cell system.

[0053] In some embodiments, the aforementioned adjusting the cathode metering ratio to the first target metering ratio and adjusting the anode metering ratio to the second target metering ratio may include: when the absolute difference between the cathode metering ratio and the first target metering ratio is greater than the first difference, adjusting the cathode metering ratio to the first target metering ratio; when the absolute difference between the cathode metering ratio and the second target metering ratio is greater than the second difference, adjusting the anode metering ratio to the second target metering ratio.

[0054] Specifically, the first difference refers to the maximum allowable deviation value between the current cathode metering ratio and the first target metering ratio, and the first difference can be set to 0.5, 0.2, 0.1 or 0.05, etc.; the second difference refers to the maximum allowable deviation value between the current anode metering ratio and the second target metering ratio, and the second difference can also be set to 0.5, 0.2, 0.1 or 0.05, etc.

[0055] Exemplarily, the current cathode stoichiometric ratio is monitored to be 1.68, the target cathode stoichiometric ratio is 1.7, and the first difference is set to 0.05. Since the absolute difference between the two is 0.02 (greater than the first difference), no adjustment is made. Similarly, when the current value of the anode stoichiometric ratio is 2.36, the target value is 2.5, the second difference is 0.1, and the difference is 0.14 (greater than the second difference), the anode stoichiometric ratio is directly adjusted to 2.5. Through this direct adjustment method, the fuel cell system can quickly enter a stable operating state and avoid unnecessary fluctuations caused by frequent adjustments.

[0056] Through the implementation of the above embodiment, using the absolute difference greater than the threshold as a trigger condition, the deviation of the cathode and anode stoichiometric ratio can be quickly corrected, avoiding unnecessary errors caused by multiple fine-tuning, reducing the operating time of the fuel cell in a non-optimal state, and avoiding unnecessary adjustment lags.

[0057] Furthermore, as an implementation of the aforementioned method embodiment, the present application also provides a fuel cell control device for implementing the aforementioned method embodiment. The device embodiment corresponds to the aforementioned method embodiment. For ease of reading, the present fuel cell control device embodiment will no longer repeat the details of the aforementioned method embodiment one by one, but it should be clear that the device in the embodiment of the present application can correspond to and implement all the contents of the aforementioned method embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, the fuel cell control device 20 includes: a phase angle acquisition unit 201, a temperature adjustment unit 202 and a stoichiometric ratio adjustment unit 203, wherein the phase angle acquisition unit 201 is used to acquire the real-time phase angle of the electrochemical impedance of the fuel cell; the temperature adjustment unit 202 is used to adjust the temperature of the fuel cell stack so that the real-time phase angle is within a second preset phase angle range when the real-time phase angle is within a first preset phase angle range, wherein the second preset phase angle range is a subset of the first preset phase angle range; the stoichiometric ratio adjustment unit 203 is used to adjust the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the anode stoichiometric ratio so that the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range when the real-time phase angle is not within the first preset phase angle range.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first preset phase angle range is determined based on the target phase angle and is offset up and down by a first angle, and the second preset phase angle range is determined based on the target phase angle and is offset up and down by a second angle, wherein the second angle is smaller than the first angle.

[0059] In some embodiments, the target phase angle is 30 degrees, the first angle is 3 degrees, and the second angle is 0.5 degrees.

[0060] In some embodiments, the stoichiometric ratio adjustment unit 203 is further configured to alternately adjust the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the anode stoichiometric ratio when the real-time phase angle is not within the first preset phase angle range, until the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range.

[0061] In some embodiments, the adjustment range of the cathode stoichiometric ratio is [1.6, 2.0], and the adjustment range of the anode stoichiometric ratio is [1.2, 3.0].

[0062] In some embodiments, the stoichiometric ratio adjustment unit 203 is also used to adjust the cathode stoichiometric ratio to a first target stoichiometric ratio and the anode stoichiometric ratio to a second target stoichiometric ratio, wherein the first target stoichiometric ratio and the second target stoichiometric ratio are both calculated based on the stack power and stack operating endurance of the fuel cell.

[0063] In some embodiments, the stoichiometric ratio adjustment unit 203 is also used to adjust the cathode stoichiometric ratio to the first target stoichiometric ratio when the absolute difference between the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the first target stoichiometric ratio is greater than the first difference; and to adjust the anode stoichiometric ratio to the second target stoichiometric ratio when the absolute difference between the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the second target stoichiometric ratio is greater than the second difference.

[0064] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-executable instructions or computer programs. When the computer-executable instructions or computer programs are executed by a processor, the processor will be caused to execute any step of the fuel cell control method provided in the present application.

[0065] In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may be a memory such as RAM, read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, magnetic surface memory, optical disk, or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM); or it may be various devices including one or any combination of the above memories.

[0066] In some embodiments, computer executable instructions may be in the form of a program, software, software module, script or code, written in any form of programming language (including compiled or interpreted languages, or declarative or procedural languages), and may be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment.

[0067] In some embodiments, computer-executable instructions may, but need not, correspond to a file in a file system, may be stored as part of a file storing other programs or data, for example, in one or more scripts in a HyperText Markup Language (HTML) document, in a single file dedicated to the program in question, or in multiple coordinated files (e.g., files storing one or more modules, subroutines, or code portions).

[0068] In some embodiments, computer executable instructions may be deployed to be executed on one electronic device, or on multiple electronic devices located at one site, or on multiple electronic devices distributed at multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, the present application also provides an electronic device 30, including a memory 310, a processor 320, and a computer program 311 stored in the memory 310 and executable on the processor. When the processor 320 executes the computer program 311, any step of the above-mentioned fuel cell control method is implemented.

[0070] The present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program or a computer executable instruction, and the computer program or the computer executable instruction is stored in a computer readable storage medium. The processor of the electronic device reads the computer program or the computer executable instruction from the computer readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer program or the computer executable instruction, so that the electronic device performs any step of the fuel cell control method described above in the present application.

[0071] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel cell control method, characterized in that: include: Obtaining the real-time phase angle of the electrochemical impedance of the fuel cell; When the real-time phase angle is within a first preset phase angle range, adjusting the temperature of the battery stack so that the real-time phase angle is within a second preset phase angle range, wherein the second preset phase angle range is a subset of the first preset phase angle range; When the real-time phase angle is not within the first preset phase angle range, the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the anode stoichiometric ratio are adjusted so that the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range.

2. The fuel cell control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first preset phase angle range is determined by taking the target phase angle as a reference and offsetting up and down by a first angle, and the second preset phase angle range is determined by taking the target phase angle as a reference and offsetting up and down by a second angle, wherein the second angle is smaller than the first angle.

3. The fuel cell control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The target phase angle is 30 degrees, the first angle is 3 degrees, and the second angle is 0.5 degrees.

4. The fuel cell control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the real-time phase angle is not within the first preset phase angle range, adjusting the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the anode stoichiometric ratio so that the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range includes: When the real-time phase angle is not within the first preset phase angle range, the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the anode stoichiometric ratio are adjusted alternately until the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range.

5. The fuel cell control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment range of the cathode stoichiometric ratio is [1.6, 2.0], and the adjustment range of the anode stoichiometric ratio is [1.2, 3.0].

6. The fuel cell control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell control method further comprises: The cathode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted to a first target stoichiometric ratio, and the anode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted to a second target stoichiometric ratio, wherein the first target stoichiometric ratio and the second target stoichiometric ratio are both calculated based on the stack power and stack operation endurance of the fuel cell.

7. The fuel cell control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of adjusting the cathode stoichiometric ratio to a first target stoichiometric ratio and adjusting the anode stoichiometric ratio to a second target stoichiometric ratio comprises: When the absolute difference between the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the first target stoichiometric ratio is greater than a first difference, adjusting the cathode stoichiometric ratio to the first target stoichiometric ratio; When the absolute difference between the cathode stoichiometric ratio and the second target stoichiometric ratio is greater than the second difference, the anode stoichiometric ratio is adjusted to the second target stoichiometric ratio.

8. A fuel cell control device, characterized in that: include: A phase angle acquisition unit, used to acquire a real-time phase angle of the electrochemical impedance of the fuel cell; a temperature regulating unit, configured to adjust the temperature of the fuel cell stack so that the real-time phase angle is within a second preset phase angle range when the real-time phase angle is within a first preset phase angle range, wherein the second preset phase angle range is a subset of the first preset phase angle range; The metering ratio adjustment unit is used to adjust the cathode metering ratio and the anode metering ratio so that the real-time phase angle is within the first preset phase angle range when the real-time phase angle is not within the first preset phase angle range.

9. An electronic device, comprising: A memory and a processor, wherein the processor is used to implement the steps of the fuel cell control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program stored in the memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the fuel cell control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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