Method for controlling exhaust of fuel cell system and related device

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling exhaust of a fuel cell system and a related device. The method includes obtaining a degree of aging of a membrane electrode of the fuel cell system. The method further includes determining a permeation rate of the target gas based on the degree of aging, where the permeation rate is indicative of a rate at which the target gas permeates through the membrane electrode from a cathode of the fuel cell system to an anode of the fuel cell system. Further, the method includes controlling an exhaust valve of an anode circuit of the fuel cell system based on the permeation rate, where the exhaust valve is used to exhaust the target gas in the anode. Through the mode, the exhaust valve is controlled on the basis of the aging degree of the membrane electrode, and under the condition that the gas permeation rate of the membrane electrode is changed due to the aging of the membrane electrode, the exhaust valve can be controlled to increase or decrease the exhaust of the gas in the anode in time; therefore, the concentration of hydrogen in the anode is kept, and excessive hydrogen is prevented from being wasted in the exhaust process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly, to methods and related apparatus for controlling exhaust of a fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cells have the advantages of high energy conversion rate and pollution-free emission, and have important applications in many fields. For example, fuel cells have become a widely used type of automotive power battery. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells using hydrogen as fuel are the main type of fuel cells used in fuel cell vehicles. For proton exchange membrane fuel cells, the hydrogen concentration at the anode is very important for the normal operation of the battery.

[0003] When the fuel cell is running, non-fuel gases such as nitrogen in the air at the cathode will slowly penetrate the membrane electrode of the fuel cell and reach the anode, gradually accumulating at the anode, gradually diluting the hydrogen concentration at the anode, reducing the hydrogen concentration at the anode and causing the fuel cell performance to decline. Therefore, in order to keep the fuel cell's high performance output for a long time, it is necessary to discharge the nitrogen at the anode in time to maintain the hydrogen concentration at the anode. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present disclosure propose a method and related device for controlling the exhaust of a fuel cell system. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system can be obtained, and the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode is determined based on the aging degree of the membrane electrode, so as to control the exhaust valve of the anode loop based on the permeation rate. In this way, the control of the exhaust valve can be associated with the permeation rate of the membrane electrode to the target gas, and the target gas that permeates from the cathode to the anode in the fuel cell system can be properly and fully discharged through the exhaust valve, thereby maintaining the concentration of hydrogen in the anode and avoiding wasting too much hydrogen during the exhaust process, thereby improving the reliability of the fuel cell system.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method for controlling exhaust of a fuel cell system is provided. The method includes obtaining the degree of aging of a membrane electrode of the fuel cell system. The method also includes determining a permeation rate of a target gas based on the degree of aging, wherein the permeation rate indicates the rate at which the target gas permeates from the cathode of the fuel cell system to the anode of the fuel cell system through the membrane electrode. In addition, the method also includes controlling an exhaust valve of an anode loop of the fuel cell system based on the permeation rate, wherein the exhaust valve is used to exhaust the target gas in the anode.

[0006] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, a method for updating the degree of aging of a membrane electrode of a fuel cell system is provided. The method includes obtaining the degree of aging of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, wherein the degree of aging includes a first pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system at a first moment. The method also includes obtaining a state parameter of the fuel cell system when the fuel cell system is in a shutdown state. The method also includes determining a second pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system at a second moment in response to the state parameter being within a predetermined range, wherein the second moment is after the first moment. In addition, the method also includes updating the first pressure change rate based on the second pressure change rate to update the degree of aging.

[0007] In a third aspect of the present disclosure, a device for controlling exhaust of a fuel cell system is provided. The device includes an aging degree acquisition module configured to acquire the aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system. The device also includes a permeation rate determination module configured to determine the permeation rate of the target gas based on the aging degree, wherein the permeation rate indicates the rate at which the target gas permeates from the cathode of the fuel cell system to the anode of the fuel cell system through the membrane electrode. In addition, the device also includes an exhaust valve control module configured to control the exhaust valve of the anode loop of the fuel cell system based on the permeation rate, wherein the exhaust valve is used to exhaust the target gas in the anode.

[0008] In a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a device for updating the degree of aging of a membrane electrode of a fuel cell system is provided. The device includes an aging degree acquisition module configured to acquire the degree of aging of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, wherein the aging degree includes a first pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system at a first moment. The device also includes a state parameter acquisition module configured to acquire a state parameter of the fuel cell system when the fuel cell system is in a shutdown state. The device also includes a change rate determination module configured to determine a second pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system at a second moment in response to the state parameter being within a predetermined range, wherein the second moment is after the first moment. In addition, the device also includes an aging degree update module configured to update the first pressure change rate based on the second pressure change rate to update the aging degree.

[0009] In a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a controller is provided. The controller includes one or more processors; and a storage device for storing one or more programs, when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method provided according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present disclosure.

[0010] In a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a fuel cell system is provided, which includes a membrane electrode, an exhaust valve, and a controller provided according to the fifth aspect of the present disclosure.

[0011] In a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor to implement the method provided according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present disclosure.

[0012] It should be understood that the contents described in the Summary of the Invention are not intended to limit the key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, wherein:

[0014] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system in which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;

[0015] Figure 2 A flow chart showing a method for controlling exhaust of a fuel cell system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a scenario in which a controller controls an exhaust valve according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a method for updating the aging degree of a membrane electrode of a fuel cell system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing a method for updating the aging degree of a membrane electrode of a fuel cell system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 6 A block diagram of an apparatus for controlling exhaust gas of a fuel cell system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0020] Figure 7 A block diagram showing an apparatus for updating the aging degree of a membrane electrode of a fuel cell system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0021] Figure 8 A block diagram of a device in which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein, which are instead provided for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "including" and similar terms should be understood as open inclusion, that is, "including but not limited to". The term "based on" should be understood as "based at least in part on". The term "one embodiment" or "the embodiment" should be understood as "at least one embodiment". The terms "first", "second", etc. may refer to different or the same objects. Other explicit and implicit definitions may also be included below.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, various physical quantities are only given schematically and cannot be used to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the permeation rate of a gas can represent the rate at which a gas permeates from one side of a membrane to the other side of a membrane, or can also represent the amount of gas that permeates from one side of a membrane to the other side of a membrane per unit time. The amount of gas can include the volume of the gas, the mass of the gas, or the amount of substance of the gas, etc. The concentration of the gas can include the molar concentration of the gas (the unit can be, for example, mol / L), the mass concentration of the gas (the unit can be, for example, g / L), or the percentage of the gas.

[0025] As mentioned above, during the operation of the fuel cell system, gases such as nitrogen in the air may penetrate from the cathode of the fuel cell to the anode and dilute the hydrogen at the anode, resulting in a decrease in the hydrogen concentration at the anode. At present, a purge valve may be provided in the anode loop of the fuel cell system. By opening the purge valve at a fixed frequency and using the hydrogen in the anode loop to purge the nitrogen accumulated at the anode, the concentration of hydrogen at the anode can be kept at a normal level. The hydrogen concentration required by the anode is different under the output of different current densities, and the opening strategy of the exhaust valve of the anode loop can also be determined in advance based on the current density that the fuel cell needs to output. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the opening strategy of the exhaust valve may include the frequency of opening the exhaust valve, and may also include the duration of a single opening of the exhaust valve. Through different opening strategies of the exhaust valve, the anode loop can be made to discharge gas at different rates through the exhaust valve.

[0026] The inventors of the present application have found that as the use time of the fuel cell system increases, the membrane electrode may age, thereby changing its permeability rate to the gas. Therefore, the predetermined exhaust valve opening strategy may not be able to accurately discharge the nitrogen at the anode due to the aging of the membrane electrode. For example, if the membrane electrode's permeability rate to nitrogen increases, the accumulation rate of nitrogen at the anode accelerates, and the predetermined exhaust valve opening strategy will not be able to completely discharge the nitrogen, which will gradually reduce the anode hydrogen concentration. When the anode hydrogen concentration of the fuel cell system does not match the current density to be output, it will output current in a manner that damages the membrane electrode, which will reduce the service life of the fuel cell system. If the membrane electrode's permeability rate to nitrogen decreases, the accumulation rate of nitrogen at the anode slows down, and the predetermined exhaust valve opening strategy will discharge too much hydrogen, causing waste.

[0027] To this end, an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a method for controlling exhaust of a fuel cell system. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system is obtained; based on the aging degree, the permeation rate of the target gas is determined, wherein the permeation rate indicates the rate at which the target gas permeates from the cathode of the fuel cell system to the anode of the fuel cell system through the membrane electrode; and based on the permeation rate, the exhaust valve of the anode loop of the fuel cell system is controlled, wherein the exhaust valve is used to exhaust the target gas in the anode.

[0028] In this way, the aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system can be detected, and the exhaust valve can be controlled based on the aging degree. Since the aging degree of the membrane electrode affects the gas permeation rate of the membrane electrode, the opening strategy of the exhaust valve can be adjusted in time when the gas permeation rate of the membrane electrode changes, so that the impurity gas (such as nitrogen) in the anode can be discharged in time, avoiding damage to the fuel cell system caused by the decrease of the anode hydrogen concentration, and avoiding opening the exhaust valve for too long to avoid wasting too much hydrogen.

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a fuel cell system 100 in which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented is shown. Figure 1As shown, in the fuel cell system 100, an anode 101, a membrane electrode 102 and a cathode 103 are included. The anode 101, the membrane electrode 102 and the cathode 103 together form a fuel cell, and the hydrogen in the anode 101 and the oxygen in the cathode 103 react on the membrane electrode 102 to generate current, which can be passed through a DC-DC converter (DC-DC) 104 to power a motor 105. The fuel cell system 100 also includes an anode loop 106 and a cathode loop 107. The anode loop 106 is used to provide hydrogen to the anode 101. In the anode loop 106, hydrogen flows into the anode 101 from the gas supply valve 108. The anode loop also includes an exhaust valve 109, which can exhaust the gas in the anode loop. The anode loop 106 also includes a stop valve 110 and a stop valve 111, and a circulation pump 112, wherein the circulation pump is used to circulate hydrogen in the anode loop 106, and the stop valve 110 and the stop valve 111 can maintain the pressure in the anode 101. The cathode loop 107 can provide air for the cathode 103, and the oxygen in the air can react at the membrane electrode 102, and the remaining gas (mainly nitrogen) can be discharged through the cathode loop 107. The cathode loop also includes a stop valve 113 and a stop valve 114, which can be used to maintain the pressure in the cathode 103.

[0030] The fuel cell system 100 may also include a controller for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust valve 109, thereby controlling the exhaust in the anode loop. During the use of the fuel cell, gases such as nitrogen in the cathode 103 will gradually penetrate into the anode 101 through the membrane electrode 102. By controlling the exhaust valve 109 to open, the hydrogen in the anode loop can purge the anode, thereby taking out the nitrogen in the anode. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the controller can obtain the degree of aging of the membrane electrode 102, and based on the degree of aging, control the opening and closing of the exhaust valve 109 to achieve flexible control of the exhaust of the fuel cell system 100.

[0031] It should be understood that Figure 1The fuel cell system 100 shown is only an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure, and is not a limitation of the present disclosure. For example, in some embodiments, the fuel cell system 100 also includes a pressure sensor that can sense the pressure of the anode 101 and the pressure of the cathode 103. The fuel cell system 100 may also include a humidity sensor for sensing the humidity of the membrane electrode 102. The fuel cell system 100 may also include a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the membrane electrode 102. In some embodiments, the fuel cell system 100 includes a plurality of fuel cells formed by the anode 101, the membrane electrode 102, and the cathode 103, which together form a stack, and the anode loop 106 can provide hydrogen for the anode of each fuel cell in the stack, and the cathode loop 107 can provide air for the cathode of each fuel cell in the stack. In some embodiments, the anode loop 106 may also not include a circulating pump 112. The fuel cell system 100 in the embodiment of the present disclosure may also be other types of fuel cell systems, and the present disclosure is not limited to this.

[0032] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method 200 for controlling exhaust of a fuel cell system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The method 200 may be executed by a controller, which may include a chip or a chip system, and may be implemented by software and / or hardware. For example, the controller may be a fuel cell control unit (FCCU) or a fuel cell controller. Figure 2 As shown, method 200 may include blocks 202 to 206 .

[0033] In box 202, the controller obtains the degree of aging of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system. During the use of the fuel cell system, the membrane electrode will age, and the aging will cause the parameters such as the porosity and thickness of the membrane electrode to change, thereby affecting the permeation rate of the membrane electrode to the gas. For example, in the fuel cell system 100, as the membrane electrode 102 ages, the thickness of the membrane electrode 102 may gradually become thinner, and the permeation rate of nitrogen in the cathode 103 through the membrane electrode 102 to the anode 101 may gradually increase. In some embodiments, the fuel cell system may be configured with a detection device for detecting the degree of aging of the membrane electrode, and the detection device may store the aging degree result of the membrane electrode obtained by the detection in a memory, so that the controller can obtain the degree of aging of the membrane electrode from the memory, and the controller may also directly obtain the detection result from the detection device.

[0034] In some embodiments, the detection device can control the temperature, humidity and pressure difference between the cathode and the anode of the membrane electrode within a predetermined range when the fuel cell system is shut down, and then measure the pressure change rate of the cathode, and use the pressure change rate as the aging degree of the membrane electrode. Since the anode of the fuel cell system will maintain pressure, after determining the initial pressure difference, the stop valve of the cathode circuit (such as the stop valve 113 and the stop valve 114 in the fuel cell system 100) can be closed to seal the cathode. At this time, the pressure of the cathode will change due to gas penetration. Under the same temperature, humidity and pressure difference conditions, if the aging degree of the membrane electrode is different, the gas permeation rate of the membrane electrode is also different, and the measured pressure change rate of the cathode is also different. Therefore, the aging degree of the membrane electrode can be characterized by the measured pressure change rate of the cathode. In some embodiments, the detection device can measure the pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system every time the fuel cell system is shut down, and store it in the memory as the aging degree of the membrane electrode, so that the aging degree stored in the memory can be updated in time when the actual aging degree of the membrane electrode changes, so that the aging degree in the memory can better reflect the actual situation of the membrane electrode. In some embodiments, the detection device can also Figure 4 In the method 400, the stored aging degree is updated. In some embodiments, the controller can implement the function of the detection device, for example, the controller and the detection device can be the same device.

[0035] In box 204, the controller determines the permeation rate of the target gas based on the degree of aging, wherein the permeation rate indicates the rate at which the target gas permeates from the cathode to the anode of the fuel cell system through the membrane electrode. Wherein, the target gas is the gas contained in the air of the cathode of the fuel cell system, including nitrogen, carbon dioxide and other gases. In some embodiments, the target gas is nitrogen. Since the gas in the air is mainly composed of nitrogen and oxygen, oxygen will react at the membrane electrode, so the gas that permeates from the cathode to the anode is mainly nitrogen. When considering the degree of aging of the membrane electrode and the permeation rate of the gas in the membrane electrode, only nitrogen can be considered to reduce the complexity of the calculation. The permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode is related to the degree of aging of the membrane electrode. Through a predefined relationship, the permeation rate can be determined based on the degree of aging. In some embodiments, the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode is also related to the state parameters of the fuel cell system. The state parameters may include, for example, but are not limited to, the temperature of the membrane electrode, the humidity of the membrane electrode, and the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell system. The controller can obtain the degree of aging of the membrane electrode and the state parameters of the fuel cell system to determine the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode.

[0036] In box 206, the controller controls the exhaust valve of the anode loop of the fuel cell system based on the permeation rate, wherein the exhaust valve is used to remove the target gas in the anode. In some embodiments, the controller can obtain the current density output by the fuel cell system at the current moment, and the fuel cell system's demand for the hydrogen concentration of the anode is related to the current density output by the fuel cell system. The controller can also obtain the correspondence between the pre-stored output current and the hydrogen concentration, and determine the required hydrogen concentration based on the current density output by the fuel cell system at the current moment. The controller can determine the duration or frequency of the exhaust valve opening that can discharge nitrogen so that the hydrogen maintains the required concentration based on the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode determined in box 204 and the required hydrogen concentration, and control the exhaust valve to remain open at this frequency or duration. In some embodiments, the exhaust valve of the fuel cell system is opened and closed according to a preset exhaust valve opening strategy corresponding to the output current density. The preset exhaust valve opening strategy corresponds to the reference permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode determined during calibration. By comparing the permeation rate determined in box 204 with the reference permeation rate determined during calibration, the controller can adjust the opening strategy of the exhaust valve. For example, when the currently determined permeation rate is greater than the reference permeation rate, the controller can increase the opening time of the exhaust valve. When the currently determined permeation rate is less than the reference permeation rate, the controller can reduce the opening time of the exhaust valve. In some embodiments, when the currently determined permeation rate is greater than the reference permeation rate, the controller can increase the opening frequency of the exhaust valve. When the currently determined permeation rate is less than the reference permeation rate, the controller can reduce the opening frequency of the exhaust valve.

[0037] In this way, method 200 can control the opening and closing of the exhaust valve of the anode loop based on the aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system. For example, when the permeation rate of nitrogen from the cathode to the anode increases due to the aging of the membrane electrode, the opening time of the exhaust valve can be increased, so as to ensure that the nitrogen is discharged and the hydrogen concentration of the anode is guaranteed. When the permeation rate of nitrogen from the anode to the cathode decreases, the opening time of the exhaust valve can be reduced, so as to avoid the waste of hydrogen. In this way, through method 200, flexible control of the exhaust valve of the fuel cell system can be achieved, so that the control of the exhaust valve can be combined with the actual situation of the fuel cell system, and the membrane electrode damage caused by the inappropriate exhaust valve opening strategy can be avoided, thereby increasing the reliability of the fuel cell system.

[0038] In some embodiments, the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode is related to the humidity of the membrane electrode, the temperature of the membrane electrode, the aging degree of the membrane electrode, and the pressure difference between the cathode and the anode of the fuel cell system. In the aforementioned box 204, the controller can obtain the temperature of the coolant used to cool the fuel cell from the sensor configured in the fuel cell system, thereby determining the temperature of the membrane electrode at the current moment; the controller can measure the humidity of the membrane electrode at the current moment by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS); the controller can determine the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode at the current moment based on the pressure sensors configured in the cathode and anode of the fuel cell system. In this way, the parameters for calculating the permeation rate can be obtained based on the original sensors of the fuel cell system, without adding additional sensors to the fuel cell system, which can reduce costs and is more feasible. The controller can input the obtained aging degree, the temperature and humidity of the membrane electrode at the current moment, and the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode at the current moment into the predefined permeation rate calculation model corresponding to the target gas, thereby determining the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode at the current moment. In some embodiments, the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode is related to the thickness of the membrane electrode. The controller can determine the thickness of the membrane electrode based on the acquired aging degree and the predefined correspondence between the aging degree and the thickness, thereby determining the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode.

[0039] In some embodiments, the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode can be calculated by the following formula:

[0040] N=D(T)×S(h, T)×A×P / d(dp / dt) (1)

[0041] Where N is the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode, and the unit can be, for example, mol·s -1 , D(T) is the diffusion rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode, and the unit can be, for example, cm 2 ·s -1 , S(h,T) is the solubility of the target gas in the membrane electrode, and the unit can be, for example, mol·cm -3 ·Pa -1 , A is the area of ​​the membrane electrode, the unit can be cm 2, P is the pressure difference between the anode and cathode of the membrane electrode, and the unit can be, for example, Pa, and d (dp / dt) is the thickness of the membrane electrode, and the unit can be, for example, cm. Among them, the diffusion rate D (T) of the target gas in the membrane electrode is a function of the temperature T, which can be determined by preliminary experiments. When the fuel cell system is running, the controller can determine the diffusion rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode at the current moment based on the temperature of the membrane electrode at the current moment based on the function D (T). The solubility S (h, T) of the target gas in the membrane electrode is a function of the humidity T and the temperature h, which can be determined by preliminary experiments. When the fuel cell system is running, the controller can determine the solubility of the target gas in the membrane electrode at the current moment based on the temperature and humidity of the membrane electrode at the current moment based on the function S (h, T). The thickness of the membrane electrode d(dp / dt) is a function of the aging degree of the membrane electrode dp / dt. The function d(dp / dt) describing the relationship between the thickness of the membrane electrode and the aging degree of the membrane electrode can be determined in advance through experiments, so that the controller can determine the thickness of the membrane electrode based on d(dp / dt) and the aging degree of the membrane electrode. In some embodiments, the specific functional relationship between D(T), S(h,T) and d(dp / dt) is pre-stored in the memory of the controller, and the area A of the membrane electrode is also pre-stored in the memory of the controller. At any time when the fuel cell is running, the controller can determine the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode based on the real-time acquired temperature of the membrane electrode, the humidity of the membrane electrode, the aging degree of the membrane electrode, and the pressure difference between the cathode and the anode of the fuel cell system on the basis of formula (1).

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a scenario 300 in which a controller controls an exhaust valve according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. In the scenario 300, a controller 301 is included, and the controller 301 can control the opening or closing of an exhaust valve 302, and the exhaust valve 302 can be, for example, the exhaust valve 109 in the aforementioned fuel cell system 100. In some embodiments, the controller 301 can also control the operating state of the fuel cell system, for example, in the aforementioned fuel cell system 100, the opening or closing of the gas supply valve 108 or the exhaust valve 109 can be controlled, and the opening or closing of the stop valve 110, the stop valve 111, the stop valve 113, or the stop valve 114 can also be controlled.

[0043] In the scenario 300, the controller 301 may include a permeation rate determination unit 303 and an exhaust valve control unit 304. The permeation rate determination unit 303 may obtain parameters for determining the permeation rate, such as the aging degree of the membrane electrode, the humidity of the membrane electrode, the temperature of the membrane electrode, and the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell system, on which the permeation rate determination unit 303 may determine the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode, and the exhaust valve control unit 304 may control the exhaust valve 302 based on the permeation rate determined by the permeation rate determination unit 303.

[0044] Exemplarily, the permeation rate determination unit 303 can obtain the aging degree of the membrane electrode from the memory 305. The memory 305 can be a memory in the controller 301 or a memory in a detection device for detecting the aging degree. The present disclosure does not limit this. The aging degree stored in the memory 305 can be the aging degree of the membrane electrode detected by the detection device last time. The aging degree can be, for example, the pressure change rate of the cathode measured under predetermined conditions when the fuel cell system was shut down last time. The permeation rate determination unit 303 can obtain temperature data from the temperature sensor 306 to determine the temperature of the membrane electrode. The temperature sensor 306 can be, for example, a sensor configured in the fuel cell system for measuring the temperature of the membrane electrode. In some embodiments, the temperature sensor 306 can be a sensor for measuring the temperature of the coolant in the cooling system of the fuel cell. The permeation rate determination unit 303 can obtain the temperature of the coolant from the sensor and use it as the temperature of the membrane electrode. In this way, in the case where there is no sensor specifically configured to measure the temperature of the membrane electrode in the fuel cell system, the permeation rate determination unit 303 can also obtain the temperature of the membrane electrode. The permeation rate determination unit 303 can obtain pressure parameters from the pressure sensors 307 configured at the cathode and anode of the fuel cell system, thereby determining the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode. The permeation rate determination unit 303 can obtain the humidity of the membrane electrode from the humidity measurement module 308, wherein the humidity measurement module 308 can measure the humidity of the membrane electrode through high-frequency impedance technology, and the humidity measurement module 308 can be configured in the DC-DC of the fuel cell system, for example. In some embodiments, the humidity measurement module 308 can also be a sensor specially configured for measuring humidity.

[0045] Based on the acquired aging degree, temperature, humidity and pressure difference, the permeation rate determination unit 303 can determine the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode, for example, by the aforementioned formula (1). During the operation of the fuel cell system, various parameters may change, and the permeation rate determination unit 303 can obtain the aging degree, temperature, humidity and pressure difference in real time, and calculate the permeation rate of the target gas in the membrane electrode in real time. The permeation rate determination unit 303 can send the determined permeation rate to the exhaust valve control unit 304, so that the exhaust valve control unit 304 can control the exhaust valve 302. For example, in the case where the permeation rate determined by the permeation rate determination unit 303 is not obtained, the exhaust valve control unit 304 can control the exhaust valve 302 to open and close according to the predefined opening frequency and opening duration based on the predefined reference permeation rate. In the case where the permeation rate determined by the permeation rate determination unit 303 is obtained, the exhaust valve control unit 304 can compare it with the reference permeation rate, and then adjust the opening duration and opening frequency of the exhaust valve 302.

[0046] In some embodiments, the target gas is nitrogen, and the exhaust valve control unit 304 can determine the amount of nitrogen accumulated in the anode of the fuel cell system based on the permeation rate of nitrogen in the membrane electrode determined by the permeation rate determination unit 303 (for the convenience of explanation, represented by M1), and control the opening and closing of the exhaust valve on this basis. Exemplarily, the exhaust valve control unit 304 can determine the total amount of nitrogen diffused from the cathode to the anode from the moment the fuel cell is started to the current moment based on the permeation rate (for the convenience of explanation, represented by M2), the exhaust valve control unit 304 can obtain the amount of nitrogen initially present in the anode when the fuel cell system is started (for the convenience of explanation, represented by M3), and determine the amount of nitrogen that has been discharged through the exhaust valve before the current moment based on the opening history of the exhaust valve (for the convenience of explanation, represented by M4), so that the fuel cell can determine the amount of nitrogen accumulated in the anode M1 = M2 + M3 - M4, and the fuel cell can determine the opening time of the exhaust valve based on this, combined with the permeation rate of nitrogen in the membrane electrode, so as to discharge the nitrogen in the anode.

[0047] It should be noted that the above embodiment only shows a scenario in which the controller controls the exhaust valve as an example. In some embodiments, the controller 301 may include more or fewer units. In some embodiments, the controller 301 may obtain parameters for determining the permeation rate from other devices. In some embodiments, the controller 301 may also determine the trend of the change in the hydrogen concentration at the anode based on the real-time permeation rate of the membrane electrode and the real-time output current density of the fuel cell system, and on this basis control the opening and closing of the intake valve and the opening and closing of the exhaust valve, so that the anode of the fuel cell system maintains a hydrogen concentration that matches the output current density.

[0048] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system is taken into account when controlling the exhaust valve of the fuel cell system. The aging degree of the membrane electrode can be characterized by the pressure change rate of the cathode measured under predetermined conditions. In order to make the measured aging degree of the membrane electrode reflect the actual situation of the membrane electrode, the measured aging degree can be updated in time. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a method 400 for updating the aging degree of a membrane electrode of a fuel cell system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The method 400 may be performed by a detection device for detecting the aging degree of a membrane electrode, and the detection device may be, for example, a chip or a chip system, and may be implemented by software and / or hardware. In some embodiments, the detection device and the aforementioned controller are the same device, for example, the detection device may be an FCCU in a fuel cell system. Figure 4 As shown, method 400 may include blocks 402 to 408 .

[0049] In block 402, the detection device obtains the aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, wherein the aging degree includes a first pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system at a first moment. The aging degree of the membrane electrode obtained by the detection device may be pre-stored in a memory, for example, measured by the detection device at the first moment and stored in the memory. The memory may be configured in the detection device, or may be an independent memory, or may be a cloud memory, or may be a Figure 3 In some embodiments, the detection device acquiring the first pressure change rate may also include, at a first moment, the detection device measuring the first pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system and storing it in the memory.

[0050] In box 404, the detection device obtains the state parameters of the fuel cell system when the fuel cell system is in a shutdown state. The state parameters of the fuel cell system may be, for example, parameters that affect the permeation rate of the gas in the membrane electrode, and may include but are not limited to the humidity of the membrane electrode, the temperature of the membrane electrode, and the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell system. In some embodiments, the fuel cell system may be configured with a controller that can collect and process the state parameters of the fuel cell system in real time, and the detection device may obtain the state parameters from the controller. In some embodiments, the detection device may obtain the state parameters from a specific module for collecting state parameters, for example, the humidity of the membrane electrode may be obtained from a humidity measurement module, the temperature of the membrane electrode may be obtained from a temperature sensor, and the pressure of the anode and cathode may be obtained from a pressure sensor to determine the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode. The humidity measurement module may be, for example, Figure 3 In the humidity measurement module 308, the temperature sensor may be, for example, Figure 3The temperature sensor 306 in the pressure sensor may be, for example, Figure 3 The pressure sensor 307 in.

[0051] In box 406, the detection device determines the second pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system at the second moment in response to the state parameter being within the predetermined range, wherein the second moment is after the first moment. In some embodiments, the second moment is the stage after the fuel cell system is shut down and purged. After the fuel cell system stops discharging, a large amount of air can be blown into the stack to take away the moisture in the membrane electrode. This stage can be called the shutdown purge stage. After the shutdown purge, the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system is in a dry state, in which the humidity and temperature of the membrane electrode are not easy to change significantly. Measuring the pressure change rate of the cathode at this stage can avoid the influence of the state parameter fluctuation on the measurement result, so that the measured pressure change rate is only related to the aging degree of the membrane electrode, so that the measurement result is more accurate. In order to avoid the influence of other variables on the measurement result of the aging degree, the detection device can also detect the state parameter of the fuel cell system, and measure the pressure change rate of the cathode when it is within the predetermined range. For example, the pressure change rate of the cathode can be measured when the humidity of the membrane electrode is within the predetermined humidity range, the temperature of the membrane electrode is within the predetermined temperature range, and the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode is within the predetermined pressure difference range. For a fuel cell system, the predetermined range is preset, and each time the aging degree is updated, the value of the predetermined range is the same, which can further eliminate interference and make the measurement result more accurate.

[0052] In some embodiments, the detection device may close the cathode and anode of the fuel cell system when the pressure difference between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell system is a predefined pressure difference value, for example, in the fuel cell system 100, close 110, shut-off valve 111, shut-off valve 113 and shut-off valve 114, and then measure the pressure change rate of the cathode. In some embodiments, the detection device may maintain the pressure of the anode and close the cathode when the pressure difference between the anode and cathode of the fuel cell system is a predefined pressure difference value, for example, close the shut-off valve 113 and the shut-off valve 114 in the fuel cell system 100, and then measure the pressure change rate of the cathode. In some embodiments, the detection device may measure the pressure change of the cathode within 5 seconds after the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode is 1 bar, and calculate the pressure change rate of the cathode. It should be understood that the description of measuring the pressure change rate in the embodiments of the present disclosure is only schematic, and the present disclosure includes but is not limited to this.

[0053] In box 408, the detection device updates the first pressure change rate based on the second pressure change rate, thereby updating the aging degree. After the detection device measures the second pressure change rate, the detection device can update the first pressure change rate obtained in box 402. Since the second moment is after the first moment, the updated pressure change rate can better reflect the real-time aging degree of the membrane electrode. In some embodiments, the detection device can replace the first pressure change rate stored in the memory with the second pressure change rate, so that the aging degree stored in the memory is updated. In some embodiments, the detection device can determine the average value of the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate, and replace the first pressure change rate stored in the memory with the average value, thereby updating the aging degree of the membrane electrode stored in the memory. The detection device can execute method 400 every time the fuel cell system is in a shutdown state, and update the aging degree stored in the memory, so that the aging degree can reflect the true state of the membrane electrode, and the aging degree stored in the memory is more accurate.

[0054] In some embodiments, in the aforementioned box 402, when the pressure change rate indicating the degree of aging of the membrane electrode is not stored in the memory, the detection device can measure the pressure change rate of the cathode at the first moment when the fuel cell system is in the shutdown and purge stage, referring to the method in box 406, and store it as the degree of aging of the membrane electrode at the first moment.

[0055] In some embodiments, in box 408, the detection device may compare the second pressure change rate with the first pressure change rate, and update the aging degree in the memory when the difference between the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate is within a predefined range. When the difference between the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate exceeds the predefined range, the detection device may discard the measured second pressure change rate, so that the aging degree stored in the memory remains at the first pressure change rate measured last time. In this way, it is possible to avoid storing an erroneous result when an accidental erroneous result occurs, thereby making the aging degree of the membrane electrode stored in the memory more accurate.

[0056] In some embodiments, the detection device may determine that the aging degree measurement is abnormal when the difference between the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate exceeds a predetermined range. When the detection device performs method 400 multiple times, that is, determines the pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system multiple times, the detection device may count the number of times the aging degree measurement is continuously determined to be abnormal. When the number of times the aging degree measurement is continuously determined to be abnormal is greater than a predefined abnormal threshold, the detection device may determine that the membrane electrode is in an abnormal state. If the result of each measurement is very different from the aging degree result stored in the memory, it indicates that the aging degree of the membrane electrode has a sudden change. At this time, it can be determined that the membrane electrode is in an abnormal state, for example, the membrane electrode has a perforation or other damage. In some embodiments, the detection device may send abnormal indication information when it is determined that the membrane electrode is in an abnormal state, so as to remind the controller or the user that the membrane electrode is in an abnormal state. In this way, the detection device can monitor the abnormal state of the membrane electrode based on the detection result of the aging degree of the membrane electrode, and can issue a reminder in time when the membrane electrode is damaged, thereby improving the reliability of the fuel cell system.

[0057] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a method 500 for updating the aging degree of a membrane electrode of a fuel cell system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. In the method 500, the aging degree of the membrane electrode is expressed in the form of a pressure change rate. Figure 5As shown, the method 500 may include frames 502 to 516. In frame 502, the detection device determines that the fuel cell system is in a shutdown state and is in a post-purge stage. In frame 504, the detection device obtains the state parameters of the fuel cell system, such as the temperature of the membrane electrode, the humidity of the membrane electrode, and the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode. In frame 506, the detection device determines whether the state parameters of the fuel cell system are within a predetermined range. In the case where the state parameters are within the predetermined range, for example, the temperature of the membrane electrode is within the predetermined temperature range, the humidity of the membrane electrode is within the predetermined humidity range, and the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell system is within the predetermined pressure difference range, the detection device executes frame 508. In the case where the state parameters are no longer within the predetermined range, for example, when any one of the temperature of the membrane electrode, the humidity of the membrane electrode, or the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode exceeds the predetermined range, the detection device executes frame 514. In frame 508, the detection device measures the pressure change rate of the cathode, which is referred to as the second pressure change rate for ease of explanation. In frame 510, the detection device determines the difference between the pressure change rate stored in the memory (referred to as the first pressure change rate for ease of explanation) and the second pressure change rate. In box 512, the detection device determines whether the difference between the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate is within a predetermined pressure change rate range. If so, execute box 516, if not, execute box 514. In box 514, the detection device keeps the value of the first pressure change rate stored in the memory unchanged. In box 516, the detection device determines the average value of the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate. In box 518, the detection device deletes the original value of the first pressure change rate in the memory, and stores the average value of the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate in the memory as the new first pressure change rate. By executing the above method 500, the detection device can update the aging degree stored in the memory so that it can more accurately reflect the true state of the membrane electrode.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 4 Method 400 or Figure 5 The method 500 can be combined with the aforementioned Figure 2 The method 200 in the embodiment can be implemented in combination. For example, the controller can execute method 200 to control the exhaust valve of the anode loop when the fuel cell system is running, and execute method 400 or method 500 to determine the aging degree of the membrane electrode and update the aging degree stored in the memory when the fuel cell system is in a shutdown state.

[0059] Figure 6 1 shows a block diagram of a device 600 for controlling exhaust gas of a fuel cell system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 600 may correspond to the controller in the aforementioned method embodiment, for example. Figure 6As shown, the device 600 includes an aging degree acquisition module 610, which is configured to acquire the aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system. The device 600 also includes a permeation rate determination module 620, which is configured to determine the permeation rate of the target gas based on the aging degree, wherein the permeation rate indicates the rate at which the target gas permeates from the cathode of the fuel cell system to the anode of the fuel cell system through the membrane electrode. In addition, the device 600 also includes an exhaust valve control module 630, which is configured to control the exhaust valve of the anode loop of the fuel cell system based on the permeation rate, wherein the exhaust valve is used to discharge the target gas in the anode.

[0060] In some embodiments, the aging degree includes a first pressure change rate of a cathode of the fuel cell system at a first moment, and the aging degree acquisition module 610 includes a first change rate acquisition unit configured to acquire the first pressure change rate from a memory.

[0061] In some embodiments, the device 600 also includes: a state parameter acquisition module, configured to acquire the state parameters of the fuel cell system when the fuel cell system is in a shutdown state; a second pressure change rate determination module, configured to determine the second pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system at a second moment in response to the state parameter being within a predetermined range, wherein the second moment is after the first moment; and an update module, configured to update the first pressure change rate in the memory based on the second pressure change rate as an updated aging degree when the difference between the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate is less than or equal to a predetermined pressure change rate threshold.

[0062] In some embodiments, the state parameters include a first humidity of a membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, a first temperature of the membrane electrode, and a first pressure difference between an anode and a cathode of the fuel cell system, and the state parameters within a predetermined range include: the first humidity is within a predetermined humidity range, the first temperature is within a predetermined temperature range, and the first pressure difference is within a predetermined pressure difference range.

[0063] In some embodiments, the permeation rate determination module 620 includes: a humidity acquisition unit configured to acquire a second humidity of the membrane electrode; a pressure difference acquisition unit configured to acquire a second pressure difference between an anode and a cathode of the fuel cell system; a temperature acquisition unit configured to acquire a second temperature of the membrane electrode; a thickness determination unit configured to determine the thickness of the membrane electrode based on the degree of aging; and a permeation rate determination unit configured to determine the permeation rate based on the second humidity, the second pressure difference, the second temperature and the thickness.

[0064] In some embodiments, the exhaust valve control module 630 includes: a first control unit configured to increase the opening time of the exhaust valve in response to a permeation rate greater than a baseline permeation rate; and a second control unit configured to decrease the opening time of the exhaust valve in response to a permeation rate less than the baseline permeation rate.

[0065] Figure 7 1 shows a block diagram of a device 700 for updating the aging degree of a membrane electrode of a fuel cell system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 700 may correspond to the detection device in the aforementioned method embodiment, for example. Figure 7 As shown, the device 700 includes an aging degree acquisition module 710, which is configured to acquire the aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, wherein the aging degree includes a first pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system at a first moment. The device 700 also includes a state parameter acquisition module 720, which is configured to acquire the state parameter of the fuel cell system when the fuel cell system is in a shutdown state. The device 700 also includes a change rate determination module 730, which is configured to determine a second pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system at a second moment in response to the state parameter being within a predetermined range, wherein the second moment is after the first moment. In addition, the device 700 also includes an aging degree update module 740, which is configured to update the first pressure change rate based on the second pressure change rate to update the aging degree.

[0066] In some embodiments, the aging degree updating module 740 includes a pressure change rate updating unit configured to update the first pressure change rate based on the second pressure change rate in response to a difference between the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate being within a predetermined pressure change rate range.

[0067] In some embodiments, the state parameters include the humidity of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, the temperature of the membrane electrode, and the pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell system, and the state parameters within a predetermined range include: the humidity is within a predetermined humidity range, the temperature is within a predetermined temperature range, and the pressure difference is within a predetermined pressure difference range.

[0068] In some embodiments, the device 700 also includes: a measurement abnormality determination module, configured to determine an aging degree measurement abnormality in response to the difference between the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate being outside a predetermined pressure change rate range; a continuous measurement module, configured to determine the pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system multiple times; a membrane electrode abnormality determination module, configured to determine that the membrane electrode is in an abnormal state in response to the number of consecutive determinations of the aging degree measurement abnormality being greater than a predetermined abnormality threshold; and a sending module, configured to send abnormality indication information, wherein the abnormality indication information is used to indicate that the membrane electrode is in an abnormal state.

[0069] Figure 8 A schematic block diagram of an example device 800 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, and the device 800 can be, for example, a controller of a fuel cell system. As shown, the device 800 includes a computing unit 801, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to computer program instructions stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 802 or computer program instructions loaded from a storage unit 808 into a random access memory (RAM) 803. In RAM 803, various programs and data required for the operation of the device 800 can also be stored. The computing unit 801, ROM 802, and RAM 803 are connected to each other via a bus 804. An input / output (I / O) interface 805 is also connected to the bus 804.

[0070] A number of components in the device 800 are connected to the I / O interface 805, including: an input unit 806, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 807, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 808, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 809, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 809 allows the device 800 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0071] The computing unit 801 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 801 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any appropriate processors, controllers, microcontrollers, etc. The computing unit 801 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as method 200, method 400, or method 500. For example, in some embodiments, method 200, method 400, or method 500 may be implemented as a computer software program, which is tangibly included in a machine-readable medium, such as a storage unit 808. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the device 800 via ROM 802 and / or communication unit 809. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 803 and executed by the computing unit 801, one or more steps of method 200, method 400, or method 500 described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 801 may be configured to execute the method 200 , the method 400 , or the method 500 in any other appropriate manner (eg, by means of firmware).

[0072] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a fuel cell system, which includes a membrane electrode, an exhaust valve and a controller, wherein the controller can execute the method executed by the controller or the detection device in the aforementioned method embodiment, thereby controlling the exhaust valve.

[0073] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned fuel cell system.

[0074] The functions described above herein may be performed at least in part by one or more hardware logic components. For example, without limitation, exemplary types of hardware logic components that may be used include: field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chip systems (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), and the like.

[0075] The program code for implementing the method of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, enables the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The program code may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0076] In the context of the present disclosure, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or equipment. A machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In addition, although each operation is depicted in a specific order, this should be understood as requiring such operations to be performed in the specific order shown or in a sequential order, or requiring that all illustrated operations should be performed to obtain the desired result. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Certain features described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in a single implementation in combination. On the contrary, the various features described in the context of a single implementation can also be implemented in multiple implementations individually or in any suitable sub-combination.

[0077] Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological logical actions, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. On the contrary, the specific features and actions described above are merely example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A method for controlling exhaust of a fuel cell system, comprising: Obtaining the aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system; determining a permeation rate of a target gas based on the degree of aging, wherein the permeation rate indicates a rate at which the target gas permeates through the membrane electrode from a cathode of the fuel cell system to an anode of the fuel cell system; as well as Based on the permeation rate, an exhaust valve of an anode loop of the fuel cell system is controlled, wherein the exhaust valve is used to exhaust the target gas in the anode.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the aging degree comprises a first pressure change rate of a cathode of the fuel cell system at a first moment, and obtaining the aging degree of a membrane electrode of the fuel cell system comprises: The first pressure change rate is obtained from a memory.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: When the fuel cell system is in a shutdown state, obtaining a state parameter of the fuel cell system; In response to the state parameter being within a predetermined range, determining a second pressure change rate of a cathode of the fuel cell system at a second time, wherein the second time is after the first time; as well as When the difference between the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate is within a predetermined pressure change rate range, the first pressure change rate in the memory is updated based on the second pressure change rate to serve as the updated aging degree.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the state parameters include a first humidity of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, a first temperature of the membrane electrode, and a first pressure difference between an anode and a cathode of the fuel cell system, and the state parameters include within a predetermined range: The first humidity is within a predetermined humidity range, the first temperature is within a predetermined temperature range, and the first pressure difference is within a predetermined pressure difference range.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein determining the permeation rate of the target gas comprises: Acquiring a second humidity of the membrane electrode, a second pressure difference between the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell system, and a second temperature of the membrane electrode; Based on the aging degree, determining the thickness of the membrane electrode; as well as The permeation rate is determined based on the second humidity, the second pressure differential, the second temperature, and the thickness.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein controlling the exhaust valve of the anode loop of the fuel cell system comprises: In response to the permeation rate being greater than a reference permeation rate, increasing the opening time of the exhaust valve; as well as In response to the permeation rate being less than the reference permeation rate, the opening time of the exhaust valve is reduced.

7. A method for updating the aging degree of a membrane electrode of a fuel cell system, comprising: Acquiring an aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, wherein the aging degree includes a first pressure change rate of a cathode of the fuel cell system at a first moment; When the fuel cell system is in a shutdown state, obtaining a state parameter of the fuel cell system; In response to the state parameter being within a predetermined range, determining a second pressure change rate of a cathode of the fuel cell system at a second time, wherein the second time is after the first time; as well as The first pressure change rate is updated based on the second pressure change rate to update the aging degree.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein updating the first rate of pressure change based on the second rate of pressure change comprises: In response to a difference between the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate being within a predetermined pressure change rate range, the first pressure change rate is updated based on the second pressure change rate.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the state parameters include humidity of a membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, temperature of the membrane electrode, and a pressure difference between an anode and a cathode of the fuel cell system, and the state parameters include within a predetermined range: The humidity is within a predetermined humidity range, the temperature is within a predetermined temperature range, and the pressure difference is within a predetermined pressure difference range.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, further comprising: In response to a difference between the second pressure change rate and the first pressure change rate being outside a predetermined pressure change rate range, determining that the aging degree measurement is abnormal; determining a rate of change of pressure at a cathode of the fuel cell system a plurality of times; In response to the number of times that the aging degree measurement is abnormal continuously being determined to be greater than a predetermined abnormal threshold, determining that the membrane electrode is in an abnormal state; as well as Abnormal indication information is sent, wherein the abnormal indication information is used to indicate that the membrane electrode is in an abnormal state.

11. A device for controlling exhaust of a fuel cell system, comprising: An aging degree acquisition module, configured to acquire the aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system; a permeation rate determination module configured to determine a permeation rate of a target gas based on the aging degree, wherein the permeation rate indicates a rate at which the target gas permeates through the membrane electrode from a cathode of the fuel cell system to an anode of the fuel cell system; and The exhaust valve control module is configured to control an exhaust valve of an anode loop of the fuel cell system based on the permeation rate, wherein the exhaust valve is used to exhaust the target gas in the anode.

12. A device for updating the aging degree of a membrane electrode of a fuel cell system, comprising: an aging degree acquisition module, configured to acquire an aging degree of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell system, wherein the aging degree includes a first pressure change rate of a cathode of the fuel cell system at a first moment; A state parameter acquisition module, configured to acquire a state parameter of the fuel cell system when the fuel cell system is in a shutdown state; a change rate determination module configured to determine, in response to the state parameter being within a predetermined range, a second pressure change rate of the cathode of the fuel cell system at a second moment, wherein the second moment is after the first moment; as well as The aging degree updating module is configured to update the first pressure change rate based on the second pressure change rate to update the aging degree.

13. A controller comprising: processor; as well as A memory coupled to the processor, the memory having instructions stored therein, wherein when the instructions are executed by the processor, the controller executes the method according to any one of claims 1-6 or 7-10.

14. A fuel cell system comprising: Membrane electrode; Exhaust valve; as well as A controller according to claim 13.

15. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-6 or 7-10.

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