A mapping and demapping method of a transmission frame and related device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application disclose a mapping and demapping method of a transmission frame and related equipment. The method comprises the following steps. Firstly, a plurality of first code block streams are acquired. The plurality of first code block streams belong to the same service, and each of the plurality of first code block streams comprises a plurality of code blocks. Then, the plurality of first code block streams are interleaved based on the code blocks to obtain a second code block stream. Next, the second code block stream is mapped into a transmission frame, and indication information is inserted into the transmission frame. The indication information is used to determine the position of the second code block stream in the transmission frame. Further, the transmission frame is transmitted. The present application sequentially interleaves a plurality of code block streams based on the granularity of the code blocks, and then maps the interleaved code block stream into the transmission frame. Compared with the mode of mapping each code block stream respectively, the present application simplifies the mapping mode.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. CN202211674929.3, filed on December 26, 2022, entitled "A Mapping and Demapping Method and Related Device for Transmission Frames", and Chinese Patent Application No. CN202310288308.X, filed on March 15, 2023, entitled "A Mapping and Demapping Method and Related Device for Transmission Frames", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of optical communication, and in particular to a method for mapping and demapping transmission frames and related equipment. Background Technology

[0003] Optical Transport Network (OTN) has become the mainstream technology for transport networks due to its high bandwidth, large capacity, high reliability, and low latency, and is widely used in backbone, metropolitan area core, and aggregation networks.

[0004] The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) has preliminarily completed the definition of the 800GE Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) in 802.3. It has made appropriate optimizations to the 2*400GE PCS structure proposed by the Ethernet Alliance, achieving 4:1 bit multiplexing from the PCS to the Physical Medium Attachment (PMA), allowing multiplexing of two 400G data streams. Currently, the industry has not yet designed a mapping method for 800GE services, while existing mapping methods for 400GE services are based on 66-bit code block streams, making the mapping process relatively complex. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method and related apparatus for mapping and demapping transmission frames. Multiple code block streams are interleaved sequentially at the code block level, and then the interleaved code block stream is mapped to a transmission frame. Compared to mapping each code block stream separately, the solution provided in this application simplifies the mapping process.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for mapping a transmission frame. First, multiple first code block streams are acquired. These multiple first code block streams belong to the same service, and each of the multiple first code block streams includes multiple code blocks. Then, the multiple first code block streams are interleaved based on the code blocks to obtain a second code block stream. Next, the second code block stream is mapped into a transmission frame, and indication information is inserted into the transmission frame. The indication information is used to determine the position of the second code block stream within the transmission frame. Finally, the transmission frame is sent.

[0007] In this embodiment, multiple code block streams are interleaved sequentially at the code block level, and then the interleaved code block stream is mapped to a transmission frame. Compared to mapping each code block stream separately, the solution provided in this application simplifies the mapping process. Furthermore, the transmission frame carries indication information that can indicate the position of code blocks within the transmission frame, facilitating rapid identification of code block positions during demapping of the transmission frame.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the size of a code block in the first code block stream is 257 bits. That is, this application uses a 257-bit code block stream, which, unlike the 66-bit code block stream, offers higher carrying efficiency. Furthermore, the first two bits of a 66-bit code block are a synchronization header, meaning each 66-bit code block requires synchronization processing, resulting in high complexity. This application, however, inserts indication information into the transmission frame. This indication information allows the position of the code block within the transmission frame to be determined, avoiding the complex processing of code block synchronization.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the mapping method further includes: synchronizing multiple first code block streams to maintain alignment of the multiple first code block streams.

[0010] In some possible implementations, inserting the indication information into the transport frame includes inserting the indication information into the overhead region of the transport frame. It should be understood that the indication information inserted into the overhead region can also be called a "block boundary indication," which directly determines the position or boundary of a code block in the payload region. In this way, the entire payload region can be used to carry code blocks from the second code block stream, allowing the transport frame to carry as many code blocks as possible.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the transmission frame is an Optical Data Unit (ODU) frame, and inserting the indication information into the overhead area of ​​the transmission frame includes inserting the indication information into the 15th and 16th columns of the 1st to 3rd rows, or the 15th and 16th columns of the 4th row, in the overhead area.

[0012] In some possible implementations, inserting the indication information into the transmission frame includes inserting the indication information into the payload area of ​​the transmission frame, where the number of code blocks carried by the payload area is an integer. It should be understood that since the payload area carries an integer number of code blocks, and a fixed number of bits of indication information are inserted into the payload area, the position of the code blocks can be indirectly determined by combining the frame boundary with the insertion position of the indication information, thus expanding the implementation methods of this application.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the transmission frame is an ODU frame, the size of the indication information is 38 bits, and the payload area carries 474 code blocks of size 257 bits.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the method further includes: verifying code blocks in the transmitted frame to obtain verification information, and inserting the verification information into the payload area. It should be understood that the verification information can be used to protect the valid data carried in the payload area, thereby improving transmission reliability.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the transmission frame is an ODU frame, and the payload area carries 474 code blocks of size 257 bits. The indication information includes a first indication information of size 3 bits and a second indication information of size 3 bits. Verification of the code blocks in the transmission frame yields verification information including: verifying the code blocks carried in the first and second rows of the payload area to obtain a first Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC-16), and verifying the code blocks carried in the third and fourth rows of the payload area to obtain a second CRC-16.

[0016] In some possible implementations, inserting indication information into the transmission frame includes inserting the indication information into the overhead area of ​​the transmission frame. The method further includes: verifying the code blocks in the transmission frame to obtain verification information, and inserting the verification information into the payload area. The number of code blocks carried by the overhead area and the payload area is an integer. In this implementation, since the verification information is inserted into the payload area, the space of the payload area is insufficient to carry an integer number of code blocks. Therefore, borrowing part of the space in the overhead area to jointly carry the code blocks improves the flexibility of this scheme.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the transmission frame is an ODU frame, with the 16th column of the overhead area and the payload area carrying 474 code blocks of 257 bits each. The indication information includes a first indication information of 3 bits and a second indication information of 3 bits each. Verification of the code blocks in the transmission frame yields verification information by checking the code blocks carried in each row of the payload and overhead areas to obtain the corresponding CRC-16. In this implementation, verification is performed on code blocks in each row, reducing buffering and latency.

[0018] In some possible implementations, mapping the second code block stream to the transmission frame includes using a bit synchronous mapping procedure (BMP) to map the second code block stream to the transmission frame. That is, the mapping method provided in this application can be adapted to Constant Bit Rate (CBR) bearers.

[0019] In some possible implementations, obtaining multiple first code block streams includes: obtaining a third code block stream, where the size of each code block in the third code block stream is 257 bits; transcoding the third code block stream to obtain a fourth code block stream, where the size of each code block in the fourth code block stream is 66 bits; performing rate adaptation on the fourth code block stream to obtain a fifth code block stream; distributing the fifth code block stream to obtain multiple sixth code block streams; and transcoding each of the multiple sixth code block streams to obtain multiple first code block streams. In other words, the mapping method provided in this application can be adapted to packet (PKT) bearers.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the service rate is 800GE or 1.6TE.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for mapping transmission frames. First, a code block stream is acquired. Then, the code block stream is mapped onto the transmission frame, and indication information is inserted into the transmission frame. The indication information is used to determine the position of the code block stream within the transmission frame. The transmission frame, starting from the beginning, sequentially includes a first overhead area, a first payload area, a second overhead area, and a second payload area. Finally, the transmission frame is transmitted.

[0022] In this implementation, the transmission frame includes two overhead regions, effectively expanding the overhead area and accelerating the transmission rate of overhead information, thus improving performance. Furthermore, indicator information is inserted into the transmission frame, allowing the location of code blocks within the frame to be determined. This facilitates rapid identification of code block locations during demapping of the transmission frame, avoiding the complex processing of code block synchronization.

[0023] In some possible implementations, the size of a code block in the code block stream is 66 bits or 257 bits.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the transmission frame comprises 4 rows and 3824 columns of bytes. Columns 1 to 16 of the transmission frame constitute the first overhead area, columns 17 to 1904 constitute the first payload area, columns 1905 to 1920 constitute the second overhead area, and columns 1921 to 3824 constitute the second payload area.

[0025] In some possible implementations, inserting the indication information into the transmission frame includes inserting the indication information into a first overhead area and / or a second overhead area. This allows both the first and second payload areas to be used entirely to carry code blocks in the code block stream, enabling the transmission frame to carry as many code blocks as possible.

[0026] In some possible implementations, inserting the indication information into the first overhead area includes inserting the indication information into the 15th and / or 16th columns of rows 1 to 3 in the first overhead area.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the indication information includes three indication sub-information pieces, all of which have the same value. Inserting the indication information into the 15th and / or 16th columns of rows 1 to 3 of the first overhead area includes: inserting each of the three indication sub-information pieces into the 15th column of rows 1 to 3 of the first overhead area; or, inserting each of the three indication sub-information pieces into the 16th column of rows 1 to 3 of the first overhead area; or, inserting each of the three indication sub-information pieces into the 15th and 16th columns of rows 1 to 3 of the first overhead area. In this implementation, all three indication sub-information pieces are used to indicate the position of the code block. The receiving end can receive all three indication sub-information pieces, and even if one of them is transmitted incorrectly, a large number decision can be used to determine the valid indication sub-information, thereby determining the accurate position of the code block.

[0028] In some possible implementations, there are multiple transmission frames, and each group consists of N consecutive transmission frames. The values ​​of the N indicator information in each group of N transmission frames increase sequentially. The values ​​of the N indicator information in any group of N transmission frames are the same as the values ​​of the N indicator information in any other group of N transmission frames. N is an integer greater than 1.

[0029] In some possible implementations, the indication information includes four indication sub-informations, the values ​​of which are sequentially increased. Inserting the indication information into the first or second overhead area includes: sequentially inserting the four indication sub-informations into rows 1 to 4 of the first overhead area or rows 1 to 4 of the second overhead area in ascending order of their values.

[0030] In some possible implementations, inserting the indication information into the transmission frame includes inserting the indication information into a second payload area. The number of code blocks carried by the first and second payload areas is an integer. It should be understood that since the first and second payload areas carry an integer number of code blocks, and the second payload area inserts a fixed number of bits of indication information, the position of the code blocks can be indirectly determined by combining the frame boundary with the insertion position of the indication information, thus expanding the implementation methods of this application.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the method further includes: verifying code blocks in the transmitted frame to obtain verification information, and inserting the verification information into a second payload area. It should be understood that the verification information can be used to protect the valid data carried in the payload area, thereby improving transmission reliability.

[0032] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a method for demapping a transmission frame. First, a transmission frame is received. The transmission frame carries a second code block stream and indication information. The indication information is used to determine the position of the second code block stream within the transmission frame. The second code block stream is obtained by interpolating multiple first code block streams based on code blocks. The multiple first code block streams belong to the same service, and each of the multiple first code block streams includes multiple code blocks. Then, the code blocks in the transmission frame are demapped to obtain the second code block stream.

[0033] In some possible implementations, the method further includes: distributing the second code block stream to obtain a plurality of first code block streams.

[0034] In some possible implementations, the method further includes: transcoding multiple first code block streams to obtain multiple third code block streams. The code block size in the first code block stream is 257 bits, and the code block size in the third code block stream is 66 bits. The multiple third code block streams are then reassembled to obtain a fourth code block stream. The fourth code block stream is rate-adapted to obtain a fifth code block stream. The fifth code block stream is then distributed to obtain multiple sixth code block streams. The sixth code block streams are then transcoded to obtain multiple seventh code block streams, where the code block size in the seventh code block stream is 257 bits.

[0035] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a method for demapping a transmission frame. First, a transmission frame is received. The transmission frame carries a code block stream and indication information. The indication information is used to determine the position of the code block stream within the transmission frame. The transmission frame sequentially includes a first overhead area, a first payload area, a second overhead area, and a second payload area, starting from the beginning. Then, the code blocks in the transmission frame are demapped to obtain the code block stream.

[0036] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a transmitting device. The transmitting device includes a processor and a transceiver. The processor controls the transceiver to transmit and receive signals. Specifically, the processor executes the method described in any embodiment of the first or second aspect.

[0037] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a receiving device. The receiving device includes a processor and a transceiver. The processor controls the transceiver to transmit and receive signals. Specifically, the processor is used to execute the method described in any embodiment of the third or fourth aspect.

[0038] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a digital processing chip. The digital processing chip includes a processor and a memory, which are interconnected via circuitry. The memory stores instructions, and the processor is used to execute the methods described in any of the embodiments of the first to fourth aspects above.

[0039] In this embodiment, multiple code block streams are interleaved sequentially at the code block level, and then the interleaved code block stream is mapped to a transmission frame. Compared to mapping each code block stream separately, the solution provided in this application simplifies the mapping process. Furthermore, the transmission frame carries indication information that can indicate the position of code blocks within the transmission frame, facilitating rapid identification of code block positions during demapping of the transmission frame. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a hardware structure for an OTN device;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a transmission frame mapping method according to this application.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an implementation method in this application that interpolates multiple first code block streams based on code blocks;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a transmission frame mapping method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the transmission frame in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the transmission frame in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the transmission frame in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the transmission frame in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a transmission frame mapping method according to this application.

[0049] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a demapping method for transmission frames according to an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the mapping method for transmission frames in this application.

[0051] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth structure of the transmission frame in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth structure of the transmission frame in the embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the seventh structure of the transmission frame in the embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the eighth structure of the transmission frame in the embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the ninth structure of the transmission frame in the embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a possible transmitting device;

[0057] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a possible receiving device. Detailed Implementation

[0058] This application provides a method and related apparatus for mapping and demapping transmission frames. Multiple code block streams are interleaved sequentially at the code block level, and then the interleaved code block stream is mapped to a transmission frame. Compared to mapping each code block stream separately, the solution provided in this application simplifies the mapping process.

[0059] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second," etc., in this application specification, claims, and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, not to limit a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the above terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments described in this application can be implemented in a sequence other than that described in this application. Furthermore, the term "comprising," and any variations thereof, is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0060] The embodiments of this application are applicable to optical networks, such as optical transport networks (OTNs). An optical network is typically composed of multiple OTN devices connected by optical fibers, and can be configured into different topologies such as linear, ring, or mesh, depending on specific needs.

[0061] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure for an OTN device. Specifically, the device 10 includes a power supply 101, a fan 102, auxiliary boards 103, and may also include tributary boards 104, line boards 105, cross-connect boards 106, optical layer processing boards (not shown), and system control and communication boards 107. It should be noted that the specific types and numbers of boards included in a single device 10 may vary depending on specific needs. For example, a network device acting as a core node may not have tributary boards 104. A network device acting as an edge node may have multiple tributary boards 104. The power supply 101 is used to power the device and may include primary and backup power supplies. The fan 102 is used for heat dissipation. The auxiliary boards 103 are used to provide auxiliary functions such as external alarms or access to external clocks. The tributary boards 104, cross-connect boards 106, and line boards 105 are mainly used to process electrical layer signals in the optical network, such as transmission frames in OTN. The tributary board 104 is used to receive and transmit various customer services, such as Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) services, packet services, Ethernet services, and fronthaul services. Further, the tributary board 104 can be divided into a customer-side optical module and a processor. The customer-side optical module can be an optical transceiver used to receive and / or transmit customer signals. The processor is used to perform mapping and demapping processing of customer signals to transmission frames. The cross-connect board 106 is used to switch transmission frames, completing the switching of one or more types of transmission frames. The line board 105 mainly implements the processing of line-side transmission frames. Specifically, the line board 105 can be divided into a line-side optical module and a processor. The line-side optical module can be a line-side optical transceiver used to receive and / or transmit transmission frames. The processor is used to perform multiplexing and demultiplexing, or mapping and demapping processing of line-side transmission frames. The system control and communication board 107 is used to implement system control and communication. Specifically, information can be collected from different single boards via the backplane, or control commands can be sent to the corresponding single boards. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, a specific component (e.g., a processor) can be one or more, and this application does not impose any limitations. It should also be noted that the embodiments of this application do not impose any limitations on the types of single boards included in the device, or on the specific functional design and quantity of the single boards. It should be noted that the transmission frame mapping method of this application can be specifically implemented on the line board 105, or alternatively, the tributary board 104 and the line board 105 can be integrated together to implement the transmission frame mapping method of this application.

[0062] It should be noted that this application does not limit the specific type of the transmission frame. For example, the transmission frame can be an Optical Payload Unit k (OPUk) frame, an Optical Data Unit k (ODUk) frame, or an Optical Transport Unit k (OTUk) frame, etc. For ease of explanation, the following description will use an ODUk frame as an example.

[0063] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a transmission frame mapping method according to this application. In this example, the transmission frame mapping method includes the following steps.

[0064] 201. Obtain multiple first code block streams.

[0065] In this embodiment, multiple first code block streams belong to the same service, and each first code block stream includes multiple code blocks. For example, if the service rate is 800GE, that is, the 800GE PCS layer includes two 400GE PCS structures, then two first code block streams are obtained. As another example, if the service rate is 1.6TE, that is, the 1.6TE PCS layer includes four 400GE PCS structures, then four first code block streams are obtained.

[0066] 202. Interleave multiple first code block streams based on code blocks to obtain a second code block stream.

[0067] Multiple first code block streams are interpolated at the code block level to obtain an interpolated code block stream, i.e., a second code block stream. In some possible implementations, before interpolating the multiple first code block streams based on code blocks, it is also necessary to perform synchronization processing on the multiple first code block streams to keep them aligned.

[0068] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an implementation method in this application that interpolates multiple first code block streams based on code blocks. For example... Figure 3 As shown, taking two first code block streams as examples, denoted as code block stream 1 and code block stream 2 respectively. The code blocks in code block stream 1 are sequentially denoted as code block 1-1, code block 1-2, ..., code block 1-M. The code blocks in code block stream 2 are sequentially denoted as code block 2-1, code block 2-2, ..., code block 2-M. It can be seen that the code blocks in the interleaved code block stream are sequentially denoted as code block 1-1, code block 2-1, code block 1-2, code block 2-2, ..., code block 1-M, code block 2-M.

[0069] 203. Map the second code block stream into the transmission frame and insert the indication information into the transmission frame.

[0070] Specifically, code blocks in the second code block stream are mapped sequentially into the transmission frame, whereby the code blocks are typically mapped into the payload area of ​​the transmission frame. In some possible implementations, if the payload area is insufficient to carry a specified number of code blocks, some code blocks may also be mapped into the overhead area of ​​the transmission frame, which will be described in detail later with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that indication information is used to determine the position of the code blocks mapped into the transmission frame. For example, the indication information may be inserted into the overhead area of ​​the transmission frame, or it may be inserted into the payload area of ​​the transmission frame, which will be described in detail later with reference to specific embodiments.

[0071] It should be noted that the frame mapping method used in this application may be a bitsynchronous mapping procedure (BMP), a generic mapping procedure (GMP), an idle mapping procedure (IMP), or a generic framing procedure (GFP), etc., and no specific limitation is made here.

[0072] It should also be noted that for scenarios with a service rate of 1.6TE, an implementation method of directly interpolating and then mapping the four first code block streams can be adopted. Alternatively, the four first code block streams can be divided into two groups, each group consisting of two first code block streams, and then interpolating and then mapping the two first code block streams in each group.

[0073] In one possible implementation, the size of the code blocks in the first code block stream is 257 bits, and this first code block stream can also be referred to as a "257b code block stream" or "257B code block stream". It should be understood that, unlike a 66b code block stream with a block size of 66 bits, the 257b code block stream has higher carrying efficiency. Furthermore, the first two bits of a 66b code block are a synchronization header, meaning that each 66b code block requires synchronization processing, which is complex. This application inserts indication information into the transmission frame, which allows the position of the code blocks in the transmission frame to be determined, avoiding the complex processing of code block synchronization.

[0074] 204. Send transmission frame.

[0075] It should be noted that the transmission frame mapping method provided in this application can be adapted to various different service bearers, such as Constant Bit Rate (CBR) bearers or Packet (PKT) bearers. For CBR bearers, rate adaptation is achieved by inserting rate compensation (RC) blocks into the code block stream. For PKT bearers, rate adaptation is performed on the code block stream based on the addition and deletion of idle code blocks.

[0076] The following section introduces a specific application scenario of a transmission frame mapping method.

[0077] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a transmission frame mapping method according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 4 As shown, taking an 800GE service rate as an example, the PCS or PMA processes the data stream from the client side. Then, alignment locking and lane deskew are performed to obtain multiple aligned channel data streams, for example, 32 aligned channel data streams. Next, lane reordering is performed to arrange the multiple channel data streams in a specified order. The reordered channel data streams can be divided into two 400G data streams, denoted as 400G data stream 0 and 400G data stream 1. For example, 400G data stream 0 includes channel data streams 0-15, and 400G data stream 1 includes channel data streams 16-31. Specifically, each 400G data stream undergoes de-interleaving, forward error correction (FEC) decoding, post-FEC interleaving, alignment removal, descrambling, and reverse transcoding sequentially. Next, the two 400G data streams are converged into a 66b block stream through 66b block collection. Then, the 66b block stream undergoes 64b / 66b decoding and rate matching.

[0078] exist Figure 4 In the scenario shown, for a CBR bearer, after the alignment identifier deletion operation, two 400G data streams can be obtained as two 257b code block streams. Then, the two 257b code block streams are interleaved, and the interleaved 257b code block streams are mapped to a transmission frame. It should be understood that in this implementation, no further descrambling and reverse transcoding operations are required after the alignment identifier deletion.

[0079] exist Figure 4In the scenario shown, for the PKT bearer, two 257b code block streams are reverse-encoded to obtain two 66b code block streams. These two 66b code block streams are then converged to form a single 66b code block stream. Next, the 66b code block stream undergoes rate adaptation and code block distribution to obtain two more 66b code block streams. Then, each of the two 66b code block streams is transcoded to 257b to obtain two more 257b code block streams, which are then scrambled separately. The two 257b code block streams remain synchronized during transcoding and scrambling, meaning they maintain the same processing rhythm or processing time. Finally, the two 257b code block streams are interleaved, and then the interleaved 257b code block streams are mapped to the transmission frame. It should be understood that in this implementation, no further 64b / 66b decoding is required after the 66b code blocks are converged.

[0080] In one possible implementation, for the PKT bearer, after rate adaptation of the 66-bit code block stream, it may not be distributed; instead, the 66-bit code block stream may be transcoded into a 257-bit code block stream. Then, the 257-bit code block stream is scrambled before being mapped to the transmission frame. In other words, considering that the result after 66-bit code block aggregation is a single 66-bit code block stream, it is possible to transcode the 66-bit code block stream into a 257-bit code block stream before mapping it to the transmission frame, without needing to perform interleaving operations on multiple 257-bit code block streams.

[0081] It should be noted that, in Figure 4 For details on the implementation of interpolation and mapping in the scenario shown, please refer to the above. Figure 2 The relevant descriptions of the embodiments shown will not be repeated here.

[0082] The following describes several possible structures for the transmission frames in this application.

[0083] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the transmission frame in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 5 As shown, code blocks in the second code block stream are mapped to the payload area of ​​the transmission frame, and indication information is inserted into the overhead area of ​​the transmission frame. It can be seen that code blocks in the second code block stream are mapped sequentially, line by line, to the payload area of ​​the transmission frame. Taking the interleaving of two first code block streams based on code blocks as an example, every two consecutive code blocks in any line of the payload area come from the two first code block streams respectively. It should be understood that the indication information inserted into the overhead area can also be called "block boundary indication," which directly determines the position or boundary of code blocks in the payload area. It should be noted that in... Figure 5In the transmission frame structure shown, the entire payload area is used to carry code blocks from the second code block stream. If the payload area cannot carry an exact integer number of code blocks, the remaining space in the payload area can carry a portion of the bits from a code block, while the other portion of that code block is mapped to the next transmission frame. For example, Figure 5 The payload area shown can hold 474 257b code blocks, and the remaining space in the payload area can hold 38 bits of a 257b code block.

[0084] In one possible implementation, the indication information can be inserted into columns 15 and 16 of rows 1 through 3 of the overhead area, or columns 15 and 16 of row 4. As an example, the indication information comprises 9 bits, with the high 5 bits inserted into column 16 of row 1 of the overhead area and the low 4 bits inserted into column 16 of row 2 of the overhead area. As another example, the indication information can be implemented using a 9-bit overhead multiframe indicator (OMFI), located in the low 1 bit of column 15 and the 8 bits of column 16 of row 4 of the overhead area.

[0085] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure for a transmission frame in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, code blocks in the second code block stream are mapped to the payload area of ​​the transmission frame, and indication information is inserted into the payload area of ​​the transmission frame. It should be understood that the indication information inserted into the overhead area can also be called "fixed padding." The number of code blocks carried by the payload area is an integer. Taking two 257b code block streams interleaved and then mapped as an example, each 257b code block stream has 237 257b code blocks mapped to the payload area, meaning the payload area carries 474 257b code blocks. Therefore, 38 bits of indication information can be inserted at the end of the payload area. It should be noted that since the payload area carries an integer number of code blocks, and a fixed number of bits of indication information are inserted into the payload area, the position of the code blocks can be indirectly determined by combining the frame boundary with the insertion position of the indication information. It should also be understood that this application does not limit the specific form of the indication information; for example, the 38 bits of indication information can be all 0.

[0086] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the transmission frame in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 7 As shown, code blocks in the second code block stream are mapped to the payload area of ​​the transmission frame, and indication information is inserted in the payload area of ​​the transmission frame. This differs from... Figure 6 The transmission frame structure shown is as follows: Figure 7 The payload area of ​​the transmitted frame shown also carries checksum information. This checksum information can be used to protect the valid data carried in the payload area, thus improving transmission reliability. For example, the checksum information can specifically be as follows: Figure 7The diagram shows a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC-16). The number of code blocks carried in the payload area is an integer. Taking two 257b code block streams interleaved and then mapped as an example, each 257b code block stream has 237 257b code blocks mapped to the payload area, meaning the payload area carries 474 257b code blocks. Specifically, the 257b code blocks carried in the first and second rows of the payload area are checked to obtain the CRC-16 at the end of the second row, and the 257b code blocks carried in the third and fourth rows of the payload area are checked to obtain the CRC-16 at the end of the fourth row. Furthermore, a 3-bit indicator is inserted next to the CRC-16 at the end of the second row, and another 3-bit indicator is inserted next to the CRC-16 at the end of the fourth row.

[0087] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the transmission frame in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the code blocks in the second code block stream are mapped to the payload and overhead areas of the transmission frame, with the indication information inserted in the overhead area of ​​the transmission frame. The number of code blocks carried by the payload and overhead areas is an integer. Taking two 257b code block streams interleaved and then mapped as an example, each 257b code block stream has 237 257b code blocks mapped to the payload and overhead areas, meaning the payload and overhead areas carry 474 257b code blocks. Specifically, taking... Figure 8 For example, column 16 of the overhead area can be used to carry a 257b code block. The high 3 bits of column 16 in rows 2 and 4 of the overhead area carry indication information. Figure 8 The diagonally marked area shown can hold exactly 474 257b code blocks. In addition, the payload area also carries check information. For example, the corresponding CRC-16 is obtained by checking the code blocks carried in each row of the overhead and payload areas; the CRC-16 is located at the end of each row. It should be understood that compared to... Figure 7 The illustrated embodiment performs frame-based verification. Figure 8 The illustrated embodiment performs verification on the code blocks in each row, reducing buffering and latency. Furthermore, since CRC-16 is inserted at the end of each row, the payload area is insufficient to hold 474 257b code blocks. Therefore, the 16th column of the overhead area is used to jointly carry the 257b code blocks.

[0088] As described above, this application interleaves multiple code block streams sequentially at the code block level, and then maps the interleaved code block stream to a transmission frame. Compared to mapping each code block stream separately, the scheme provided in this application simplifies the mapping process. Furthermore, this application uses a 257-bit code block stream, which, unlike a 66-bit code block stream, offers higher carrying efficiency. Also, the first two bits of a 66-bit code block are a synchronization header, meaning each 66-bit code block requires synchronization processing, resulting in high complexity. This application, however, inserts indication information into the transmission frame. This indication information allows for the determination of the code block position within the transmission frame, facilitating rapid identification of the code block position during demapping and avoiding the complex processing of code block synchronization.

[0089] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a transmission frame mapping method according to this application. In this example, the transmission frame demapping method includes the following steps.

[0090] 901. Receive transmission frame.

[0091] In this embodiment, the structure of the transmission frame can be referred to Figure 2 The relevant descriptions in the illustrated embodiments will not be repeated here.

[0092] 902. Demap the code blocks in the transmission frame to obtain the code block stream.

[0093] It should be understood that demapping the transmitted frame is Figure 2 The illustrated embodiment performs the inverse operation of mapping the code block stream. Then, the demapped code block stream is distributed to obtain multiple code block streams, thus obtaining... Figure 2 The illustrated embodiment shows multiple code block streams before interpolation.

[0094] The following section introduces a specific application scenario of a method for demapping transmission frames.

[0095] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of a demapping method for transmission frames according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 10As shown, taking an 800GE service rate as an example, the data undergoes 66b block rate matching to obtain a 66b block stream. Then, the 66b block stream is distributed into two 400G data streams, denoted as 400G data stream 0 and 400G data stream 1. Specifically, each 400G data stream undergoes 256b / 257b transcoding, scrambling, alignment insertion, pre-FEC distribution, FEC encoding, distribution, and interleaving sequentially. Finally, the two 400G data streams are transmitted to the client side via PCS or PMA.

[0096] exist Figure 10 In the scenario shown, for the CBR bearer, the transmission frame is first demapped and then code block distribution is performed to obtain two 257b code block streams. Then, for each 257b code block stream, alignment identifier insertion, pre-FEC encoding distribution, FEC encoding, distribution, and interleaving are performed sequentially.

[0097] exist Figure 10 In the scenario shown, for the PKT bearer, the transmission frame is first demapped and then distributed into two 257b code block streams. Next, the two 257b code block streams are descrambled and transcoded to 66b, resulting in two 66b code block streams. Then, the two 66b code block streams are reassembled into one 66b code block stream, which is then rate-adapted. Next, the rate-adapted 66b code block stream is distributed into two 66b code block streams. Finally, each 66b code block stream undergoes 256b / 257b transcoding, scrambling, alignment flag insertion, pre-FEC encoding distribution, FEC encoding, distribution, and interleaving sequentially.

[0098] In one possible implementation, for PKT bearers, after demapping the transmission frame, code block distribution may not be performed. Instead, the demapped 257b code block stream is descrambled and transcoded to 66b to obtain a single 66b code block stream. Then, rate adaptation and other operations are performed on this 66b code block stream, which will not be elaborated here. In other words, if no interpolation was performed before mapping, code block distribution may not be performed after demapping.

[0099] It should be noted that this application also provides another method for mapping transmission frames, which will be described in detail below.

[0100] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram illustrating another embodiment of a transmission frame mapping method in this application. In this example, the transmission frame mapping method includes the following steps.

[0101] 301. Obtain the code block stream.

[0102] In this embodiment, the code block stream includes multiple code blocks. As an example, the code block stream has a code block size of 66 bits, and the code block stream can be referred to as a "66b code block stream" or "66B code block stream". As another example, the code block stream has a code block size of 257 bits, and the code block stream can be referred to as a "257b code block stream" or "257B code block stream".

[0103] 302. Map the code block stream to the transport frame and insert the indication information into the transport frame.

[0104] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth structure of the transmission frame in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the transmission frame, starting from the beginning, sequentially includes a first overhead area, a first payload area, a second overhead area, and a second payload area. In one possible implementation, the transmission frame comprises 4 rows and 3824 columns of bytes. Columns 1 to 16 of the transmission frame constitute the first overhead area, columns 17 to 1904 constitute the first payload area, columns 1905 to 1920 constitute the second overhead area, and columns 1921 to 3824 constitute the second payload area. The code blocks in the code block stream are mapped sequentially, row by row, to the first and second payload areas. That is, the code block stream is mapped sequentially to the first row of the first payload area, the first row of the second payload area, the second row of the first payload area, the second row of the second payload area, the third row of the first payload area, the third row of the second payload area, the fourth row of the first payload area, and the fourth row of the second payload area.

[0105] It should be understood that the indication information is used to determine the location of the code block mapped into the transport frame. For example, the indication information can be inserted into the overhead area of ​​the transport frame, or it can be inserted into the payload area of ​​the transport frame, which will be described in detail later with reference to specific embodiments.

[0106] It should be noted that the frame mapping method used in this application may be a bitsynchronous mapping procedure (BMP), a generic mapping procedure (GMP), an idle mapping procedure (IMP), or a generic framing procedure (GFP), etc., and no specific limitation is made here.

[0107] 303. Send transmission frame.

[0108] The following section describes the specific structures of several transmission frames, taking into account the specific methods of carrying instruction information.

[0109] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth structure of the transmission frame in an embodiment of this application. Indication information can be inserted into the first overhead area and / or the second overhead area. Figure 13 Taking the insertion of indication information into the first overhead area as an example, the position or boundary of a code block can be directly determined through the indication information. In one possible implementation, the size of a code block in the code block stream is 66 bits, and the indication information can be inserted into the 15th and / or 16th columns of rows 1 to 3 in the first overhead area. The value range of the indication information can be 0-32, which are used to indicate the 33 possible starting positions of code block i in the transmission frame. Here, code block i can be a pre-defined code block, for example, code block i is the first complete code block in the 4th row of the first payload area. By determining the starting position of code block i, it is equivalent to determining the position of each other code block in the transmission frame.

[0110] In one possible scenario, the indication information includes three indication sub-indicators, all of which have the same value. That is, all three indication sub-indicators are used to indicate the starting position of code block i. The receiving end can receive all three indication sub-indicators. Even if one of the indication sub-indicators is transmitted incorrectly, the valid indication sub-indicator can be determined through a large number decision, thus determining the accurate starting position of code block i. As an example, such as... Figure 13 As shown, the three indicator sub-information pieces are inserted into columns 16 of rows 1 to 3 of the first overhead area. As another example, the three indicator sub-information pieces are inserted into columns 15 of rows 1 to 3 of the first overhead area. As yet another example, the three indicator sub-information pieces are inserted into columns 15 to 16 of rows 1 to 3 of the first overhead area.

[0111] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the seventh structure of the transmission frame in an embodiment of this application. Indication information can be inserted into the first overhead area and / or the second overhead area. Figure 14The following example illustrates the insertion of indication information into the first overhead region. In one possible implementation, the code block size in the code block stream is 66 bits, grouped into sets of N consecutive transmission frames. The values ​​of the N indication information in each set of N transmission frames increase sequentially. Furthermore, the values ​​of the N indication information in any set of N transmission frames are the same as the values ​​of the N indication information in any other set of N transmission frames. As an example, N=11, the code block stream is sequentially mapped into multiple transmission frames, with the code blocks in the same position every 11 transmission frames. For example, code block i is the first complete code block in the first row or the first complete code block in the fourth row of the first payload region. The starting position of code block i in the first transmission frame is the same as the starting position of code block i in the 12th transmission frame, the starting position of code block i in the second transmission frame is the same as the starting position of code block i in the 13th transmission frame, and so on. Therefore, the indication information can indicate the starting position of code block i, which is equivalent to determining the position of each other code block in the transmission frame.

[0112] In one possible scenario, with Figure 14 For example, this indication information can be inserted in the 4th row and 16th column of the first overhead area. It should be understood that if N=11, then the indication information has 11 possible values, which are used to indicate the 11 possible starting positions of code block i in different transmission frames.

[0113] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the eighth structure of the transmission frame in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 15 As shown, in another possible scenario, the indication information includes four sub-indicators, whose values ​​increase sequentially. These four sub-indicators are inserted sequentially from bottom to top into rows 1 to 4 of either the first or second overhead area. As an example, such as... Figure 15 As shown, the four indicator sub-information pieces are sequentially inserted into the 14th column of rows 1 to 4 in the first overhead area. Specifically, the indicator information can be indicated using a multiframe method, with each indicator sub-information comprising 6 bits. In each transmission frame, the high 4 bits of the four indicator sub-information pieces are identical, while the low 2 bits of the four indicator sub-information pieces in each transmission frame increment sequentially. For example, the value of indicator sub-information 1 is xxxx00, the value of indicator sub-information 2 is xxxx01, the value of indicator sub-information 3 is xxxx10, and the value of indicator sub-information 4 is xxxx11. Furthermore, the high 4 bits of the indicator sub-information increment based on the transmission frame. For example, the high 4 bits of the indicator sub-information are 0 in the first transmission frame, 1 in the second transmission frame, ..., and 11 in the eleventh transmission frame. Therefore, the indicator information has a total of 44 possible values.

[0114] As an example, Tables 1 and 2 below show the correspondence between the high 4 bits of the indicator sub-information and the starting position of code block i. In Table 1, code block i is the first complete code block in the 4th row of the current transmission frame; in Table 2, code block i is the first complete code block in the 1st row of the next transmission frame. For example, as shown in Table 1, when the high 4 bits of the indicator sub-information in the current transmission frame are 0, the starting position of code block i is the 31st bit in the 4th row of the current transmission frame. Similarly, as shown in Table 2, when the high 4 bits of the indicator sub-information in the current transmission frame are 0, the starting position of code block i is the 1st bit in the 1st row of the next transmission frame.

[0115] Table 1

[0116]

[0117] Table 2

[0118]

[0119] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the ninth structure of the transmission frame in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 16 As shown, the indication information is inserted in the second payload area; this indication information can also be called "fixed padding." The number of code blocks carried by the first and second payload areas is an integer. Figure 16 For example, the first and second payload areas carry 1838 66-bit code blocks. The second payload area has 36 bits remaining at the end for inserting indicator information; this indicator information can be all 0s or all 1s. It should be noted that since the first and second payload areas carry an integer number of code blocks, and the second payload area inserts a fixed number of indicator bits, the position of the code blocks can be indirectly determined by combining the frame boundary with the insertion position of the indicator information.

[0120] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 16 As shown, the second payload area also carries verification information. For example, the verification information could specifically be a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC-32). A 32-bit CRC-32 can be obtained by verifying the code blocks carried in the first and second payload areas. Therefore, a 4-bit indicator information can be inserted next to the CRC-32 located at the end of the second payload area.

[0121] Based on the above Figure 11As described in the illustrated embodiment, this application provides a novel transmission frame structure. This transmission frame, starting from the beginning, sequentially includes a first overhead area, a first payload area, a second overhead area, and a second payload area. This effectively expands the overhead area, accelerating the transmission rate of overhead information and improving performance. Furthermore, indicator information is inserted into the transmission frame, allowing the determination of the code block positions within the frame. This facilitates rapid identification of code block positions during demapping of the transmission frame, avoiding the complex processing of code block synchronization.

[0122] Based on the above Figure 11 As shown in the embodiment, this application also provides a method for demapping transmission frames. This method for demapping transmission frames is similar to... Figure 9 The method steps in the illustrated embodiment are similar. Specifically, a transmission frame is first received from the sending end. The structure of the transmission frame can be referred to... Figure 11 The relevant descriptions in the illustrated embodiments will not be repeated here. Furthermore, the code blocks in the transmission frame are demapped to obtain the code block stream. It should be understood that demapping the transmission frame is... Figure 11 The inverse operation of mapping the code block stream in the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0123] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a possible transmitting device. (Example) Figure 17 As shown, the transmitting device includes a processor 1101 and a transceiver 1102. Specifically, the processor 1101 is used to perform... Figure 2 Steps 201-203 in the illustrated embodiment. Transceiver 1102 is used to perform... Figure 2 Step 204 in the illustrated embodiment. Alternatively, processor 1101 is used to execute... Figure 11 Steps 301-302 in the illustrated embodiment. Transceiver 1102 is used to perform... Figure 11 Step 303 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0124] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a possible receiving device. Figure 18 As shown, the receiving device includes a processor 1201 and a transceiver 1202. Specifically, the transceiver 1202 is used to perform... Figure 9 Step 901 in the illustrated embodiment. Processor 1201 is used to execute Figure 9 Step 902 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0125] This application also provides a digital processing chip. This digital processing chip integrates circuitry for implementing the functions of the processor 1101 or processor 1201 described above, and one or more interfaces. When the digital processing chip integrates a memory, it can complete the method steps of any one or more of the foregoing embodiments. When the digital processing chip does not integrate a memory, it can be connected to an external memory via an interface. The digital processing chip implements the actions performed by the optical transmission device in the foregoing embodiments based on the program code stored in the external memory.

[0126] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A mapping method of a transmission frame, characterized by, The method comprises: acquiring a code block stream, the code block stream comprising a plurality of code blocks; mapping the code block stream into a transmission frame, the transmission frame comprising indication information used to determine the position of the code block stream in the transmission frame, the transmission frame comprising a first overhead area, a first payload area, a second overhead area and a second payload area in sequence; the transmission frame is grouped into N subframes, the indication information has N values, the N values are used to indicate the position of the code block stream in the N subframes respectively, the transmission frame comprises a first group of transmission frames and a second group of transmission frames, the first group of transmission frames and the second group of transmission frames each comprise N subframes, the value of the indication information corresponding to the i-th subframe in the first group of transmission frames is the same as the value of the indication information corresponding to the i-th subframe in the second group of transmission frames, N and i are both integers greater than 0; sending the transmission frame.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The size of a code block in the code block stream is 66 bits or 257 bits.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The position of the code block stream in the transmission frame is the position of the first 66-bit code block in the first row of the first payload area.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, N is 11.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The N values of the indication information are sequentially increased.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The indication information is OMFI.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The transmission frame comprises 4 rows and 3824 columns of bytes, columns 1 to 16 in the transmission frame are the first overhead area, columns 17 to 1904 in the transmission frame are the first payload area, columns 1905 to 1920 in the transmission frame are the second overhead area, and columns 1921 to 3824 in the transmission frame are the second payload area.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first overhead area and the second overhead area comprise the indication information.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The indication information is located in column 16 of the first overhead area.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The number of code blocks carried by the first payload area and the second payload area is an integer.

11. A method of de-mapping a transmission frame, characterized by, The method comprises: receiving a transmission frame, the transmission frame carrying a code block stream and indication information, the code block stream comprising a plurality of code blocks, the indication information being used to determine the position of the code block stream in the transmission frame, the transmission frame comprising a first overhead area, a first payload area, a second overhead area and a second payload area in sequence; the transmission frame is grouped into N subframes, the indication information has N values, the N values are used to indicate the position of the code block stream in the N subframes respectively, the transmission frame comprises a first group of transmission frames and a second group of transmission frames, the first group of transmission frames and the second group of transmission frames each comprise N subframes, the value of the indication information corresponding to the i-th subframe in the first group of transmission frames is the same as the value of the indication information corresponding to the i-th subframe in the second group of transmission frames, N and i are both integers greater than 0; demapping the code blocks in the transmission frame according to the indication information to obtain the code block stream.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The size of a code block in the code block stream is 66 bits or 257 bits.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The position of the code block stream in the transmission frame is the position of the first 66-bit code block in the first row of the first payload area.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, N is 11.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The N values of the indication information are sequentially increased.

16. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The indication information is OMFI.

17. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that, The transmission frame includes 4 rows and 3824 columns of bytes, the first column to the 16th column in the transmission frame is the first overhead area, the 17th column to the 1904th column in the transmission frame is the first payload area, the 1905th column to the 1920th column in the transmission frame is the second overhead area, and the 1921st column to the 3824th column in the transmission frame is the second payload area.

18. The method of any one of claims 11-13, wherein, The first overhead area and the second overhead area include the indication information.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, The indication information is located in the 16th column in the first overhead area.

20. The method of any one of claims 11-13, wherein, The number of code blocks carried by the first payload area and the second payload area is an integer.

21. A transmitting device, comprising: Comprising: A processor and a transceiver, the processor being configured to control the transceiver to transceive signals, and the processor being configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

22. A receiving device, comprising: Comprising: A processor and a transceiver, the processor being configured to control the transceiver to transceive signals, and the processor being configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 11 to 20.

23. A digital processing chip, comprising: The chip comprises a circuit configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

Images