Multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing extraction tank and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crushing, and discloses a multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing extraction tank and method.The multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing extraction tank comprises a shell and a hopper installed at the top of the shell, a material guiding assembly is installed at the bottom end of the hopper, a liquid nitrogen pool located below the material guiding assembly is installed in the shell, and plant materials are guided into the liquid nitrogen pool through the material guiding assembly; the plant material floating on the liquid nitrogen pool is immersed in liquid nitrogen for quick freezing, and the cell structure is destroyed. The extraction tank adopts a multi-stage design and sequentially comprises a liquid nitrogen pool, a crushing structure, a heating structure and an extraction tank body. The plant material is firstly quick-frozen by liquid nitrogen to destroy the cell structure, then is crushed by the crushing structure, then further destroys the cells through the heating structure to promote the release of the components, and finally is leached and extracted in the extraction tank, and the gradual multi-stage treatment mode can significantly improve the extraction efficiency and the extraction quality of the plant components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of crushing technology, in particular to a multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing extraction tank and a method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of plant extraction, obtaining active ingredients from plants is crucial for many industries such as medicine, food, and cosmetics. Traditional plant extraction methods have many limitations, which makes it difficult for extraction efficiency and extraction quality to meet the growing market demand. At present, plant materials are mainly extracted by extraction tanks, and the commonly used leaching extraction method is to extract the ingredients contained in plant products.

[0003] In existing extraction technologies, the methods for destroying plant cell structures are often relatively simple or ineffective. Many methods rely only on simple crushing or chemical treatment, which makes it difficult to fully destroy plant cells, so that the effective ingredients in the cells cannot be fully released. For example, conventional crushing methods cannot effectively break the tough cell walls of plant cells, resulting in a large number of effective ingredients being wrapped in the cells and unable to be extracted, thereby reducing the extraction rate. To this end, the present invention provides a multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing extraction tank and method. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing extraction tank and method, which can release the components in the plant material more fully and stably through pretreatment of first freezing and then heating.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction tank, comprising a shell and a hopper installed on the top of the shell, and a material guide assembly is installed at the bottom of the hopper, a liquid nitrogen pool located below the material guide assembly is installed inside the shell, plant materials are introduced into the liquid nitrogen pool through the material guide assembly, and the plant materials floating on the liquid nitrogen pool are immersed in the liquid nitrogen for quick freezing to destroy the cell structure, and the liquid nitrogen pool guides the quick-frozen plant materials and guides them downward through a channel between the liquid nitrogen pool and the shell; A crushing structure is installed inside the shell and is located below the liquid nitrogen pool. The crushing structure is used to crush the frozen plant material so that the crushing is more uniform. The housing is provided with a heating structure below the crushing structure, and the crushed plant material is heated by the heating structure and transported during the heating process, thereby further destroying the cell structure and promoting the release of components in the plant; An extraction tank located below the heating structure is installed inside the shell, and the heating structure guides the plant material into the extraction tank, through which the material is leached and extracted, and the discharge port of the extraction tank is led out from the bottom of the shell and is installed with a valve.

[0006] Preferably, the material guiding assembly includes a rectangular frame A installed at the bottom of the hopper, and a rectangular frame B is sleeved on the outside of the rectangular frame A, an electric cylinder for pushing the rectangular frame B to slide on the rectangular frame A is installed at the bottom of the hopper, screens are hinged on both sides of the bottom end of the rectangular frame B, and a driving structure for controlling the opening and closing of the screens is provided on both sides of the rectangular frame B. During the material guiding process, the driving structure drives the two screens to be located inside the liquid nitrogen pool, and after the material guiding structure, the driving structure controls the two screens to close the bottom of the rectangular frame B, and then the rectangular frame B is pushed downward by the electric cylinder to sink the two screens and immerse the floating materials in the liquid nitrogen.

[0007] Preferably, the driving structure includes two connecting ropes connected to the sides of the screen, and two guide wheels and a wire drum are provided on the side of the B rectangular frame. The two connecting ropes are respectively wound around the wire drum through the guide wheels. The wire drum is driven by a motor to wind the two connecting ropes through the wire drum, so that the connecting ropes drive the two screens to merge at the bottom of the B rectangular frame. When the wire drum releases the winding of the two connecting ropes, the two screens automatically open under gravity to guide the materials.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid nitrogen pool includes an isolation pool and isolation columns installed on four sides of the isolation pool, and the isolation pool is installed inside the shell through the isolation columns, and there is a gap between the isolation pool and the shell for material to pass through, and a slidable base is provided inside the isolation pool, and the top of the base is porous, and the top of the base is ∧-shaped, and a lifting structure for driving the base to move up and down is provided at the bottom of the isolation pool, and the base is driven up by the lifting structure, so that the base drives the plant material to move up until it moves to the port of the isolation pool, and the plant material slides down along the inclined surface of the top of the base.

[0009] Preferably, the lifting structure includes a rotatable transmission shaft arranged at the bottom of the isolation tank, and the transmission shaft is driven by a motor. Four winding drums are provided on the transmission shaft, and ropes are wound around the winding drums. The winding drums are introduced from both sides of the isolation tank through ropes and connected to the base. The winding drums are driven by the transmission shaft to wind, so that the ropes pull the base up to export the materials.

[0010] Preferably, the crushing structure comprises a protective cover installed inside the shell and two sets of crushing rollers installed inside the protective cover, and the two sets of crushing rollers are driven by a motor.

[0011] Preferably, the heating structure includes several groups of conveyor belts arranged inside the outer shell, and the positions of upper and lower adjacent conveyor belts are staggered front and back, so that the material conveyed by the upper conveyor belt is received by the lower conveyor belt after falling and conveyed again. The belt on the conveyor belt is a mesh belt, and a hot air system is provided inside each of the conveyor belts, and the hot air system releases hot air from each conveyor belt to heat the material on each conveyor belt.

[0012] Preferably, the hot air system includes an exhaust pipe rack inserted into each conveyor belt, and both sides of the exhaust pipe rack are provided with several groups of hot air pipes distributed inside the conveyor belt, and the upper and lower sides of the hot air pipes are provided with exhaust holes, so that hot air can be released from the upper and lower sides of the conveyor belt to heat the material.

[0013] Preferably, exhaust windows are provided on both sides of the shell, and the exhaust windows are located at the heating structure to discharge the hot air outputted from the hot air system.

[0014] A multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction method, the specific operation is as follows: S1. The plant material to be extracted is placed in a hopper. The plant material naturally falls to the material guide assembly at the bottom of the hopper under the action of gravity. The material guide assembly stably guides the plant material into the liquid nitrogen pool below it. Due to factors such as the density of the plant material, some of the material will float on the surface of the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen pool; S2. The floating part of the material can be immersed in liquid nitrogen through the material guide component. After the plant material has been quickly frozen, the water in the plant cells freezes to form ice crystals, which causes mechanical damage to the cells and initially destroys the cell structure. The plant material is then guided out of the liquid nitrogen pool and transported downward through a preset channel between the liquid nitrogen pool and the shell; S3, the quick-frozen plant material reaches the crushing structure located below the liquid nitrogen pool, and the crushing structure is activated. During the crushing process, the material becomes brittle due to being in a frozen state, and is more easily crushed into relatively small and uniform particles; S4. The crushed plant material enters the heating structure located below the crushing structure. The heating structure heats the plant material to increase the temperature of the material. During the heating process, the cells are further damaged, and the effective ingredients in the plant are accelerated to be released from the cells into the surrounding environment. The heated plant material is transported to the extraction tank located below the heating structure and extracted by leaching in the extraction tank.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The extraction tank adopts a multi-stage design, which includes a liquid nitrogen pool, a crushing structure, a heating structure and an extraction tank in sequence. The plant material is first frozen by liquid nitrogen to destroy the cell structure, then crushed by the crushing structure, and then further destroyed by the heating structure to promote the release of components, and finally leached and extracted in the extraction tank. This progressive multi-stage processing method can significantly improve the extraction efficiency and quality of plant components.

[0016] (2) When freezing, the water in the plant cells will form ice crystals. The growth and expansion of the ice crystals will exert mechanical pressure on the cells, destroying the cell structure and causing rupture and perforation of the cell walls and cell membranes. This will increase the precipitation of components in the subsequent extraction process and also make the crushing more uniform.

[0017] (3) Pre-treatment by freezing followed by heating can release the components in the plant material more fully and stably, reduce the loss and degradation of the components during the extraction process, and thus improve the quality and stability of the extract; it helps to protect the components in the plant from being broken. Many plants contain heat-sensitive components, such as certain enzymes, vitamins, and bioactive proteins. Freezing treatment first can reduce the temperature environment around these components to a certain extent, reducing their damage during the subsequent heating process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal split structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material guide assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of material guide structure; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid nitrogen pool of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the lifting structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the heating structure of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. shell; 2. hopper; 3. material guide assembly; 4. liquid nitrogen pool; 5. crushing structure; 6. heating structure; 7. extraction tank; 31. rectangular frame A; 32. rectangular frame B; 33. electric cylinder; 34. screen; 35. driving structure; 36. connecting rope; 37. guide wheel; 38. wire drum; 41. isolation pool; 42. isolation column; 43. base; 44. lifting structure; 45. transmission shaft; 46. winding drum; 47. rope; 51. protective cover; 52. crushing roller; 61. conveyor belt; 62. hot air system; 63. exhaust pipe rack; 64. hot air pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. In order to keep the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure clear and concise, the present disclosure omits detailed descriptions of known functions and known components to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2A multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing extraction tank is mainly composed of a shell 1, a hopper 2, a material guide component 3, a liquid nitrogen pool 4, a crushing structure 5, a heating structure 6 and an extraction tank 7. The shell 1 is assembled. The shell 1 is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant metal materials to ensure that the various components and the internal materials and liquid nitrogen can be stably carried during the entire extraction process. The hopper 2 is installed on the top of the shell 1. The shape of the hopper 2 is designed to be a funnel with a large top and a small bottom, which is convenient for the input of plant materials. The connection between the hopper and the shell 1 is sealed and welded to prevent material leakage and external impurities from entering.

[0022] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 , install the material guide assembly 3 at the bottom of the hopper 2. The rectangular frame A 31 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hopper 2, the rectangular frame B 32 is sleeved on the outside of the rectangular frame A 31, and the electric cylinder 33 is installed at the bottom of the hopper 2, and its piston rod is connected to the rectangular frame B 32 to realize the sliding of the rectangular frame B 32 on the rectangular frame A 31. The screen 34 is installed on both sides of the bottom end of the rectangular frame B 32 through a hinge shaft to ensure that the screen can be opened and closed flexibly. The installation of the driving structure 35 is as follows: two guide wheels 37 and a wire drum 38 are installed on the side of the rectangular frame B 32, one end of the connecting rope 36 is connected to the side of the screen 34, and the other end is wound on the wire drum 38 through the guide wheel 37. The wire drum 38 is connected to the output shaft of the motor. The motor drives the rotation of the wire drum 38 to realize the winding and loosening of the connecting rope 36, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the screen 34.

[0023] The position of the rectangular frame B 32 can be adjusted by the electric cylinder 33 so that it can go deep into the liquid nitrogen pool 4, and the floating part of the material can be immersed in the liquid nitrogen. After the plant material has been quickly frozen, the water in the plant cells freezes to form ice crystals, which causes mechanical damage to the cells, preliminarily destroys the cell structure, and is also easy to crush.

[0024] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 Installation of liquid nitrogen pool 4: Install the isolation pool 41 inside the housing 1 through the isolation column 42. The isolation column 42 is made of heat-insulating material to reduce the heat transfer between the liquid nitrogen pool 4 and the housing 1. Install a slidable base 43 inside the isolation pool 41. The top of the base 43 adopts a porous design and is ∧-shaped to facilitate the sliding of plant materials and the penetration of liquid nitrogen. Installation of lifting structure 44: Install a rotatable transmission shaft 45 at the bottom of the isolation pool 41. The transmission shaft 45 is driven by a motor. Four winding disks 46 are installed on the transmission shaft 45. Ropes 47 are wound around the winding disks 46. The ropes 47 are introduced from both sides of the isolation pool 41 and connected to the base 43. The winding disk 46 is driven by the transmission shaft 45 to rotate, so as to realize the winding and loosening of the rope 47, thereby controlling the up and down movement of the base 43.

[0025] See also Figure 7Installation of the crushing structure 5: Install the protective cover 51 inside the shell 1, and install two sets of crushing rollers 52 inside the protective cover 51. The crushing rollers 52 are driven by a motor. The motor is installed outside the protective cover 51 and connected to the crushing rollers 52 through a belt or a coupling to drive the crushing rollers 52.

[0026] See also Figure 8 Installation of the heating structure 6: Install several groups of conveyor belts 61 inside the shell 1, and the positions of the upper and lower adjacent conveyor belts 61 are staggered front and back, and a hot air system 62 is installed inside each conveyor belt 61. Installation of the hot air system 62: Insert the exhaust pipe rack 63 into each conveyor belt 61, and install several groups of hot air pipes 64 on both sides of the exhaust pipe rack 63. Exhaust holes are opened on the upper and lower sides of the hot air pipes 64, so that hot air can be released from the upper and lower sides of the conveyor belt 61 to heat the materials on the conveyor belt. Exhaust windows are opened on both sides of the shell 1 at the positions corresponding to the heating structure 6 to exhaust the hot air exported by the hot air system 62.

[0027] Many plants contain heat-sensitive ingredients, such as certain enzymes, vitamins, and bioactive proteins. Freezing first can reduce the temperature environment around these ingredients to a certain extent, reducing their damage during the subsequent heating process. For example, when extracting superoxide dismutase SOD from plants, freezing first can keep SOD in a relatively stable low-temperature environment, and its activity can be maintained to the greatest extent during subsequent heating extraction.

[0028] The extraction tank 7 is installed inside the shell 1 and below the heating structure 6. The discharge port of the extraction tank 7 is derived from the bottom of the shell 1 and is installed with a valve for controlling the discharge of the extracted material. After the material is introduced into the extraction tank 7, the material is soaked in the solution in the extraction tank 7 so that the plant components are precipitated in the solution. Therefore, after the plant material cells are broken, the components therein can be better precipitated.

[0029] S1: Plant material introduction The plant material to be extracted is placed in the hopper 2, and the plant material naturally falls to the material guide assembly 3 at the bottom of the hopper 2 under the action of gravity. At this time, the wire drum 38 releases the connecting rope 36, and the two screens 34 automatically open under gravity, and the plant material passes through the screens 34 into the liquid nitrogen pool 4. Due to factors such as the density of the plant material, some of the material will float on the liquid nitrogen surface of the liquid nitrogen pool 4.

[0030] S2: Liquid nitrogen quick freezing The motor drives the wire drum 38 to rotate, and the two connecting ropes 36 are wound around it, so that the connecting rope 36 drives the two screens 34 to merge at the bottom of the rectangular frame B 32, and then the electric cylinder 33 pushes the rectangular frame B 32 downward, so that the two screens 34 sink and immerse the floating materials in liquid nitrogen. After a period of quick freezing treatment, the water in the plant cells freezes and forms ice crystals, which cause mechanical damage to the cells and initially destroy the cell structure. After that, the material guide component 3 moves up and out of the liquid nitrogen pool 4, and the motor of the lifting structure 44 is started to drive the transmission shaft 45 to rotate, driving the winding disk 46 to wind the rope 47, so that the rope 47 pulls the base 43 upward, and the base 43 drives the plant material upward until it moves to the port of the isolation pool 41, and the plant material slides down along the inclined surface at the top of the base 43, and is transported downward through the gap between the isolation pool 41 and the shell 1.

[0031] S3: Crushing The quick-frozen plant material reaches the crushing structure 5 located below the liquid nitrogen pool 4, and the motor of the crushing structure 5 is started to drive the two sets of crushing rollers 52 to rotate and crush the frozen plant material. Since the material is in a frozen state, the texture becomes brittle and is easier to be crushed into relatively small and uniform particles.

[0032] S4: Heat treatment and extraction The crushed plant material enters the heating structure 6 located below the crushing structure 5, and the heating device of the hot air system 62 is started to release hot air from the hot air pipe 64 to heat the plant material on the conveyor belt 61. During the heating process, the cells are further damaged, and the effective ingredients in the plant are accelerated to be released from the cells into the surrounding environment. The upper and lower adjacent conveyor belts 61 are staggered front and back, so that the material transported by the upper conveyor belt 61 is received by the lower conveyor belt 61 after falling and transported again. After being heated and transported by multiple groups of conveyor belts 61, the plant material is transported to the extraction tank 7 located below the heating structure 6. Add a suitable extraction solvent to the extraction tank 7, and extract the material by stirring and the like. After the extraction is completed, open the valve of the discharge port of the extraction tank 7 to discharge the extract.

[0033] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction tank, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1) and a hopper (2) mounted on the top of the housing (1), wherein a material guide assembly (3) is mounted on the bottom of the hopper (2), and a liquid nitrogen pool (4) located below the material guide assembly (3) is mounted inside the housing (1), plant materials are introduced into the liquid nitrogen pool (4) through the material guide assembly (3), and the plant materials floating on the liquid nitrogen pool (4) are immersed in the liquid nitrogen for quick freezing to destroy the cell structure, and the quick-frozen plant materials are discharged from the liquid nitrogen pool (4) and discharged downwards through a channel between the liquid nitrogen pool (4) and the housing (1); A crushing structure (5) located below the liquid nitrogen pool (4) is installed inside the housing (1), and the frozen plant material is crushed by the crushing structure (5) so that the crushing is more uniform; The housing (1) is provided with a heating structure (6) located below the crushing structure (5), and the crushed plant material is heated by the heating structure (6) and transported during the heating process, thereby further destroying the cell structure and promoting the release of components in the plant; An extraction tank (7) located below the heating structure (6) is installed inside the shell (1), and the heating structure (6) guides the plant material into the extraction tank (7), and the material is leached and extracted through the extraction tank (7), and the outlet of the extraction tank (7) is led out from the bottom of the shell (1) and is installed with a valve.

2. The multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material guiding assembly (3) comprises a rectangular frame A (31) installed at the bottom of the hopper (2), and a rectangular frame B (32) is sleeved on the outer side of the rectangular frame A (31). An electric cylinder (33) for pushing the rectangular frame B (32) to slide on the rectangular frame A (31) is installed at the bottom of the hopper (2). Screens (34) are hinged on both sides of the bottom end of the rectangular frame B (32). A driving structure (35) for controlling the opening and closing of the screens (34) is provided on both sides of the rectangular frame B (32). During the material guiding process, the driving structure (35) drives the two screens (34) to be located inside the liquid nitrogen pool (4). After the material guiding structure, the driving structure (35) controls the two screens (34) to close the bottom of the rectangular frame B (32). After that, the rectangular frame B (32) is pushed downward by the electric cylinder (33), so that the two screens (34) sink and the floating materials are immersed in the liquid nitrogen.

3. The multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction tank according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The driving structure (35) comprises two connecting ropes (36) connected to the sides of the screen (34), and two guide wheels (37) and a wire drum (38) are provided on the sides of the rectangular frame B (32). The two connecting ropes (36) are respectively wound around the wire drum (38) through the guide wheels (37). The wire drum (38) is driven by a motor to wind the two connecting ropes (36) through the wire drum (38), so that the connecting ropes (36) drive the two screens (34) to merge at the bottom of the rectangular frame B (32). When the wire drum (38) releases the winding of the two connecting ropes (36), the two screens (34) are automatically opened under gravity to guide the material.

4. The multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid nitrogen pool (4) comprises an isolation pool (41) and isolation columns (42) installed on four sides of the isolation pool (41), and the isolation pool (41) is installed inside the housing (1) through the isolation columns (42). There is a gap between the isolation pool (41) and the housing (1) for material to pass through. A slidable base (43) is provided inside the isolation pool (41), and the top of the base (43) is designed to be porous, and the top of the base (43) is in a ∧ shape. A lifting structure (44) for driving the base (43) to move up and down is provided at the bottom of the isolation pool (41). The lifting structure (44) drives the base (43) to move upward, so that the base (43) drives the plant material to move upward until it moves to the end of the isolation pool (41), and the plant material slides down along the inclined surface at the top of the base (43).

5. The multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction tank according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The lifting structure (44) comprises a rotatable transmission shaft (45) arranged at the bottom of the isolation tank (41), and the transmission shaft (45) is driven by a motor. Four winding reels (46) are arranged on the transmission shaft (45), and ropes (47) are wound around the winding reels (46). The winding reels (46) are introduced from both sides of the isolation tank (41) through the ropes (47) and connected to the base (43). The winding reels (46) are driven by the transmission shaft (45) to wind, so that the ropes (47) pull the base (43) upward to export the material.

6. The multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The crushing structure (5) comprises a protective cover (51) installed inside the housing (1) and two sets of crushing rollers (52) installed inside the protective cover (51), and the two sets of crushing rollers (52) are driven by a motor.

7. The multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heating structure (6) comprises a plurality of groups of conveyor belts (61) arranged inside the housing (1), and the positions of the upper and lower adjacent conveyor belts (61) are staggered front and back, so that the material conveyed by the upper conveyor belt (61) is received by the lower conveyor belt (61) after falling and is conveyed again. The belt on the conveyor belt (61) is a mesh belt, and a hot air system (62) is arranged inside each conveyor belt (61), and the hot air system (62) releases hot air from each conveyor belt (61) to heat the material on each conveyor belt (61).

8. The multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction tank according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The hot air system (62) comprises an exhaust pipe rack (63) inserted into each conveyor belt (61), and a plurality of groups of hot air pipes (64) distributed inside the conveyor belt (61) are provided on both sides of the exhaust pipe rack (63), and exhaust holes are provided on the upper and lower sides of the hot air pipes (64), so that hot air is released from the upper and lower sides of the conveyor belt (61) to heat the material.

9. The multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction tank according to claim 8, characterized in that: Exhaust windows are provided on both sides of the shell (1), and the exhaust windows are located at the heating structure (6) to exhaust hot air outputted from the hot air system (62).

10. A multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction method, characterized in that: The multi-stage progressive dynamic crushing and extraction tank described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, and the specific operation is as follows: S1. The plant material to be extracted is placed in a hopper (2). The plant material naturally falls to the material guide component (3) at the bottom of the hopper (2) under the action of gravity. The material guide component (3) stably guides the plant material into a liquid nitrogen pool (4) located below it. Due to factors such as the density of the plant material, part of the plant material will float on the surface of the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen pool (4); S2. The floating part of the material can be immersed in liquid nitrogen through the material guide component (3). After the plant material has been quickly frozen, the water in the plant cells freezes to form ice crystals, which causes mechanical damage to the cells and initially destroys the cell structure. The plant material is then guided out of the liquid nitrogen pool (4) and transported downward through a preset channel between the liquid nitrogen pool (4) and the housing (1); S3, the quick-frozen plant material reaches the crushing structure (5) located below the liquid nitrogen pool (4), and the crushing structure (5) is started. During the crushing process, the material becomes brittle due to being in a frozen state, and is more easily crushed into relatively small and uniform particles; S4. The crushed plant material enters the heating structure (6) located below the crushing structure (5). The heating structure (6) heats the plant material to increase the temperature of the material. During the heating process, the cells are further damaged, and the effective ingredients in the plant are accelerated to be released from the cells into the surrounding environment. The heated plant material is transported to the extraction tank (7) located below the heating structure (6) and extracted by leaching in the extraction tank (7).

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