Rivet shearing equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses rivet shearing equipment. The rivet shearing equipment comprises a shearing device for shearing rivets and a hydraulic system for providing power for the shearing device, the shearing device comprises a supporting mechanism and a shearing mechanism; the supporting mechanism comprises two sets of supporting plates arranged in parallel, and the supporting plates are connected and fixed through two fixing blocks. A locking sleeve is arranged between the two fixing blocks and is fixedly connected with the oil cylinder; the shearing mechanism comprises an oil cylinder piston rod, a pushing rod, two symmetrically-arranged middle connecting rods and a shearing tool bit. The shearing tool bit is synchronously driven by the middle connecting rod to rotate to open and close for shearing. According to the shearing device, the shearing tool bit is driven by the connecting rod structure to conduct cutting motion, the shearing tool bit conducts shearing motion through the rotating center hole, and the whole rivet can be sheared off; the shearing device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and quick-wear parts can be replaced quickly; the inner hole size and the surface quality of an original riveted object can be well guaranteed, re-riveting of the original riveted object is achieved, and the influence on the re-riveting quality is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of disassembly equipment design for fastener connections, in particular to the technical field of disassembly equipment design and manufacturing, and specifically relates to a rivet shearing equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the promotion and application of riveted rivets in the fields of high-speed rail EMUs, photovoltaics, solar thermal and bridge steel structures. In the cases of equipment maintenance, unqualified riveting quality or riveting errors, implementation of design changes, rework and repair of various structural failures, and modifications for different customer needs, single-sided rivets are required for demolition and re-riveting. For riveted rivets, oxyacetylene flame cutting or grinding wheel cutting are currently mainly used to dismantle them. The advantage of flame cutting is high disassembly efficiency, and the disadvantages are high cost, environmental pollution, easy damage to the riveted parts, inconvenient transportation back and forth, and not suitable for operation in flammable and explosive environments. Although grinding wheel cutting can make up for the shortcomings of flame cutting, the disassembly efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention discloses a rivet shearing device. The purpose of the invention is to provide a device for shearing single-sided rivets. The shearing device of the invention can also be used for shearing break-off rivets and short-tail rivets, and can also be used for shearing bolts and nuts.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A rivet shearing equipment, comprising a shearing device for rivet shearing and a hydraulic system for providing power to the shearing device; the characteristics are: the shearing device comprises a supporting mechanism and a shearing mechanism;

[0006] The support mechanism comprises: two sets of support plates arranged in parallel, the rear end between the two sets of support plates arranged in parallel is fixed by two fixing blocks arranged upper and lower and connected by screws; a locking sleeve is fixed between the two fixing blocks arranged upper and lower, and the locking sleeve is connected and fixed to the oil cylinder of the hydraulic system by threads;

[0007] The shearing mechanism includes: a cylinder piston rod driven by a hydraulic system, the piston rod is connected to drive a push rod, the push rod is driven and hinged with two groups of intermediate connecting rods arranged symmetrically at an angle along the center line, and the other ends of the two groups of intermediate connecting rods are respectively driven and hinged with one end of two groups of shearing heads symmetrically arranged along the center line; a hinged rotating center hole is set at the front of each shearing head and is hinged between the two groups of support plates of the supporting mechanism through an intermediate pin, so that the two groups of shearing heads are synchronously driven by the intermediate connecting rod to rotate around the intermediate pin and the heads open and close for shearing.

[0008] Furthermore, the hinged rotating center hole at the front of the shearing head is arranged at a position less than one-third of the front end of the shearing head axis, forming a lever cutting structure in which the rear end driving lever arm is larger than the front end shearing arm; the rotating center hole is embedded with a rotating center bushing, and the middle pin passes through the rotating center bushing and is hinged between the two groups of support plates of the support mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, an arc-shaped sharp blade tip is arranged at the end of the shearing blade head, and the arc-shaped sharp blade tips of the two groups of shearing blade heads are combined to form a crescent-shaped opening and closing shearing structure.

[0010] Furthermore, a handle for supporting operating equipment is provided on the outer surface of the support plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the push rod includes two connecting hinges arranged parallel to each other at the front end and a connecting sleeve at the rear end; the connecting sleeve is driven and connected to the cylinder piston rod through a thread; coaxial hinge pin holes are provided on the two connecting hinges, and the rear ends of the two middle connecting rods are hinged between the two connecting hinges arranged parallel to each other through head pins.

[0012] Furthermore, a protrusion structure surrounding the locking sleeve is provided on the outer surface of the locking sleeve; a groove structure is provided on the inner wall of the fixing block, and the groove has the same size as the protrusion structure of the locking sleeve and is embedded in each other for axial fixing.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixing block is provided with two transverse through holes, and screws are passed through the two through holes to connect and fix the fixing block to the fixing support plate.

[0014] The hydraulic system further comprises: a quick-change joint, a hydraulic pump, a relief valve, a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve, a pressure sensor and a pressure switch.

[0015] The shearing device of the present invention drives the shearing head to perform cutting movement through a connecting rod structure, and the shearing head performs shearing movement through a rotating center hole set in the shearing head, and can cut the entire rivet. The shearing device of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and can realize the rapid replacement of wearing parts. The shearing device of the present invention can well ensure the inner hole size and surface quality of the original riveted object, and can realize the re-riveting of the original riveted object with almost no effect on the quality after riveting. The shearing device of the present invention is efficient and convenient, and can be used in complex environments such as humidity and dust, is not affected by environmental conditions, and has high applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the shearing tool structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a partial exploded view of the shearing tool of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3It is a partial three-dimensional assembly diagram of the shearing tool of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is the principle diagram of the shearing device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the cutting knife of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the push rod of the present invention;

[0022] Figures 7 to 10 Schematic diagram of the shearing process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure, 1 is a shearing blade, 2 is a fixed support plate, 3 is an intermediate connecting rod, 4 is a fixed block, 5 is a locking sleeve, 6 is a push rod, 7 is a cylinder body, 8 is a front sealing cover, 9 is a unloading rod, 10 is a rear sealing cover, 11 is a piston rod, 12 is an oil inlet, 13 is an oil outlet, 14 is a rivet gun button, 15, 16, 19, 20, 25, 27 are screws, 17 is a head pin, 18 is an intermediate pin, 21 is a base material, 22 is a rivet, 23 is a handle, 24 1 is the front end gasket, 26 is the rear end gasket, 28 is the nut matching the screw, 29 is the nut, 30 is the nut, 31 is the nut, 32 is the limit sleeve, 33 is the rotating center bushing, 34 is the collar, 35 is the tip of the shearing tool, 36 is the rotating center hole, 37 is the pin hole at the rear end of the shearing tool head, 38 is the hinge, and 39 is the pin hole; Ⅰ is the power system, Ⅱ is the control system, Ⅲ is the shearing device, 01 is the power source, 02 is the overflow valve, and 03 and 04 are the reversing valves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. The specific implementation methods are further descriptions of the principles of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any way. Technologies that are the same or similar to the present invention do not exceed the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Combined with the attached pictures.

[0026] As shown in the figure, the rivet shearing equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a shearing device for rivet shearing and a hydraulic system for providing power to the shearing device; the shearing device includes a supporting mechanism and a shearing mechanism.

[0027] The shearing mechanism includes: a cylinder piston rod driven by a hydraulic system, the piston rod is connected to a push rod, the push rod is connected to an intermediate connecting rod, and a shearing cutter head is used for shearing the collar;

[0028] The shearing cutter head is provided with a rotating center hole, and the shearing cutter head rotates along the rotating hole when cutting rivets. A pin hole is provided at the rear end of the shearing cutter head, and the middle pin can pass through the hole. The middle connecting rod drives the shearing cutter head to rotate through the middle pin; a hole is provided at the rear end of the middle connecting rod, and the push rod drives the middle connecting rod through the head pin to convert the linear motion of the push rod into a curved motion; there is a fixed support plate on each side of the shearing cutter head, the middle connecting rod and the push rod, which plays the role of limiting, fixing and supporting the shearing cutter head, the middle connecting rod and the push rod, and the locking sleeve cooperates with the fixing block so that the two fixed support plates are firmly locked on the driving tool;

[0029] The shearing cutter head is rotated and a screw is inserted into the center hole. The screw passes through the fixed support plates on both sides for support. One end of the screw contacts the fixed support plate, and a nut is screwed on the other end for fixation. The shearing cutter head, the middle connecting rod and the push rod are limited by the fixed support plate.

[0030] At the rotation center of the shearing cutter head, a bushing is inserted between the screw and the fixed support plates on both sides to reduce the wear of the screw on the fixed support plates.

[0031] As shown in the figure, an arc-shaped sharp tip is arranged at the end of the shearing blade, and the arc-shaped sharp tips of the two groups of shearing blades are combined to form a crescent-shaped opening and closing shearing structure; the crescent-shaped opening and closing shearing structure means that: the arc-shaped sharp tips of the two symmetrically arranged shearing blades are composed of two groups of arcs, the outer arc radius is larger than the inner arc radius, and when the two shearing blades are combined, the two inner arcs are combined into a nearly circular shape, forming the arc-shaped crescent-shaped opening and closing shearing structure; this structure can minimize the impact on the riveted parts when shearing rivets, can well ensure the inner hole size and surface quality of the original riveted object, realize the re-riveting of the original riveted object, and reduce the impact on the quality of the re-riveting.

[0032] A pin hole is respectively formed at the front end and the rear end of the middle connecting rod. The pin hole at the front end of the middle connecting rod is coaxial with the pin hole at the rear end of the shearing cutter head. The middle pin penetrates into the pin hole at the front end of the middle connecting rod and the pin hole at the rear end of the shearing cutter head.

[0033] A hinge is arranged on both sides of the front end of the push rod, and a coaxial pin hole is opened in the two hinges. The pin hole at the rear end of the middle connecting rod is coaxially aligned with the pin holes of the two hinges, and the head pin is inserted into the pin hole of the hinge at the front end of the push rod and the pin hole at the rear end of the middle connecting rod; a threaded hole matching the driving tool is opened at the rear end of the push rod, and the push rod is connected to the driving tool through the rear end threaded hole.

[0034] A threaded hole is provided on the inner wall of the locking sleeve, and the locking sleeve can be connected to a driving tool through the threaded hole. A raised structure is provided on the outer surface of the locking sleeve.

[0035] The inner wall of the fixing block is provided with a groove structure, the size of which matches the convex structure of the locking sleeve to fix it axially. The fixing block has two through holes, and screws can pass through the two through holes to fix the fixing block on the fixed support plate to prevent the fixing block from rotating circumferentially.

[0036] Two through holes are opened at the front end of the fixed support plate, and the two through holes are coaxially aligned with the rotating center hole of the shearing cutter head. Screws can pass through the two through holes of the fixed support plate and the rotating center hole of the shearing cutter head to axially fix the shearing cutter head, and the shearing cutter head can perform circumferential rotation along the rotating center hole.

[0037] The hydraulic system of this embodiment includes: a quick-change joint, a hydraulic pump, a relief valve, a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve, a pressure sensor and a pressure switch.

[0038] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in , 3 and 4, the shearing equipment of this embodiment includes a shearing cutter head 1, a fixed support plate 2, an intermediate connecting rod 3, a fixed block 4, a locking sleeve 5, a push rod 6 and other components.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the shearing head 1 is composed of two identical heads, one installed on the top and the other installed on the bottom. A head 35 responsible for shearing rivets is arranged at the front end of the shearing head. A rotating center hole 36 is opened in the shearing head 1, and a pin hole 37 is opened at the rear end of the shearing head 1. The screw 20 passes through the rotating center hole 36 and is fixed to the fixed support plate 2 through the front end gasket 24 and the nut 28.

[0040] A pin hole is respectively formed at the front end and the rear end of the intermediate connecting rod 3 , and the front end pin hole and the rear end pin hole 37 of the shearing cutter head 1 are hingedly connected through an intermediate pin 18 .

[0041] Two hinges 38 are provided at the front end of the push rod 6, and both hinges are provided with a coaxial pin hole 39. The head pin 17 can pass through the pin hole 39 and the pin hole at the rear end of the intermediate connecting rod 3. A threaded hole is provided at the rear end of the push rod, which is threadedly connected to the piston rod 11. The forward and backward movement of the piston rod 11 can drive the push rod 6 to move forward and backward.

[0042] The inner wall of the locking sleeve 5 is provided with a threaded hole, and the outer surface is provided with a raised structure; the inner wall of the fixing block 4 is provided with a groove structure, and the raised structure of the locking sleeve 5 matches the groove structure of the fixing block 4. The fixing block 4 has two through holes, and the screws 15 and the screws 16 are respectively inserted into the two holes, and are locked on the fixed support plate 2 through the rear end gasket 26 and the nuts 30 and the nuts 31; the fixed support plate 2 is composed of two identical support plates, and the two fixed support plates are provided with through holes at the same position. The two through holes at the front end are locked by the screws 20, the front end gasket 24 and the nut 28, the two middle through holes are locked by the screws 19 and the nuts 29, and the four through holes at the rear end are respectively locked by the screws 15 and the screws 16, the rear end gasket 26, the nuts 30 and the nuts 31, and the fixed support plate 2 is then fixed to the cylinder body 7 through the fixing block 4 and the locking sleeve 5.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is the principle diagram of the shearing equipment of the present invention. The shearing equipment includes three parts: power system I, control system II, and shearing device III. Among them, power system I can usually use a hydraulic pump station system to provide power for shearing, and shearing device III can be any shearing device that uses hydraulic power for shearing operations; control system II mainly controls the shearing process of shearing device III on rivets. In this example, power system I is a hydraulic pump station system that mainly provides power, and shearing device III is the execution part. The hydraulic oil at the outlet of the hydraulic oil pump of power source I is connected in parallel with the electromagnetic reversing valve 03, the electromagnetic reversing valve 04 and the overflow valve 02 through a pipeline, and the electromagnetic reversing valve 03 and the electromagnetic reversing valve 04 are connected to the oil cylinder of the shearing device III. Each reversing valve is a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve.

[0044] In order to ensure the system pressure and the safety of the shearing system, the shearing pressure of the shearing equipment is controlled by the overflow valve 02. The working process of the entire hydraulic system is as follows: press the pressure switch, YV1 of the reversing valve 03 and YV2 of the electromagnetic reversing valve 04 are energized, the left side of the oil cylinder of the shearing device III is filled with oil, and the piston rod 16 starts to move forward to drive the gun head to shear the rivet; release the pressure switch, YV1 of the electromagnetic reversing valve 03 and YV2 of the electromagnetic reversing valve 04 are de-energized, the right side of the oil cylinder of the shearing device III is filled with oil, and the piston rod 16 starts to move to the left to complete the shearing of a rivet.

[0045] The working process of the shearing device III is as follows: first, the blade 35 of the shearing blade 1 is pushed onto the surface of the base material 21 and the rivet 22 is ensured to be in the middle position between the two blades 35; the rivet gun button 14 is started, the piston rod 11 moves forward and drives the shearing blade 1 to perform radial shearing movement to shear the rivet through the push rod 6 and the middle connecting rod 3. After the two blades 35 are cut into place, the rivet breaks due to tension, and the piston rod 11 moves backward again and drives the blade 35 back to its original position through the push rod 6 and the middle connecting rod 3 to prepare for the next cutting.

[0046] Combined with Figures 1 to 10 , the entire shearing process of the rivet is as follows:

[0047] ①, such as Figure 1 As shown, install the gun head on the rivet gun;

[0048] ②, such as Figure 4 As shown, connect the oil pipe to the pump station and the riveting gun;

[0049] ③. Plug in the power supply of the pump station to prepare for the shearing of the rivets;

[0050] ④, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the blade 35 of the shearing blade 1 is gently pressed against the base material and aligned with the root of the collar;

[0051] ⑤. If Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, by pressing the pressure switch 14 of the shearing device III, the shearing device III drives the shearing head 1 to move radially to cut the collar 34 and the rivet 22;

[0052] like Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, after the shearing blade head 1 has cut the collar 34 and the rivet 22, it begins to retreat, thus completing the cutting of the rivet.

Claims

1. A rivet shearing equipment, comprising a shearing device for rivet shearing and a hydraulic system for providing power to the shearing device; characterized in that: The shearing device comprises a supporting mechanism and a shearing mechanism; The support mechanism comprises: two sets of support plates arranged in parallel, the rear end between the two sets of support plates arranged in parallel is fixed by two fixing blocks arranged upper and lower and connected by screws; a locking sleeve is fixed between the two fixing blocks arranged upper and lower, and the locking sleeve is connected and fixed to the oil cylinder of the hydraulic system by threads; The shearing mechanism includes: a cylinder piston rod driven by a hydraulic system, the piston rod is connected to drive a push rod, the push rod is driven and hinged with two groups of intermediate connecting rods arranged symmetrically at an angle along the center line, and the other ends of the two groups of intermediate connecting rods are respectively driven and hinged with one end of two groups of shearing heads symmetrically arranged along the center line; a hinged rotating center hole is set at the front of each shearing head and is hinged between the two groups of support plates of the supporting mechanism through an intermediate pin, so that the two groups of shearing heads are synchronously driven by the intermediate connecting rod to rotate around the intermediate pin and the heads open and close for shearing.

2. The rivet shearing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinged rotating center hole at the front of the shearing cutter head is arranged at a position less than one-third of the front end of the cutter head near the axis of the shearing cutter head, forming a lever cutting structure in which the rear end driving lever arm is larger than the front end shear arm; a rotating center bushing is embedded in the rotating center hole, and the middle pin passes through the rotating center bushing and is hinged between the two groups of support plates of the support mechanism.

3. The rivet shearing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the shearing blade is provided with an arc-shaped sharp blade tip, and the arc-shaped sharp blade tips of the two groups of shearing blades are combined to form a crescent-shaped opening and closing shearing structure.

4. The rivet shearing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the support plate is provided with a handle for supporting operating equipment.

5. The rivet shearing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod includes two connecting hinges arranged parallel to each other at the front end and a connecting sleeve at the rear end; the connecting sleeve is driven and connected to the cylinder piston rod through a thread; coaxial hinge pin holes are provided on the two connecting hinges, and the rear ends of the two middle connecting rods are hinged between the two connecting hinges arranged parallel to each other through head pins.

6. The rivet shearing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the locking sleeve is provided with a protruding structure surrounding the locking sleeve; the inner wall of the fixing block is provided with a groove structure, the size of the groove is the same as the protruding structure of the locking sleeve and they are embedded in each other for axial fixing.

7. The rivet shearing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing block is provided with two transverse through holes, and the fixing block is connected and fixed to the fixing support plate by screws passing through the two through holes.

8. The rivet shearing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic system comprises: a quick-change joint, a hydraulic pump, a relief valve, a two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve, a pressure sensor and a pressure switch.

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