Wastewater treatment method and device based on novel biological filler

Abstract

The invention provides a wastewater treatment method and device based on a novel biological filler, and the wastewater treatment method comprises the following steps: pretreating industrial wastewater with high oil content and turbidity content to obtain pretreated wastewater, carrying out biological oxidation on the pretreated wastewater to degrade organic matters and intercept suspended solids, and carrying out solid-liquid separation on the pretreated wastewater to obtain treated wastewater; the degradation efficiency is improved through aeration treatment, and secondary treatment wastewater is obtained; carrying out backwashing on a filter tank in which the secondary treatment wastewater is positioned so as to remove suspended matters and other impurities intercepted on a filler; the secondary treatment wastewater is subjected to subsequent treatment so as to reach the recycling or discharging standard. According to the method, grease, suspended solids and the like in the wastewater can be efficiently removed, and efficient removal of oil stains, suspended solids and the like in the wastewater is achieved through the excellent adsorption performance and separation performance of the novel biological filler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and in particular to a wastewater treatment method and device based on a novel biological filler. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of global industrialization, wastewater pollution has become an important environmental problem that needs to be solved urgently. Especially in the fields of heavy industry such as petroleum and chemical industry, the wastewater generated in the production process often contains a large amount of oil suspension and other complex organic matter. If these pollutants are directly discharged without effective treatment, they will cause serious pollution to natural water bodies, further affecting the ecological balance and human health.

[0003] Traditional wastewater treatment technologies, such as chemical precipitation and membrane separation, have achieved certain results in removing oil and reducing turbidity, but their limitations are becoming increasingly prominent. Chemical precipitation usually requires the addition of a large amount of chemical agents, which not only has high treatment costs, but may also cause secondary pollution problems; membrane separation faces challenges such as easy membrane clogging, high maintenance costs, and large equipment footprint. In addition, these traditional methods also have shortcomings in treatment efficiency and stability, making it difficult to meet increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements.

[0004] In view of the limitations of traditional treatment technologies, biological treatment has gradually gained popularity due to its environmental friendliness and relatively low cost. Biological treatment uses the feeding and metabolic capabilities of microorganisms to effectively decompose organic matter in water, thereby purifying wastewater. In this process, the filler that carries microorganisms plays a vital role. However, the biological fillers widely used in the current market, such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride plastics, epoxy fiberglass and other materials, although they meet the needs of biological biofilm to a certain extent, have relatively short service lives, unstable treatment effects, and may cause environmental pollution during production and use, which is contrary to the current green and sustainable development concepts advocated.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide a wastewater treatment method based on a new type of biological filler. The treatment method forms a unique new type of fiber filler by using a mixture of organic fibers and inorganic fibers. This new type of fiber filler, with its excellent adsorption and separation properties, demonstrates efficient removal of oil and suspended solids during wastewater treatment, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of the overall treatment process, achieving optimization and upgrading of wastewater treatment, and contributing to environmental protection and water resource reuse.

[0007] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a wastewater treatment device based on a new type of biological filler, which cleverly integrates the above-mentioned wastewater treatment method. The device utilizes a unique new type of biological filler, combined with a sophisticated process design, to greatly improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment and ensure that the effluent water quality meets the discharge standard or reuse water quality requirements.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are particularly adopted: A wastewater treatment method based on a novel biological filler comprises the following steps: First, the high-oil and turbid industrial wastewater is pre-treated to obtain pre-treated wastewater, and then the pre-treated wastewater is subjected to biological oxidation to degrade organic matter and intercept suspended solids, and then the degradation efficiency is improved through aeration treatment to obtain secondary treated wastewater; then the filter tank where the secondary treated wastewater is located is backwashed to remove suspended solids and other impurities intercepted on the filler; the secondary treated wastewater is subsequently treated to meet the standards for reuse or discharge.

[0009] Preferably, the pre-treatment is to precipitate and separate oil from water in the highly oily and turbid industrial wastewater.

[0010] Preferably, the biological oxidation utilizes the oxidation capacity of the biofilm on the novel biological filler to degrade organic matter in the pre-treated wastewater and intercept suspended matter in the pre-treated wastewater.

[0011] Preferably, the novel biological filler is a novel fiber filler, and the novel fiber filler is made of a combination of polyester fiber and glass fiber.

[0012] Preferably, the backwashing includes two steps of water washing and air washing. The combined use of water washing and air washing not only effectively improves the backwashing effect, but also can remove impurities attached to the new filler.

[0013] Preferably, the subsequent treatment is filtration and disinfection so that the water quality of the backwash wastewater can meet the standards for discharge and reuse.

[0014] The present invention effectively removes most of the oily suspended matter in industrial wastewater through the pre-treatment step, providing good conditions for the subsequent biological oxidation degradation process. The biological oxidation degradation using the biofilm on the new biological filler not only improves the removal efficiency of organic matter, but also further reduces the content of suspended matter through the physical interception effect of the filler, so that the quality of the treated water is significantly improved.

[0015] The new biological filler is a combination of polyester fiber and glass fiber. It has excellent physical properties and chemical stability, can withstand harsh wastewater treatment environments, extend the service life of the filler, and reduce the frequency of replacement. The new fiber filler, with its large specific surface area and excellent fiber structure, provides an ideal environment for microorganisms to attach and grow. Microorganisms can quickly form a dense biofilm on the surface of the filler, thereby effectively degrading organic matter and pollutants in wastewater.

[0016] The polyester fibers in the new biofiller are white bundled monofilaments with a density of 1.36 to 1.40 g / cm 3 The tensile strength is 850 MPa, the elongation at break is 18.5%, it is strong in acid and alkali resistance and safe and non-toxic; the density of glass fiber is 2.53~2.60g / cm 3 It is not easy to burn, has an elongation of 4.8%, and is not easy to corrode. Glass fiber has excellent corrosion resistance and can resist the erosion of acid and alkali substances and microorganisms in wastewater. At the same time, polyester fiber also has good acid and alkali resistance and durability, making the filler not easily damaged in long-term operation and extending its service life.

[0017] The backwashing process combines water washing and air washing. Water washing removes suspended matter and other impurities on the filler, while air washing helps to loosen and peel off stubborn pollutants attached to the filler. The combination of the two significantly improves the backwashing effect. The backwashing process ensures the continuous and efficient operation of the aerated biological filter, avoids the excessive growth and clogging of the biofilm, and improves the overall treatment efficiency of the present invention. The water quality of the secondary treated wastewater after biological oxidation degradation is significantly improved, and the subsequent treatment steps further purify the wastewater so that the water quality meets the standards for discharge or reuse, thereby achieving effective utilization of wastewater resources and environmental protection.

[0018] The present invention also provides a wastewater treatment device based on the novel biological filler, comprising: Pre-treatment equipment, biological oxidation equipment, aeration equipment, backwashing equipment, and subsequent treatment equipment; The pre-treatment equipment is used to treat highly oily and turbid industrial wastewater to remove large inorganic particles and grease impurities, and prevent clogging of subsequent treatment equipment; The biological oxidation equipment is used to degrade organic matter in pre-treated wastewater and intercept suspended matter in the water body, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the water body; The aeration equipment provides the air source required for aeration through the blower, and the air is compressed and then enters the air diffuser through the aeration pipe, so that the wastewater after biological oxidation can be more fully contacted with the air, and the suspended matter can be prevented from sinking; The backwashing equipment is used to effectively remove pollutants trapped on the novel filler by backwashing; The subsequent treatment equipment is used to filter and disinfect the backwash wastewater so that the water quality of the backwash wastewater reaches the standard for recycling or discharge.

[0019] Preferably, the pre-treatment equipment contains a grit chamber and a grease trap; The grit chamber is used to remove large inorganic particles in industrial wastewater, which can reduce wear and tear on subsequent equipment and malfunctions; The grease trap effectively removes grease from wastewater, can prevent solid suspended matter such as grease from clogging sewer pipes, ensures smooth drainage, and thus reduces the risk of clogging in subsequent treatment processes.

[0020] Preferably, the biological oxidation equipment is an aerated biological filter tank, the filter tank is filled with a new type of biological filler, and the pre-treated wastewater is biologically oxidized and degraded by the new type of biological filler.

[0021] The novel biological filler used in the treatment device of the present invention significantly enhances the biological oxidation degradation process of organic matter in wastewater by virtue of its large specific surface area and superior microbial biofilm performance, and at the same time effectively intercepts suspended matter in wastewater by virtue of its small particle size and biological flocculation effect of biofilm, thereby realizing efficient purification of wastewater. Through the well-designed aeration equipment, it is ensured that the wastewater is fully in contact with the air, which not only effectively prevents the sinking of suspended matter, but also greatly enhances the contact opportunity between dissolved oxygen and microorganisms and wastewater, further improving the efficiency of organic matter degradation. At the same time, the bubble stirring during the aeration process promotes the uniform distribution of pollutants on the surface of the filler, further improving the treatment effect of wastewater.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention introduces a new type of biological filler, which is a mixture of organic fiber (polyester fiber) and inorganic fiber (glass fiber) in a certain proportion. It has the advantages of large specific surface area, good microbial biofilm, and low corrosion resistance. The combination of these two fibers enables the filler to play a better role in the wastewater treatment process. Polyester fiber has strong acid and alkali resistance, is safe and non-toxic, and provides a good growth environment for microorganisms; while the characteristics of glass fiber such as low combustion and low corrosion ensure the long-term stable operation of the filler. At the same time, the removal efficiency of organic matter and suspended solids is significantly improved, specifically reaching about 80%, thereby accelerating the speed of wastewater treatment and shortening the wastewater treatment cycle.

[0023] Polyester fiber is resistant to acid and alkali and is safe and non-toxic, while glass fiber is non-flammable and corrosion-resistant. The combination of the two enables the new biological filler to maintain good physical properties and stability in harsh wastewater treatment environments, extending the service life of the filler, reducing replacement frequency, and lowering operating costs.

[0024] According to the characteristics of the wastewater and the treatment requirements, the density of the filler can be optimized by adjusting the volume ratio of polyester fiber and glass fiber, thereby preventing the filler from sinking and ensuring the stable operation of the treatment system. This flexibility enables the process to be widely applicable to the treatment of wastewater of different industries and properties, improving the adaptability and versatility of the process. The present invention designs a backwashing process including separate air washing, air-water combined washing and separate water washing, which can effectively remove pollutants trapped on the filler, avoid blockage problems caused by excessive growth of biofilm, and ensure the continuous and efficient operation of the treatment system. At the same time, the design of the backwashing process also reduces the waste of water resources and improves the overall treatment efficiency.

[0025] The entire treatment system is highly integrated, compact and easy to operate. Through the intelligent control system, key parameters such as water flow, aeration intensity, backwash cycle, etc. can be precisely controlled, which reduces the complexity and difficulty of manual operation and facilitates daily maintenance and troubleshooting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] By describing the embodiments of the present application in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent. The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation of the present application. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components or steps. Figure 1 This is a diagram of the key components of the wastewater treatment device of the present application.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1- receiving water tank, 2- water inlet valve, 3- new biological filler, 4- air diffuser, 5- aerated biological filter, 6- backwash water inlet pipe, 7- backwash water inlet valve, 8- backwash air inlet pipe, 9- backwash air inlet valve, 10- drain pipe, 11- backwash drain pipe, 12- backwash drain valve, 13- aeration pipe, 14- aeration air inlet valve, 15- special filter head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following described embodiments are part of embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. If specific conditions are not indicated in the embodiments, they are carried out according to normal conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not indicated in the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0029] The present invention provides a wastewater treatment method based on a novel biological filler. Specifically, first there is pre-treatment, where the industrial wastewater with high oil content and turbidity first enters a grit chamber, where large inorganic particles (such as sand, coal slag, etc.) in the industrial wastewater are removed by gravity sedimentation, and the industrial wastewater treated in the grit chamber enters a grease trap through a pipeline, where the density difference between oil droplets and water is used to make the grease in the wastewater float to the water surface, and then the floating grease is removed by an oil scraper assembly; the industrial wastewater treated in the grit chamber and the grease trap is the pre-treated wastewater; then the pre-treated wastewater enters a receiving tank 1 through a pipeline for storage, and the suspended solids content in the pre-treated wastewater in the receiving tank 1 is significantly reduced; then the pre-treated wastewater flows from the receiving tank into an aerated biological filter 5, where a novel biological filler 3 is installed, and microorganisms are attached to the surface of the filler, and these microorganisms can form a biofilm, in the pre-treatment When the pre-treated wastewater flows through the aerated biological filter 5, the organic matter in the pre-treated wastewater is degraded by the oxidation ability of the biofilm; the pre-treated wastewater is fully in contact with the new biological filler 3 in the filter, and the biofilm on the surface of the new biological filler 3 not only degrades the organic matter but also has a biological flocculation effect, which can intercept the suspended matter in the pre-treated wastewater; an aeration process is carried out during the biological oxidation degradation process, and air is sent into the aerated biological filter through a blower, and the wastewater in the filter is contacted with the air through an air diffuser 4 to form tiny bubbles, increase the dissolved oxygen content in the water body, and improve the degradation efficiency of organic matter. When the predetermined treatment effect is achieved, the secondary treated wastewater generated flows out of the aerated biological filter 5 and enters the subsequent treatment equipment for further purification, so that the secondary treated wastewater meets the discharge or recycling standards and meets the requirements of environmental protection. After the aerated biological filter 5 has been running for a period of time, it is determined whether backwashing is required based on the situation of suspended matter trapped on the new biological filler 3. When the suspended matter accumulates to a certain extent and affects the treatment effect of the industrial wastewater, backwashing is required. After deciding to backwash, the use of the aerated biological filter 5 is stopped, and the new biological filler 3 is backwashed. The special filter head 15 is used to distribute water and air so that air and clean water can be evenly distributed on the new biological filler 3, and the impurities remaining on the new biological filler 3 are removed, so that the wastewater treatment capacity of the aerated biological pool 5 is restored, and the pre-treated wastewater is received again for treatment. This cycle is repeated to form a continuous and stable industrial wastewater treatment process.

[0030] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the implementation methods.

[0031] Example The practical application of the wastewater treatment method based on the novel biological filler of the present invention is shown in Figure 1As shown, the use of the wastewater treatment device based on the novel biological filler of the present invention includes the following process: First, the highly oily and turbid industrial wastewater is first passed through the grit chamber to remove larger particles, and then separated by the grease trap to remove most of the grease, and then enters the receiving tank 1. In the receiving tank 1, the concentration of suspended solids in the pre-treated wastewater is controlled to be no more than 60 mg / L. The flow rate of the pre-treated wastewater flowing out of the receiving tank 1 is accurately controlled by the water inlet valve 2, and the water is sent to the aerated biological tank 5 through the pipeline.

[0032] A certain amount of new biological filler 3 is filled inside the aerated biological filter 5. The new biological filler 3 is made of polyester fiber and glass fiber mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, and the density of the combined filler is 1.9g / cm 3 , with the characteristics of large specific surface area, good microbial biofilm, and non-corrosiveness; when water flows through the new biological filler 3, the biofilm formed by the microorganisms attached to the surface of the new biological filler 3 will use its own oxidation ability to degrade the organic matter in the wastewater, effectively removing the organic matter in the industrial wastewater and improving the efficiency of biological treatment of industrial wastewater. Since the particle size of the new biological filler 3 is small and the biofilm formed on the surface of the new biological filler 3 has a certain biological flocculation effect, when the wastewater flows through the new biological filler 3, the suspended matter will be trapped on the surface of the filler; the suspended matter in the wastewater is effectively removed and the clarity of the wastewater is improved. At the same time, the trapped suspended matter also provides more attachment points and nutrients for microorganisms, promoting the growth and development of the biofilm.

[0033] During the biological oxidation degradation process, aeration treatment is performed, the aeration air inlet valve 14 is opened, and the gas generated by the blower enters the air diffuser 4 through the aeration pipe 13, so that the wastewater is fully in contact with the air; through aeration, the suspended matter in the wastewater can be prevented from sinking, and the contact between the dissolved oxygen and the microorganisms on the filler and the wastewater can be strengthened, so that the organic matter in the wastewater can be more effectively degraded; at the same time, the aeration process also plays a role in stirring the wastewater, so that the pollutants in the wastewater are more evenly distributed on the surface of the new biological filler 3. After aeration treatment, the output is secondary treated wastewater, which is sent to the subsequent treatment equipment through the drain pipe 10. The subsequent treatment equipment contains a deep treatment system, which can filter and disinfect the secondary treated wastewater, and finally make the oily and turbid wastewater meet the treatment standards for recycling.

[0034] When the wastewater treatment device runs for a long time and the treatment effect decreases, the water inlet valve 2 is closed to stop the water inlet to the aerated biological filter 5, and the impurities on the new biological filler 3 are removed by the backwashing process; the backwashing is carried out according to the steps of single air washing-air-water combined washing-single water washing; first, the backwashing air inlet valve 9 is opened, and the gas enters the aerated biological filter 5 through the backwashing air inlet pipe 8, and the gas forms tiny bubbles in the filter, disturbs the filler layer, and preliminarily removes the loose impurities on the surface of the new biological filler 3; then, the backwashing water inlet valve 7 is opened, and water enters the aerated biological filter 5 through the backwashing water inlet pipe 6, and the air-water combined washing is carried out for 5 minutes. The combined action of air and water forms a strong scouring force, and the pollutants on the new biological filler 3 are thoroughly washed; finally, the backwashing air inlet valve 9 is closed to stop the gas supply, and the backwashing water inlet valve 7 is kept open, and the cleaning is continued with clean water, and the clean water is evenly distributed to the filler layer through the special filter head 15 to further remove the residual impurities. Finally, the backwash drain valve 12 is opened to allow the backwash water generated during the backwash process to be discharged through the backwash drain pipe 11. Then, the water inlet valve 2 is reopened to carry out the wastewater treatment process.

[0035] In general, the removal efficiency of grease and suspended solids in traditional aerated biological filters for industrial wastewater treatment is usually maintained at around 70%. However, the aerated biological filter of the present invention introduces an innovative combined biological filler technology, which is carefully mixed with polyester fiber and glass fiber in a volume ratio of 1:1, and the removal capacity of oil and other organic pollutants in wastewater has jumped to 80% or more, achieving a significant increase in the organic matter removal rate, greatly optimizing the wastewater purification effect, and also laying a solid foundation for ensuring the smooth operation of the subsequent wastewater treatment process.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wastewater treatment method based on a novel biological filler, characterized in that: The steps include: First, the high-oil and turbid industrial wastewater is pre-treated to obtain pre-treated wastewater, and then the pre-treated wastewater is subjected to biological oxidation to degrade organic matter and intercept suspended solids, and then the degradation efficiency is improved through aeration treatment to obtain secondary treated wastewater; then the filter tank where the secondary treated wastewater is located is backwashed to remove suspended solids and other impurities intercepted on the filler; the secondary treated wastewater is subsequently treated to meet the standards for reuse or discharge.

2. The method for treating wastewater based on a novel biological filler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-treatment is to precipitate and separate oil from water in the highly oily and turbid industrial wastewater.

3. The wastewater treatment method based on the novel biological filler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The biological oxidation utilizes the oxidation capacity of the biofilm on the novel biological filler to degrade the organic matter in the pre-treated wastewater and to intercept the suspended matter in the pre-treated wastewater.

4. The method for treating wastewater based on novel biological filler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The novel biological filler is a novel fiber filler, and the material of the novel fiber filler is a combination of polyester fiber and glass fiber.

5. The method for treating wastewater based on novel biological filler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backwashing includes two steps of water washing and air washing. The combined use of water washing and air washing not only effectively improves the backwashing effect, but also can remove impurities attached to the new filler.

6. The method for treating wastewater based on novel biological filler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The subsequent treatment is filtering and disinfecting so that the water quality of the backwash wastewater can meet the standards for discharge and reuse.

7. A wastewater treatment device based on a novel biological filler as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: Pre-treatment equipment, biological oxidation equipment, aeration equipment, backwashing equipment, and subsequent treatment equipment; The pre-treatment equipment is used to treat highly oily and turbid industrial wastewater to remove large inorganic particles and grease impurities, and prevent clogging of subsequent treatment equipment; The biological oxidation equipment is used to degrade organic matter in pre-treated wastewater and intercept suspended matter in the water body to improve the treatment efficiency of the water body; The aeration equipment provides the air source required for aeration through the blower, and the air is compressed and then enters the air diffuser through the aeration pipe, so that the wastewater after biological oxidation can be more fully contacted with the air, and the suspended matter can be prevented from sinking; The backwashing equipment is used to effectively remove pollutants trapped on the novel filler by backwashing; The subsequent treatment equipment is used to filter and disinfect the backwash wastewater so that the water quality of the backwash wastewater reaches the standard for recycling or discharge.

8. The wastewater treatment device based on the novel biological filler according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The pre-treatment equipment includes a sand trap and a grease trap; The grit chamber is used to remove large inorganic particles in industrial wastewater, which can reduce wear and tear on subsequent equipment and malfunctions; The grease trap effectively removes grease from wastewater, can prevent solid suspended matter such as grease from clogging sewer pipes, ensures smooth drainage, and thus reduces the risk of clogging in subsequent treatment processes.

9. The wastewater treatment device based on the novel biological filler according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The biological oxidation equipment is an aerated biological filter tank, in which a new type of biological filler is filled, and the pre-treated wastewater is subjected to biological oxidation and degradation by the new type of biological filler.

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