Energy-saving method for treating garden waste at low cost

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, and particularly discloses a low-cost energy-saving method for treating garden garbage, which comprises the following steps: collecting the garden garbage, and sorting according to the size of the garden garbage; and naturally air-drying, and fumigating by using a low-temperature thermal cracking technology to form plant ash and charcoal. The wood chips, the plant ash and the charcoal are uniformly mixed in proportion, and the livestock and poultry manure and the kitchen garbage are added for anaerobic fermentation to prepare the organic fertilizer. The garden waste is prepared into the organic fertilizer, the soil fertility is high, the organic fertilizer provides a rich nutrient source for soil, the garden waste is utilized, and low-cost treatment of the garden waste is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal, and in particular to an energy-saving method for treating garden garbage at a low cost. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the acceleration of urbanization, the construction of urban gardens and greening has received increasing attention. The role of gardens and greening in improving urban environmental quality, alleviating urban heat island effect, and maintaining urban ecological balance has received more and more attention and has been rapidly implemented and developed. However, with the continuous growth of urban greening area, garden waste will inevitably accumulate in large quantities. Urban garden and greening waste has become a headache for major cities, especially in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall all year round, with a large amount of flowers, plants and trees growing, and typhoons landing in gardens have caused a sharp increase in the amount of garbage.

[0003] The prior art CN117284663A provides a system and method for processing garden waste, including a trash can, a first drone landing pad, a drone, a cleaning terminal, a cloud server, a garbage monitoring platform and a second drone landing pad arranged on the trash can. The system monitors the filling status of the trash can in real time to improve the efficiency of garbage cleaning; conducts road inspections and video collection through drones to provide accurate data support for road garbage; the cloud server intelligently plans cleaning routes, optimizes cleaning workload, and reduces cleaning costs; and provides an integrated garden waste treatment system to improve the automation and intelligence level of garden waste cleaning.

[0004] However, in the prior art, the cost of garden waste treatment is too high, and the utilization rate of waste treatment is low, and it is impossible to achieve low-cost and high-utilization treatment of garden waste. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving method for treating garden waste at a low cost, aiming to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the cost of garden waste treatment is too high, the utilization rate of waste treatment is low, and the low-cost and high-utilization treatment of garden waste cannot be achieved.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts a low-cost energy-saving method for treating garden waste, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Collect garden waste and sort it according to its volume;

[0008] Saw the sorted garden waste into chips and wood chips;

[0009] The chips and sawdust are naturally air-dried and then thermally cracked and smoked at low temperature to form plant ash and charcoal;

[0010] The sawdust, wood ash and charcoal are uniformly mixed in proportion, and livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste are added to carry out anaerobic fermentation to produce organic fertilizer.

[0011] Among them, garden waste is collected and sorted according to the size of the garden waste, including:

[0012] The garden waste is cleaned and collected in a centralized manner. After the garden waste is collected, large branches and poles are selected separately, and large stones, metal products and plastic bags in the garden waste are removed. The remaining waste is slag-processed to remove mud, sand and stone particles.

[0013] Among them, the sorted garden waste is sawn into debris and wood chips, including:

[0014] The waste materials formed by the combination of fallen leaves, weeds and small dead branches are sawn to form debris, the large branches and poles are partially sawn separately to form wood chips, and the other branches and poles are cut into small pieces.

[0015] The chips and sawdust are naturally air-dried and then thermally cracked and smoked at low temperature to form plant ash and charcoal, specifically including:

[0016] The debris, wood chips and branches are naturally air-dried separately, and then the debris and wood chips are evenly mixed. The mixture is put into a vacuum carbonization furnace, and the air-dried branches are used as fuel for carbonization of the mixture. The combustion of the branches provides a heat source for the carbonization of the mixture. The mixture is converted into charcoal powder during the vacuum carbonization process, and the branches that provide the heat source form wood ash during the combustion process, thereby producing wood ash and charcoal powder.

[0017] The above-mentioned sawdust, plant ash and charcoal are uniformly mixed in proportion, and livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste are added for anaerobic fermentation to produce organic fertilizer, which specifically includes:

[0018] Sawdust, wood ash and charcoal are uniformly mixed in a ratio of 3:1:1, and a proper amount of water is added during the mixing process. After uniform mixing, livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste are pre-treated and added to the mixed raw materials. The mixing ratio of the mixed raw materials, livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste is 1:1:1, and anaerobic fermentation bacteria are added in an amount of 0% to 0.5% of the total amount of the mixed raw materials, livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste until all the raw materials are uniformly mixed and the final moisture content of the mixture reaches 35% to 50%.

[0019] Among them, the pretreatment of livestock and poultry manure includes:

[0020] Collect livestock and poultry manure and store it in appropriate containers or facilities to prevent leakage of livestock and poultry manure. Separate the solid and liquid in the livestock and poultry manure, and perform anaerobically fermentation on the liquid extracted from the livestock and poultry manure. The fermented liquid manure is kept for later use. Perform anaerobically fermentation on the solid manure extracted from the livestock and poultry manure. The fermented solid manure is kept for later use. Finally, the extracted solid manure and liquid manure are directly mixed with sawdust, wood ash and charcoal in proportion.

[0021] Among them, the pretreatment of food waste includes:

[0022] Collect leftovers, fruit peels and vegetable leaves, remove large pieces of meat, bones and fat from the leftovers, and crush the processed leftovers, fruit peels and vegetable leaves through a grinder to make them ferment better, and keep the crushed kitchen waste for later use.

[0023] The invention discloses an energy-saving method for treating garden waste at a low cost. The garden waste is made into organic fertilizer, which can effectively reduce pollution sources. Garden waste is usually regarded as waste. It can be converted into valuable organic fertilizer through composting to realize resource recycling. The organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter, which can increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve the soil structure, and make the soil more transportable and breathable. The organic fertilizer is rich in nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements, which can meet the needs of plant growth and improve soil fertility. The organic fertilizer provides a rich nutrient source for the soil, which is conducive to the reproduction and activity of microorganisms, thereby accelerating the decomposition and mineralization process of organic matter. The organic fertilizer has many kinds of nutrients and coordinated proportions, which can meet the needs of comprehensive growth of plants, can better resist pests and diseases and adverse environments, and the garden waste is recycled, and the low-cost treatment of the garden waste is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the steps of a low-cost energy-saving method for processing garden waste according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides an energy-saving method for treating garden waste at a low cost, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1: Collect garden waste and sort it according to its volume;

[0028] S2: Saw the sorted garden waste into chips and wood chips respectively;

[0029] S3: The chips and sawdust are naturally air-dried and then thermally cracked and smoked at low temperature to form plant ash and charcoal;

[0030] S4: The sawdust, wood ash and charcoal are uniformly mixed in proportion, and livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste are added to perform anaerobic fermentation to produce organic fertilizer.

[0031] In this embodiment, garden waste is made into organic fertilizer, which can effectively reduce pollution sources. Garden waste is usually regarded as waste. Through composting, it can be converted into valuable organic fertilizer to achieve resource recycling. Organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter, which can increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve soil structure, and make the soil more transportable and breathable. The organic fertilizer is rich in nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements, which can meet the needs of plant growth and improve soil fertility. Organic fertilizer provides a rich source of nutrients for the soil, which helps the reproduction and activity of microorganisms, thereby accelerating the decomposition and mineralization process of organic matter. The nutrients in organic fertilizer are of many types and coordinated in proportion, which can meet the needs of comprehensive plant growth and can better resist pests and diseases and adverse environments.

[0032] Furthermore, the garden waste is collected and sorted according to the volume of the garden waste, including:

[0033] The garden waste is cleaned and collected in a centralized manner. After the garden waste is collected, large branches and poles are selected separately, and large stones, metal products and plastic bags in the garden waste are removed. The remaining waste is slag-processed to remove mud, sand and stone particles.

[0034] In this embodiment, large branches and poles are removed to facilitate subsequent processing. At the same time, removing stones, metal products and plastic bags can improve the efficiency of subsequent anaerobic fermentation. At the same time, removing impurities from garden waste can improve the fertility of organic fertilizer.

[0035] Further, the sorted garden waste is sawn into chips and wood chips, specifically including:

[0036] The waste materials formed by the combination of fallen leaves, weeds and small dead branches are sawn to form debris, the large branches and poles are partially sawn separately to form wood chips, and the other branches and poles are cut into small pieces.

[0037] In this embodiment, the garden waste is sawed into wood chips for better mixing, and the water absorption rate and fermentation efficiency can be improved. The blocky branches and poles can be sawed, and the debris is supported by charcoal powder through vacuum low-temperature thermal cracking and carbonization. The blocky branches and poles can extend the smoking time and achieve the purpose of saving fuel.

[0038] Furthermore, the chips and sawdust are naturally air-dried and then thermally cracked and smoked at low temperature to form plant ash and charcoal, specifically including:

[0039] The debris, wood chips and branches are naturally air-dried separately, and then the debris and wood chips are evenly mixed. The mixture is put into a vacuum carbonization furnace, and the air-dried branches are used as fuel for carbonization of the mixture. The combustion of the branches provides a heat source for the carbonization of the mixture. The mixture is converted into charcoal powder during the vacuum carbonization process, and the branches that provide the heat source form wood ash during the combustion process, thereby producing wood ash and charcoal powder.

[0040] In this embodiment, moisture in the debris, sawdust and wood blocks can be removed by natural air drying, and the natural air drying method can also effectively reduce the processing cost. Using wood blocks as the carbonization heat source of debris and sawdust, wood ash and charcoal can be produced at the same time, and the carbon emissions caused by low-temperature thermal cracking and smoking can be reduced. The debris and sawdust have small particle sizes and a large heating surface area, so the carbonization efficiency is high.

[0041] Furthermore, the sawdust, plant ash and charcoal are uniformly mixed in proportion, and livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste are added for anaerobic fermentation to produce organic fertilizer, specifically including:

[0042] Sawdust, wood ash and charcoal are uniformly mixed in a ratio of 3:1:1, and a proper amount of water is added during the mixing process. After uniform mixing, livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste are pre-treated and added to the mixed raw materials. The mixing ratio of the mixed raw materials, livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste is 1:1:1, and anaerobic fermentation bacteria are added in an amount of 0% to 0.5% of the total amount of the mixed raw materials, livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste until all the raw materials are uniformly mixed and the final moisture content of the mixture reaches 35% to 50%.

[0043] In this embodiment, sawdust, wood ash, charcoal, livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste are mixed, and anaerobic fermentation bacteria are added for anaerobic fermentation, which can effectively reduce the pollution of these wastes to the environment, avoid air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution caused by their random stacking or low-temperature thermal cracking and smoking, and convert these wastes into organic fertilizers through anaerobic fermentation, thereby realizing the recycling of resources and reducing the waste of resources. The mixture of sawdust and wood ash can significantly promote the production of biogas during the anaerobic fermentation process. The mixture of sawdust and wood ash may improve the quality of fertilizer by improving the activity of microorganisms. Livestock and poultry manure is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are the nutrients required for plant growth, while wood ash contains more potassium, calcium and phosphorus minerals. The combination of the two can complement each other's nutrients and make organic fertilizer more comprehensive and balanced. The addition of sawdust can increase the porosity of the soil, improve the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, which is beneficial to the growth of plant roots. Wood ash is alkaline and can neutralize the acidic substances in the soil and adjust the soil pH value to make it more suitable for plant growth. Treating livestock and poultry manure and wood ash through composting and fermentation can make the nutrients in them more stable and reduce the loss during the application process.

[0044] Furthermore, the livestock and poultry manure is pre-treated, specifically including:

[0045] Collect livestock and poultry manure and store it in appropriate containers or facilities to prevent leakage of livestock and poultry manure. Separate the solid and liquid in the livestock and poultry manure, and perform anaerobically fermentation on the liquid extracted from the livestock and poultry manure. The fermented liquid manure is kept for later use. Perform anaerobically fermentation on the solid manure extracted from the livestock and poultry manure. The fermented solid manure is kept for later use. Finally, the extracted solid manure and liquid manure are directly mixed with sawdust, wood ash and charcoal in proportion.

[0046] In this embodiment, the solid feces and liquid feces in livestock and poultry feces are separated and processed, which can effectively improve the processing efficiency of livestock and poultry feces. Solid feces and liquid feces differ in composition and properties. After separation, they can be targetedly processed according to their respective characteristics to improve the processing efficiency. The separation of solid feces and liquid feces reduces the difficulty of processing and can be processed and disposed of more quickly. After separation, the solid feces and liquid feces can be utilized as resources respectively to reduce the processing cost.

[0047] Furthermore, the food waste is pre-processed, specifically including:

[0048] Collect leftovers, fruit peels and vegetable leaves, remove large pieces of meat, bones and fat from the leftovers, and crush the processed leftovers, fruit peels and vegetable leaves through a grinder to make them ferment better, and keep the crushed kitchen waste for later use.

[0049] In this embodiment, the kitchen waste participates in composting, which realizes the recycling of resources and reduces the dependence on limited natural resources. It contains organic matter and microorganisms, which can increase the organic matter content of the soil, improve soil permeability and water retention capacity, improve soil structure, meet the needs of plant growth, and promote the healthy and vigorous growth of plants.

[0050] Further, the sawdust, plant ash, charcoal powder, kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure are mixed and anaerobic fermented, specifically including:

[0051] Put the mixed raw materials into the fermentation container and seal the container with a sealing cover or plastic film to form an anaerobic environment inside. During the anaerobic fermentation process, the temperature is controlled between 30℃ and 60℃ to maintain the activity of microorganisms. During the anaerobic fermentation process, use a long-handled tool or mechanical agitator to stir the raw materials once or twice a week to avoid opening the container frequently. The mixed materials are fermented continuously for 45 to 90 days to complete the anaerobic composting of the garbage.

[0052] In this embodiment, by mixing and fermenting sawdust, wood ash, charcoal powder, kitchen waste and livestock and poultry manure, and using the mixed material for anaerobic fermentation treatment, the fermentation efficiency can be effectively improved, and more raw materials can be involved, thereby increasing the diversity and flexibility of organic fertilizer preparation.

[0053] Furthermore, the anaerobic fermentation process specifically includes: installing a gas collection pipe and a gas storage bag on the outer wall of the fermentation container, collecting the biogas generated during the anaerobic fermentation process without opening the container, and realizing further recycling.

[0054] In this embodiment, the biogas generated during the anaerobic fermentation process is collected through the collection pipe and the gas storage bag, and the substances generated during the treatment process can be further utilized, so that the utilization of various substances in the raw material waste is more thorough during the treatment.

[0055] What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A low-cost energy-saving method for treating garden waste, characterized in that: The steps include: Collect garden waste and sort it according to its volume; Saw the sorted garden waste into chips and wood chips; The chips and sawdust are naturally air-dried and then thermally cracked and smoked at low temperature to form plant ash and charcoal; The sawdust, wood ash and charcoal are uniformly mixed in proportion, and livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste are added to carry out anaerobic fermentation to produce organic fertilizer.

2. A low-cost energy-saving method for treating garden waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Collect garden waste and sort it according to its volume, including: The garden waste is cleaned and collected in a centralized manner. After the garden waste is collected, large branches and poles are selected separately, and large stones, metal products and plastic bags in the garden waste are removed. The remaining waste is slag-processed to remove mud, sand and stone particles.

3. A low-cost energy-saving method for treating garden waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sorted garden waste is sawn into chips and wood chips, including: The waste materials formed by the combination of fallen leaves, weeds and small dead branches are sawn to form debris, the large branches and poles are partially sawn separately to form wood chips, and the other branches and poles are cut into small pieces.

4. A low-cost energy-saving method for treating garden waste as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The chips and sawdust are naturally air-dried and then thermally cracked and smoked at low temperature to form plant ash and charcoal, including: The debris, wood chips and branches are naturally air-dried separately, and then the debris and wood chips are evenly mixed. The mixture is put into a vacuum carbonization furnace, and the air-dried branches are used as fuel for carbonization of the mixture. The combustion of the branches provides a heat source for the carbonization of the mixture. The mixture is converted into charcoal powder during the vacuum carbonization process, and the branches that provide the heat source form wood ash during the combustion process, thereby producing wood ash and charcoal powder.

5. The low-cost energy-saving method for treating garden waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sawdust, plant ash and charcoal are mixed evenly in proportion, and livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste are added for anaerobic fermentation to produce organic fertilizer, which specifically includes: Sawdust, wood ash and charcoal are uniformly mixed in a ratio of 3:1:1, and a proper amount of water is added during the mixing process. After uniform mixing, livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste are pre-treated and added to the mixed raw materials. The mixing ratio of the mixed raw materials, livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste is 1:1:1, and anaerobic fermentation bacteria are added in an amount of 0% to 0.5% of the total amount of the mixed raw materials, livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste until all the raw materials are uniformly mixed and the final moisture content of the mixture reaches 35% to 50%.

6. A low-cost energy-saving method for treating garden waste as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: Pre-treatment of livestock and poultry manure includes: Collect livestock and poultry manure and store it in appropriate containers or facilities to prevent leakage of livestock and poultry manure. Separate the solid and liquid in the livestock and poultry manure, and perform anaerobically fermentation on the liquid extracted from the livestock and poultry manure. The fermented liquid manure is kept for later use. Perform anaerobically fermentation on the solid manure extracted from the livestock and poultry manure. The fermented solid manure is kept for later use. Finally, the extracted solid manure and liquid manure are directly mixed with sawdust, wood ash and charcoal in proportion.

7. A low-cost energy-saving method for treating garden waste as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: Pre-treatment of food waste includes: Collect leftovers, fruit peels and vegetable leaves, remove large pieces of meat, bones and fat from the leftovers, and crush the processed leftovers, fruit peels and vegetable leaves through a grinder to make them ferment better, and keep the crushed kitchen waste for later use.

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