Composite solid lubricant for speed reducer in cold and humid environment and preparation method of composite solid lubricant

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite solid lubricant for a speed reducer in a cold and humid environment and a preparation method thereof. Belongs to the technical field of lubricants. The lubricant for the speed reducer is composed of the liquid-state total-synthesis base oil, the composite solid lubricating material and the additive, the liquid-state total-synthesis base oil in the components is the lubricant and a carrier of the composite solid lubricating material, and the composite solid lubricating material can form a firm composite lubricating film and a transfer film on a friction interface through friction; the double film has good adhesion strength and high bearing capacity, endows the lubricating oil with good wear resistance and self-sealing performance, avoids the influence of cold and wet environments on the lubricating oil, solves the problem of oil leakage of a speed reducer, effectively reduces relative wear of a metal surface and a matching surface, and prolongs the service life of the lubricating oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lubricants, and more particularly to a composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Lubricating oil is a liquid or semi-solid lubricant used in various types of automobiles and mechanical equipment to reduce friction and protect machinery and processed parts. It mainly plays the role of lubrication, auxiliary cooling, rust prevention, cleaning, sealing and buffering. As long as it is applied between two objects in relative motion and can reduce the friction and wear caused by the contact between the two objects, it is a lubricating oil. Lubricating oil generally consists of two parts: base oil and additives. Base oil is the main component of lubricating oil and determines the basic properties of lubricating oil. Additives can make up for and improve the deficiencies in the performance of base oil and give it some new properties. They are an important part of lubricating oil. Additives are the essence of modern advanced lubricating oil. Correct selection and reasonable addition can improve its physical and chemical properties, give the lubricating oil new special properties, or strengthen its original properties to meet higher requirements. According to the quality and performance required by the lubricating oil, the careful selection, careful balance and reasonable deployment of additives are the key to ensuring the quality of lubricating oil.

[0003] Reducer lubricant is a type of lubricant, and its performance requirements are more stringent than those of ordinary lubricants. Reducers are a basic transmission device widely used in various industries. When they are working, gears and other components operate under high loads, and the friction is relatively large. Therefore, the reducer lubricant needs to have good wear resistance. Furthermore, when reducers are used in industries such as mining, ports, wind power, new energy, and metallurgy, they are often subjected to harsh environments such as extreme temperature differences, high temperature baking, or cold and humidity all year round. In cold and humid environments, ordinary reducer lubricants face many problems. For example, liquid lubricants may increase in viscosity and deteriorate in fluidity due to low temperatures, making it difficult to effectively reach the lubrication parts, and may even solidify, resulting in lubrication failure, aggravated component wear, and leakage, making lubrication failure and oil leakage pollution common faults in reducer systems.

[0004] Therefore, how to develop a reducer lubricant with better lubrication performance that can effectively deal with the lubrication failure and oil leakage problems of reducer lubricants in cold and humid environments is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment and a preparation method thereof. The reducer lubricant of the present invention is composed of a liquid fully synthetic base oil, a composite solid lubricating material and an additive. The liquid fully synthetic base oil in the components is both a lubricant and a carrier of the composite solid lubricating material. The composite solid lubricating material can form a firm composite lubricating film and a transfer film on the friction interface through friction. The double film has good adhesion strength and high load-bearing capacity, which gives the lubricating oil of the present invention good anti-wear performance, self-sealing performance, good regeneration and a long lubrication life, effectively reduces the relative wear between the metal surface and the mating surface, and also solves the problem of oil leakage in the reducer.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1% to 3.7% molybdenum disulfide, 1% to 3.4% hexagonal boron nitride, 0.01% to 1.6% niobium diselenide, 0.07% to 1.5% carbon, 0.07% to 0.4% tin powder, 0.35% to 2.5% tungsten carbide, 1% to 11% polybutylene glycol, 1.21% to 5% antioxidant, 0.05% to 1.59% molybdate, and the remainder is used to make up 100% of basic lubricating oil.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide: a composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment, characterized in that it comprises the following components in weight percentage: 2.0% molybdenum disulfide, 2.2% hexagonal boron nitride, 0.6% niobium diselenide, 0.8% carbon, 0.18% tin powder, 1.17% tungsten carbide, 8.5% polybutylene glycol, 1.8% antioxidant, 0.65% molybdate, and the balance is 100% of the base lubricant.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned formula are as follows: the base lubricating oil in the formula of the present invention is a liquid fully synthetic base oil, which can be used as a lubricant to lubricate and also as a carrier of a composite solid lubricating material, effectively carrying the composite solid lubricating material; the molybdenum disulfide, hexagonal boron nitride, niobium diselenide, carbon, tin powder, tungsten carbide, polybutylene glycol and molybdate in the formula can form a firm composite lubricating film and transfer film on the friction interface through friction as a composite solid lubricating material, and this double film has good adhesion strength and high load-bearing capacity; and the antioxidant can effectively prevent other materials from oxidative deterioration during use, play a protective role in the system, and extend the service life of the lubricating material; molybdate is an environmentally friendly rust inhibitor, which can form a molybdenum oxide protective film on the metal surface and has good corrosion inhibition and rust prevention performance.

[0010] Preferably, the antioxidant is dipentyl dithiocarbamate.

[0011] Preferably, the base lubricating oil is polyether.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide: a method for preparing a composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment, comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) grinding and mixing molybdenum disulfide, hexagonal boron nitride, niobium diselenide, carbon, tin powder, tungsten carbide, polybutylene glycol, antioxidant and molybdate according to the above proportions to obtain a mixed material;

[0014] (2) The mixed material in step (1) is heated to 150-160° C., and then the base lubricating oil is slowly added, stirred and mixed, and cooled to room temperature to prepare a composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment.

[0015] Preferably, the particle size of the grinding in step (1) is ≤80 μm.

[0016] Preferably, the stirring speed in step (2) is 500-1000 r / min and the stirring time is 80-120 min.

[0017] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) During the use of the composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment of the present invention, it is directly filled into the gear box of the reducer. During the operation of the reducer, due to friction and extrusion, the composite solid lubricant will form a composite lubricating film and a transfer film attached to the friction surface, effectively reducing the friction coefficient and reducing wear. At the same time, its rust-proof components can prevent metal parts from rusting and corroding. The composite solid lubricant forms a seal at the oil leakage site, thereby ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the reducer in a cold and humid environment and suppressing oil leakage;

[0019] (2) Furthermore, the composite solid lubricant for reducers in cold and humid environments of the present invention can not only be used for lubrication of reducers, but can also be used on other mechanical equipment, and has a wider range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 For: Pictures of composite solid lubricating film and transfer film on the surface of reducer;

[0022] Figure 2Figure 1: Surface damage picture of reducer in control group;

[0023] Figure 3 For: Specific application report of application example 1;

[0024] Figure 4 For: Specific application report of application example 2;

[0025] Figure 5-6 For: Product lubrication performance test report. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1% molybdenum disulfide, 1% hexagonal boron nitride, 0.01% niobium diselenide, 0.07% carbon, 0.07% tin powder, 0.35% tungsten carbide, 1% polybutylene glycol, 1.21% dipentyl dithiocarbamide, 0.05% molybdate, and the balance is polyether to make up 100%.

[0029] The preparation method of the composite solid lubricant for the reducer under the above-mentioned cold and humid environment is as follows:

[0030] (1) putting molybdenum disulfide, hexagonal boron nitride, niobium diselenide, carbon, tin powder, tungsten carbide, polybutylene glycol, diamyl dithiocarbamate and molybdate into a grinder according to the above ratio and grinding them to a particle size of 80 μm to obtain a mixed material;

[0031] (2) The mixed material in step (1) is heated to 150° C., and then the polyether is slowly added, and the mixture is stirred at a high speed of 500-1000 r / min for 120 min to mix well, and then cooled to room temperature to prepare a composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] A composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.7% molybdenum disulfide, 3.4% hexagonal boron nitride, 1.6% niobium diselenide, 1.5% carbon, 0.4% tin powder, 2.5% tungsten carbide, 11% polybutylene glycol, 5% dipentyl dithiocarbamide, 1.59% molybdate, and the balance is polyether to make up 100%.

[0034] The preparation method of the composite solid lubricant for the reducer under the above-mentioned cold and humid environment is as follows:

[0035] (1) putting molybdenum disulfide, hexagonal boron nitride, niobium diselenide, carbon, tin powder, tungsten carbide, polybutylene glycol, diamyl dithiocarbamate and molybdate into a grinder according to the above ratio and grinding them to a particle size of 80 μm to obtain a mixed material;

[0036] (2) The mixed material in step (1) is heated to 160° C., and then the polyether is slowly added, and the mixture is stirred at a high speed of 500-1000 r / min for 80 min to mix well, and then cooled to room temperature to prepare a composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] A composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.0% molybdenum disulfide, 2.2% hexagonal boron nitride, 0.6% niobium diselenide, 0.8% carbon, 0.18% tin powder, 1.17% tungsten carbide, 8.5% polybutylene glycol, 1.8% antioxidant, 0.65% molybdate, and the balance is 100% of base lubricating oil.

[0039] The preparation method of the composite solid lubricant for the reducer under the above-mentioned cold and humid environment is as follows:

[0040] (1) putting molybdenum disulfide, hexagonal boron nitride, niobium diselenide, carbon, tin powder, tungsten carbide, polybutylene glycol, diamyl dithiocarbamate and molybdate into a grinder according to the above ratio and grinding them to a particle size of 80 μm to obtain a mixed material;

[0041] (2) The mixed material in step (1) is heated to 155° C., and then the polyether is slowly added, and the mixture is stirred at a high speed of 500-1000 r / min for 100 min to mix well, and then cooled to room temperature to prepare a composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment.

[0042] Application effect experiment

[0043] The application effect of the composite solid lubricant for reducer in wet environment prepared in the embodiment was tested, and the specific test process is as follows:

[0044] Application Example 1

[0045] In 2008, the Third Port Branch of Rizhao Port Co., Ltd. used the composite solid lubrication solution provided in Example 1 of the present application and the composite solid lubricant for the reducer in a cold and humid environment to solve the lubricating oil leakage problem of the left side lifting reducer of the No. 1 25-ton gantry crane in September 2008. As a result, the oil leakage problem of the lifting reducer was solved from the fifth day, the working noise of the reducer was significantly reduced, and the working temperature of the reducer was about 5°C lower than that of the right reducer of the ordinary control group on average. The lubrication effectiveness of various parts of the reducer was greatly improved, and the composite solid lubricating film and transfer film on the surface of the reducer were clearly visible ( Figure 1 ), while the control group did not form a lubricating film or a transfer film, and the tyre surface was damaged due to poor lubrication performance ( Figure 2 ), while the control group was not formed. As of the equipment overhaul in 2017, no lubricant replacement was carried out during the period, no lubricant leakage occurred, and the test hoist reducer has been operating normally. Application practice has proved that the product has the characteristics of automatic sealing and leak-proofing, shock absorption and anti-wear, and long-term lubrication in all seasons without oil change. For detailed application reports, please see Figure 3 .

[0046] Application Example 2

[0047] The lubrication of the reducer usually adopts the traditional butter application method. Since the screw is exposed to the open air environment for a long time, the butter drips when it encounters high temperature and the butter accumulates on site, which causes great waste. At the same time, the lubrication of the screw fails, which accelerates the excessive wear of the screw and the nut, and greatly reduces the accuracy of the sliding surface. Combined with the harsh environment of the port with strong winds and humidity, it is very easy to cause the sliding surface to get stuck, de-threaded, and twisted, and even make the mechanism unable to operate normally. In response to the above problems, the Third Port Branch of Rizhao Port Co., Ltd. adopts the composite solid lubricant prepared in Example 2 of this application for related applications, in order to extend the effective period of lubrication, save lubricating oil, reduce labor intensity and effectively extend the life of friction parts. As of May 30, 2023, the equipment is operating normally, the lubrication film on the friction surface is fully constructed, the waste caused by excessive lubrication is avoided, the lubricating oil pollution is controlled, and the refueling cycle is extended. For specific application reports, please see Figure 4 .

[0048] At the same time, the composite solid lubricant for reducer under cold and humid environment prepared in Example 3 of the present invention was tested for maximum no-seizure load (PB value) and sintering load (PD value) at the National Lubricating Material Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center. At the same time, the grease for the rotary gear ring bearing of the Landbridge Port gantry crane (a customized special product of Shandong Ward Lubricating Material Co., Ltd.) was used as a control group. The experimental results are as follows: Figure 5-6 shown.

[0049] Result analysis: The composite solid lubricant for reducer in cold and humid environment prepared by the present invention is superior to the grease for the slewing gear ring bearing of Landbridge Port gantry crane in terms of maximum non-seizure load and sintering load, indicating that the product of the present invention has better lubrication performance and can be widely used in various lubrication fields.

[0050] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0051] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in weight percentage: 1% to 3.7% of molybdenum disulfide, 1% to 3.4% of hexagonal boron nitride, 0.01% to 1.6% of niobium diselenide, 0.07% to 1.5% of carbon, 0.07% to 0.4% of tin powder, 0.35% to 2.5% of tungsten carbide, 1% to 11% of polybutylene glycol, 1.21% to 5% of antioxidant, 0.05% to 1.59% of molybdate, and the balance is used to make up 100% of the basic lubricating oil.

2. A composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in weight percentage: 2.0% molybdenum disulfide, 2.2% hexagonal boron nitride, 0.6% niobium diselenide, 0.8% carbon, 0.18% tin powder, 1.17% tungsten carbide, 8.5% polybutylene glycol, 1.8% antioxidant, 0.65% molybdate, and the balance is 100% of the base lubricant.

3. The composite solid lubricant for a speed reducer in a cold and wet environment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The antioxidant is dipentyl dithiocarbamate.

4. The composite solid lubricant for a speed reducer in a cold and wet environment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The base lubricating oil is polyether.

5. A method for preparing a composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) grinding and mixing molybdenum disulfide, hexagonal boron nitride, niobium diselenide, carbon, tin powder, tungsten carbide, polybutylene glycol, an antioxidant and molybdate according to any one of claims 1 to 2 to obtain a mixed material; (2) The mixed material in step (1) is heated to 150-160° C., and then the base lubricating oil is slowly added, stirred and mixed, and cooled to room temperature to prepare a composite solid lubricant for a reducer in a cold and humid environment.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle size of the grinding in step (1) is ≤80 μm.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stirring speed in step (2) is 500-1000 r / min, and the stirring time is 80-120 min.

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