A fiber with rapid moisture conduction, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the fields of material science and textile technology, and relates to a fiber with rapid moisture conduction, a preparation method thereof, and an application. A specific coated and modified functional particle is added to a spinning melt and the content is controlled, and then the spinning melt is spun, and a specific multiple of drawing is performed during the spinning process to obtain the fiber with rapid moisture conduction; the coated and modified functional particle includes a functional particle and an oligomer coated on its surface through a covalent bond; Application: The fiber with rapid moisture conduction is made into a yarn with rapid moisture conduction, or, further, the yarn with rapid moisture conduction is made into a fabric with rapid moisture conduction. The present invention realizes the rapid moisture conduction performance of the fiber by adding the coated and modified functional particle during the spinning process and performing a specific multiple of drawing, and solves the problem of insufficient moisture conduction performance of the fiber in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of materials science and textile technology, and relates to a fiber with rapid moisture conduction, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the textile industry, the moisture conduction performance of fibers is one of the important indicators for evaluating the comfort of fabrics. Most traditional chemical fiber fabrics are obtained by melt spinning, and their surfaces are usually relatively smooth. The wettability and conduction ability of water molecules on their surfaces are poor, which is not conducive to the rapid absorption and discharge of sweat. In order to improve the moisture conduction performance of fibers, researchers have carried out a large number of explorations and practices.

[0003] A common method is to blend natural fibers with chemically synthesized fibers. For example, patent application CN118308830A discloses a processing technology for a quick-drying antibacterial cotton fiber blended fabric, in which cotton fibers doped with thermally expandable microspheres and cotton fibers doped with antibacterial aerogels are blended with polyester fibers, and hydrophilic groups are introduced through plasma treatment to adjust the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the yarn. Patent application CN118345551A discloses a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying fabric, which is woven after blending pure cotton fibers with hollow polyester fibers. This method uses the hydrophilicity of natural fibers to absorb moisture and the hydrophobicity of synthetic fibers to discharge moisture, but the absorption and discharge effects are limited and cannot meet the needs in the case of a large amount of sweating.

[0004] Another method is to adopt a special weaving method to form a special fabric structure. For example, patent application CN118360722A discloses a warp-knitted double-sided plush fabric with moisture-absorbing and quick-drying functions and a preparation method thereof. The fabric consists of 6 layers and is woven from profiled cross-section fiber yarns through the first layer of extension yarn layer and the first layer of coil layer, and an uneven structure is formed between the coil layers to achieve the moisture-absorbing and quick-drying function. Patent application CN118186671A discloses a knitted fabric based on a modified polyamide fiber material and a preparation method thereof. The knitted fabric is obtained by circular knitting a mosquito-repellent modified fiber and a polyurethane fiber according to several groups of circular knitting units, and a honeycomb-like mesh structure is formed on the fabric to achieve rapid sweat absorption and moisture conduction. However, this method has a complex weaving process and often requires a multi-layer structure, which will increase the fabric thickness. For sportswear or summer clothes, the fabric is too heavy, affecting the wearing comfort.

[0005] Another method is to use chemical fiber modification and profiled cross-sections. For example, patent application CN118048708A discloses a moisture-absorbing and quick-drying polyester fiber and fabric. By introducing hydrophilic polyether segments and hydrophobic alkyl segments into the polyester, the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the polyester are adjusted, and then the modified polyester is processed into profiled fibers through melt spinning. Patent application CN118407153A discloses a preparation method of multi-grooved profiled fibers and their fabrics. Using alkali-soluble polyester COPET chips and nylon 6 chips as the skin layer and core layer respectively, profiled bicomponent core-sheath structure nascent fibers are made through melt spinning, and finally, part of the COPET is completely dissolved by the alkali treatment method to obtain profiled multi-grooved nylon fibers. Patent application CN118581593A discloses a highly sweat-absorbing colored spun yarn and its preparation method. Using polyester as the raw material, polyether segments and fluorine-containing segments are introduced into the polyester molecular chain, and the specific surface area of the fiber is increased by generating microcracks at the fluorine-containing segments during the stretching process to achieve moisture absorption and quick drying. Patent application CN118581731A discloses a preparation method and application of a new synthetic fiber. Acrylic staple fibers and organic amines are subjected to a functional grafting reaction, and then the acrylic staple fibers and an acidic solution are subjected to a transformation reaction to obtain a new synthetic fiber. In this method, the modification process is complex and the conditions are harsh, and the effect is limited. Although the moisture conduction ability of profiled cross-section fibers is better than that of ordinary fibers, the conduction direction is mainly along the fiber axis, and the conduction ability in the Z direction in the fabric is poor. Moreover, there is often a phenomenon where the edges and grooves of single fibers in the tow fit each other, affecting the conduction of liquid on the fiber surface.

[0006] In summary, there are still many deficiencies in the prior art in improving the moisture conduction performance of fibers. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a fiber preparation method with excellent moisture conduction performance, simple process and easy control. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a fiber with rapid moisture conduction, its preparation method and application.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction, spinning a spinning melt containing 8-15 wt% of coated modified functional particles, and performing a draw ratio of 5.5-6.5 times during the spinning process to obtain a fiber with rapid moisture conduction;

[0010] The D50 particle size (i.e., median diameter or median particle size) of the coated modified functional particles is 50-900 nm;

[0011] The coated modified functional particles include functional particles and oligomers coated on their surfaces through covalent bonds. The oligomers and the matrix of the spinning melt only have different average degrees of polymerization, and the average degree of polymerization of the oligomers is 20-60.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution:

[0013] For the preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction as described above, the functional particles are silica, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, cuprous oxide or alumina, and the morphology can be spherical and amorphous nanoparticles; the thickness of the oligomer on the surface of the functional particles is 10 - 100 nm.

[0014] For the preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction as described above, the preparation method of the coated and modified functional particles is as follows: first, the functional particles are organically modified with a coupling agent to obtain coupling agent - modified functional particles, and at the same time, an oligomer is prepared, and then the oligomer is mixed with the coupling agent - modified functional particles and reacted.

[0015] For the preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction as described above, the coupling agent is one or more of γ - aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ - (2,3 - epoxypropoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, γ - methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, N - (β - aminoethyl) - γ - aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, n - octyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, isopropyltriisostearoyl titanate, isopropoxy tris (dioctylpyrophosphate acyloxy) titanate, tridecafluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane; the mass of the coupling agent is 3 - 5% of the mass of the functional particles; the organic modification is completed in a high - speed blender with a rotation speed of 2500 - 3000 r / min, a temperature of 80 - 100 °C, and a time of 2 - 3 h.

[0016] For the preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction as described above, the oligomer is a polyester oligomer, the matrix of the spinning melt is polyester, and the preparation steps of the coated and modified functional particles are as follows:

[0017] (a) The functional particles are organically modified with a coupling agent to obtain coupling agent - modified functional particles;

[0018] (b) Add a dibasic acid and a diol to a reaction kettle, stir and heat up to 200 - 230 °C, control the pressure of the reaction system to be 0.2 - 0.3 MPa, react for 3 - 5 h, then add a catalyst, control the reaction system to gradually heat up to 260 - 270 °C, evacuate to a vacuum degree lower than 80 Pa, react for 2 - 3 h, and then cool down to 230 °C to obtain the oligomer;

[0019] (c) Add the coupling agent - modified functional particles to the reaction system in step (b), stir at high speed to make them fully mixed, keep the temperature for reaction for 0.5 - 1 h, continuously evacuate, discharge, cool, pre - pulverize, and then carry out air - flow pulverization to obtain the coated and modified functional particles;

[0020] The dibasic acid is terephthalic acid; the diol is one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and butanediol; the catalyst is antimony glycolate or tetrabutyl titanate.

[0021] For the preparation method of a fiber with fast moisture conduction as described above, the molar ratio of the dibasic acid to the diol is 1:0.9 - 0.95; the mass of the catalyst is 0.01 - 0.1% of the mass of the dibasic acid; the mass ratio of the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the oligomer is 5 - 8:1.

[0022] For the preparation method of a fiber with fast moisture conduction as described above, the oligomer is a polyamide oligomer, the matrix of the spinning melt is polyamide, and the preparation steps of the coated modified functional particles are as follows:

[0023] (Ⅰ) The functional particles are organically modified with a coupling agent to obtain the coupling agent-modified functional particles;

[0024] (Ⅱ) Add the dibasic acid, diamine and deionized water into the reaction kettle. After replacing the air in the reaction kettle with nitrogen or inert gas (that is, introducing nitrogen or inert gas with a pressure of 0.3 - 0.6 MPa into the reaction kettle, opening the exhaust valve to discharge, and repeating 3 times), react at 250 °C and 1.3 - 1.8 MPa for 3 h, then reduce the pressure to 0.1 MPa, add the catalyst, raise the temperature to 260 °C, and turn on the vacuum pump to keep the vacuum degree lower than 80 Pa, react for 2 - 3 h, then fill with nitrogen or inert gas to raise the pressure to 0.1 MPa, and cool down to 220 °C to obtain the oligomer;

[0025] (Ⅲ) Add the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the reaction system in step (Ⅱ), stir at high speed to make them fully mixed, keep the temperature for reaction for 0.5 - 1 h, continuously evacuate, discharge, cool, pre-crush, and air-crush to obtain the coated modified functional particles;

[0026] The dibasic acid is one or more of succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid; the diamine is one or more of pentamethylenediamine and ethylenediamine; the catalyst is tetrabutyl titanate.

[0027] For the preparation method of a fiber with fast moisture conduction as described above, the molar ratio of the dibasic acid to the diamine is 1:0.9 - 0.95; the molar ratio of deionized water to the dibasic acid is 0.3 - 0.4:1; the mass of the catalyst is 0.05 - 0.1% of the mass of the dibasic acid; the mass ratio of the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the oligomer is 5 - 8:1.

[0028] For the preparation method of a fiber with fast moisture conduction as described above, the preparation process of the spinning melt is as follows: first, melt-blend resin A with the coated modified functional particles to obtain a masterbatch with a concentration of 50 - 65 wt%, and then melt-blend the masterbatch with resin B to obtain the spinning melt, where resin A and resin B are the same substance.

[0029] A method for preparing a fiber with rapid moisture conduction as described above, in which the drawing is carried out by four pairs of drawing rollers; the temperature of the first pair of drawing rollers is 100-120 °C, the temperature of the second pair of drawing rollers is 130-150 °C, the temperature of the third pair of drawing rollers is 180-200 °C, and the temperature of the fourth pair of drawing rollers is 200-240 °C; the spinning speed of the first pair of drawing rollers is 400-500 m / min, the spinning speed of the second pair of drawing rollers is 1200-1500 m / min, the spinning speed of the third pair of drawing rollers is 2400-2600 m / min, and the spinning speed of the fourth pair of drawing rollers is 2600-2800 m / min.

[0030] A method for preparing a fiber with rapid moisture conduction as described above, in which the spinning is directly carried out according to the FDY process, or the spinning is first carried out according to the POY process to obtain POY yarn, then the POY yarn is subjected to alkali etching treatment, and then the drawn POY yarn after alkali etching treatment is drawn. The alkali etching treatment is to soak the POY yarn in an aqueous NaOH solution with a temperature of 90-95 °C and a concentration of 120-170 g / L for 1-2 min, then wash it with hot water at 60 °C and dry it at 120 °C. The alkali etching treatment can remove part of the resin (i.e., polyester or polyamide) on the fiber surface, making the coated modified functional particles more prominent on the fiber surface, thereby further enhancing the moisture conduction performance of the fiber.

[0031] The present invention also provides a fiber with rapid moisture conduction prepared by using the method for preparing a fiber with rapid moisture conduction as described in any one of the above. The single fiber has a convex rough surface, and there is 1 convex every 0.5-2 μm, and the specification is 20-300 D / 24-576 F.

[0032] The present invention also provides a yarn with rapid moisture conduction, which is spun from the fiber with rapid moisture conduction as described above.

[0033] The present invention also provides a fabric with rapid moisture conduction, which is woven from the yarn with rapid moisture conduction as described above.

[0034] As a preferred technical solution:

[0035] For the fabric with rapid moisture conduction as described above, the fabric with rapid moisture conduction is a knitted fabric, the number of needles of the circular knitting machine is 40G, and the gram weight is 150-300 g / m 2 ; or, the fabric with rapid moisture conduction is a woven plain fabric, the warp density is 120-130 ends / 10 cm, the weft density is 130-150 ends / 10 cm, and the gram weight is 40-300 g / m 2 ; or, the fabric with rapid moisture conduction is a woven twill fabric, the warp density is 120-190 ends / 10 cm, the weft density is 140-150 ends / 10 cm, and the gram weight is 60-300 g / m 2; The water absorption rate of the fabric with rapid moisture conduction is ≥152%, the water droplet diffusion time is ≤1.9 s, the wicking height is ≥112 mm, and the drying rate is ≥0.45 g / h, which is obtained by testing according to the reference standard GB / T 21655.1-2023.

[0036] Principle of the invention:

[0037] Through a specific preparation process, the present invention forms a large number of raised rough structures on the fiber surface, similar to a large number of dot arrays distributed on the fiber surface. A large number of micro-channels are formed between the dot arrays. These structures can significantly enhance the capillary action on the fiber surface, thereby achieving rapid liquid conduction.

[0038] First, a certain content (8-15 wt%) and specific particle size (D50 particle size is 50-900 nm) of coated and modified functional particles are added to the spinning melt to ensure the packing density of inorganic particles in the fiber, and at the same time avoid the decrease of the matrix strength of the spinning melt due to too high content, which in turn affects the spinnability of the fiber. The coated and modified functional particles are composed of functional particles and oligomers coated on their surfaces through covalent bonds. Among them, the functional particles can endow the fiber with specific functionality (such as anti-permeation, anti-ultraviolet, antibacterial, etc.), while the oligomers only have a different average degree of polymerization from the matrix of the spinning melt, ensuring good compatibility between the coated and modified functional particles and the spinning melt.

[0039] If the addition amount of the coated and modified functional particles is too high, the spinnability of the fiber will decrease, making the fiber prone to breakage during subsequent drawing processing. If the addition amount of the coated and modified functional particles is too low, the distribution amount of the coated and modified functional particles on the fiber surface will be relatively insufficient, affecting the formation of protrusions on the fiber surface and resulting in weakened functionality of the fiber.

[0040] The D50 particle size of the coated and modified functional particles is controlled within the range of 50-900 nm to ensure the uniform distribution of the particles in the fiber. If the particle size of the coated and modified functional particles is too large, it will affect the spinnability of the fiber, resulting in the fiber being prone to breakage during subsequent drawing processing. If the particle size of the coated and modified functional particles is too small, the roughness formed on the fiber surface is low, which will lead to the weakening of the capillary effect on the fiber surface, and then affect the moisture conduction ability of the fiber.

[0041] Secondly, high-magnitude drawing (5.5-6.5 times) is carried out during the spinning process of the present invention. This not only thins the fiber, but also causes the coated and modified functional particles to be squeezed against each other and exposed on the fiber surface during the fiber drawing process, forming a large number of raised structures. These raised structures are similar to dot arrays, and a large number of micro-channels (i.e., grooves) are formed between them. These channels promote the rapid conduction of liquid on the fiber surface through capillary action. This conduction effect is not limited to the axial direction of the fiber, but can also occur in the radial direction of the fiber (such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, it realizes the all-round and rapid conduction of liquid on the fiber surface. If the drawing is excessive, although the surface roughness of the fiber can be further improved, it will also lead to an increase in the wire breakage rate and cannot be processed. If the drawing is insufficient, the degree of fiber refinement is insufficient, the formation of the convex structure is insufficient, and the number and size of the micro-channels will be reduced, which will limit the rapid conduction of liquid on the fiber surface and weaken the moisture conduction performance of the fiber.

[0042] The fast moisture-conducting fiber in the present invention can be a common circular cross-section fiber or a profiled cross-section fiber. For the yarn spun from these fibers, due to the mutual support of the convex surface structures between the single filaments, a large number of capillary-like channels are formed (as shown in the figure). Figure 2 These channels not only promote the conduction of liquid in the yarn, but also make the fabric made of the yarn conduct liquid in a circular and radial manner in the X, Y, and Z directions, greatly improving the conduction efficiency and spreading area.

[0043] Beneficial effects:

[0044] (1) By adding specific coated and modified functional particles to the spinning melt and controlling the content, and performing drawing at a specific multiple, a large number of convex rough surface structures are formed on the fiber surface, similar to a dot array, and grooves are formed between the protrusions. The capillary action is used to promote the rapid conduction and spreading of liquid on the surface of a single fiber, improving the moisture conduction performance of the fiber.

[0045] (2) For the yarn, due to the mutual support of the convex surface structures of the single filaments to form a large number of capillary-like channels, the fabric made of the yarn of the present invention can conduct liquid in a circular and radial manner in the X, Y, and Z directions, improving the conduction efficiency and spreading area, and having a good quick-drying effect on volatile liquids such as moisture and sweat.

[0046] (3) Compared with the prior art, the present invention avoids the problems of limited absorption and drainage effects of the blended natural fiber and chemical synthetic fiber, complex process of special weaving methods, increased fabric thickness affecting wearing comfort, and complex and harsh conditions and limited effects in the modification process of chemical fibers. At the same time, the process is simple and easy to control. Description of the drawings

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the convex structure and micro-channels on the fiber surface;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the capillary-like channels inside the yarn. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0050] The following are the test methods for relevant performance indicators in each example and comparative example:

[0051] Average degree of polymerization: Tested by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).

[0052] Water absorption rate: Tested according to the water absorption rate detection method in 8.1 of GB / T 21655.1-2023.

[0053] Water droplet diffusion time: Tested according to the water droplet diffusion time in 8.2 of GB / T 21655.1-2023.

[0054] Drying rate: Tested according to the drying rate in 8.3 of GB / T 21655.1-2023.

[0055] Wicking height: Tested according to the wicking height in 8.4 of GB / T 21655.1-2023.

[0056] Example A1

[0057] A preparation method of a fabric with rapid moisture conduction, the specific steps are as follows:

[0058] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0059] Coupling agent: γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane;

[0060] Functional particles: silica;

[0061] Dicarboxylic acid: terephthalic acid;

[0062] Diol: ethylene glycol;

[0063] Catalyst: antimony glycolate;

[0064] Resin A, Resin B: Both are PET with an average degree of polymerization of 600;

[0065] NaOH aqueous solution: temperature is 90°C, concentration is 130 g / L;

[0066] (2) Preparation of coated and modified functional particles;

[0067] (2.1) In a high-speed blender, under the conditions of a rotational speed of 3000 r / min and a temperature of 80 °C, the functional particles were organically modified with a coupling agent for 2.5 h to obtain coupling agent-modified functional particles; among them, the mass of the coupling agent was 5% of the mass of the functional particles.

[0068] (2.2) Add dibasic acid and diol into a reaction kettle, stir and heat up to 200 °C, control the pressure of the reaction system to be 0.2 MPa, add a catalyst after reacting for 3.5 h, control the reaction system to gradually heat up to 265 °C, evacuate to 63 Pa, and cool down to 230 °C after reacting for 2.5 h to obtain a polyester oligomer with an average degree of polymerization of 48; among them, the molar ratio of dibasic acid to diol is 1:0.9; the mass of the catalyst is 0.04% of the mass of the dibasic acid.

[0069] (2.3) Add the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the reaction system in step (2.2), stir to make them fully mixed, keep the temperature for reaction for 0.8 h, continuously evacuate, discharge, cool, pre-crush, and air-crush to obtain coated and modified functional particles; among them, the mass ratio of the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the polyester oligomer is 6:1.

[0070] The obtained coated and modified functional particles are composed of functional particles and polyester oligomers coated on their surfaces, and the functional particles and polyester oligomers are covalently bonded through a coupling agent; the D50 particle size of the coated and modified functional particles is 200 nm, and the thickness of the polyester oligomer on the surface of the functional particles is 80 nm.

[0071] (3) Prepare a spinning melt.

[0072] First, melt-blend resin A with the coated and modified functional particles to obtain a masterbatch with a concentration of 65 wt%, and then melt-blend the masterbatch with resin B to obtain a spinning melt.

[0073] In the spinning melt, the content of the coated and modified functional particles is 8 wt%.

[0074] (4) Prepare fibers with rapid moisture conduction.

[0075] First, spin the spinning melt according to the POY process to obtain POY filaments, then soak the POY filaments in an aqueous NaOH solution for 1.5 min, wash, dry, and then draw the POY filaments with four pairs of draw rolls to obtain fibers with rapid moisture conduction.

[0076] Among them, the temperature of the first pair of drafting rollers is 100 °C, the temperature of the second pair of drafting rollers is 130 °C, the temperature of the third pair of drafting rollers is 180 °C, and the temperature of the fourth pair of drafting rollers is 200 °C; the spinning speed of the first pair of drafting rollers is 400 m / min, the spinning speed of the second pair of drafting rollers is 1200 m / min, the spinning speed of the third pair of drafting rollers is 2400 m / min, and the spinning speed of the fourth pair of drafting rollers is 2600 m / min;

[0077] The specifications of the prepared fast moisture-conducting fibers are 20D / 24F; the single filaments of the fast moisture-conducting fibers have a convex rough surface, with 1 convex every 0.5 - 2 μm, and the average distance between adjacent convexes is 1.6 μm;

[0078] (5)Prepare a fast moisture-conducting fabric;

[0079] First, spin the fast moisture-conducting fibers to obtain fast moisture-conducting yarns, and then weave the fast moisture-conducting yarns into fast moisture-conducting fabrics.

[0080] The finally prepared fast moisture-conducting fabric is a woven plain fabric, with a warp density of 120 per 10 cm, a weft density of 130 per 10 cm, and a gram weight of 40 g / m 2 ; the water absorption rate of the fast moisture-conducting fabric is 172%, the water droplet diffusion time is 1.3 s, the wicking height is 123 mm, and the drying rate is 0.58 g / h.

[0081] Comparative Example 1

[0082] A method for preparing a fabric is basically the same as that of Example A1, except that: in the spun melt prepared in step (3), the content of the coated and modified functional particles is 6 wt%.

[0083] The water absorption rate of the finally prepared fabric is 94%, the water droplet diffusion time is 3.6 s, the wicking height is 83 mm, and the drying rate is 0.24 g / h.

[0084] Compared with Example A1, the moisture-conducting performance of the fabric in Comparative Example 1 decreased significantly. This is because the addition amount of the coated and modified functional particles in the spun melt of Comparative Example 1 was too low, and the distribution amount of the coated and modified functional particles on the fiber surface was relatively insufficient, which affected the formation of the protrusions on the fiber surface, weakened the capillary effect on the fiber surface, and thus affected the moisture-conducting ability of the fiber.

[0085] Comparative Example 2

[0086] A method for preparing a fabric is basically the same as that of Example A1, except that: in step (2.3), adjust the process parameters of pre-crushing and air-flow crushing to make the D50 particle size of the coated and modified functional particles 40 nm.

[0087] The water absorption rate of the finally obtained fabric is 82%, the water droplet diffusion time is 4.5 s, the wicking height is 87 mm, and the drying rate is 0.21 g / h.

[0088] Compared with Example A1, the moisture conduction performance of the fabric in Comparative Example 2 decreased significantly. This is because the particle size of the coated and modified functional particles in Comparative Example 2 was too small, making it difficult for the particles to be extruded from the resin during the drawing process, and it was impossible to form an obvious convex structure on the fiber surface. The surface roughness of the fiber was low, resulting in a weakened capillary effect on the fiber surface, thereby affecting the moisture conduction ability of the fiber.

[0089] Comparative Example 3

[0090] A method for preparing a fabric is basically the same as that of Example A1, except that: in step (4), the spinning speed of the first pair of drawing rollers is 400 m / min, the spinning speed of the second pair of drawing rollers is 800 m / min, the spinning speed of the third pair of drawing rollers is 1500 m / min, and the spinning speed of the fourth pair of drawing rollers is 1800 m / min.

[0091] The water absorption rate of the finally obtained fabric is 88%, the water droplet diffusion time is 3.5 s, the wicking height is 90 mm, and the drying rate is 0.26 g / h.

[0092] Compared with Example A1, the moisture conduction performance of the fabric in Comparative Example 3 decreased significantly. This is because the drawing in Comparative Example 3 was insufficient, the degree of fiber refinement was not enough, the formation of the convex structure was insufficient, and the number and size of the micro-channels would both decrease, which would limit the rapid conduction of liquid on the fiber surface and weaken the moisture conduction performance of the fiber.

[0093] Example A2

[0094] A method for preparing a fabric with rapid moisture conduction is basically the same as that of Example A1, except that: the specific process of step (4) is: directly spinning the spinning melt according to the FDY process and performing drawing with four pairs of drawing rollers during the spinning process (the relevant process parameters are the same as those of Example A1) to obtain fibers with rapid moisture conduction.

[0095] The water absorption rate of the finally obtained fabric with rapid moisture conduction is 154%, the water droplet diffusion time is 1.9 s, the wicking height is 112 mm, and the drying rate is 0.45 g / h.

[0096] Compared with Example A2, the moisture conduction performance of the fabric with rapid moisture conduction in Example A1 is more excellent. This is because the alkali etching treatment can remove part of the resin (i.e., polyester) on the fiber surface, making the coated and modified functional particles more prominent on the fiber surface and forming a more dense moisture conduction channel, thereby further enhancing the moisture conduction performance of the fiber.

[0097] Example A3

[0098] A preparation method of a fabric with rapid moisture conduction, the specific steps are as follows:

[0099] (1)Preparation of raw materials;

[0100] Coupling agent: γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane;

[0101] Functional particles: titanium dioxide;

[0102] Dicarboxylic acid: terephthalic acid;

[0103] Diol: propylene glycol;

[0104] Catalyst: antimony glycolate;

[0105] Resin A and Resin B: both are PET with an average degree of polymerization of 720;

[0106] NaOH aqueous solution: temperature is 95°C, concentration is 100 g / L;

[0107] (2)Preparation of coated and modified functional particles;

[0108] (2.1)In a high-speed blender, under the conditions of a rotation speed of 2800 r / min and a temperature of 100°C, the functional particles are organically modified with the coupling agent for 2.8 h to obtain coupling agent-modified functional particles; among them, the mass of the coupling agent is 3% of the mass of the functional particles;

[0109] (2.2)Add the dicarboxylic acid and diol into the reaction kettle, stir and heat up to 210°C, control the pressure of the reaction system to be 0.23 MPa, after reacting for 3 h, add the catalyst, control the reaction system to gradually heat up to 268°C, evacuate to 68 Pa, and after reacting for 2 h, cool down to 230°C to obtain a polyester oligomer with an average degree of polymerization of 40; among them, the molar ratio of the dicarboxylic acid to the diol is 1:0.9; the mass of the catalyst is 0.01% of the mass of the dicarboxylic acid;

[0110] (2.3)Add the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the reaction system in step (2.2), stir to make them fully mixed, keep the temperature for reaction for 1 h, continuously evacuate, discharge, cool, pre-crush, and air-crush to obtain coated and modified functional particles; among them, the mass ratio of the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the polyester oligomer is 8:1;

[0111] The prepared coated and modified functional particles are composed of functional particles and polyester oligomers coated on their surfaces, and the functional particles and polyester oligomers are covalently bonded through the coupling agent; the D50 particle size of the coated and modified functional particles is 900 nm, and the thickness of the polyester oligomer on the surface of the functional particles is 10 nm;

[0112] (3)Preparation of spinning melt;

[0113] First, melt-blend resin A with coated and modified functional particles to obtain a masterbatch with a concentration of 50 wt%, and then melt-blend the masterbatch with resin B to obtain a spinning melt;

[0114] In the spinning melt, the content of the coated and modified functional particles is 15 wt%;

[0115] (4)Prepare fibers with rapid moisture conduction;

[0116] First, spin the spinning melt according to the POY process to obtain POY yarns. Then, soak the POY yarns in an aqueous NaOH solution for 2 minutes, wash, dry, and then draw the POY yarns using four pairs of drawing rollers to obtain fibers with rapid moisture conduction;

[0117] Among them, the temperature of the first pair of drawing rollers is 120 °C, the temperature of the second pair of drawing rollers is 150 °C, the temperature of the third pair of drawing rollers is 200 °C, and the temperature of the fourth pair of drawing rollers is 240 °C; the spinning speed of the first pair of drawing rollers is 430 m / min, the spinning speed of the second pair of drawing rollers is 1300 m / min, the spinning speed of the third pair of drawing rollers is 2500 m / min, and the spinning speed of the fourth pair of drawing rollers is 2800 m / min;

[0118] The prepared fibers with rapid moisture conduction have a specification of 75D / 36F; the single filaments of the fibers with rapid moisture conduction have a convex and rough surface, with 1 convex every 0.5 - 2 μm, and the average distance between adjacent convexes is 0.6 μm;

[0119] (5)Prepare fabrics with rapid moisture conduction;

[0120] First, spin the fibers with rapid moisture conduction to obtain yarns with rapid moisture conduction, and then weave the yarns with rapid moisture conduction into fabrics with rapid moisture conduction.

[0121] The finally prepared fabric with rapid moisture conduction is a woven twill fabric, with a warp density of 120 ends / 10 cm, a weft density of 140 picks / 10 cm, and a weight per unit area of 60 g / m 2 ; the water absorption rate of the fabric with rapid moisture conduction is 163%, the water droplet diffusion time is 1.6 s, the wicking height is 117 mm, and the drying rate is 0.49 g / h.

[0122] Example A4

[0123] A method for preparing a fabric with rapid moisture conduction, the specific steps are as follows:

[0124] (1)Preparation of raw materials;

[0125] Coupling agent: N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxy (ethoxy) silane;

[0126] Functional particles: zinc oxide;

[0127] Dicarboxylic acid: terephthalic acid;

[0128] Diol: a mixture of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol with a molar ratio of 1:1;

[0129] Catalyst: tetrabutyl titanate;

[0130] Resin A, Resin B: both are PET with an average degree of polymerization of 600;

[0131] NaOH aqueous solution: temperature is 93 °C, concentration is 120 g / L;

[0132] (2) Preparation of coated and modified functional particles;

[0133] (2.1) In a high-speed blender, under the conditions of a rotation speed of 3000 r / min and a temperature of 100 °C, the functional particles are organically modified with a coupling agent for 2 h to obtain coupling agent-modified functional particles; among them, the mass of the coupling agent is 3.5% of the mass of the functional particles;

[0134] (2.2) Add the dicarboxylic acid and diol to the reaction kettle, stir and heat up to 230 °C, control the pressure of the reaction system to be 0.3 MPa, after reacting for 5 h, add the catalyst, control the reaction system to gradually heat up to 270 °C, evacuate to 60 Pa, and after reacting for 3 h, cool down to 230 °C to obtain a polyester oligomer with an average degree of polymerization of 53; among them, the molar ratio of the dicarboxylic acid to the diol is 1:0.92; the mass of the catalyst is 0.1% of the mass of the dicarboxylic acid;

[0135] (2.3) Add the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the reaction system in step (2.2), stir to make them fully mixed, keep the temperature for reaction for 1 h, continuously evacuate, discharge, cool, pre-crush, and air-crush to obtain coated and modified functional particles; among them, the mass ratio of the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the polyester oligomer is 7:1;

[0136] The obtained coated and modified functional particles are composed of functional particles and a polyester oligomer coated on their surfaces, and the functional particles and the polyester oligomer are covalently bonded through a coupling agent; the D50 particle size of the coated and modified functional particles is 400 nm, and the thickness of the polyester oligomer on the surface of the functional particles is 30 nm;

[0137] (3) Preparation of spinning melt;

[0138] First, melt-blend Resin A with the coated and modified functional particles to obtain a masterbatch with a concentration of 60 wt%, and then melt-blend the masterbatch with Resin B to obtain a spinning melt;

[0139] In the spinning melt, the content of the coated and modified functional particles is 10 wt%;

[0140] (4) Preparation of fibers with rapid moisture conduction;

[0141] First, spin the spinning melt according to the POY process to obtain POY filaments. Then, soak the POY filaments in an aqueous NaOH solution for 1.5 minutes, wash, dry, and then draw the POY filaments using four pairs of draw rolls to obtain fibers with rapid moisture conduction;

[0142] Among them, the temperature of the first pair of draw rolls is 105 °C, the temperature of the second pair of draw rolls is 135 °C, the temperature of the third pair of draw rolls is 190 °C, and the temperature of the fourth pair of draw rolls is 220 °C; the spinning speed of the first pair of draw rolls is 450 m / min, the spinning speed of the second pair of draw rolls is 1200 m / min, the spinning speed of the third pair of draw rolls is 2400 m / min, and the spinning speed of the fourth pair of draw rolls is 2650 m / min;

[0143] The prepared fibers with rapid moisture conduction have a specification of 300D / 576F; the single filaments of the fibers with rapid moisture conduction have a convex and rough surface, with 1 convex every 0.5 - 2 μm, and the average distance between adjacent convexes is 1 μm;

[0144] (5) Preparation of fabrics with rapid moisture conduction;

[0145] First, spin the fibers with rapid moisture conduction to obtain yarns with rapid moisture conduction, and then weave the yarns with rapid moisture conduction into fabrics with rapid moisture conduction.

[0146] The finally prepared fabric with rapid moisture conduction is a woven twill fabric, with a warp density of 190 threads / 10 cm, a weft density of 150 threads / 10 cm, and a gram weight of 300 g / m 2 ; the water absorption rate of the fabric with rapid moisture conduction is 178%, the water droplet diffusion time is 1 s, the wicking height is 125 mm, and the drying rate is 0.63 g / h.

[0147] Example A5

[0148] A method for preparing a fabric with rapid moisture conduction, the specific steps are as follows:

[0149] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0150] Coupling agent: isopropyl triisostearoyl titanate;

[0151] Functional particles: cuprous oxide;

[0152] Dicarboxylic acid: terephthalic acid;

[0153] Diol: butanediol;

[0154] Catalyst: tetrabutyl titanate;

[0155] Resin A and Resin B: Both are PET with an average degree of polymerization of 720;

[0156] NaOH aqueous solution: The temperature is 95 °C and the concentration is 150 g / L;

[0157] (2) Prepare coated and modified functional particles;

[0158] (2.1) In a high-speed blender, under the conditions of a rotation speed of 2500 r / min and a temperature of 90 °C, the functional particles are organically modified with a coupling agent for 3 h to obtain coupling agent-modified functional particles; among them, the mass of the coupling agent is 4.5% of the mass of the functional particles;

[0159] (2.2) Add dibasic acid and diol to the reaction kettle, stir and heat up to 200 °C, control the pressure of the reaction system to be 0.28 MPa, add a catalyst after reacting for 4 h, control the reaction system to gradually heat up to 260 °C, evacuate to 72 Pa, and cool down to 230 °C after reacting for 2.5 h to obtain a polyester oligomer with an average degree of polymerization of 60; among them, the molar ratio of dibasic acid to diol is 1:0.95; the mass of the catalyst is 0.08% of the mass of dibasic acid;

[0160] (2.3) Add the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the reaction system in step (2.2), stir to make them fully mixed, keep the temperature for reaction for 0.5 h, continuously evacuate, discharge, cool, pre-crush, and air-flow crush to obtain coated and modified functional particles; among them, the mass ratio of the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the polyester oligomer is 5:1;

[0161] The obtained coated and modified functional particles are composed of functional particles and a polyester oligomer coated on their surfaces, and the functional particles and the polyester oligomer are covalently bonded through a coupling agent; the D50 particle size of the coated and modified functional particles is 50 nm, and the thickness of the polyester oligomer on the surface of the functional particles is 100 nm;

[0162] (3) Prepare a spinning melt;

[0163] First, melt-blend Resin A with the coated and modified functional particles to obtain a masterbatch with a concentration of 65 wt%, and then melt-blend the masterbatch with Resin B to obtain a spinning melt;

[0164] In the spinning melt, the content of the coated and modified functional particles is 8 wt%;

[0165] (4) Prepare fibers with rapid moisture conduction;

[0166] First, spin the spinning melt according to the POY process to obtain POY yarns, then soak the POY yarns in the NaOH aqueous solution for 1 min, wash, dry, and then draw the POY yarns with four pairs of draw rolls to obtain fibers with rapid moisture conduction;

[0167] Among them, the temperature of the first pair of drafting rollers is 110 °C, the temperature of the second pair of drafting rollers is 145 °C, the temperature of the third pair of drafting rollers is 195 °C, and the temperature of the fourth pair of drafting rollers is 235 °C; the spinning speed of the first pair of drafting rollers is 500 m / min, the spinning speed of the second pair of drafting rollers is 1500 m / min, the spinning speed of the third pair of drafting rollers is 2600 m / min, and the spinning speed of the fourth pair of drafting rollers is 2800 m / min;

[0168] The prepared fiber with rapid moisture conduction has a specification of 150D / 72F; the single filament of the fiber with rapid moisture conduction has a convex rough surface, with 1 convex every 0.5 - 2 μm, and the average distance between adjacent convexes is 1.8 μm;

[0169] (5)Prepare a fabric with rapid moisture conduction;

[0170] First, spin the fiber with rapid moisture conduction to obtain a yarn with rapid moisture conduction, and then weave the yarn with rapid moisture conduction into a fabric with rapid moisture conduction.

[0171] The finally prepared fabric with rapid moisture conduction is a knitted fabric, with a circular knitting machine needle count of 40G and a gram weight of 200 g / m 2 ; the water absorption rate of the fabric with rapid moisture conduction is 161%, the water droplet diffusion time is 1.4 s, the wicking height is 118 mm, and the drying rate is 0.52 g / h.

[0172] Example B1

[0173] A preparation method of a fabric with rapid moisture conduction, the specific steps are as follows:

[0174] (1)Preparation of raw materials;

[0175] Coupling agent: γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane;

[0176] Functional particles: titanium dioxide;

[0177] Dicarboxylic acid: succinic acid;

[0178] Diamine: a mixture of pentanediamine and ethylenediamine with a molar ratio of 1:1;

[0179] Deionized water;

[0180] Catalyst: tetrabutyl titanate;

[0181] Resin A, Resin B: both are polyamides with an average degree of polymerization of 200;

[0182] NaOH aqueous solution: temperature is 90 °C, concentration is 150 g / L;

[0183] (2)Prepare coated and modified functional particles;

[0184] (2.1) In a high-speed mixer, under the conditions of a rotation speed of 3000 r / min and a temperature of 80 °C, the functional particles were organically modified with a coupling agent for 2.5 h to obtain coupling agent-modified functional particles; among them, the mass of the coupling agent was 5% of the mass of the functional particles;

[0185] (2.2) Add dibasic acid, diamine, and deionized water to the reaction kettle. After replacing the air in the reaction kettle with nitrogen or inert gas (that is, introducing 0.5 MPa of nitrogen or inert gas into the reaction kettle, opening the exhaust valve to discharge, and repeating 3 times), react at 250 °C and 1.5 MPa for 3 h, then reduce the pressure to 0.1 MPa, add a catalyst, raise the temperature to 260 °C, and turn on the vacuum pump to maintain the vacuum degree at 68 Pa and react for 2 h. Then raise the pressure to 0.1 MPa and cool down to 220 °C to obtain a polyamide oligomer with an average degree of polymerization of 20; among them, the molar ratio of dibasic acid to diamine is 1:0.9, the molar ratio of deionized water to dibasic acid is 0.3:1, and the mass of the catalyst is 0.08% of the mass of dibasic acid;

[0186] (2.3) Add the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the reaction system in step (2.2), stir to mix them evenly, keep the temperature for reaction for 0.5 h, continuously evacuate, discharge, cool, pre-crush, and air-flow crush to obtain coated and modified functional particles; among them, the mass ratio of the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the polyester oligomer is 5:1;

[0187] The obtained coated and modified functional particles are composed of functional particles and polyamide oligomers coated on their surfaces. The functional particles and polyamide oligomers are covalently bonded through a coupling agent; the D50 particle size of the coated and modified functional particles is 900 nm, and the thickness of the polyamide oligomer on the surface of the functional particles is 30 nm;

[0188] (3) Prepare a spinning melt;

[0189] First, melt-blend resin A with the coated and modified functional particles to obtain a masterbatch with a concentration of 50 wt%, and then melt-blend the masterbatch with resin B to obtain a spinning melt;

[0190] In the spinning melt, the content of the coated and modified functional particles is 8 wt%;

[0191] (4) Prepare fibers with rapid moisture conduction;

[0192] First, spin the spinning melt according to the POY process to obtain POY filaments. Then soak the POY filaments in an aqueous NaOH solution for 2 min, wash, dry, and then draw the POY filaments with four pairs of draw rolls to obtain fibers with rapid moisture conduction;

[0193] Among them, the temperature of the first pair of drafting rollers is 120 °C, the temperature of the second pair of drafting rollers is 150 °C, the temperature of the third pair of drafting rollers is 200 °C, and the temperature of the fourth pair of drafting rollers is 240 °C; the spinning speed of the first pair of drafting rollers is 430 m / min, the spinning speed of the second pair of drafting rollers is 1250 m / min, the spinning speed of the third pair of drafting rollers is 2600 m / min, and the spinning speed of the fourth pair of drafting rollers is 2800 m / min;

[0194] The prepared fast moisture-conducting fiber has a specification of 300D / 576F; the monofilament of the fast moisture-conducting fiber has a convex and rough surface, with 1 convex every 0.5 - 2 μm, and the average distance between adjacent convexes is 0.6 μm;

[0195] (5)Prepare a fast moisture-conducting fabric;

[0196] First, spin the fast moisture-conducting fiber to obtain a fast moisture-conducting yarn, and then weave the fast moisture-conducting yarn into a fast moisture-conducting fabric.

[0197] The finally prepared fast moisture-conducting fabric is a woven plain fabric, with a warp density of 130 ends / 10 cm, a weft density of 150 ends / 10 cm, and a gram weight of 300 g / m 2 ; the water absorption rate of the fast moisture-conducting fabric is 180%, the water droplet diffusion time is 1 s, the wicking height is 129 mm, and the drying rate is 0.68 g / h.

[0198] Example B2

[0199] A preparation method of a fast moisture-conducting fabric is basically the same as that of Example B1, except that: the specific process of step (4) is: directly spin the spinning melt according to the FDY process, and use four pairs of drafting rollers for drafting during the spinning process (the relevant process parameters are the same as those in Example B1) to obtain a fast moisture-conducting fiber.

[0200] The finally prepared fast moisture-conducting fabric has a water absorption rate of 152%, a water droplet diffusion time of 1.8 s, a wicking height of 112 mm, and a drying rate of 0.46 g / h.

[0201] Compared with Example B2, the moisture-conducting performance of the fast moisture-conducting fabric in Example B1 is more excellent. This is because the alkali etching treatment can remove part of the resin (i.e., polyamide) on the fiber surface, making the coated and modified functional particles more prominent on the fiber surface, forming a denser moisture-conducting channel, thereby further enhancing the moisture-conducting performance of the fiber.

[0202] Example B3

[0203] A preparation method of a fast moisture-conducting fabric is as follows:

[0204] (1)Preparation of raw materials;

[0205] Coupling agent: γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane;

[0206] Functional particles: cuprous oxide;

[0207] Dicarboxylic acid: adipic acid;

[0208] Diamine: pentanediamine;

[0209] Deionized water;

[0210] Catalyst: tetrabutyl titanate;

[0211] Resin A and Resin B: both are polyamides with an average degree of polymerization of 150;

[0212] NaOH aqueous solution: temperature is 95 °C, concentration is 120 g / L;

[0213] (2) Prepare coated and modified functional particles;

[0214] (2.1) In a high-speed mixer, under the conditions of a rotation speed of 2800 r / min and a temperature of 100 °C, the functional particles are organically modified with the coupling agent for 2.8 h to obtain coupling agent-modified functional particles; among them, the mass of the coupling agent is 3% of the mass of the functional particles;

[0215] (2.2) Add the dicarboxylic acid, diamine, and deionized water to the reaction kettle. After replacing the air in the reaction kettle with nitrogen or inert gas (that is, introducing nitrogen or inert gas at 0.3 MPa into the reaction kettle, opening the exhaust valve to discharge, and repeating 3 times), react at 250 °C and 1.3 MPa for 3 h, then reduce the pressure to 0.1 MPa, add the catalyst, raise the temperature to 260 °C, and turn on the vacuum pump to maintain the vacuum degree at 65 Pa, react for 2.5 h, then raise the pressure to 0.1 MPa, and cool down to 220 °C to obtain a polyamide oligomer with an average degree of polymerization of 26; among them, the molar ratio of the dicarboxylic acid to the diamine is 1:0.92, the molar ratio of deionized water to the dicarboxylic acid is 0.33:1, and the mass of the catalyst is 0.05% of the mass of the dicarboxylic acid;

[0216] (2.3) Add the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the reaction system in step (2.2), stir to make it fully mixed, keep the temperature for reaction for 0.8 h, continuously evacuate, discharge, cool, pre-crush, and air-flow crush to obtain coated and modified functional particles; among them, the mass ratio of the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the polyester oligomer is 8:1;

[0217] The prepared coated and modified functional particles are composed of functional particles and polyamide oligomers coated on their surfaces. The functional particles and polyamide oligomers are covalently bonded through a coupling agent; the D50 particle size of the coated and modified functional particles is 50 nm, and the thickness of the polyamide oligomers on the surface of the functional particles is 10 nm;

[0218] (3) Prepare a spinning melt;

[0219] First, melt-blend resin A with the coated and modified functional particles to obtain a masterbatch with a concentration of 65 wt%, and then melt-blend the masterbatch with resin B to obtain a spinning melt;

[0220] In the spinning melt, the content of the coated and modified functional particles is 8 wt%;

[0221] (4) Prepare a fiber with rapid moisture conduction;

[0222] First, spin the spinning melt according to the POY process to obtain POY yarn. Then, soak the POY yarn in an aqueous NaOH solution for 1 min, wash it, dry it, and then draw the POY yarn using four pairs of drawing rollers to obtain a fiber with rapid moisture conduction;

[0223] Among them, the temperature of the first pair of drawing rollers is 100 °C, the temperature of the second pair of drawing rollers is 130 °C, the temperature of the third pair of drawing rollers is 180 °C, and the temperature of the fourth pair of drawing rollers is 200 °C; the spinning speed of the first pair of drawing rollers is 400 m / min, the spinning speed of the second pair of drawing rollers is 1200 m / min, the spinning speed of the third pair of drawing rollers is 2500 m / min, and the spinning speed of the fourth pair of drawing rollers is 2600 m / min;

[0224] The prepared fiber with rapid moisture conduction has a specification of 20 D / 24 F; the single filament of the fiber with rapid moisture conduction has a convex and rough surface, with 1 convex every 0.5 - 2 μm, and the average distance between adjacent convexes is 0.9 μm;

[0225] (5) Prepare a fabric with rapid moisture conduction;

[0226] First, spin the fiber with rapid moisture conduction to obtain a yarn with rapid moisture conduction, and then weave the yarn with rapid moisture conduction into a fabric with rapid moisture conduction.

[0227] The finally prepared fabric with rapid moisture conduction is a woven plain fabric, with a warp density of 120 ends / 10 cm, a weft density of

[130] ends / 10 cm, and a gram weight of 40 g / m 2 ; the water absorption rate of the fabric with rapid moisture conduction is 166%, the water droplet diffusion time is 1.2 s, the wicking height is 121 mm, and the drying rate is 0.59 g / h.

[0228] Example B4

[0229] A preparation method of a fabric with rapid moisture conduction, the specific steps are as follows:

[0230] (1)Preparation of raw materials;

[0231] Coupling agent: N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxy (ethoxy) silane;

[0232] Functional particles: zinc oxide;

[0233] Dicarboxylic acid: pimelic acid;

[0234] Diamine: ethylenediamine;

[0235] Deionized water;

[0236] Catalyst: tetrabutyl titanate;

[0237] Resin A and Resin B: both are polyamides with an average degree of polymerization of 200;

[0238] NaOH aqueous solution: the temperature is 93 °C and the concentration is 140 g / L;

[0239] (2)Preparation of coated and modified functional particles;

[0240] (2.1)In a high-speed mixer, under the conditions of a rotation speed of 3000 r / min and a temperature of 100 °C, the functional particles are organically modified with a coupling agent for 2 h to obtain coupling agent-modified functional particles; among them, the mass of the coupling agent is 3.5% of the mass of the functional particles;

[0241] (2.2)Add the dicarboxylic acid, diamine, and deionized water into the reaction kettle. After replacing the air in the reaction kettle with nitrogen or inert gas (that is, introducing 0.4 MPa of nitrogen or inert gas into the reaction kettle, opening the exhaust valve to discharge, and repeating 3 times), react at 250 °C and 1.6 MPa for 3 h, then reduce the pressure to 0.1 MPa, add the catalyst, raise the temperature to 260 °C, and turn on the vacuum pump to keep the vacuum degree at 70 Pa, react for 3 h, then raise the pressure to 0.1 MPa, and cool down to 220 °C to obtain a polyamide oligomer with an average degree of polymerization of 30; among them, the molar ratio of the dicarboxylic acid to the diamine is 1:0.95, the molar ratio of the deionized water to the dicarboxylic acid is 0.38:1, and the mass of the catalyst is 0.1% of the mass of the dicarboxylic acid;

[0242] (2.3)Add the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the reaction system in step (2.2), stir to make it fully mixed, keep the temperature for reaction for 1 h, continuously evacuate, discharge, cool, pre-crush, and air-crush to obtain coated and modified functional particles; among them, the mass ratio of the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the polyester oligomer is 8:1;

[0243] The prepared coated and modified functional particles are composed of functional particles and polyamide oligomers coated on their surfaces. The functional particles and polyamide oligomers are covalently bonded through a coupling agent; the D50 particle size of the coated and modified functional particles is 200 nm, and the thickness of the polyamide oligomers on the surface of the functional particles is 50 nm;

[0244] (3) Prepare a spinning melt;

[0245] First, melt-blend resin A with the coated and modified functional particles to obtain a masterbatch with a concentration of 65 wt%, and then melt-blend the masterbatch with resin B to obtain a spinning melt;

[0246] In the spinning melt, the content of the coated and modified functional particles is 15 wt%;

[0247] (4) Prepare fibers with rapid moisture conduction;

[0248] First, spin the spinning melt according to the POY process to obtain POY yarns. Then, soak the POY yarns in an aqueous NaOH solution for 1.5 min, wash, dry, and then draw the POY yarns using four pairs of drawing rollers to obtain fibers with rapid moisture conduction;

[0249] Among them, the temperature of the first pair of drawing rollers is 110 °C, the temperature of the second pair of drawing rollers is 145 °C, the temperature of the third pair of drawing rollers is 195 °C, and the temperature of the fourth pair of drawing rollers is 230 °C; the spinning speed of the first pair of drawing rollers is 450 m / min, the spinning speed of the second pair of drawing rollers is 1200 m / min, the spinning speed of the third pair of drawing rollers is 2400 m / min, and the spinning speed of the fourth pair of drawing rollers is 2650 m / min;

[0250] The prepared fibers with rapid moisture conduction have a specification of 75D / 36F; the single filaments of the fibers with rapid moisture conduction have a convex and rough surface, with 1 convex every 0.5 - 2 μm, and the average distance between adjacent convexes is 1.6 μm;

[0251] (5) Prepare a fabric with rapid moisture conduction;

[0252] First, spin the fibers with rapid moisture conduction to obtain yarns with rapid moisture conduction, and then weave the yarns with rapid moisture conduction into a fabric with rapid moisture conduction.

[0253] The finally prepared fabric with rapid moisture conduction is a knitted fabric, with a circular knitting machine needle count of 40G and a gram weight of 200 g / m 2 ; the water absorption rate of the fabric with rapid moisture conduction is 175%, the water droplet diffusion time is 1.4 s, the wicking height is 118 mm, and the drying rate is 0.53 g / h.

[0254] Example B5

[0255] A method for preparing a fabric with rapid moisture conduction, the specific steps are as follows:

[0256] (1) Preparation of raw materials;

[0257] Coupling agent: Isopropyltriisostearoyl titanate;

[0258] Functional particles: Silicon dioxide;

[0259] Dicarboxylic acid: Suberic acid;

[0260] Diamine: Pentamethylenediamine;

[0261] Deionized water;

[0262] Catalyst: Tetrabutyl titanate;

[0263] Resin A and Resin B: Both are polyamides with an average degree of polymerization of 150;

[0264] NaOH aqueous solution: Temperature is 95°C, concentration is 170 g / L;

[0265] (2) Preparation of coated and modified functional particles;

[0266] (2.1) In a high-speed mixer, under the conditions of a rotation speed of 2500 r / min and a temperature of 90°C, the functional particles are organically modified with the coupling agent for 3 h to obtain coupling agent-modified functional particles; among them, the mass of the coupling agent is 4.5% of the mass of the functional particles;

[0267] (2.2) Add the dicarboxylic acid, diamine, and deionized water into the reaction kettle. After replacing the air in the reaction kettle with nitrogen or an inert gas (that is, introducing nitrogen or an inert gas at 0.6 MPa into the reaction kettle, opening the exhaust valve to discharge, and repeating 3 times), react at 250°C and 1.8 MPa for 3 h, then reduce the pressure to 0.1 MPa, add the catalyst, raise the temperature to 260°C, and turn on the vacuum pump to maintain the vacuum degree at 72 Pa and react for 3 h. Then raise the pressure to 0.1 MPa and cool down to 220°C to obtain a polyamide oligomer with an average degree of polymerization of 26; among them, the molar ratio of the dicarboxylic acid to the diamine is 1:0.95, the molar ratio of deionized water to the dicarboxylic acid is 0.4:1, and the mass of the catalyst is 0.1% of the mass of the dicarboxylic acid;

[0268] (2.3) Add the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the reaction system in step (2.2), stir to make it fully mixed, keep the temperature for reaction for 1 h, continuously evacuate, discharge, cool, pre-crush, and air-flow crush to obtain coated and modified functional particles; among them, the mass ratio of the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the polyester oligomer is 7:1;

[0269] The obtained coated and modified functional particles are composed of functional particles and polyamide oligomers coated on their surfaces. The functional particles and polyamide oligomers are covalently bonded through a coupling agent; the D50 particle size of the coated and modified functional particles is 600 nm, and the thickness of the polyamide oligomers on the surface of the functional particles is 80 nm;

[0270] (3)Prepare the spinning melt;

[0271] First, melt-blend resin A with the coated and modified functional particles to obtain a masterbatch with a concentration of 50 wt%, and then melt-blend the masterbatch with resin B to obtain the spinning melt;

[0272] In the spinning melt, the content of the coated and modified functional particles is 15 wt%;

[0273] (4)Prepare the fibers with rapid moisture conduction;

[0274] First, spin the spinning melt according to the POY process to obtain POY yarns. Then, soak the POY yarns in an aqueous NaOH solution for 1.5 min, wash, dry, and then draw the POY yarns with four pairs of draw rolls to obtain the fibers with rapid moisture conduction;

[0275] Among them, the temperature of the first pair of draw rolls is 105 °C, the temperature of the second pair of draw rolls is 135 °C, the temperature of the third pair of draw rolls is 190 °C, and the temperature of the fourth pair of draw rolls is 225 °C; the spinning speed of the first pair of draw rolls is 500 m / min, the spinning speed of the second pair of draw rolls is 1500 m / min, the spinning speed of the third pair of draw rolls is 2600 m / min, and the spinning speed of the fourth pair of draw rolls is 2800 m / min;

[0276] The obtained fibers with rapid moisture conduction have a specification of 150 D / 72 F; the single filaments of the fibers with rapid moisture conduction have a convex and rough surface, with 1 convex every 0.5 - 2 μm, and the average distance between adjacent convexes is 1.8 μm;

[0277] (5)Prepare the fabric with rapid moisture conduction;

[0278] First, spin the fibers with rapid moisture conduction to obtain the yarns with rapid moisture conduction, and then weave the yarns with rapid moisture conduction into the fabric with rapid moisture conduction.

[0279] The finally obtained fabric with rapid moisture conduction is a woven twill fabric, with a warp density of 130 ends / 10 cm, a weft density of 140 picks / 10 cm, and a gram weight of 160 g / m 2 ; the water absorption rate of the fabric with rapid moisture conduction is 163%, the water droplet diffusion time is 1.6 s, the wicking height is 116 mm, and the drying rate is 0.47 g / h.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a fiber with rapid moisture conduction, characterized in that, Spinning is carried out on a spinning melt containing 8 - 15 wt% of coated and modified functional particles, and a draw ratio of 5.5 - 6.5 times is carried out during the spinning process to obtain fibers with rapid moisture conduction; The D50 particle size of the coated and modified functional particles is 50 - 900 nm; The coated and modified functional particles include functional particles and oligomers coated on their surfaces through covalent bonds. The oligomers and the matrix of the spinning melt only differ in the average degree of polymerization. The average degree of polymerization of the oligomers is 20 - 60; The preparation method of the coated and modified functional particles is as follows: First, the functional particles are organically modified with a coupling agent to obtain coupling agent - modified functional particles, and at the same time, oligomers are prepared. Then, the oligomers and the coupling agent - modified functional particles are mixed and reacted; The mass ratio of the coupling agent - modified functional particles to the oligomers is 5 - 8:1; The functional particles are silica, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, cuprous oxide, or aluminum oxide; The oligomers are polyester oligomers and the matrix of the spinning melt is polyester; or the oligomers are polyamide oligomers and the matrix of the spinning melt is polyamide; The monofilaments in the fibers with rapid moisture conduction have a convex - shaped rough surface, and there is 1 convex every 0.5 - 2 μm.

2. The preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the oligomers on the surface of the functional particles is 10 - 100 nm.

3. The preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling agent is one or more of γ - aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ - (2,3 - epoxypropoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, γ - methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, N - (β - aminoethyl) - γ - aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, n - octyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, isopropyltriisostearoyl titanate, isopropoxy tris (dioctylpyrophosphate acyloxy) titanate, trifluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane; The mass of the coupling agent is 3 - 5% of the mass of the functional particles; The organic modification is completed in a high - speed blender with a rotation speed of 2500 - 3000 r / min, a temperature of 80 - 100 °C, and a time of 2 - 3 h.

4. The preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the oligomers are polyester oligomers and the matrix of the spinning melt is polyester, the preparation steps of the coated and modified functional particles are as follows: (a) The functional particles are organically modified with a coupling agent to obtain coupling agent - modified functional particles; (b) Add dibasic acid and diol to a reaction kettle, stir and heat up to 200 - 230 °C, control the pressure of the reaction system to be 0.2 - 0.3 MPa, react for 3 - 5 h, then add a catalyst, control the reaction system to gradually heat up to 260 - 270 °C, evacuate to a vacuum degree lower than 80 Pa, react for 2 - 3 h, and then cool down to 230 °C to obtain oligomers; (c) Add the coupling agent - modified functional particles to the reaction system in step (b), stir to make them fully mixed, keep the temperature for reaction for 0.5 - 1 h, continuously evacuate, discharge, cool, pre - pulverize, and air - pulverize to obtain the coated and modified functional particles; The dibasic acid is terephthalic acid; The diol is one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and butanediol.

5. The preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the dibasic acid to the diol is 1:0.9 - 0.95; The mass of the catalyst is 0.01 - 0.1% of the mass of the dibasic acid.

6. The preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the oligomer is a polyamide oligomer and the matrix of the spinning melt is polyamide, the preparation steps of the coated modified functional particles are as follows: (Ⅰ)Organically modify the functional particles with a coupling agent to obtain coupling agent-modified functional particles; (Ⅱ)Add dibasic acid, diamine, and deionized water into a reaction kettle. After replacing the air in the reaction kettle with nitrogen or inert gas, react at 250 °C and 1.3 - 1.8 MPa for 3 h. Then reduce the pressure to 0.1 MPa, add a catalyst, raise the temperature to 260 °C, and turn on the vacuum pump to keep the vacuum degree lower than 80 Pa. React for 2 - 3 h, then increase the pressure to 0.1 MPa, and cool down to 220 °C to obtain the oligomer; (Ⅲ)Add the coupling agent-modified functional particles to the reaction system in step (Ⅱ), stir to make it fully mixed, keep the temperature for reaction for 0.5 - 1 h, continuously evacuate, discharge, cool, pre-crush, and air-crush to obtain the coated modified functional particles; The dibasic acid is one or more of succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid; the diamine is one or more of pentamethylenediamine and ethylenediamine.

7. The preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The molar ratio of dibasic acid to diamine is 1:0.9 - 0.95; the molar ratio of deionized water to dibasic acid is 0.3 - 0.4:1; the mass of the catalyst is 0.05 - 0.1% of the mass of the dibasic acid.

8. A method for preparing a fiber with rapid moisture conduction according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, The preparation process of the spinning melt is as follows: First, melt-blend resin A and the coated modified functional particles to obtain a masterbatch with a concentration of 50 - 65 wt%. Then melt-blend the masterbatch with resin B to obtain the spinning melt, where resin A and resin B are the same substance.

9. The preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction according to claim 8, characterized in that, Four pairs of drafting rollers are used for drafting; the temperature of the first pair of drafting rollers is 100 - 120 °C, the temperature of the second pair of drafting rollers is 130 - 150 °C, the temperature of the third pair of drafting rollers is 180 - 200 °C, and the temperature of the fourth pair of drafting rollers is 200 - 240 °C; the spinning speed of the first pair of drafting rollers is 400 - 500 m / min, the spinning speed of the second pair of drafting rollers is 1200 - 1500 m / min, the spinning speed of the third pair of drafting rollers is 2400 - 2600 m / min, and the spinning speed of the fourth pair of drafting rollers is 2600 - 2800 m / min.

10. The preparation method of a fiber with rapid moisture conduction according to claim 8, characterized in that, Spinning is directly carried out according to the FDY process, or first spin according to the POY process to obtain POY yarn, then conduct alkali etching treatment on the POY yarn, and then draft the alkali-etched POY yarn. The alkali etching treatment is to soak the POY yarn in an aqueous NaOH solution with a temperature of 90 - 95 °C and a concentration of 120 - 170 g / L for 1 - 2 min, then wash and dry.

11. A fast moisture-conducting fiber prepared by using the preparation method of a fast moisture-conducting fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The monofilament has a convex and rough surface, and there is 1 convex every 0.5 - 2 μm.

12. A yarn with rapid moisture conduction, characterized in that, Spun from a kind of fiber with fast moisture conduction as described in claim 11.

13. A fabric with rapid moisture conduction, characterized in that, Woven from a kind of yarn with fast moisture conduction as described in claim 12.

14. A fabric with rapid moisture conduction according to claim 13, characterized in that, The fabric with rapid moisture conduction is a knitted fabric, with a circular knitting machine needle count of 40G and a weight of 150 - 300 g / m 2 ; alternatively, the fabric with rapid moisture conduction is a woven plain fabric, with a warp density of 120 - 130 ends / 10 cm, a weft density of 130 - 150 picks / 10 cm, and a weight of 40 - 300 g / m 2 ; alternatively, the fabric with rapid moisture conduction is a woven twill fabric, with a warp density of 120 - 190 ends / 10 cm, a weft density of 140 - 150 picks / 10 cm, and a weight of 60 - 300 g / m 2 ; The water absorption rate of the fabric with fast moisture conduction is ≥152%, the water droplet diffusion time is ≤1.9 s, the wicking height is ≥112 mm, and the drying rate is ≥0.45 g / h.

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