Large-span truss floor support plate and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of truss floor support plates, in particular to a large-span truss floor support plate and a construction method thereof. Comprising a bottom die; the two lower chord reinforcing steel bars are symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected to the bottom die, web member reinforcing steel bars are fixedly connected between the lower chord reinforcing steel bars and the bottom die, each web member reinforcing steel bar is composed of a plurality of pressing rod parts and a plurality of pulling rod parts, and the web member reinforcing steel bars are fixedly connected with upper chord reinforcing steel bars; and the multiple heavy blocks are distributed linearly and are all connected into the bottom die in a sliding mode, and all the heavy blocks are fixedly connected through fixing rods. All the weights are driven to move through the fixing rods of the weights, in the concrete pouring process, when stress on the two sides of a bottom die is not uniform, the positions of the structure and the gravity center of concrete are adjusted in real time according to changes of the structure and the gravity center of the concrete, and the probability that the pressing rod part is pulled or the pulling rod part is pressed is reduced; therefore, the probability that the structure is bent and even broken in the installation process is reduced, and the strength stability of the structure is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of truss floor decking, and in particular to a large-span truss floor decking and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Large-span truss floor decking is a common structure in the field of engineering construction. The truss floor decking is generally composed of a bottom formwork, lower chord steel bars, upper chord steel bars and web steel bars. During the installation process, the truss floor decking is installed between two steel beams or concrete beams, and then concrete is filled into the truss floor decking to cover the truss floor decking.

[0003] The web reinforcement is composed of a tension rod part and a compression rod part. Through a truss structure with an alternating tension and compression arrangement, the force in the middle of the floor deck is transmitted to the steel beams or concrete beams on both sides thereof. During the stress process of the truss structure, the pressure on the compression rod part is greater than the tension on the tension rod part. In order to maintain the lightweight and strength of the overall structure and make the overall weight distribution of the structure reasonable, the strength of the compression rod part is generally set higher than that of the tension rod part. However, during the concrete pouring process, a small amount of air is inevitable in the concrete, and the large-span truss floor deck is filled with a large amount of concrete, and the weight of concrete with different air content is different. This will cause the center of gravity of the floor deck and concrete to shift during the concrete filling process, causing the internal force distribution state of the compression rod part and the tension rod part to change, thereby causing the compression rod part to be tensioned and the tension rod part to be compressed, causing the tension rod part to be subjected to excessive force during installation and easily bend or even break, thereby affecting the stability of the structure. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the disadvantages mentioned in the above background, the present invention provides a long-span truss floor deck and a construction method thereof.

[0005] The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is: a large-span truss floor deck, comprising:

[0006] Bottom mold;

[0007] The lower chord steel bars have two symmetrically distributed ones, both of which are fixed to the bottom formwork, a web bar is fixedly connected between the lower chord steel bars and the bottom formwork, the web bar is composed of a plurality of compression rod parts and a plurality of tension rod parts, the web bar is equally divided into two symmetrical parts, the compression rod parts and the tension rod parts of each part of the web bar are alternately distributed, and an upper chord steel bar is fixedly connected between the symmetrically distributed web bar steel bars;

[0008] The weight blocks are provided with a plurality of weight blocks which are distributed in a straight line and are all slidably connected in the bottom mold, and all the weight blocks are fixedly connected by fixing rods.

[0009] Preferably, the masses of all the weights increase sequentially from the middle to both ends of the bottom mold.

[0010] Preferably, the angles at which the upper sides of all the pressure rod parts are connected to the upper sides of the adjacent pull rod parts decrease successively from the middle to the two ends of the bottom mold.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes:

[0012] The number of the support rods is the same as that of the pressure rod parts, and the support rods are respectively fixed between adjacent pressure rod parts and the bottom mold.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes:

[0014] The number of the outer shells is the same as the number of the pull rod parts, and they are respectively fixed to the adjacent pressure rod parts. The outer shells are used to shield the adjacent pull rod parts, and a flexible part that fits the pull rod parts is fixed inside the outer shells.

[0015] Preferably, the upper chord steel bars are gradually bent downward from the middle to both ends.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes:

[0017] A tension rod is fixedly connected between the middle portion of the upper chord steel bar and the bottom formwork, and is used to tighten the middle portion of the bottom formwork upward.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes:

[0019] The connecting frames are provided with two symmetrically distributed ones, which are respectively fixed to the two sides of the upper chord steel bars, and the connecting frames are fixed to the bottom plate located at the lower side of the bottom mold.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom plate is located below the adjacent weight block.

[0021] A construction method of a large-span truss floor deck is based on the above-mentioned large-span truss floor deck, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0022] Step 1: Use a crane to lift the structure to the designated location, then fix the bottom formwork on the engineering beam, and then pour concrete on top of the bottom formwork so that the concrete covers the structure;

[0023] Step 2: During the concrete pouring process, the fixing rod of the weight block is pulled by the crane to move so that all the weight blocks move, and the positions of the center of gravity of the structure and the concrete are adjusted in real time according to the changes of the center of gravity of the structure and the concrete;

[0024] Step 3: During the installation and use of the structure, the support rod applies a supporting force to the compression rod portion, and the outer shell transfers the pressure of the concrete near the tension rod portion to the adjacent compression rod portion;

[0025] Step 4: During the installation and use of this structure, the middle part of the upper chord steel bar is bent upward, the upper chord steel bar is tightened with the bottom form through the tension rod, the connecting frame tightens the upper chord steel bar, and the bottom form and the weight block respectively press the adjacent bottom plates, so that the load on the bottom form and the upper chord steel bar is concentrated at the connection point of the bottom form;

[0026] Step 5: After the concrete solidifies, the structure is installed.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention drives all weights to move by the fixing rod of the weights. During the concrete pouring process, when the forces on both sides of the bottom mold are uneven, the positions of the center of gravity of the structure and the concrete are adjusted in real time according to the changes of the center of gravity of the structure and the concrete, thereby reducing the probability of the pressure rod being pulled or the tension rod being compressed, thereby reducing the probability of the structure being bent or even broken during the installation process, thereby ensuring the strength and stability of the structure;

[0028] 2. The support rod is used to apply a supporting force to the compression rod part to improve the compressive strength of the compression rod part. The outer shell is used to transfer the pressure of the concrete near the tie rod part to the adjacent compression rod part, so as to avoid the concrete near the tie rod part directly squeezing the tie rod part, causing the tie rod part to bend or even break under pressure, thereby reducing the probability of local deformation or even breakage of the structure during use;

[0029] 3. Pre-tighten by bending the middle part of the upper chord steel bars upward to reduce the probability of the upper chord steel bars bending downward after being stressed. The upper chord steel bars tighten the bottom mold through the tension rod, and the tension frame tightens the upper chord steel bars. The two sides of the bottom mold and the weights on both sides respectively press the two tension frames, so that if the bottom mold and the middle part of the upper chord steel bars want to bend, the two sides of the bottom mold must be tilted, so that the load on the bottom mold and the middle part of the upper chord steel bars is concentrated on the connection points on both sides of the bottom mold, so as to reduce the probability of bending of the structure, thereby improving the stability of the structure during use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the web reinforcement of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the weight block of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting frame of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tension rod of the present invention.

[0035] The reference numerals are as follows: 1. bottom mold, 2. lower chord steel bar, 3. web bar steel bar, 301. compression rod part, 302. tension rod part, 4. upper chord steel bar, 5. weight block, 6. support rod, 7. outer shell, 701. flexible part, 8. tension rod, 901. connecting frame, 902. bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] First of all, it should be pointed out that in the different described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosure contained in the entire description can be transferred to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names. Selected positional descriptions in the description, such as top, bottom, lateral, etc., also refer to the directly described and shown figures and are transferred to the new positions in the case of a change in position.

[0037] Embodiment 1: A large-span truss floor deck, such as Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, it includes: a bottom mold 1; two lower chord steel bars 2, which are symmetrically distributed front and back and are fixed to the bottom mold 1. The bottom mold 1 is provided with an upwardly protruding support seat, which is an existing structure for supporting the lower chord steel bars 2. A web steel bar 3 is fixed between the lower chord steel bars 2 and the bottom mold 1. The web steel bar 3 is composed of a plurality of compression rod portions 301 and a plurality of tie rod portions 302. The strength of the compression rod portion 301 is higher than the strength of the adjacent tie rod portions 302. The strength of all compression rod portions 301 increases from the middle of the bottom mold 1 to the left and right sides in sequence, and the strength of all tie rod portions 302 also increases from the middle of the bottom mold 1 to the left and right sides in sequence (in the process of filling concrete above the bottom mold 1, the load on the upper side of the bottom mold 1 gradually increases, and the downward load on the middle of the bottom mold 1 will be transmitted through The web reinforcement 3 is gradually transferred to its left and right sides, and the left and right sides of the bottom mold 1 will tighten the middle part to reduce the probability of the bottom mold 1 bending downward). The web reinforcement 3 is divided into two symmetrical parts. The compression rod part 301 and the tension rod part 302 of each part of the web reinforcement 3 are alternately distributed. The truss arrangement of one tension and one compression alternately is an existing structure to improve the structural stability. The symmetrically distributed web reinforcements 3 are commonly fixed with the upper chord reinforcement 4; the weight block 5 has a plurality of linearly distributed ones, which are all slidably connected to the bottom mold 1. The weight block 5 can be a prefabricated solidified concrete block. All the weight blocks 5 are fixedly connected by fixing rods. The fixing rods of the weight blocks 5 can be connected to external equipment (such as a crane). The positions of all the weight blocks 5 can be adjusted by pulling the fixing rods of the weight blocks 5. The space between two adjacent weight blocks 5 can be filled with lightweight materials (such as plastic polymers and foam polymers), and the mass of all weight blocks 5 increases from the middle to the two ends of the bottom mold 1 to reduce the weight borne by the middle of the bottom mold 1, and the left and right sides of the bottom mold 1 are pressed by the weight blocks 5 on the left and right sides to increase the weight on both sides of the bottom mold 1 to strengthen the stability of the edge area of ​​the bottom mold 1. The angles at the connection between the upper sides of all pressure rods 301 and the upper sides of the adjacent tie rods 302 decrease from the middle to the two ends of the bottom mold 1 (the smaller the angle between the pressure rod 301 and the adjacent tie rod 302, the more evenly the load is distributed on the pressure rod 301 and the adjacent tie rod 302 after the load is applied to the connection point between the pressure rod 301 and the adjacent tie rod 302, for example, the lower end of the vertical rod When subjected to downward force, the force on the entire vertical rod will be relatively uniform, while when one end of the horizontal rod is subjected to downward force, the horizontal rod will be more easily bent due to uneven force). Under the premise that the overall length of the web reinforcement 3 remains unchanged, the supporting strength of the web reinforcement 3 is gradually increased from the middle to the left and right sides to adapt to the internal force distribution of the structure as a whole (when the upper side of the structure bears the gravity brought by the concrete, the internal force of the compression rod part 301 close to the middle of the bottom form 1 is smaller than the internal force of the compression rod part 301 away from the middle of the bottom form 1, and the internal force of the tension rod part 302 close to the middle of the bottom form 1 is smaller than the internal force of the tension rod part 302 away from the middle of the bottom form 1). During the installation process, detection equipment can be set to monitor the horizontality, verticality, connection strength and force levels on the left and right sides of the bottom form 1 of the structure in real time.

[0038] Further, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The arrows in the figure indicate the internal force distribution state of the structure when the structure is installed and subjected to load.

[0039] The specific working principle is as follows:

[0040] When the operator needs to install and use the structure, the operator lifts the structure to the designated position (for example, on a steel beam or a concrete beam) through a crane or other lifting equipment. The figure shows only a part of the structure. During the installation process, several structures are overlapped at the designated position from front to back, and the overlaps are sealed. Then, the left and right sides of the bottom mold 1 are fixed to the steel beam or concrete beam by welding or bolting. Then, concrete is poured on top of the bottom mold 1 so that the concrete covers the structure. During the concrete pouring process, part of the air in the concrete is vibrated out by a vibrating rod to reduce the amount of voids generated in the concrete during the drying process. In addition, during the above installation process, the horizontality, verticality and connection strength of the structure are monitored in real time by detection equipment.

[0041] During the concrete pouring process, a small amount of air is inevitably present in the concrete, and the large-span truss floor deck is filled with a large amount of concrete, which will cause a difference in the weight of the concrete filled in the bottom form 1 as a whole, causing the center of gravity of the structure to shift, thereby causing the compression rod part 301 to be pulled and the tension rod part 302 to be compressed. At this time, the force on the left and right sides of the bottom form 1 is monitored in real time by the detection equipment. If the force on the right side of the bottom form 1 is greater than that on the left side, the operator pulls the fixed rod of the weight block 5 to the left through an external device (such as a crane), so that all the weight blocks 5 move to the left. If the force on the left side of the bottom form 1 is greater than that on the right side, the operator pulls the fixed rod of the weight block 5 to the right through an external device (such as a crane), so that all the weight blocks 5 move to the right. During the concrete pouring process, the position of the center of gravity of the structure and the concrete is adjusted in real time according to the changes in the center of gravity of the structure and the concrete, reducing the probability of the compression rod part 301 being pulled or the tension rod part 302 being compressed, thereby reducing the probability of the structure bending or even breaking during the installation process, so as to ensure the strength and stability of the structure.

[0042] After the concrete solidifies, the installation of this structure is completed, and the operator cleans the equipment and this structure used during the installation process.

[0043] Embodiment 2: Based on embodiment 1, Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, it also includes: support rods 6, the number of which is the same as the number of the pressure rod parts 301, which are respectively fixed between adjacent pressure rod parts 301 and the bottom mold 1, and the support rods 6 are used to apply supporting force to the pressure rod parts 301 to improve the compressive strength of the pressure rod parts 301.

[0044] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes: an outer shell 7, the number of which is the same as the number of the tie rod parts 302, which are respectively fixed to the adjacent pressure rod parts 301, and the outer shell 7 is used to shield the adjacent tie rod parts 302. The pressure of the concrete on the upper side of the tie rod part 302 is transmitted to the adjacent pressure rod part 301 through the outer shell 7, and the extrusion pressure exerted by the concrete on the upper side of the tie rod part 302 is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of the tie rod part 302 being compressed, bent, or even broken. A flexible part 701 that fits the tie rod part 302 is fixed inside the outer shell 7, and the flexible part 701 is used to reduce the extrusion pressure exerted by the outer shell 7 on the adjacent tie rod part 302.

[0045] Embodiment 3: Based on embodiment 2, Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, it also includes: a tension rod 8, which is fixed between the middle part of the upper chord steel bar 4 and the bottom mold 1. The upper chord steel bar 4 is gradually bent downward from the middle part to both ends, which is used to improve the compressive strength of the middle part of the upper chord steel bar 4. The tension rod 8 is used to tighten the middle part of the bottom mold 1 upward, thereby improving the bending strength of the middle part of the bottom mold 1.

[0046] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, it also includes: a connecting frame 901, which has two symmetrically distributed ones, respectively fixed to the two sides of the upper chord steel bar 4, the connecting frame 901 is fixed with a bottom plate 902 located on the lower side of the bottom mold 1, the connecting frame 901 is used to pull the two ends of the upper chord steel bar 4 downward, so that the middle part of the upper chord steel bar 4 is warped upward and the middle part of the bottom mold 1 is tightened by the tension rod 8, the bottom plate 902 is located below the adjacent weight block 5, the weight block 5 is used to press the bottom mold 1 to reduce the probability of deformation of the bottom mold 1 caused by the upward extrusion of the bottom plate 902.

[0047] The specific working principle is as follows:

[0048] The loads borne by the bottom formwork 1, the lower chord steel bars 2 and the upper chord steel bars 4 during installation and use gradually decrease from the middle of the bottom formwork 1 to the left and right sides. The middle part of the upper chord steel bars 4 is bent upward to increase its bending strength, so as to reduce the probability of the upper chord steel bars 4 bending downward after being stressed. The upper chord steel bars 4 tighten the bottom formwork 1 through the tension rods 8, and the two connecting frames 901 tighten the upper chord steel bars 4. The left and right sides of the bottom formwork 1 and the weights 5 on the left and right sides respectively press the two bottom plates 902, so that if the middle part of the bottom formwork 1 and the upper chord steel bars 4 want to bend downward, the left and right sides of the bottom formwork 1 must be tilted upward, so that the loads borne by the middle part of the bottom formwork 1 and the upper chord steel bars 4 are concentrated on the connection points on the left and right sides of the bottom formwork 1, so as to reduce the probability of bending of the structure, thereby improving the stability of the structure during use.

[0049] Embodiment 4: Based on embodiment 3, Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a construction method of a large-span truss floor deck is based on the above-mentioned large-span truss floor deck, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0050] Step 1: Lift the structure to the designated location by a crane, then fix the bottom form 1 on the engineering beam, and then pour concrete on the top of the bottom form 1 so that the concrete covers the structure;

[0051] Step 2: During the concrete pouring process, the fixing rod of the weight block 5 is pulled by the crane to move so that all the weight blocks 5 move, and the positions of the center of gravity of the structure and the concrete are adjusted in real time according to the changes of the center of gravity of the structure and the concrete;

[0052] Step 3: During the installation and use of the structure, the support rod 6 applies a supporting force to the compression rod portion 301, and the housing 7 transfers the pressure of the concrete near the tension rod portion 302 to the adjacent compression rod portion 301;

[0053] Step 4: During the installation and use of the structure, the middle part of the upper chord steel bar 4 is bent upward, the upper chord steel bar 4 is tightened with the bottom mold 1 through the tension rod 8, the connecting frame 901 tightens the upper chord steel bar 4, and the bottom mold 1 and the weight block 5 respectively press the adjacent bottom plate 902, so that the load on the bottom mold 1 and the upper chord steel bar 4 is concentrated at the connection point of the bottom mold 1;

[0054] Step 5: After the concrete solidifies, the structure is installed.

[0055] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-span truss floor deck, characterized in that it includes: Bottom mold (1); The lower chord steel bars (2) have two symmetrically distributed ones, both of which are fixed to the bottom formwork (1); a web steel bar (3) is fixedly connected between the lower chord steel bars (2) and the bottom formwork (1); the web steel bar (3) is composed of a plurality of compression rod parts (301) and a plurality of tension rod parts (302); the web steel bar (3) is equally divided into two symmetrical parts; the compression rod parts (301) and the tension rod parts (302) of each part of the web steel bar (3) are alternately distributed; an upper chord steel bar (4) is fixedly connected between the symmetrically distributed web steel bars (3); The weight blocks (5) are arranged in a straight line and are all slidably connected to the bottom mold (1). All the weight blocks (5) are fixedly connected by fixing rods.

2. A long-span truss floor deck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass of all the weights (5) increases sequentially from the middle to the two ends of the bottom mold (1).

3. A long-span truss floor deck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angles at which the upper sides of all the pressure rod parts (301) are connected to the upper sides of the adjacent pull rod parts (302) decrease in sequence from the middle to the two ends of the bottom mold (1).

4. A long-span truss floor deck according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also included are: The number of support rods (6) is the same as the number of the pressure rod parts (301), and they are respectively fixed between adjacent pressure rod parts (301) and the bottom mold (1).

5. A long-span truss floor deck according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also included are: The number of the outer shells (7) is the same as the number of the pull rod parts (302), and they are respectively fixed to the adjacent pressure rod parts (301). The outer shells (7) are used to shield the adjacent pull rod parts (302). A flexible part (701) that fits the pull rod parts (302) is fixed inside the outer shell (7).

6. A long-span truss floor deck according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper chord steel bars (4) are gradually bent downward from the middle to both ends.

7. A long-span truss floor deck according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also included are: A tension rod (8) is fixedly connected between the middle portion of the upper chord steel bar (4) and the bottom mold (1) and is used to tighten the middle portion of the bottom mold (1) upwards.

8. A long-span truss floor deck according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also included are: The connecting frame (901) has two symmetrically distributed ones, which are respectively fixed to the two sides of the upper chord steel bar (4), and the connecting frame (901) is fixed to the bottom plate (902) located at the lower side of the bottom mold (1).

9. A long-span truss floor deck according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom plate (902) is located below the adjacent weight block (5).

10. A construction method for a long-span truss floor deck, according to the long-span truss floor deck of claim 9, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: The structure is lifted to a designated location by a crane, and then the bottom form (1) is fixed on the engineering beam, and then concrete is poured on top of the bottom form (1) so that the concrete covers the structure; Step 2: During the concrete pouring process, the fixing rod of the weight block (5) is pulled by a crane to move so that all the weight blocks (5) move, and the positions of the center of gravity of the structure and the concrete are adjusted in real time according to the changes of the center of gravity of the structure and the concrete; Step 3: During the installation and use of the structure, the support rod (6) applies a supporting force to the compression rod portion (301), and the housing (7) transfers the pressure of the concrete near the tension rod portion (302) to the adjacent compression rod portion (301); Step 4: During the installation and use of the structure, the middle part of the upper chord steel bar (4) is bent upward, the upper chord steel bar (4) is tightened to the bottom form (1) through the tension rod (8), the connecting frame (901) tightens the upper chord steel bar (4), and the bottom form (1) and the weight block (5) respectively press the adjacent bottom plate (902), so that the load on the bottom form (1) and the upper chord steel bar (4) is concentrated at the connection point of the bottom form (1); Step 5: After the concrete solidifies, the structure is installed.

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