Structure and construction method for temporary locking opening of sand layer section of shaft of freezing vertical shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vertical shaft freezing, and provides a structure for freezing a temporary locking opening of a sand layer section of a vertical shaft, the structure is used for wellhead anti-sinking construction of the vertical shaft, the structure comprises a permanent shaft wall, a locking opening structure and a freezing groove which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the locking opening structure comprises a temporary locking opening, and the temporary locking opening is annular; the groove is located between the permanent well wall and the freezing groove; a plurality of piled bricks are circumferentially arranged, are positioned below the piled bricks and are used for supporting the temporary locking openings. The invention further provides a construction method of the temporary locking opening of the sand layer section of the shaft of the freezing vertical shaft, which comprises the following steps: after the shaft is locally and symmetrically excavated below the temporary locking opening, brick piles are built below the temporary locking opening to support the temporary locking opening; and after lock opening continuation section steel bars are bound below the temporary lock opening and a formwork is erected, a lock opening continuation section is poured, and the piled bricks are poured in the lock opening continuation section. By means of the technical scheme, the technical problem that in the related technology, when freezing method construction is conducted on the mine sand layer section, a frozen groove and a temporary locking opening sink easily occur is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vertical shaft freezing, and in particular to a structure and a construction method for temporarily locking a sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the extension of the mining area of ​​the production mine, it is necessary to design and construct the ventilation shaft separately. With the gradual advancement of the mine production process, it is necessary to add ventilation shafts in a timely manner. At the same time, the shallow coal resources are decreasing. Vertical shaft development is currently a very common way of mine development. For the construction of mines in sand layers, there are many different technical problems. For example, in some areas, the topsoil layer is aeolian sand and red soil, and the rock layer is mainly coarse, medium and fine sandstone. Most of them are porous aquifers, containing only a small amount of sandy mudstone. The sandy mudstone is incomplete and has a block or layered structure. The water-proof effect is poor, and the permeability and recharge capacity of each aquifer is strong. The rock is muddy and poorly cemented, with low hardness and easy to weather and break. Under this formation condition, the vertical shaft can choose the construction plan of freezing method construction, forced grouting between the rear wall and pre-grouting of the working face. Since some rock formations are mainly porous water aquifers, the grouting effect is not obvious when using ground pre-grouting or working face grouting, and often fails to achieve the expected effect, increasing the construction difficulty, slowing the construction speed, and failing to ensure the quality of the shaft wall. Therefore, when constructing vertical shafts in these areas, the freezing method is usually used to ensure the shaft construction time, the shaft construction quality, production efficiency and economic benefits. However, when the freezing method is used, the fine sand is rich in water, which is prone to sand burst and spalling accidents. The freezing is difficult, the construction period is long, and it is not easy to form a rubber ring. During the construction of the temporary lock sand layer section, freezing grooves and temporary lock sinking accidents are prone to occur. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention proposes a structure and construction method for temporarily locking a sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft, which solves the technical problem in the related art that freezing grooves and temporary locking mouths are prone to sinking when freezing construction is carried out in the sand layer section of a mine.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A structure for temporarily locking the sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft, used for the wellhead anti-sinking construction of the vertical shaft, comprises a permanent shaft wall, a locking structure and a freezing groove arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the locking structure comprises: A temporary lock opening, which is annular and located between the permanent well wall and the freezing groove; Brick stacks, which are multiple and arranged in a circle, are located below the brick stacks to support the temporary locking opening.

[0005] As a further technical solution, it also includes: Hollow plates, which are arranged in a plurality of circles and are arranged on the freezing groove and around the temporary locking opening; The lock mouth is upside down, and the lock mouth is in a ring shape, arranged on the hollow plate, and is an integrated reinforced concrete structure with the temporary lock mouth.

[0006] As a further technical solution, it also includes: A cushion layer, the cushion layer is arranged under the brick pile to support the brick pile; A steel backing plate is arranged between the temporary locking opening and the brick stack.

[0007] As a further technical solution, it also includes: A brick wall is annular and is arranged between the temporary locking opening and the freezing groove.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the lock structure includes: The lock mouth extension section is arranged below the temporary lock mouth and is an integrated reinforced concrete structure with the temporary lock mouth. The brick stack is cast in the lock mouth extension section.

[0009] As a further technical solution, a spacing space is formed between two adjacent brick stacks, further comprising: A support assembly is arranged in the spacing space and abuts against the brick stack in both axial and radial directions, and the support assembly is used for being poured in concrete.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the two sides of the brick stack along the circumference of the wellhead are defined as the left side and the right side, and the two sides in the radial direction are defined as the front and rear sides, and the support assembly includes: An upper pull member, wherein both ends of the upper pull member respectively have a first pull portion and a second pull portion, wherein the first pull portion abuts against and pulls the left side of the brick stack, and the second pull portion abuts against and pulls the right side of another adjacent brick stack; A first pull-down member and a second pull-down member, wherein the first pull-down member and the second pull-down member respectively have a first pull groove and a second pull groove, one of the brick stacks is clamped in the first pull groove, and another adjacent brick stack is clamped in the second pull groove; A scissor-type telescopic frame, wherein the upper end of the scissor-type telescopic frame is hinged to the upper pull-up member, one side of the lower end is hinged to the first lower pull-down member, and the other side of the lower end is hinged to the second lower pull-down member.

[0011] As a further technical solution, two adjacent first pull-down members are respectively located at the front side and the rear side of two adjacent brick stacks, and two adjacent second pull-down members are respectively located at the front side and the rear side of two adjacent brick stacks.

[0012] The present invention also provides a construction method for temporarily locking a frozen vertical shaft sand layer section, comprising the following steps: Step S1, excavating a wellhead after constructing a freezing trench; Step S2, building a brick wall on the inner wall of the wellhead, and placing a hollow plate on the upper part of the freezing groove; Step S3, tying the inverted locking steel bars on the top of the hollow slab, tying the temporary locking steel bars on the inner wall of the brick wall, and pouring concrete after the inverted locking steel bars and the temporary locking steel bars support the formwork to form an integrated structure of inverted locking and temporary locking; Step S4: After partially excavating the shaft below the temporary lock opening symmetrically, a brick pile is built below the temporary lock opening to support the temporary lock opening; Step S5, after tying the reinforcement of the lock mouth extension section below the temporary lock mouth and supporting the formwork, cast the lock mouth extension section, wherein the brick stack is cast in the lock mouth extension section.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the step S5 further includes the following steps: Step S6, after continuing to excavate the shaft partially and symmetrically below the lock-mouth extension section, a brick pile is built below the lock-mouth extension section to support the lock-mouth extension section; Step S7, after tying the steel bars of the lock-mouth extension section below the lock-mouth extension section and supporting the formwork, continue to cast the lock-mouth extension section; Among them, in step S1, step S4 and step S6, watering is used during excavation to reduce the temperature of the sand layer and accelerate the freezing speed of the rubber ring in this section.

[0014] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are: In the present invention, the anti-sinking ability of the wellhead is significantly enhanced, ensuring the smooth progress of the construction and the quality of the wellbore. Overall working principle: During the wellhead construction, the permanent well wall serves as the inner foundation, the temporary lock bears the external pressure, and the brick stack provides stable support to jointly prevent the wellhead from sinking. Overall technical effect: Through this structural design, the problem of easy sinking of the wellhead in the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft is effectively solved, the safety and reliability of the construction are improved, and the quality and production efficiency of the wellbore are guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The preferred implementation modes will be described below in a clear and understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA cross-sectional structure diagram; Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the lock mouth extension structure in the present invention; In the figure: permanent shaft wall-1, locking structure-2, freezing groove-3, temporary locking-201, brick pile-202, locking extension-203, interval space-204, hollow slab-4, locking inverted-5, cushion layer-6, steel pad-7, brick wall-8, supporting assembly-9, upper pull member-901, first pull part-902, second pull part-903, first lower pull member-904, second lower pull member-905, first pull groove-906, second pull groove-907, scissors-type telescopic frame-908. DETAILED DESCRIPTION In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] In order to simplify the drawings, only the parts related to the invention are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one of them is marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one", and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0018] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0019] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] Example 1 Reference Figure 1~Figure 3This embodiment proposes a structure of a temporary lock 201 for freezing the sand layer section of a vertical shaft, which is used for the anti-sinking construction of the shaft mouth of the vertical shaft, including a permanent shaft wall 1, a lock structure 2 and a freezing groove 3 arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the lock structure 2 includes: a temporary lock 201, which is annular and located between the permanent shaft wall 1 and the freezing groove 3; a plurality of brick stacks 202, which are arranged in a circle and located below the brick stacks 202 to support the temporary lock 201.

[0021] In the structure of the temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft: the permanent shaft wall 1, the lock structure 2 and the freezing groove 3 are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. Among them, the temporary lock 201 is annular and is located between the permanent shaft wall 1 and the freezing groove 3. Several brick piles 202 arranged in a circle are located below it for support. The design principle is that the structural stability of the shaft head area is enhanced to prevent sinking by cooperating with the brick pile 202 below the annular temporary lock 201.

[0022] In actual construction, for example, when the reinforced concrete is poured to form the ring-shaped lock hanging 5, a temporary lock 201 is poured together. The temporary lock 201 can be hung by the lock hanging 5. However, in a mine with a surface sand layer structure, there is a certain risk of sinking, especially when digging in the shaft. The risk of sinking will be greatly increased. For this reason, it is designed to support the brick stack 202 under the temporary lock 201, which can effectively avoid the risk of sinking and greatly improve construction safety.

[0023] This design also has the following advantages: First, the combination of the temporary lock 201 and the brick pile 202 can effectively disperse the pressure on the wellhead and improve the overall bearing capacity. Second, the annular structure and the brick piles 202 arranged in a circle provide uniform support, reducing the risk of local sinking. For example, when facing the geological conditions of the sand layer and the large external pressure, the structure can maintain the stability of the wellhead and ensure the safe progress of the construction.

[0024] In terms of technical effects, the anti-sinking ability of the wellhead is significantly enhanced, ensuring the smooth progress of construction and the quality of the wellbore. Overall working principle: During the wellhead construction, the temporary lock 201 bears the external pressure, and the brick pile 202 provides stable support to prevent the wellhead from sinking. Overall technical effect: Through this structural design, the problem of easy sinking of the wellhead in the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft is effectively solved, the safety and reliability of the construction are improved, and the quality and production efficiency of the wellbore are guaranteed.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes hollow plates 4, which are arranged in a circle and arranged on the freezing groove 3, located around the temporary locking mouth 201; the locking mouth inverted 5 is annular, arranged on the hollow plates 4, and is an integrated reinforced concrete structure with the temporary locking mouth 201.

[0026] In the structure of the temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft, there are also a number of hollow plates 4 arranged in a circle, which are arranged on the freezing groove 3 and are located around the temporary lock 201. At the same time, there is also an annular lock hanging 5, which is arranged on the hollow plate 4 and is a reinforced concrete integrated structure with the temporary lock 201. The design principle is to disperse the pressure around the wellhead through the hollow plate 4, and use the lock hanging 5 to further enhance the stability and bearing capacity of the structure.

[0027] The advantages of this design are: first, the hollow plate 4 can reduce the deadweight of the structure, effectively disperse the external pressure, and reduce the local concentrated force borne by the freezing groove 3. Second, the inverted lock 5 increases the anti-overturning ability of the structure and improves the overall stability of the wellhead.

[0028] For example, when encountering a large formation pressure or external disturbance, the hollow plate 4 and the locking inversion 5 can work together to maintain the integrity and stability of the wellhead structure.

[0029] In terms of technical effects, the bearing capacity and anti-deformation ability of the temporary lock structure are significantly improved, effectively preventing the wellhead from tilting and sinking. Overall working principle: During the construction process, the hollow plate 4 first disperses the pressure, and the lock inverted 5 enhances the overall stability, and works together with the temporary lock 201 and the brick pile 202 to ensure the safety of the wellhead under complex geological conditions. Overall technical effect: Through this improved design, the structural performance of the temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft is further optimized, and the safety and reliability of the construction are improved.

[0030] Furthermore, it also includes a cushion layer 6, which is arranged below the brick pile 202 to support the brick pile 202; and a steel pad 7, which is arranged between the temporary locking port 201 and the brick pile 202.

[0031] In the structure of the temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft, a cushion layer 6 and a steel pad 7 are also added. The cushion layer 6 is arranged below the brick pile 202 to support the brick pile 202; the steel pad 7 is arranged between the temporary lock 201 and the brick pile 202. The design principle is that the cushion layer 6 can disperse the pressure transmitted from the brick pile 202 to make the support more uniform and stable; the steel pad 7 enhances the connection strength and stability between the temporary lock 201 and the brick pile 202.

[0032] In actual construction, for example, before preparing to construct the brick pile 202, the cushion layer 6 is laid first to provide a solid and uniform foundation for the brick pile 202. When installing the brick pile 202, a steel pad 7 is placed at the position where the brick pile 202 contacts the temporary lock 201.

[0033] The advantages of this design are: first, the cushion layer 6 effectively reduces the influence of uneven ground settlement on the supporting effect of the brick pile 202, thereby improving the stability of the overall structure. Second, the larger area of ​​the steel pad 7 avoids the local damage that may be caused by direct contact between the temporary lock 201 and the brick pile 202, thereby extending the service life of the structure.

[0034] For example, during long-term use, even if the ground conditions change to a certain extent, the presence of the cushion layer 6 and the steel pad 7 can ensure the reliability of the structure.

[0035] In terms of technical effects, the stability and durability of the temporary lock structure are significantly improved, and the maintenance cost and risk are reduced. Overall working principle: In the entire structure, the cushion layer 6 provides good support for the brick pile 202, and the steel pad 7 strengthens the connection between the temporary lock 201 and the brick pile 202, jointly ensuring the anti-sinking effect of the wellhead. Overall technical effect: By adding the cushion layer 6 and the steel pad 7, the structure of the temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft is further improved, and its performance and reliability are enhanced.

[0036] Furthermore, it also includes a brick wall 8 which is annular and is arranged between the temporary locking opening 201 and the freezing groove 3 .

[0037] In the structure of the temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft, an annular brick wall 8 is also included, which is arranged between the temporary lock 201 and the freezing groove 3. The design principle is to further enhance the connection and stability between the temporary lock 201 and the freezing groove 3 through the annular brick wall 8, and play a certain isolation and protection role.

[0038] In actual construction, for example, after the construction of the freezing groove 3 is completed and before the temporary locking opening 201 is constructed, a circular brick wall 8 is first built in the inner area of ​​the freezing groove 3 .

[0039] The advantages of this design are: first, the brick wall 8 can share part of the pressure from the outside, thereby enhancing the bearing capacity of the overall structure; second, it can effectively prevent external debris or water from entering the temporary lock port 201 area, thereby ensuring safety and stability during construction and use.

[0040] For example, when encountering severe weather conditions or changes in the surrounding environment, the brick wall 8 can provide additional protection and reduce the impact on the temporary lock 201 structure.

[0041] In terms of technical effects, the protection performance and stability of the temporary lock 201 area are significantly improved, and potential safety risks are reduced. Overall working principle: In the entire structural system, the brick wall 8 serves as the middle isolation and reinforcement layer, and works together with the temporary lock 201 and the freezing groove 3 to jointly ensure the anti-sinking effect and safety of the shaft opening. Overall technical effect: By adding the brick wall 8, the structure of the temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen shaft is further optimized, and its comprehensive performance and reliability are improved.

[0042] Furthermore, the locking structure 2 includes a locking extension section 203 , which is arranged below the temporary locking 201 and is an integrated reinforced concrete structure with the temporary locking 201 , and the brick stack 202 is cast in the locking extension section 203 .

[0043] In the structure of temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft: the lock structure 2 also includes a lock extension 203 arranged below the temporary lock 201, which is a reinforced concrete integrated structure with the temporary lock 201, and the brick pile 202 is cast in the lock extension 203. The design principle is to further strengthen the lower structural strength and stability of the temporary lock 201 through the lock extension 203, and at the same time cast the brick pile 202 in it to achieve a more solid connection and support.

[0044] In actual construction, for example, when the temporary lock mouth 201 is completed, usually the temporary lock mouth 201 can only be built to 2~3 meters, but only when the temporary lock mouth 201 is constructed to 8~10 meters can it avoid sinking when pouring the permanent well wall 1. For this reason, it is necessary to continue to dig the well shaft and continue to pour the temporary lock mouth 201 downwards, but continued digging is also likely to cause the temporary lock mouth 201 and the freezing groove 3 to sink. For this reason, on the basis of laying the brick stack 202, the lock mouth extension section 203 is poured, so that the brick stack 202 can be covered, thereby realizing the continuous increase in the height of the temporary lock mouth 201. Repeating the operation can realize the construction of the temporary lock mouth 201 to 8~10 meters, and the temporary lock mouth 201 and the freezing groove 3 sink during the process, thereby ensuring that the whole will not sink when the permanent well wall 1 is poured.

[0045] The advantages of this design are: first, the lock mouth extension 203 increases the bearing capacity and anti-deformation capacity of the lower part of the temporary lock mouth 201, effectively preventing the sinking and damage of the lower structure. Second, the brick pile 202 is cast in the lock mouth extension 203, which improves the bonding strength between the brick pile 202 and the overall structure and enhances the stability of the support. For example, when facing the geological conditions of the sand layer and the large formation pressure, the lock mouth extension 203 and the brick pile 202 cast therein can work together to ensure the safety and stability of the wellhead.

[0046] In terms of technical effects, the overall strength and stability of the temporary lock structure are significantly improved, and the service life is extended. Overall working principle: During the wellhead anti-sinking construction, the lock extension section 203 works with the temporary lock 201 to withstand the pressure from the top and the surrounding area. The internally cast brick pile 202 provides strong support to jointly ensure the stability of the wellhead structure. Overall technical effect: By setting the lock extension section 203 and reasonably casting the brick pile 202, the structure of the temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft is further improved, and its reliability and safety are improved.

[0047] Example 2 Reference Figure 4 On the basis of Example 1, further, a spacing space 204 is formed between two adjacent brick stacks 202, and further includes: a support component 9, which is arranged in the spacing space 204 and abuts against the brick stack 202 in the axial and radial directions, and the support component 9 is used to be poured in concrete.

[0048] In the structure of temporary locking of the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft, a space 204 is formed between two adjacent brick stacks 202, and a support assembly 9 is arranged in the space 204. The support assembly 9 abuts against the brick stack 202 in both axial and radial directions and is used for pouring in concrete.

[0049] The design principle is to further enhance the connection and overall stability between the brick stacks 202 and improve the bearing capacity of the structure by arranging the support assembly 9 in the spacing space 204. In actual construction, for example, when arranging the brick stacks 202, the spacing space 204 is reserved. Then the support assembly 9 is installed in the spacing space 204 so that it is closely abutted against the brick stack 202. Finally, concrete is poured to fix the support assembly 9 therein.

[0050] The advantages of this design are: first, the support assembly 9 provides additional support and constraints to the brick stack 202 in the axial and radial directions, preventing the brick stack 202 from displacement or deformation when subjected to force. Second, the support assembly 9 cast in concrete increases the integrity and strength of the structure and improves the ability to resist external pressure and deformation.

[0051] For example, when encountering greater ground pressure or vibration, the support assembly 9 can effectively transmit and disperse stress to ensure the stability of the brick stack 202 and the entire structure.

[0052] In terms of technical effects, the bearing capacity and stability of the temporary lock structure under complex geological conditions are significantly improved, and the risk of structural deformation and damage is reduced. Overall working principle: During construction and use, the support assembly 9 works together with the brick pile 202 to jointly withstand pressure and external forces from all directions to ensure the structural safety of the temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen shaft. Overall technical effect: By arranging the support assembly 9 in the spacing space 204, the structural performance of the temporary lock is further optimized, and its reliability and safety are improved.

[0053] Further, the two sides of the brick stack 202 along the circumference of the wellhead are defined as the left side and the right side, and the two sides in the radial direction are defined as the front and rear sides. The support assembly 9 includes: An upper pull member 901, wherein both ends of the upper pull member 901 have a first pull portion 902 and a second pull portion 903, wherein the first pull portion 902 abuts against and pulls the left side of the brick stack 202, and the second pull portion 903 abuts against and pulls the right side of another adjacent brick stack 202; A first pull-down member 904 and a second pull-down member 905, wherein the first pull-down member 904 and the second pull-down member 905 respectively have a first pull groove 906 and a second pull groove 907, wherein one brick stack 202 is stuck in the first pull groove 906, and another adjacent brick stack 202 is stuck in the second pull groove 907; The scissor-type telescopic frame 908 has an upper end hinged to the upper pull member 901 , one side of the lower end hinged to the first lower pull member 904 , and the other side of the lower end hinged to the second lower pull member 905 .

[0054] In the structure of temporary locking of the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft, the first pulling part 902 of the upper pulling member 901 abuts against and pulls the left side of the brick pile 202, and the second pulling part 903 abuts against and pulls the right side of another adjacent brick pile 202. The design purpose is to provide a pulling force to the adjacent brick piles 202 in the horizontal direction to prevent them from being displaced in the circumferential direction.

[0055] The first pull-down member 904 and the second pull-down member 905 respectively have a first pull groove 906 and a second pull groove 907. One brick stack 202 is stuck in the first pull groove 906, and another adjacent brick stack 202 is stuck in the second pull groove 907. Such a design can position and constrain the brick stack 202 in the vertical direction to prevent it from sinking or dislocation.

[0056] The upper end of the scissor-type telescopic frame 908 is hinged to the upper pull member 901, one side of the lower end is hinged to the first lower pull member 904, and the other side of the lower end is hinged to the second lower pull member 905. The scissor-type telescopic frame 908 can be telescopically adjusted as needed to adapt to different sizes of the spacing space 204, while providing stable support and connection.

[0057] In actual construction, for example, the first pull portion 902 and the second pull portion 903 of the upper pull member 901 are firstly brought into contact with and pulled against the adjacent brick piles 202. Then, the pull grooves of the first lower pull member 904 and the second lower pull member 905 are clamped in the corresponding brick piles 202. Finally, the scissor-type telescopic frame 908 is installed and the hinge is completed.

[0058] The advantages of this design are: first, through the coordinated action of the upper pull member 901, the first lower pull member 904 and the second lower pull member 905, the brick stack 202 is fully constrained and positioned in the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby improving the stability of the brick stack 202. Second, the flexibility and adjustability of the scissor-type telescopic frame 908 enable the support assembly 9 to adapt to different construction conditions and brick stack 202 arrangements.

[0059] For example, under complex geological conditions, when subjected to uneven pressure or vibration, the support assembly 9 can effectively maintain the position and structural integrity of the brick stack 202 and ensure the stability of the temporary lock 201.

[0060] In terms of technical effects, the connection strength and stability between the brick piles 202 are significantly enhanced, and the bearing capacity and deformation resistance of the entire temporary lock structure are improved. Overall working principle: During construction and use, the upper pull member 901, the first lower pull member 904, the second lower pull member 905 and the scissor-type telescopic frame 908 cooperate with each other to form a stable support system, which jointly ensures the position and structural stability of the brick pile 202, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen shaft. Overall technical effect: Through this sophisticated support component 9 design, the structural performance of the temporary lock is further optimized, and its ability to cope with complex geological conditions and service life are improved.

[0061] Furthermore, two adjacent first pull-down members 904 are respectively located at the front side and the rear side of two adjacent brick stacks 202 , and two adjacent second pull-down members 905 are respectively located at the front side and the rear side of two adjacent brick stacks 202 .

[0062] In the structure of temporary locking of the sand layer section of the frozen vertical shaft, two adjacent first pull-down members 904 are respectively located at the front and rear sides of two adjacent brick piles 202, and two adjacent second pull-down members 905 are also respectively located at the front and rear sides of two adjacent brick piles 202. The design principle is to more comprehensively constrain and support the brick piles 202 from all directions through this front-to-back staggered arrangement, thereby enhancing the stability and integrity of the structure.

[0063] In actual construction, for example, when installing the support assembly 9, ensure that the adjacent first pull-down members 904 and second pull-down members 905 are respectively located on different sides of the brick stack 202. In this way, no matter in which direction the force is applied, the corresponding pull-down members can provide effective support and limit displacement.

[0064] The advantages of this design are: first, it further improves the radial constraint on the brick stack 202, preventing the brick stack 202 from shaking or moving forward and backward. Second, the front-back staggered arrangement makes the support force distribution more uniform, reduces the possibility of local stress concentration, and improves the bearing capacity and durability of the entire structure.

[0065] For example, when subjected to uneven forces from inside or outside the shaft, this arrangement can better maintain the stability of the position of the brick stack 202 and ensure the structural safety of the temporary lock 201.

[0066] In terms of technical effects, the stability and bearing capacity of the temporary lock structure in all directions are significantly enhanced, and the risk of structural deformation and damage is reduced. Overall working principle: During construction and use, the first pull-down member 904 and the second pull-down member 905, which are staggered in front and back, work together with the upper pull-up member 901 and the scissor-type telescopic frame 908 to provide stable support and restraint to the brick stack 202 from multiple directions, thereby ensuring the structural reliability of the temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen shaft. Overall technical effect: Through this optimized arrangement, the structural performance of the temporary lock is further improved, enabling it to better adapt to complex construction and use environments.

[0067] Example 3 The present embodiment proposes a construction method for a temporary lock of a sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft, comprising the following steps: excavating a wellhead after constructing a freezing groove 3; building a brick wall 8 on the inner wall of the wellhead, and placing a hollow slab 4 on the upper part of the freezing groove 3; tying a lock-up hanging 5 steel bar above the hollow slab 4, tying a temporary lock-up 201 steel bar on the inner wall side of the brick wall 8, and pouring concrete after the lock-up hanging 5 steel bar and the temporary lock-up 201 steel bar support the formwork to form an integrated lock-up hanging 5 and temporary lock-up 201; after partially symmetrically excavating the shaft below the temporary lock-up 201, building a brick pile 202 below the temporary lock-up 201 to support the temporary lock-up 201; after tying the lock-up extension 203 steel bar below the temporary lock-up 201 and supporting the formwork, pouring the lock-up extension 203, wherein the brick pile 202 is poured in the lock-up extension 203.

[0068] In the actual construction process: First, according to the design requirements and construction specifications, accurately construct the freezing trench 3. After completing the construction of the freezing trench 3, carefully excavate the wellhead. During the excavation process, pay close attention to the geological conditions to ensure construction safety.

[0069] The inner wall of the wellhead is built with brick walls 8 according to predetermined design and construction standards to enhance the stability and sealing of the structure. Meanwhile, a hollow plate 4 is reasonably placed on the top of the freezing groove 3 to ensure that its position is accurate and stable.

[0070] Carefully tie the inverted lock 5 steel bars above the hollow slab 4 to ensure that the arrangement of the steel bars meets the design requirements and the force requirements. Similarly, carefully tie the temporary lock 201 steel bars on the inner wall side of the brick wall 8, and then install the supporting formwork to ensure that the formwork is firm and flat. Finally, pour concrete into the formwork, and after curing and solidification, a firm and integrated inverted lock 5 and temporary lock 201 structure is formed.

[0071] Partial symmetrical shaft excavation is carried out below the temporary lock 201. After the excavation is completed, brick piles 202 are carefully laid below the temporary lock 201 according to the design layout to ensure that the brick piles 202 are accurately positioned and the masonry joints are full, which can effectively provide stable support for the temporary lock 201 and avoid sinking. The use of local and symmetrical excavation and brick wall technology avoids the freezing grooves and sinking of the temporary lock caused by the sand burst accident, ensures the construction quality, and improves the safety factor of the temporary lock construction.

[0072] Under the temporary lock 201, the steel bars of the lock extension 203 are tied to ensure that the arrangement and connection of the steel bars are firm and reliable. Then the supporting formwork is installed and the stability and sealing of the formwork are checked again. Finally, concrete is poured into the formwork to form the lock extension 203, so that the brick pile 202 is firmly poured into the lock extension 203 to form a complete and stable overall structure.

[0073] The advantages of this construction method are: the construction steps are clear and definite, and each link is closely connected, which can effectively improve the construction efficiency. Each step has clear construction standards and quality control points, which helps to ensure the construction quality and structural stability. It is achieved that in the process of pouring the temporary lock 201 with a total length of 8 to 10 meters in the sand layer section multiple times, the temporary lock 201 and the freezing groove 3 will not sink.

[0074] For example, in step S3, the quality of steel bar binding and template installation directly affects the bearing capacity and sealing of the lock mouth inversion 5 and the temporary lock mouth 201. During the entire construction process, strictly following the construction method can effectively avoid construction errors and quality problems, ensure the smooth completion of the temporary lock mouth of the sand layer section of the frozen shaft, and ensure the safety and stability of the shaft.

[0075] In terms of technical effects, this orderly construction method can effectively ensure the strength, stability and sealing of the temporary lock structure, meeting the requirements for the construction of the sand layer section of the frozen shaft. Overall construction principle: By gradually and orderly completing each construction step, the high-quality construction of the temporary lock of the sand layer section of the frozen shaft is achieved, providing a reliable foundation for the subsequent construction and use of the shaft. Overall technical effect: This construction method has high reliability and practicality, and can effectively deal with various technical difficulties in the construction of the sand layer section of the frozen shaft, ensuring the smooth progress and quality safety of the project.

[0076] Further, after the shaft is excavated partially and symmetrically below the locking mouth extension 203, a brick pile 202 is built below the locking mouth extension 203 to support the locking mouth extension 203; after the locking mouth extension 203 steel bars are tied below the locking mouth extension 203 and the formwork is supported, the locking mouth extension 203 is continuously cast; wherein, in step S1, step S4 and step S6, watering is used during excavation to reduce the temperature of the sand layer and speed up the freezing speed of the rubber ring in this section.

[0077] In the actual construction process: the shaft is excavated symmetrically below the lock-mouth extension 203, and then the brick pile 202 is built to support the lock-mouth extension 203. Water is also sprinkled during excavation to reduce the temperature of the sand layer and accelerate the freezing speed of the rubber ring. Steel bars are tied and formwork is supported below the lock-mouth extension 203, and the lock-mouth extension 203 is continued to be cast.

[0078] The advantages of this construction method are: the construction process is clear and the steps are closely connected, which is conducive to improving construction efficiency. The watering and cooling measures can effectively accelerate the formation of frozen rubber rings, enhance the stability of the sand layer, and ensure construction safety. Multiple local symmetrical excavations and the gradual construction of supporting structures ensure the stability and safety of the structure during the construction process.

[0079] For example, watering and cooling not only speeds up the freezing of the rubber ring, but also reduces the adverse effects of temperature changes on the sand layer. During the entire construction process, strictly following the requirements and standard operations of each step can effectively avoid construction problems and ensure the stability and reliability of the temporary lock structure.

[0080] According to the predetermined steps, excavation, support structure construction and concrete pouring are carried out step by step, and water sprinkling and cooling are used to accelerate the formation of frozen rubber rings, and finally a solid and reliable temporary lock structure is built. This construction method has good operability and reliability, can effectively cope with various challenges in construction, and ensure the smooth completion and quality of temporary lock construction of the sand layer section of the frozen shaft.

[0081] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure for temporarily locking the sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft, used for the wellhead anti-sinking construction of the vertical shaft, characterized in that: The invention comprises a permanent well wall (1), a locking structure (2) and a freezing groove (3) which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, wherein the locking structure (2) comprises: A temporary locking opening (201), the temporary locking opening (201) being annular and located between the permanent well wall (1) and the freezing groove (3); A brick stack (202), wherein the brick stack (202) is a plurality of brick stacks arranged in a circle and located below the brick stack (202) to support the temporary locking opening (201).

2. A structure for temporarily locking the sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Hollow plates (4), the hollow plates (4) being arranged in a plurality of circles and being arranged on the freezing groove (3) and located around the temporary locking opening (201); The locking mouth is hung upside down (5), the locking mouth is ring-shaped, is arranged on the hollow plate (4), and is an integrated reinforced concrete structure with the temporary locking mouth (201).

3. The structure for temporarily locking the sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: A cushion layer (6), the cushion layer (6) being arranged below the brick pile (202) to support the brick pile (202); A steel backing plate (7), wherein the steel backing plate (7) is arranged between the temporary locking opening (201) and the brick pile (202).

4. The structure for temporarily locking the sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: A brick wall (8), the brick wall (8) is annular and is arranged between the temporary locking opening (201) and the freezing groove (3).

5. The structure for temporarily locking the sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The locking structure (2) comprises: The lock mouth extension section (203) is arranged below the temporary lock mouth (201) and is an integrated reinforced concrete structure with the temporary lock mouth (201); the brick pile (202) is cast in the lock mouth extension section (203).

6. The structure for temporarily locking the sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A spacing space (204) is formed between two adjacent brick stacks (202), and further comprising: A support assembly (9), wherein the support assembly (9) is arranged in the spacing space (204) and abuts against the brick stack (202) in both the axial direction and the radial direction, and the support assembly (9) is used for pouring in concrete.

7. A structure for temporarily locking the sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two sides of the brick stack (202) along the circumference of the wellhead are defined as the left side and the right side, and the two sides in the radial direction are defined as the front and rear sides. The support assembly (9) includes: An upper pulling member (901), wherein the two ends of the upper pulling member (901) respectively have a first pulling portion (902) and a second pulling portion (903), wherein the first pulling portion (902) abuts against and pulls the left side of the brick stack (202), and the second pulling portion (903) abuts against and pulls the right side of another adjacent brick stack (202); A first pull-down member (904) and a second pull-down member (905), wherein the first pull-down member (904) and the second pull-down member (905) respectively have a first pull groove (906) and a second pull groove (907), one of the brick stacks (202) is clamped in the first pull groove (906), and another adjacent brick stack (202) is clamped in the second pull groove (907); A scissor-type telescopic frame (908), wherein the upper end of the scissor-type telescopic frame (908) is hinged to the upper pull member (901), one side of the lower end is hinged to the first lower pull member (904), and the other side of the lower end is hinged to the second lower pull member (905).

8. The structure for temporarily locking the sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two adjacent first pull-down members (904) are respectively located at the front side and the rear side of two adjacent brick stacks (202), and two adjacent second pull-down members (905) are respectively located at the front side and the rear side of two adjacent brick stacks (202).

9. A construction method for temporarily locking the sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, after constructing the freezing trench (3), excavating the wellhead; Step S2, building a brick wall (8) on the inner wall of the wellhead, and placing a hollow plate (4) on the upper part of the freezing groove (3); Step S3, tying the inverted locking mouth (5) steel bars on the top of the hollow slab (4), tying the temporary locking mouth (201) steel bars on the inner wall side of the brick wall (8), and pouring concrete after the inverted locking mouth (5) steel bars and the temporary locking mouth (201) steel bars support the formwork to form an integrated structure of the inverted locking mouth (5) and the temporary locking mouth (201); Step S4, after partially symmetrically excavating the shaft below the temporary locking opening (201), a brick pile (202) is built below the temporary locking opening (201) to support the temporary locking opening (201); Step S5, after tying the reinforcement of the lock mouth extension section (203) below the temporary lock mouth (201) and supporting the formwork, the lock mouth extension section (203) is cast, wherein the brick pile (202) is cast in the lock mouth extension section (203).

10. A construction method for temporarily locking the sand layer section of a frozen vertical shaft according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step S5 further includes the following steps: Step S6, after the shaft is excavated symmetrically below the locking extension section (203), a brick pile (202) is built below the locking extension section (203) to support the locking extension section (203); Step S7, after tying the steel bars of the lock-mouth extension section (203) below the lock-mouth extension section (203) and supporting the formwork, continue to cast the lock-mouth extension section (203); Among them, in step S1, step S4 and step S6, watering is used during excavation to reduce the temperature of the sand layer and accelerate the freezing speed of the rubber ring in this section.

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