Empty and load vehicle pressure adjusting valve and working method

Abstract

The invention discloses an empty and load vehicle pressure adjusting valve and a working method, solves the problem that in the prior art, a pressure adjusting valve pipeline is complex in arrangement, and has the beneficial effects that the pipeline is simplified, and the failure rate is reduced, and according to the specific scheme, the empty and load vehicle pressure adjusting valve comprises a first shell and a second shell; a middle body is arranged between the first shell and the second shell, a first pressure adjusting assembly is arranged in the second shell, a first cavity is formed in the pressure adjusting assembly, a second cavity is formed in the upper side of the first pressure adjusting assembly, a third cavity is formed between the second shell and the middle body, and a second pressure adjusting assembly is arranged between the middle body and the first shell. The lower side of the second cavity is communicated with the control valve, the upper side of the second cavity is communicated with a fourth cavity of the pressure adjusting valve, the bottom side of the first shell is communicated with a fifth cavity of the pressure adjusting valve, the upper side of the second cavity is further communicated with a sixth cavity, and the sixth cavity is communicated with the brake cylinder. The first pressure regulating assembly can move towards the second cavity to cut off a passage between the second cavity and the brake cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of trains, in particular to an empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] The automatic empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device can automatically adjust the pressure of the brake cylinder within a certain range according to the change of vehicle load, thereby effectively improving the braking performance of the vehicle and greatly reducing the range of change of the braking rate of the vehicle under different load conditions from empty to loaded. Freight cars with the empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device can reduce the longitudinal impact between vehicles in mixed trains during braking; avoid insufficient braking force of heavy vehicles or excessive braking force of empty vehicles, thereby reducing wheel rubbing failures, wheel wear and vehicle maintenance workload.

[0004] The existing empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device is a split design structure. The suppression plate, touch rod and other parts in the weighing mechanism are exposed to the outside, and there is a transition fit between the touch rod and the bushing. Due to the harsh vehicle operating environment, especially during rollover operations, the dust and debris raised are very likely to enter the space between the suppression plate touch rod and the bushing. The elastic force of the return spring cannot overcome the clamping force of the nylon sleeve and the suppression plate, causing the suppression plate to get stuck, resulting in the failure of the empty vehicle to be converted to a loaded vehicle.

[0005] The inventors have found the following problems: the empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device in the prior art has an unreasonable structural setting, resulting in a high failure rate; the empty and loaded vehicle adjustment device adopts a split design structure, which occupies a large space in the vehicle body and requires complex connecting pipelines, which is not conducive to the development of railway freight cars. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve, which is a new type of pressure regulating valve with simple principle, compact structure and reliable performance, and solves the problems of complex structure and high failure rate of the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A pressure regulating valve for an empty and loaded vehicle, comprising a first housing and a second housing, an intermediate body is arranged between the first housing and the second housing, a first pressure regulating assembly is arranged in the second housing, a first cavity is arranged in the pressure regulating assembly, a second cavity is arranged on the upper side of the first pressure regulating assembly, a third cavity is arranged between the second housing and the intermediate body, a second pressure regulating assembly is arranged between the intermediate body and the first housing, the lower side of the second cavity is communicated with a control valve, the control valve is connected to an air cylinder, the upper side of the second cavity is communicated with a fourth cavity of the pressure regulating valve, the bottom side of the first housing is communicated with a fifth cavity of the pressure regulating valve, the upper side of the second cavity is also communicated with a third cavity, and the lower side of the second cavity is communicated with a fourth cavity of the pressure regulating valve. The six cavities are connected, a sixth cavity is formed between the second shell and the third shell, the sixth cavity is connected to the brake cylinder, the first pressure regulating assembly can move toward the second cavity to cut off the passage between the second cavity and the brake cylinder, the upper side of the sixth cavity is the seventh cavity, the third pressure regulating assembly is arranged between the sixth cavity and the seventh cavity, the third pressure regulating assembly is connected to the fourth pressure regulating assembly, the fourth pressure regulating assembly can contact with the adjustment pad through the third shell, the adjustment pad is installed on the bogie, the third pressure regulating assembly can be opened to realize the opening of the sixth cavity and the seventh cavity, and one side of the seventh cavity is connected with the lower side of the second pressure regulating assembly.

[0009] The empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve as described above, wherein the second cavity comprises a first section and a second section, the first section is a horizontal section, the second section is a vertical upward section, the peripheral side of the first section protrudes upward, the height of the protruding part of the first section is less than the height of the second section, the second section is connected with the third cavity and the fourth cavity respectively through the first dark passage, and the second section is connected with the sixth cavity through the second dark passage;

[0010] An eighth cavity is arranged on one side of the seventh cavity, the eighth cavity is communicated with the lower side of the second pressure regulating assembly through a third blind passage, and the second section of the second cavity is communicated with the control valve through a fourth passage.

[0011] The above-mentioned empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve, wherein the first pressure regulating assembly comprises a pressure regulating piston, the pressure regulating piston is open, a first valve body is arranged at the open top of the pressure regulating piston, a first cavity is formed between the inside of the pressure regulating piston and the first valve body, a connecting elastic body is arranged in the first cavity, the connecting elastic body supports the first valve body, and an elastic body is arranged between the top side of the pressure regulating piston and the second cavity;

[0012] A first support portion is arranged on the peripheral side of the first valve body, and a first limit portion is arranged on the top side of the pressure regulating piston. Under the setting action of the connecting elastic body, the first limit portion limits the first support portion so that the first pressure regulating assembly is closed.

[0013] In the empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve as described above, the second pressure regulating assembly includes a support plate, a diaphragm is arranged on the peripheral side of the support plate, the outer side of the diaphragm is fixed between the intermediate body and the first shell, a ninth cavity is formed between the upper side of the support plate and the second shell, a tenth cavity is formed between the lower side of the support plate and the first shell, and the tenth cavity is connected to the seventh cavity and the fifth cavity respectively.

[0014] As described above, a pressure regulating valve for an empty and loaded vehicle, the third pressure regulating component includes a valve push rod, a second valve body is arranged in the sixth cavity, a valve elastomer is arranged circumferentially on the second valve body, the valve push rod is hollow, the hollow part on the top side of the valve push rod is reduced in diameter, the top side of the valve push rod contacts the upper surface of the second valve body, one side of the bent part is located above the hollow part of the valve push rod, the top side of the bent part and the top side of the valve push rod are spaced at a distance so that pressurized air can enter the hollow part of the valve push rod through the space therebetween to squeeze the second valve body downward, and the outer diameter of the second valve body is larger than the inner diameter of the hollow part on the top side of the valve push rod.

[0015] As described above, a pressure regulating valve for an empty and loaded vehicle, the fourth pressure regulating assembly includes a valve stem, the valve stem is connected to the second valve body, the valve stem is connected to the first touch rod through a bending piece, the first touch rod is arranged through the top side of the third shell, the first touch rod is movable relative to the second shell, the first touch rod is connected to the second touch rod through an adjusting nut, an end block is arranged on the top of the seventh cavity, a pressure regulating elastomer is arranged in the seventh cavity through the end block and the top side of the valve push rod, a restoring elastomer is arranged in the seventh cavity through the end block and the top side of the bending piece, the restoring elastomer is located on the inner side of the pressure regulating elastomer, and the second touch rod is provided with a vent channel connected to the seventh cavity.

[0016] A pressure regulating valve for an empty and loaded vehicle as described above, the pressure regulating valve comprises a pressure regulating valve housing, the pressure regulating valve housing is connected to the first housing, a display push rod is arranged inside the pressure regulating valve housing, the display push rod passes through the pressure regulating valve housing and is connected to a display board, a display elastomer is arranged between the display push rod and the pressure regulating valve housing, and the bottom side of the display board is hinged to the pressure regulating valve housing.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a working method of an empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve, comprising the following contents:

[0018] The pressurized air in the air cylinder enters the second cavity through the control valve;

[0019] The pressurized air enters the first cavity through the first pressure regulating assembly, and is divided into three paths after passing through the second cavity: one path leads to the brake cylinder, one path leads to the third cavity and the fourth cavity, and one path leads to the sixth cavity;

[0020] Under the action of the pressurized air, the third pressure regulating assembly pushes the fourth pressure regulating assembly upward until the fourth pressure regulating assembly contacts the adjustment pad. At this time, the third pressure regulating assembly opens, and the pressurized air in the brake cylinder also enters the sixth cavity. The pressurized air enters the lower side of the second pressure regulating assembly from the sixth cavity and the seventh cavity.

[0021] The air pressure at the lower side of the second pressure regulating assembly gradually increases, and the air pressure in the third cavity gradually increases. After they respectively increase to the set values, they push the first pressure regulating assembly to move upward, cutting off the passage between the second cavity and the brake cylinder.

[0022] The working method of the empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve as described above also includes the following contents:

[0023] When the load of the vehicle increases and the spring deflection of the bogie is greater than H, the limit valve descends with the bogie, while the position of the adjusting plate does not change, the stroke between the fourth pressure regulating assembly and the adjusting plate increases, and the pressure of the pressure regulating elastomer increases accordingly. When the pressure reaches equilibrium, the pressurized air entering the seventh cavity on the lower side of the second pressure regulating assembly will decrease, and the passage between the second cavity and the brake cylinder will gradually increase. The brake cylinder pressure gradually increases with the increase of the vehicle load.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a working method of an empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve, which also includes the following contents:

[0025] When the vehicle is in a heavy position, due to the increase in the deflection of the bogie spring, when the distance between the fourth pressure regulating assembly and the support pad exceeds the stroke of the fourth pressure regulating assembly, the fourth pressure regulating assembly cannot contact the support pad, the second pressure regulating assembly moves upward all the time, the passages of the sixth cavity and the seventh cavity are closed, and the air cylinder only charges the brake cylinder through the control valve and the second cavity;

[0026] When the driver implements the air filling relief, the control valve is activated, its brake hole is switched to the atmosphere, the second cavity is connected to the atmosphere, and the pressurized air in the brake cylinder and the sixth cavity pushes the first valve body downward, so that the first cavity is connected to the control valve, and the pressurized air is released to the atmosphere, and the vehicle is relieved.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1) The present invention integrates the empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve into one body through the first shell, the second shell and the intermediate body, adopts an integrated structural design, has a compact structure and a relatively simple working principle. The pressure regulating valve is arranged on the bottom side of the first shell, thereby reducing the number of pipeline connections and the risk of leakage, thereby solving the problem of the existing split-type design occupying a large space in the vehicle body layout, requiring complex connecting pipelines and pipeline leakage.

[0029] 2) In the present invention, the brake pressure can be adjusted when the vehicle is unloaded or heavily loaded through the rational arrangement of multiple cavities as a whole, the suppression disk is eliminated, and the exposed parts such as the spring and the touch rod are designed in the pressure regulating valve to form a closed structure, thereby avoiding the influence of dust and debris, improving the pressure adjustment performance, and solving the problem of high failure rate in the prior art.

[0030] 3) In the present invention, an eighth cavity is arranged on the side of the seventh cavity, and the eighth cavity is a pressure-reducing cavity, which improves the overall pressure adjustment performance.

[0031] 4) The structure of the pressure regulating valve in the present invention is reasonably arranged. The fourth cavity and the fifth cavity are arranged in the pressure regulating valve. The fourth cavity is communicated with the brake cylinder. The fifth cavity is communicated with the eighth cavity through the tenth cavity. In the relief state, the display push rod does not move. In the braking state, as the vehicle load increases, the pressure in the eighth cavity decreases and the pressure in the brake cylinder increases. In this way, the position of the display push rod is changed to achieve a change in the flipping angle of the display sign, which is convenient for the staff to intuitively observe the braking condition.

[0032] 5) The fourth voltage regulating assembly of the present invention is provided with an adjusting nut, and the distance between the two contact rods is adjusted by adjusting the nut, thereby adjusting the distance between the contact rod and the adjusting pad. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0034] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of an empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve according to one or more embodiments. Figure 1 .

[0035] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of an empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve according to one or more embodiments. Figure 2 .

[0036] In the figure: the distances or sizes between parts are exaggerated to show the positions of various parts, and the schematic diagram is for reference only.

[0037] Among them: 1. pressure regulating valve, 2. adjusting pad, 105. valve push rod, 106. valve elastic body, 107. valve body, 108. elastic body, 109. first valve body, 110. pressure regulating piston, 111. status display board, 112. push pressure regulating push rod, 113. display push rod, 114. display elastic body, 115. diaphragm, 116. intermediate body, 117. first touch rod, 118. recovery elastic body, 119. pressure regulating elastic body, 120. adjusting nut, 121. second touch rod , 122, connecting elastic body, 202, the eighth cavity, 203, the fifth secret passage, 204, the second secret passage, 205, the first secret passage, 206, the third secret passage, 207, the fourth secret passage, 208, the air venting channel, 301, the sixth cavity, 302, the seventh cavity, 303, the second cavity, 304, the third cavity, 305, the fourth cavity, 306, the fifth cavity, 307, the first cavity, 308, the fourth pressure regulating assembly, 501, the air cylinder, 502 the control valve, 503, the brake cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless otherwise explicitly stated in the present invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof;

[0040] As introduced in the background technology, the existing empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve has the problem of complex structure. In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention proposes an empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve.

[0041] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, a pressure regulating valve for an empty and loaded vehicle comprises a first shell and a second shell, an intermediate body is arranged between the first shell and the second shell, a first pressure regulating assembly is arranged in the second shell, a first cavity 307 is arranged in the pressure regulating assembly, a second cavity 303 is arranged on the upper side of the first pressure regulating assembly, a third cavity 304 is arranged between the second shell and the intermediate body, a second pressure regulating assembly is arranged between the intermediate body and the first shell, the lower side of the second cavity 303 is communicated with the control valve 502, the upper side of the second cavity is communicated with the fourth cavity 305 of the pressure regulating valve 1, the bottom side of the first shell is communicated with the fifth cavity 306, the upper side of the second cavity 303 is also communicated with the sixth cavity 301, and a cavity 307 is formed between the second shell and the third shell. The sixth cavity 301 is connected to the brake cylinder 503, the first pressure regulating assembly can move toward the second cavity to cut off the passage between the second cavity 303 and the brake cylinder 503, the upper side of the sixth cavity 301 is the seventh cavity 302, the third pressure regulating assembly is arranged between the sixth cavity 301 and the seventh cavity 302, the third pressure regulating assembly is connected to the fourth pressure regulating assembly, the fourth pressure regulating assembly can contact with the adjustment pad 2 through the third shell, the adjustment pad 2 is installed on the bogie, the third pressure regulating assembly can be opened to realize the opening of the sixth cavity 301 and the seventh cavity 302, the eighth cavity 202 is arranged on one side of the seventh cavity 302, and the eighth cavity 202 is connected to the lower side of the second pressure regulating assembly.

[0042] Among them, the first pressure regulating component includes a pressure regulating piston 110, the pressure regulating piston 110 is provided with a first cavity 307, the first valve body 109 is provided at the open part of the first cavity 307, a connecting elastomer 122 is provided in the first cavity 307, the connecting elastomer 122 is provided between the first valve body 109 and the pressure regulating piston 110, one end of the connecting elastomer 122 is connected to the first valve body 109, and the other end of the connecting elastomer 122 is connected to the first cavity 307, and the second cavity 303 is located at the upper end of the first valve body 109, and the connection and disconnection with the first cavity 307 can be controlled by adjusting the change in the position of the first valve body 109.

[0043] Specifically, a first support portion is provided on the circumferential side of the first valve body 109, and an annular first limiting portion is provided on the top side of the pressure regulating piston. The first support portion is specifically an annular support plate, and the second limiting portion is specifically an annular limiting plate. Under the setting action of the connecting elastic body 122, the first limiting portion limits the first support portion so that the first valve body 109 contacts the pressure regulating piston 110. A convex portion is provided on one side of the first valve body 109 facing the connecting elastic body 122, and one side of the connecting elastic body 122 is sleeved on the annular direction of the convex portion.

[0044] Moreover, a recess is provided inside the first cavity 307 to accommodate the other side of the coupling elastic body 122 .

[0045] It should be noted that the cross-section of the second cavity is an inverted T-shape, and the second cavity includes a first section and a second section. The first section is a horizontal section, and the second section is a vertical upward section. The peripheral side of the first section protrudes upward, and the height of the protruding part of the first section is smaller than the height of the second section. The pressure regulating piston 110 is provided with a groove on the peripheral side of the first valve body to support the elastomer 108 at the upward protruding part of the first section of the second cavity 303.

[0046] A downward convex portion is provided at a place of the second section near the first valve body, and the convex portion is specifically a convex ring, which can contact the first valve body. When the convex portion contacts the upper surface of the first valve body, the channel between the first section and the second section of the second cavity is closed.

[0047] The first section of the second cavity is connected to the control valve 502 through the fourth dark channel 207, and the control valve 502 is connected to the air cylinder 501;

[0048] It is easy to understand that the second section of the second cavity 303 is connected to the third cavity 304 and the fourth cavity 305 through the first dark channel 205, the third cavity 304 is located below the pressure regulating piston 110, and the diameter of the third cavity 304 is greater than the diameter of the pressure regulating piston 110;

[0049] Among them, the fourth cavity 305 is located below the third cavity 304, and the display elastomer 114 is set between the fourth cavity 305 and the fifth cavity 306. One end of the display elastomer 114 extends out of the first shell and is connected to the status display board 111. The display elastomer 114 is circumferentially arranged with a display push rod 113. The fourth cavity 305 changes the display state of the status display board 111 by adjusting the position of the fifth cavity 306.

[0050] It should be noted that the second pressure regulating assembly includes a support plate, a diaphragm 115 is arranged on the peripheral side of the support plate, the outer side of the diaphragm 115 is fixed between the intermediate body 116 and the first shell, a ninth cavity is formed between the upper side of the support plate and the second shell, a tenth cavity is formed between the lower side of the support plate and the first shell, the tenth cavity is connected with the seventh cavity and the fifth cavity respectively, a pressure regulating push rod 112 is connected between the support plate and the upper pressure regulating piston 110, the pressure regulating push rod 112 is arranged through the support plate, the fifth cavity 306 is connected with the tenth cavity on its upper side, the tenth cavity is connected with the eighth cavity 202 through the third dark channel, the eighth cavity 202 is a pressure reducing cavity, the eighth cavity 202 is located on one side of the seventh cavity 302, and the top side of the eighth cavity is connected with the seventh cavity 302 through the sixth dark channel 201.

[0051] The second section of the second cavity 303 is connected to the sixth cavity 301 through the second secret passage 204. The sixth cavity 301 is located on the upper side of the second cavity 303. The second secret passage 204 shares a section with the first secret passage 205. The fifth secret passage 203 is arranged on the top side of the second secret passage 204. The fifth secret passage 203 is connected to the sixth cavity 301 and is also connected to the brake cylinder 503.

[0052] refer to Figure 1 As shown, a sixth cavity 301 and a seventh cavity 302 are arranged on the top side of the second shell, the seventh cavity 302 is located on the upper side of the sixth cavity 301, a valve push rod 105 is arranged between the sixth cavity 301 and the seventh cavity 302, and the third pressure regulating assembly includes a second valve body 107 arranged in the sixth cavity 301, and a valve elastomer 106 is arranged in an annular direction of the second valve body 107; the bottom side of the valve push rod 105 can cooperate with the second shell, and when the air pressure inside the seventh cavity 302 is greater than the air pressure inside the sixth cavity, the valve push rod 105 is pushed to move downward and cooperate with the second shell to close the connection between the fifth channel 203 and the sixth cavity 301.

[0053] An end block is arranged on the top of the seventh cavity, a pressure regulating elastic body 119 is arranged in the seventh cavity through the end block and the top side of the valve push rod 105, a restoring elastic body 118 is arranged in the seventh cavity through the end block and the top side of the bending piece, and the restoring elastic body 118 is located on the inner side of the pressure regulating elastic body 119, the valve stem is connected with the second valve body 107, the valve stem is connected with the first touch rod 117 through the bending piece, the first touch rod 117 is arranged through the top side of the third shell, the first touch rod 117 is movable relative to the second shell, the first touch rod 117 is connected with the second touch rod 121 through the adjusting nut 120, and the distance between the first touch rod 117 and the second touch rod 121 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut 120, a vent channel 208 is arranged on the inner side of the first touch rod 117 and the second touch rod 121, the vent channel 208 on the inner side of the first touch rod is connected with the seventh cavity 302, and the outer side of the vent channel is connected with the air.

[0054] In addition, a gap is provided between the top end of the second feeler rod and the adjustment pad 2 .

[0055] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, when the vehicle is in the unoccupied relief position, the gap between the second feeler rod 121 and the adjustment pad 2 is H. When the driver implements the decompression brake, the pressurized air of the air cylinder 501 enters the second cavity 303 through the control valve 502 and the fourth dark channel 207. At this time, the passage between the first cavity 307 and the second cavity 303 is opened, and the pressurized air of the air cylinder also enters the first cavity 303. After passing through the second cavity 303, the pressurized air is divided into three passages, one of which is to the brake cylinder 503 through the second dark channel 204 and the fifth dark channel 203, one is to the third cavity 304 and the fourth cavity 305 through the first dark channel 205, and the other is to the sixth cavity 301 through the fifth dark channel 203. Under the action of the pressurized air, the second valve body 107 pushes the valve push rod 105 to move upward, thereby pushing the valve stem, the first feeler rod and the second feeler rod to move upward until the second feeler rod 121 contacts the adjustment pad 2, and then the second valve body 107 stops moving. Under the action of the pressurized air, the valve push rod 105 continues to move upward. It moves upward. At this time, the sixth cavity 301 is connected with the seventh cavity 302, and the pressurized air enters the eighth cavity 202. The pressurized air in the eighth cavity 202 enters the lower side of the diaphragm 115 through the third secret passage 206. When the air pressure in the eighth cavity 202 and the lower side of the diaphragm 115 rises to the set value, it works together with the third cavity 304 to push the pressure regulating push rod 112, the pressure regulating piston 110 and the first valve body 109 to move upward, so that the passage between the second cavity 303 and the brake cylinder 503 is closed. At this time, the air cylinder 501 no longer inflates the brake cylinder 503. When the pressure of the brake cylinder 503 is balanced with that of the eighth cavity 202, the restoring elastomer 118 and the pressure regulating elastomer 119 work together to push the valve push rod 105 to move downward, closing the passage between the sixth cavity 301 and the seventh cavity 302. The pressure in the eighth cavity 202 stops rising, and the pressure in the brake cylinder 503 no longer changes.

[0056] When the vehicle load increases and the bogie spring deflection is greater than H, the limit valve descends with the bogie bolster, while the position of the adjustment pad 2 on the side frame does not change, so the distance between the second touch rod 121 and the adjustment pad 2 increases, and the pressure of the pressure regulating elastic body 119 also increases. When the pressure reaches equilibrium, the pressurized air entering the eighth cavity 202 will decrease, and the pressure of the brake cylinder 503 will gradually increase with the increase of the vehicle load.

[0057] When the vehicle is in the heavy position, due to the increase in the deflection of the bogie spring, when the distance between the second touch rod 121 and the support plate 2 exceeds the stroke of the first touch rod and the second touch rod, the second touch rod 121 cannot touch the support plate 2 at all times, and the second valve body 107 keeps pushing the valve push rod 105 upward, the passages of the sixth cavity 301 and the seventh cavity 302 are closed, the pressure of the eighth cavity 202 is 0, the air cylinder 501 only charges the brake cylinder 503 through the second secret passage 204, the first valve body 109 is closed, and the pressure of the brake cylinder 503 remains unchanged.

[0058] When the driver implements air filling and relief, the control valve 502 is activated, and its brake hole is switched to open to the atmosphere, the second cavity 307 is connected to the atmosphere through the fourth dark channel 207, and the brake cylinder 503 and the pressure air of the sixth cavity 301 push the first valve body 109 to move downward, so that the first cavity 307 is connected to the fourth dark channel 207, so that the pressure air is connected to the atmosphere, and the vehicle is relieved. Under the action of the pressure air in the eighth cavity 202, the valve push rod 105 drives the second touch rod 121 to descend, and the pressure air in the eighth cavity 202 is discharged to the atmosphere through the seventh cavity 302 and the air release channel 208.

[0059] The fifth cavity 306 is always in communication with the eighth cavity 202, and the fourth cavity 305 is in communication with the brake cylinder 503. In the relief state, since the pressures of the brake cylinder 503 and the eighth cavity 202 are the same as the atmosphere, the display push rod 113 is retracted into the pressure regulating valve housing under the action of the display elastic body 114, and the indicator plate 111 is turned down;

[0060] In the braking state, when the vehicle is empty, the pressures on the left and right sides of the push rod 113 are equal, the push rod 113 does not move, and the sign 111 flips down; as the vehicle load increases, the pressure in the eighth cavity 202 decreases and the pressure in the brake cylinder 503 increases, the pressure on the right side of the push rod 113 exceeds the pressure on the left side, and the push rod 113 is pushed out a set distance, the elastic body is compressed, the pressure increases, the push rod 113 is rebalanced left and right, and the sign 111 flips up at a certain angle; the heavier the vehicle load, the greater the angle at which the sign 111 flips up, until it flips up 90 degrees when the vehicle is in a heavy position, and thus the flipping of the sign 111 changes continuously within the range of 0 to 90 degrees within the brake cylinder pressure range from empty to heavy.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first shell and a second shell, an intermediate body is arranged between the first shell and the second shell, a first pressure regulating assembly is arranged in the second shell, a first cavity is arranged in the pressure regulating assembly, a second cavity is arranged on the upper side of the first pressure regulating assembly, a third cavity is arranged between the second shell and the intermediate body, a second pressure regulating assembly is arranged between the intermediate body and the first shell, the lower side of the second cavity is communicated with a control valve, the control valve is connected with the air cylinder, the upper side of the second cavity is communicated with a fourth cavity of the pressure regulating valve, the bottom side of the first shell is communicated with a fifth cavity of the pressure regulating valve, and the upper side of the second cavity is also communicated with a sixth cavity A sixth cavity is formed between the second shell and the third shell, the sixth cavity is connected to the brake cylinder, the first pressure regulating assembly can move toward the second cavity to cut off the passage between the second cavity and the brake cylinder, the upper side of the sixth cavity is the seventh cavity, the third pressure regulating assembly is arranged between the sixth cavity and the seventh cavity, the third pressure regulating assembly is connected to the fourth pressure regulating assembly, the fourth pressure regulating assembly can contact the adjustment pad through the third shell, the adjustment pad is installed on the bogie, the third pressure regulating assembly can be opened to realize the opening of the sixth cavity and the seventh cavity, and one side of the seventh cavity is connected to the lower side of the second pressure regulating assembly.

2. The empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cavity includes a first section and a second section, the first section is a horizontal section, the second section is a vertical upward section, the peripheral side of the first section protrudes upward, the height of the protruding part of the first section is less than the height of the second section, the second section is connected with the third cavity and the fourth cavity respectively through the first dark passage, and the second section is connected with the sixth cavity through the second dark passage; An eighth cavity is arranged on one side of the seventh cavity, the eighth cavity is communicated with the lower side of the second pressure regulating assembly through a third blind passage, and the second section of the second cavity is communicated with the control valve through a fourth passage.

3. The empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pressure regulating assembly includes a pressure regulating piston, which is open, and a first valve body is arranged at the open top of the pressure regulating piston, and a first cavity is formed between the inside of the pressure regulating piston and the first valve body, and a connecting elastic body is arranged in the first cavity to support the first valve body, and an elastic body is arranged between the top side of the pressure regulating piston and the second cavity; A first support portion is arranged on the peripheral side of the first valve body, and a first limit portion is arranged on the top side of the pressure regulating piston. Under the setting action of the connecting elastic body, the first limit portion limits the first support portion so that the first pressure regulating assembly is closed.

4. The empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second voltage regulating assembly includes a support plate, a diaphragm is arranged on the peripheral side of the support plate, the outer side of the diaphragm is fixed between the intermediate body and the first shell, a ninth cavity is formed between the upper side of the support plate and the second shell, a tenth cavity is formed between the lower side of the support plate and the first shell, and the tenth cavity is connected to the seventh cavity and the fifth cavity respectively.

5. The empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third pressure regulating component includes a valve push rod, a second valve body is arranged in the sixth cavity, a valve elastomer is arranged circumferentially on the second valve body, the valve push rod is hollow, the hollow part on the top side of the valve push rod is reduced in diameter, the top side of the valve push rod is in contact with the upper surface of the second valve body, and one side of the bent part is located above the hollow part of the valve push rod.

6. The empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fourth pressure regulating assembly includes a valve stem, which is connected to the second valve body, and the valve stem is connected to the first touch rod through the bending piece, the first touch rod is arranged through the top side of the third shell, the first touch rod is movable relative to the second shell, the first touch rod is connected to the second touch rod through an adjusting nut, an end block is arranged on the top of the seventh cavity, a pressure regulating elastomer is arranged in the seventh cavity through the end block and the top side of the valve push rod, a restoring elastomer is arranged in the seventh cavity through the end block and the top side of the bending piece, the restoring elastomer is located on the inner side of the pressure regulating elastomer, and the second touch rod is provided with a venting channel connected to the seventh cavity.

7. The empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure regulating valve includes a pressure regulating valve housing, which is connected to the first housing. A display push rod is arranged inside the pressure regulating valve housing, which passes through the pressure regulating valve housing and is connected to a display board. A display elastomer is arranged between the display push rod and the pressure regulating valve housing, and the bottom side of the display board is hinged to the pressure regulating valve housing.

8. A method for operating an empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes the following: The pressurized air in the air cylinder enters the second cavity through the control valve; The pressurized air enters the first cavity through the first pressure regulating assembly, and is divided into three paths after passing through the second cavity: one path leads to the brake cylinder, one path leads to the third cavity and the fourth cavity, and one path leads to the sixth cavity; Under the action of the pressurized air, the third pressure regulating assembly pushes the fourth pressure regulating assembly upward until the fourth pressure regulating assembly contacts the adjustment pad. At this time, the third pressure regulating assembly opens, and the pressurized air in the brake cylinder also enters the sixth cavity. The pressurized air enters the lower side of the second pressure regulating assembly from the sixth cavity and the seventh cavity. The air pressure at the lower side of the second pressure regulating assembly gradually increases, and the air pressure in the third cavity gradually increases. After they respectively increase to the set values, they push the first pressure regulating assembly to move upward, cutting off the passage between the second cavity and the brake cylinder.

9. The operating method of an empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes the following: When the load of the vehicle increases and the spring deflection of the bogie is greater than H, the limit valve descends with the bogie, while the position of the adjusting plate does not change, the stroke between the fourth pressure regulating assembly and the adjusting plate increases, and the pressure of the pressure regulating elastomer increases accordingly. When the pressure reaches equilibrium, the pressurized air entering the seventh cavity on the lower side of the second pressure regulating assembly will decrease, and the passage between the second cavity and the brake cylinder will gradually increase. The brake cylinder pressure gradually increases with the increase of the vehicle load.

10. The operating method of an empty and loaded vehicle pressure regulating valve according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes the following: When the vehicle is in a heavy position, due to the increase in the deflection of the bogie spring, when the distance between the fourth pressure regulating assembly and the support pad exceeds the stroke of the fourth pressure regulating assembly, the fourth pressure regulating assembly cannot contact the support pad, the second pressure regulating assembly moves upward all the time, the passages of the sixth cavity and the seventh cavity are closed, and the air cylinder only charges the brake cylinder through the control valve and the second cavity; When the driver implements the air filling relief, the control valve is activated, its brake hole is switched to the atmosphere, the second cavity is connected to the atmosphere, and the pressurized air in the brake cylinder and the sixth cavity pushes the first valve body downward, so that the first cavity is connected to the control valve, and the pressurized air is released to the atmosphere, and the vehicle is relieved.

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