Combination valve of high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder for fuel cell automobile

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve for a fuel cell automobile, which comprises a valve body, and a pilot electromagnetic valve, a manual stop valve, a manual pressure release valve, a temperature-sensing pressure release valve, an overflow valve and a one-way valve which are arranged on the valve body, a pressure sensor interface is arranged on the left side of the valve body, and a gas inlet and outlet interface is arranged at the bottom of the valve body; a temperature sensing pressure release valve connector is arranged on the right side of the valve body, a valve body mounting hole for connecting and mounting the valve and a gas cylinder is formed in the front face of the valve body, a valve gas cylinder connector is arranged on the back face of the valve body, and a pressure release guide pipe, a filling guide pipe and a gas supply guide pipe are arranged in the valve gas cylinder connector. The high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder valve is particularly suitable for being applied to a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system of a fuel cell vehicle, and a better scheme is provided for integration of an existing high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder valve. The hydrogen storage system is high in integration level, modules needing manual operation are integrated on the top of the valve body, operation and feedback are facilitated, meanwhile, the structural design of a flow channel in the valve body and all the modules is novel, and the reliability and safety of the hydrogen storage system are effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of integrated development of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage bottle valves, and in particular to a high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle combined valve for a fuel cell vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and sustainable new energy, hydrogen energy has been gradually valued and developed rapidly. Fuel cell vehicles, as an important scenario for hydrogen energy application, have been popularized to a certain extent. However, in the on-board hydrogen system, the bottle valve, as an important component of the vehicle's hydrogen storage and supply system, still has certain difficulties in development and design, especially at the 70MPa high-pressure level. First, the integration of the bottle valve is difficult. A large number of modules are integrated inside its valve body. The 35MPa bottle valve is connected to the gas cylinder through a 2-inch stud, while the 70MPa bottle valve has only a 1.5-inch stud to connect the gas cylinder. It is difficult to design the flow channels and accessories that communicate inside and outside the bottle on such a small-diameter stud; secondly, the operability of the bottle valve on the market is poor. The modules that require manual operation are mostly scattered around the valve body of the bottle valve, and some modules, such as the manual pressure relief valve, are limited by the structural design and are required to have life and operation restrictions; finally, the reliability of the work, the rationality of the arrangement of each module and each flow channel inside the bottle valve, also affects the hydrogen safety of the whole vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a combination valve for a high-pressure gas cylinder for a fuel cell vehicle. The combination valve has a compact structure, an external pilot solenoid valve, and a manual shut-off valve and a manual pressure relief valve are designed to be of the same structure that can be used stably. The combination valve integrates the position that requires manual operation on the upper end face of the valve body through a reasonable flow channel arrangement, which effectively improves the operating efficiency and reliability. At the same time, the combination valve designed by the present invention is also fully designed and verified in terms of sealing and pressure bearing, so that the safety of hydrogen storage is effectively guaranteed. The various modules of the combination valve designed by the present invention, such as the pilot solenoid valve, are simple and compact, and each module is easy to maintain. Compared with the traditional combination valve design, it has certain advantages, so that the development of the hydrogen storage combination valve expands the thinking, provides a strong guarantee for the hydrogen system of the whole vehicle, and can effectively solve the technical problems in the background technology.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the above technical problems: a combined valve for a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder for a fuel cell vehicle, comprising a valve body and a pilot solenoid valve, a manual stop valve, a manual pressure relief valve, a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve, a relief valve and a one-way valve arranged on the valve body, wherein a pressure sensor interface is arranged on the left side of the valve body, an air inlet and outlet interface is arranged on the bottom of the valve body, a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve interface is arranged on the right side of the valve body, a valve body mounting hole for connecting and installing the valve to the cylinder is arranged on the front side of the valve body, a valve cylinder connector is arranged on the back side of the valve body, and a pressure relief conduit, a filling conduit and a supply conduit are arranged inside the valve cylinder connector. Air conduit; the valve body is provided with an inlet and outlet main road, a first branch road, a second branch road and a third branch road, one end of the inlet and outlet main road is connected with the inlet and outlet interface, a filter II and a manual stop valve are provided on the inlet and outlet main road, wherein the filter II is adjacent to the inlet and outlet interface, the inlet and outlet main road between the filter II and the manual stop valve is connected with the third branch road, the other end of the third branch road is connected with the pressure relief conduit to form a pressure relief branch road, a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve and a manual pressure relief valve are provided in sequence along the gas delivery direction on the third branch road, a thermistor is provided on the pressure relief conduit, and the thermistor is connected to the pressure relief conduit through a lead connector and a wiring harness The outlet valve body is used to measure the temperature in the gas cylinder. The manual pressure relief valve is opened to allow the gas in the gas cylinder to enter the main inlet and outlet gas circuits and be discharged outside the gas cylinder; the other end of the manual stop valve is connected to the first branch and the second branch respectively, and the other end of the first branch is connected to the gas supply conduit to form a gas supply branch. The gas supply branch is provided with an overflow valve, a filter I and a pilot solenoid valve in sequence along the gas delivery direction, wherein the overflow valve and the filter I are integrated in the gas supply conduit, and the gas in the gas cylinder passes through the overflow valve, the filter I, the pilot solenoid valve, the front end of the manual stop valve and the filter II in sequence to realize external gas supply; the other end of the second branch It is connected with the filling conduit to form a filling branch, on which a one-way valve is provided, which is integrated in the filling conduit. When the manual stop valve is opened, an external gas source fills gas into the gas cylinder through the one-way valve. A process channel I is connected between the manual pressure relief valve and the filter II, and the other end of the process channel I is connected to the pressure sensor interface. One end of the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve is connected to the third branch, and the other end of the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve is connected to the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve interface through the process channel II. The pilot solenoid valve coil, wiring harness, temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve, manual stop valve and operating parts of the manual pressure relief valve are integrated on the top of the valve body.

[0005] Furthermore, the portion of the valve cylinder connector that enters the cylinder is provided with threads and multiple grooves, and an O-ring and a retaining ring are sequentially provided in the groove along the direction from the inside of the cylinder to the outside of the cylinder.

[0006] Furthermore, the pilot solenoid valve adopts a step-by-step design, which is mainly composed of a solenoid valve housing and a valve core. The valve core is connected to the pilot head through a bottom hook lock mechanism to form a whole, which is used to open the micropores and the main hole in sequence and in steps. A copper pad is provided at the bottom of the pilot head, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the copper pad to form a seal with the pilot head. A pilot hole is provided in the middle of the pilot head, and a sealing head is provided inside the valve core. The sealing head is fastened to the inside of the valve core by screws, and the upper part of the screw is connected to the end cover by a spring. The end cover is axially sealed and connected as a whole through an O-ring and a valve core sleeve. The valve core sleeve presses the copper pad downward by a thread and is connected to the valve body through an O-ring to achieve radial peripheral static sealing. The valve core, screws, and sealing head are connected as a whole inside the valve core sleeve, which is used to pull the pilot head up and down. Outside the valve core sleeve is a winding composed of a coil skeleton, a coil, and a coil protective shell from the inside to the outside, and finally the coil cover and the shielding shell of the coil sleeve are arranged inside for magnetic protection.

[0007] Furthermore, the manual stop valve and the manual pressure relief valve have the same structure and parallel axes and are arranged inside the valve body, and their operating mechanisms are arranged on the top of the valve body; the sealing surface of the manual stop valve is located on the main inlet and outlet air paths, and the sealing surface of the manual pressure relief valve is located on the pressure relief branch on the side of the main inlet and outlet air paths; the operating mechanisms of the manual stop valve and the manual pressure relief valve are hexagonal countersunk holes with hexagonal wrenches, which provide positive pressure to the lower sealing surface through thread torque; the manual stop valve is mainly composed of a valve cover, a valve bonnet, a valve sleeve and a sealing rod; the valve cover and the valve sleeve share the valve body thread, and a valve sleeve is arranged on the top There is a hexagonal countersunk hole for torque operation. The outer circle of the top of the valve sleeve is connected to the valve bonnet through a reverse thread. A symmetrical countersunk hole is arranged on the top of the valve bonnet for tightening torque with a double-pin wrench. The sealing rod is installed in the valve sleeve through a clamp through the hole. A thin gasket is used to compensate for the gap in the height direction of the clamp on the top. A groove is arranged in the middle of the sealing rod. A retaining ring and an O-ring are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the groove to achieve radial peripheral static sealing. The bottom of the sealing rod has a sealing surface connected to the branch sealing port to achieve sealing isolation. The bottom of the valve bonnet is in contact with the threaded table of the valve sleeve to achieve limit anti-detachment and status identification.

[0008] Furthermore, the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve is in the form of a glass ball, which is placed vertically with the pointed end of the glass ball facing downward, and a glass ball base is arranged at the bottom of the glass ball. The base achieves high-pressure sealing through two radial peripheral grooves and O-rings and retaining rings in the grooves. There is a pressure relief valve cover on the top of the glass ball, and the pressure relief valve cover supports the spherical surface of the glass ball through threads. The pressure relief valve cover, glass ball and glass ball base are arranged in the pressure relief valve seat from top to bottom in sequence, and two radial peripheral grooves and O-rings and retaining rings in the grooves are also arranged at the bottom of the pressure relief valve seat to achieve high-pressure sealing. An external thread is arranged in the middle of the pressure relief valve seat for installing the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve to the valve body, and a waist hole is milled in the middle of the thread for releasing the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder after the glass ball breaks.

[0009] Furthermore, the one-way valve is mainly composed of a one-way valve seat, a one-way valve core and a one-way valve support. The top of the one-way valve seat is sealed radially and peripherally by an O-ring and a double retaining ring, and is installed in the valve body by a straight thread. A sealing hole leading to the second branch is arranged at the bottom of the one-way valve seat. A one-way valve core is arranged on one side of the sealing hole of the one-way valve seat. The one-way valve core is made of modified polyetheretherketone material, and one side connected to the sealing hole is a spherical surface. Four vent holes are arranged around the spherical surface at 90° intervals for connecting The one-way valve core has a countersunk hole at the bottom, and a groove is arranged on the outer periphery of the one-way valve core. The groove is filled with a guide ring to protect the one-way valve core from excessive wear and guide weak sealing. A table is arranged at the bottom of the one-way valve core to fix a spring, and the other end of the spring is connected to the upper end face of the one-way valve support. The one-way valve support is fixed to the side of the valve body close to the bottle by a straight thread and the end face is sealed by an O-ring. A filling conduit is connected to the bottom surface of the one-way valve support and extends into the bottle to ensure uniform temperature distribution in the bottle during the filling process.

[0010] Furthermore, the overflow valve and filter I are encapsulated as a whole inside the air supply duct, and the overflow valve is mainly composed of an intake end cover, an overflow valve disc and an overflow valve seat. The overflow valve disc is made of modified polyetheretherketone, and the overflow valve disc is connected to the intake valve cover on one side and has 90° transverse through holes on all sides for diversion, a limited flow opening in the middle, and the other end of the overflow valve disc is connected to the overflow valve seat through a spring; the filter I is mainly composed of a filter housing, a sintered filter element and a guide seat, the overflow valve seat fixes the sintered filter element through a countersunk hole, the top of the sintered filter element is fixed through the guide seat, the lower boss of the guide seat fixes the sintered filter element, the upper part of the guide seat diverts through 90° transverse flow channels on all sides, and the filter housing as a whole is statically sealed in the valve body by an O-ring and a retaining ring on the radial outer periphery.

[0011] The operating method of the fuel cell vehicle high-pressure gas storage cylinder combined valve of the present invention comprises the following specific processes: Under normal conditions, the manual stop valve of the combination valve is in the open state, the manual pressure relief valve is in the closed state, the pilot solenoid valve of the first branch is de-energized and closed, the one-way valve of the second branch is locked by the high-pressure gas in the cylinder or the spring force, and the manual pressure relief valve of the third branch is normally closed. At this time, the high-pressure gas in the cylinder is isolated from the outside world; In the filling state, the external high-pressure gas passes through the inlet and outlet interfaces, and then passes through the filter II to complete the external gas filtration and enter the main inlet and outlet routes. The process channel I of the main inlet and outlet routes is connected to the pressure sensor interface for detecting the internal hydrogen storage pressure of the system. The main inlet and outlet routes are divided into three branches. The first branch is the gas supply branch. The coil of the pilot solenoid valve is not energized, and the pressure on the upper and lower sides of its valve core is balanced. However, under the initial elastic force of the spring, the main inlet and outlet routes cannot be opened, and the solenoid valve is in a closed state. The first branch is cut off at the pilot solenoid valve; the second branch is the filling branch. The gas in the main inlet and outlet routes passes through the manual stop valve, overcomes the initial spring force of the one-way valve, and enters the bottle through the valve core guide hole of the one-way valve to achieve the filling of the gas cylinder; the manual pressure relief valve on the third branch is in a normally closed state and is cut off; In the gas supply state, the pilot solenoid valve is energized, and the coil overcomes the spring force through the electromagnetic force to pull up the valve core, the pilot hole is opened, and then the top surface of the pilot head is connected to the external low pressure through the pilot hole, and the bottom surface of the pilot head is still high pressure. Driven by the pressure difference, the pilot head and the valve core are pulled upward, and the pilot solenoid valve is turned on. The high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder passes through the overflow valve in turn, and the gas in the bottle is filtered in the filter I, passes through the pilot solenoid valve, and then passes through the manual stop valve and filter II in turn to enter the inlet and outlet interfaces, completing the gas supply from the inside to the outside of the gas cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, when the external pipeline of the combination valve needs to maintain pressure, the manual stop valve is closed to achieve complete isolation between the pipeline inside and outside the bottle, and the pressure-maintaining gas will not be additionally filled into the gas cylinder; when the pilot solenoid valve cannot be opened due to a malfunction, the manual pressure relief valve is opened to release the gas in the bottle to the outside; when the pipeline is broken due to an accident such as a collision of a fuel cell vehicle, the pressure difference between the bottle and the broken pipeline is too large, and the overflow valve is activated. The internal valve disc is pushed against the valve seat by the high-pressure gas in the bottle to overcome the spring force, and the flow channel of the overflow valve is changed from the gaps on both sides to the limiting hole in the middle, the diversion area is reduced, and the pipeline The flow at the break will be greatly reduced until the pressure balance is restored. The overflow valve here plays a passive protection function, effectively preventing a large flow of high-pressure hydrogen from spraying out after the pipeline is broken, causing unexpected risks; when the external temperature of the gas cylinder exceeds 110°C, the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve is activated, and the glass ball inside it bursts due to heating and bubble pressure. The gas from the gas cylinder passes through the third branch, namely the pressure relief branch, and lifts up the bottom support of the glass ball. The gas in the bottle is released to the pipeline outside the bottle through the interface of the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve. The temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve plays a passive protection function, effectively preventing the risk of explosion caused by excessive increase in internal pressure of the gas cylinder due to accidental heating.

[0013] The valve body of the combination valve of the present invention is made of aluminum alloy, and multiple channels are designed inside to connect various modules. The combination valve adopts an external integrated solution of a pilot solenoid valve, and the structure is compact and reliable. The manual stop valve and the manual pressure relief valve adopt exactly the same high-pressure sealing structure, which can be used multiple times, with limited anti-dropping and status feedback. At the same time, the combination valve integrates the modules that need to be manually operated into the top of the valve body, which is intuitive and convenient. The combination valve is connected from the outside of the gas cylinder to the inside of the gas cylinder by a main road divided into three branches. The main inlet and outlet roads are connected to the air inlet side of the manual stop valve through the inlet and outlet interfaces from the outside of the bottle. The filling branch is integrated with a manual stop valve and a one-way valve, and the gas outside the bottle enters the gas cylinder through the manual stop valve and the one-way valve; the gas supply branch is integrated with an overflow valve, a filter I and a pilot solenoid, and the gas in the combination valve passes through the overflow valve, the filter I and the pilot solenoid valve to reach the manual stop valve; the pressure relief branch is integrated with a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve and a manual pressure relief valve, and the gas in the bottle directly reaches the main inlet and outlet gas path through the manual pressure relief valve, and a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve and a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve interface are set between the bottle and the manual pressure relief valve. There are three interfaces on the valve body, among which a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve interface is set on the side of the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve, a pressure sensor interface is set in the middle of the inlet and outlet gas main path, and an inlet and outlet gas interface is set at the bottom of the inlet and outlet gas main path.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the present invention is particularly suitable for the on-board hydrogen storage system of fuel cell vehicles, and provides a better solution for the integration of the current high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle valve. The present invention has a high degree of integration, and the modules that require manual operation are integrated on the top of the valve body for easy operation and feedback. At the same time, the internal flow channel of the valve body and the structural design of each module are novel, which effectively ensures the reliability and safety of the hydrogen storage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is an axonometric drawing of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 A top view of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partial enlarged view of the valve cylinder connector in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the pilot solenoid valve in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the manual stop valve in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve of the present invention.

[0021] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the one-way valve in the present invention.

[0022] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of the overflow valve and the filter 1 in the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1-valve body; 101-inlet and outlet ports; 102-temperature-sensing pressure relief valve port; 103-pressure sensor port; 104-inlet and outlet main channels; 105-air supply branch; 106-filling branch; 107-pressure relief branch; 108-valve body mounting hole; 109-process channel I; 110-process channel II; 111-valve body process hole I; 112-valve body process hole II; 113-retaining ring I; 114-O-ring I; 2-Manual pressure relief valve; 3-manual stop valve; 301-valve cover; 302-valve bonnet; 303-valve sleeve; 304-thin gasket; 305-sealing rod; 306-valve body sealing surface; 307-sealing rod sealing surface; 4-pilot solenoid valve; 401-solenoid valve housing; 402-coil housing; 403-coil; 404-coil cover; 405-coil sleeve; 406-valve core sleeve; 407-copper pad; 408-pilot hole; 409-end cover; 410-spring; 411-screw; 412-sealing head; 413-valve core; 414-pilot head; 415-coil skeleton; 5-Wire harness; 6-temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve; 601-pressure relief valve seat; 602-pressure relief valve cover; 603-glass ball; 604-glass ball bottom support; 7-Thermistor; 8-Filling catheter; 9- air supply duct; 10-Filter II; 11-filter I; 1101-flow guide seat; 1102-sintered filter element; 1103-filter housing; 12- overflow valve; 1201- air inlet cover; 1202- overflow valve disc; 1203- overflow valve seat; 13- one-way valve; 1301- one-way valve seat; 1302- one-way valve core; 1303- guide ring; 1304- one-way valve support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific contents of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1As shown, the combined valve for high-pressure gas cylinders for fuel cell vehicles of the present invention is mainly composed of valve body 1, pilot solenoid valve 4, manual stop valve 3, manual pressure relief valve 2, temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve 6, thermistor 7, check valve 13, relief valve 12 and other modules. The valve body 1 is provided with three interfaces, the left side of the valve body 1 is a pressure sensor interface 103, the bottom of the valve body 1 is an inlet and outlet gas interface 101, and the right side of the valve body 1 is a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve interface 102; the front of the valve body 1 is provided with two valve body mounting holes 108, and the combined valve can be mounted on the gas cylinder with the help of tools; the back of the valve body 1 where the combined valve is connected to the gas cylinder is provided with a pressure relief conduit, a filling conduit 8 and a gas supply conduit 9.

[0025] Specifically, the fuel cell vehicle high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve comprises a valve body 1 and a pilot solenoid valve 4, a manual stop valve 3, a manual pressure relief valve 2, a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve 6, a relief valve 12 and a one-way valve 13 arranged on the valve body 1, wherein a pressure sensor interface 103 is arranged on the left side of the valve body 1, an inlet and outlet gas interface 101 is arranged on the bottom of the valve body 1, a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve interface 102 is arranged on the right side of the valve body 1, a valve body mounting hole 108 for connecting and installing the combination valve to the gas cylinder is arranged on the front side of the valve body 1, a valve gas cylinder connector is arranged on the back side of the valve body 1, and a pressure relief conduit, a filling conduit 8 and a gas supply conduit 9 are arranged inside the valve gas cylinder connector; an inlet and outlet main path 104, a first branch, a second branch and a third branch are arranged inside the valve body 1, one end of the inlet and outlet main path 104 is connected to the inlet and outlet gas interface 101, a filter II 10 and a manual stop valve 3 are arranged on the inlet and outlet main path 104, wherein the filter II 10 is adjacent to the side of the inlet and outlet air interface 101, the inlet and outlet main road 104 between the filter II 10 and the manual stop valve 3 is connected to the third branch, and the other end of the third branch is connected to the pressure relief conduit to form a pressure relief branch 107. The third branch is provided with a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve 6 and a manual pressure relief valve 2 in sequence along the gas delivery direction. The pressure relief conduit is provided with a thermistor 7. The thermistor 7 is led out of the valve body 1 through a lead connector and a wiring harness 5 to measure the temperature in the gas cylinder. The manual pressure relief valve 2 is opened to allow the gas in the gas cylinder to enter the inlet and outlet main road 104 and discharge outside the gas cylinder; the other end of the manual stop valve 3 is connected to the first branch and the second branch respectively, and the other end of the first branch is connected to the gas supply conduit 9 to form a gas supply branch. The gas supply branch is provided with an overflow valve 12, a filter I 11 and a pilot solenoid valve 4 in sequence along the gas delivery direction, wherein the overflow valve 12 and the filter I 11 are integrated in the gas supply conduit 9, and the gas in the gas cylinder passes through the overflow valve 12, the filter I 11 in sequence. 11. The pilot solenoid valve 4, the manual stop valve 3 and the filter II 10 realize external gas supply; the other end of the second branch is connected with the filling conduit 8 to form a filling branch, on which a one-way valve is provided, which is integrated in the filling conduit 8. When the manual stop valve 3 is opened, an external gas source fills gas into the gas cylinder through the one-way valve; a process channel I is connected between the manual pressure relief valve and the filter II, and the other end of the process channel I is connected to the pressure sensor interface; one end of the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve is connected to the third branch, and the other end of the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve is connected to the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve interface through the process channel II; the pilot solenoid valve coil 4, the wiring harness 5, the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve 6 and the operating parts of the manual stop valve 3 and the manual pressure relief valve 2 are integrated at the top of the valve body 1.

[0026] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the valve body 1 is divided into three branches from a main gas inlet and outlet route outside the gas cylinder to enter the gas cylinder. The manual stop valve 3 is located at the rear end of the intersection of the first branch and the second branch, and the third branch is located at the front end of the manual stop valve 3. The first branch is connected to the gas supply conduit 9 to form a gas supply branch. The gas inside the gas cylinder passes through the overflow valve 12, the filter I 11 and the pilot solenoid valve 4 to reach the front end of the manual stop valve 3, wherein the overflow valve 12 and the filter I 11 are integrated inside the gas supply conduit 19, and the gas supply conduit 105 is installed on the valve body 1. The second branch is connected to the filling conduit 8 to form a filling branch. The manual stop valve 3 is opened, and the external gas source is filled into the gas cylinder through the one-way valve, wherein the one-way valve is integrated in the filling conduit 8, and the filling conduit 8 is installed on the valve body. The third branch is connected to the pressure relief conduit to form a pressure relief branch. A discharge hole is directly opened in the figure. The gas inside the gas cylinder reaches the manual pressure relief valve 2 through the pressure relief branch. The manual pressure relief valve 2 is opened, and the gas in the bottle enters the main inlet and outlet gas path and is discharged outside the bottle. The process channel I 109 is the valve body process hole I 111 between the third branch and the main inlet and outlet gas path 101, which is used to connect the pressure sensor interface 103; the process channel II 110 is the valve body process hole II 112 between the internal flow channel of the gas cylinder and the manual pressure relief valve chamber. A temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve 6 is provided between the combined valve discharge hole and the manual pressure relief valve 2. When the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve 6 is activated, the gas in the bottle is discharged through the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve interface 102. The thermistor 7 on the pressure relief conduit is led out of the valve body 1 through the lead connector and the wiring harness 5 to measure the internal temperature of the gas cylinder. The coil of the pilot solenoid valve 4, the wiring harness 5, the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve 6, and the operating parts of the manual stop valve 3 and the manual pressure relief valve 2 are integrated from left to right on the top of the valve body 1.

[0027] Figure 5 It is the connection part between the combined valve and the gas cylinder. The part of the valve body 1 entering the bottle is provided with threads and two grooves, the two grooves are of the same size and the two grooves are provided with O-rings I 114 and retaining rings I 113 in sequence from the inside of the bottle to the outside of the bottle, respectively, for achieving radial peripheral precision sealing to prevent leakage of gas in the bottle.

[0028] Figure 6The module shown is a pilot solenoid valve. The pilot solenoid valve 4 adopts a step-by-step design. The pilot solenoid valve 4 is mainly composed of a solenoid valve housing 401 and a valve core 413. The valve core 413 is connected to a pilot head 414 through a bottom hook lock mechanism to form a whole, which is used to sequentially open the micropores and the main hole in steps. A copper pad 407 is provided at the bottom of the pilot head 414, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the copper pad 407 to form a seal with the pilot head 414. A pilot hole 408 is provided in the middle of the pilot head 414. A sealing head 412 is provided inside the valve core 413. The sealing head 412 is fastened inside the valve core 413 by a screw 411. The upper part of the screw 411 is connected to the end cover 409 through a spring 410. The end cover 409 is axially sealed and connected as a whole through an O-ring and a valve core sleeve 406. The valve core sleeve 406 presses the copper pad 407 downward by a thread and realizes a radial peripheral static seal through an O-ring and is connected as a whole with the valve body 1. Inside the valve core sleeve 406, the valve core 413, screws 411, and sealing head 412 are connected as a whole, which are used to pull the pilot head 414 up and down. On the outside of the valve core sleeve 406, there is a winding composed of a coil skeleton 415, a coil 403, and a coil protective shell 402 from the inside to the outside, and finally the coil cover 404 and the shielding shell of the coil sleeve 405 are magnetically protected inside.

[0029] Figure 7 The module shown is a manual stop valve. The manual stop valve 3 is mainly composed of a valve cover 301, a valve bonnet 302, a valve sleeve 303 and a sealing rod 305, wherein the sealing rod 305 is made of modified polyetheretherketone, and the sealing rod sealing surface 307 and the valve body sealing surface 306 are combined at the bottom to achieve sealing. The sealing rod 305 is installed inside the valve sleeve 303 after being leveled by a thin gasket 304, and is fixed by a retaining ring through the hole. The top of the valve cover 301 has a hexagonal countersunk hole and is connected to the valve bonnet 302 through a reverse thread to form a whole. Under the constraint of the valve cover 301, the valve cover 301 can be moved up and down by applying a torque with a hexagonal wrench. The valve cover 301, the sealing rod 305 and the valve bonnet 302 are provided with anti-slip limiters, and the switch state of the manual stop valve 3 is judged by the relative position of the valve bonnet 302 and the valve cover 301. A groove is provided on the top of the sealing rod sealing surface 307, and an O-ring and a retaining ring are installed in the groove to achieve radial peripheral static sealing.

[0030] Figure 8The module shown is a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve. The temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve 6 adopts a glass ball form, and the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve 6 mainly consists of a glass ball 603, a pressure relief valve cover 602, a glass ball base 604 and a pressure relief valve seat 601. The glass ball 603 adopts a blue bubble 110°C specification, with the tip facing downward, and is installed on the glass ball base 604. The top of the glass ball 603 is tightened by the pressure relief valve cover 602 and is pressed and fixed inside the pressure relief valve seat 601. The pressure relief valve seat 601 is statically sealed on the pressure relief bypass of the third branch 107 of the valve body 1 through an O-ring and a retaining ring radially around the outer periphery, and the glass ball base 604 is statically sealed on the internal flow channel of the valve seat 1 through an O-ring and a retaining ring radially around the outer periphery.

[0031] Fig. 9 The module shown is a non-return valve. The one-way valve 13 is mainly composed of a one-way valve seat 1301, a one-way valve core 1302 and a one-way valve support 1304, wherein the one-way valve seat 1301 is made of brass, the interior of the one-way valve seat 1301 is a through-hole structure, the periphery is installed inside the valve body 1 through threads, and radial peripheral static sealing is achieved through O-rings and retaining rings, the one-way valve core 1302 is made of modified polyetheretherketone, the top of the one-way valve core 1302 is a spherical sealing surface, and there are vents at 90° around it to connect the internal flow channel, the middle of the one-way valve core 1302 is provided with a guide ring 1303 made of polyfluoro material for providing guiding, anti-wear and weak sealing functions, the bottom of the one-way valve core 1302 is a table top, which is connected to the one-way valve support 1304 through a spring, the one-way valve support 1304 is axially sealed on the valve body 1 through O-rings and threads, and the inside of the one-way valve support 1304 is threadedly connected to the intake duct.

[0032] Fig.10 The modules are the overflow valve and the filter I, which are packaged inside the air supply conduit 9 as a whole. The overflow valve 12 is mainly composed of an intake end cover 1201, an overflow valve disc 1202 and an overflow valve seat 1203. The overflow valve disc 1202 is made of modified polyetheretherketone. The overflow valve disc 1202 is connected to the intake valve cover 1201 and has 90° transverse through holes around it for diversion. The middle part has a limited flow opening. The other end of the overflow valve disc 1202 is connected to the overflow valve seat 1203 through a spring. The filter I11 is mainly composed of a filter. The filter housing 1103, a sintered filter element 1102 and a guide seat 1101 are composed. The overflow valve seat fixes the sintered filter element 1102 through a countersunk hole. The top of the sintered filter element 1102 is fixed by the guide seat 1101. The lower boss of the guide seat 1101 fixes the sintered filter element 1102. The upper part of the guide seat 1101 guides the flow through 90° horizontal flow channels all around. The filter housing 1103 as a whole is statically sealed in the valve body 1 by an O-ring and a retaining ring on the radial outer periphery.

[0033] The specific operation process of the present invention is: Under normal conditions, the manual stop valve of the bottle valve is in the open state, and the manual stop valve is in the closed state. The pilot solenoid valve of the first branch is closed when it loses power, the one-way valve of the second branch is locked under the support of the high-pressure gas in the bottle or the spring force, and the manual pressure relief valve of the third branch is normally closed. At this time, the high-pressure gas in the bottle is isolated from the outside.

[0034] In the filling state, the external high-pressure gas passes through the inlet and outlet ports, and is filtered through the filter 2 to reach the main road. The process channel 1 of the main road is connected to the pressure sensor interface, which is used to detect the hydrogen storage pressure inside the system. The main road is divided into three branches. The first branch is the gas supply branch. Because the coil of the pilot solenoid valve is not energized, the pressure on the upper and lower sides of its valve core is balanced. However, under the initial elastic force of the spring, the main channel cannot be opened, and the solenoid valve is in a closed state, so the first branch is cut off at the pilot solenoid valve. The second branch is the filling branch. The main road gas passes through the manual shut-off valve, overcomes the initial spring force of the one-way valve, and enters the bottle through the valve core guide hole of the one-way valve to achieve the filling of the gas cylinder. The third branch is cut off because the manual pressure relief valve is in a normally closed state.

[0035] In the gas supply state, the pilot solenoid valve is energized, and the coil first pulls up the valve core through electromagnetic force to overcome the spring elastic force, and the pilot hole is opened. Then the top surface of the pilot head is connected to the low pressure outside through the pilot hole, and the bottom surface of the pilot head is still high pressure. Driven by the pressure difference, the pilot head and the valve core are pulled up, and the pilot solenoid valve is turned on. The high-pressure gas in the bottle passes through the overflow valve first, and the gas in the bottle is filtered in the filter 1, passes through the pilot solenoid valve, and then passes through the manual stop valve and filter 2 in turn to the inlet and outlet interfaces, completing the gas supply from the inside to the outside of the gas cylinder.

[0036] In special cases, the bottle valve is designed with corresponding functions, which are completed through various modules.

[0037] When the external pipeline of the bottle valve needs to maintain pressure, the manual stop valve is closed to achieve complete isolation between the pipeline inside and outside the bottle, so that the pressure-maintaining gas will not be additionally filled into the bottle, avoiding waste while improving efficiency.

[0038] When the pilot solenoid valve cannot be opened due to a fault, the gas in the bottle is released to the outside by opening the manual pressure relief valve.

[0039] When a fuel cell vehicle crashes and the pipeline breaks, the pressure difference between the bottle and the broken part of the pipeline is too large, and the overflow valve is activated. The internal valve disc is pushed by the high-pressure gas in the bottle to overcome the spring force and lean against the valve seat. The flow channel of the overflow valve changes from the gaps on both sides to the flow-limiting hole in the middle, and the flow diversion area is reduced. The flow at the broken part of the pipeline will be greatly reduced until the pressure balance is restored. Here, the overflow valve plays a passive protection function, effectively preventing the high-pressure hydrogen gas from being ejected outward after the pipeline breaks, causing unexpected risks.

[0040] When the external temperature of the gas cylinder exceeds 110°C, such as in the case of fire, the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve is activated, and the glass ball inside it explodes under the heating of the bubble pressure. The gas from the bottle passes through the third branch, the pressure relief branch, and lifts up the bottom support of the glass ball, and through the TPRD interface, the gas in the bottle is released to the pipeline outside the bottle. Here, the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve plays a passive protection function, effectively preventing the risk of explosion caused by excessive pressure increase inside the gas cylinder due to accidental heating.

[0041] The above embodiments describe the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for illustrating the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the scope of the principles of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combination valve for a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder for a fuel cell vehicle, characterized in that The utility model comprises a valve body and a pilot solenoid valve, a manual stop valve, a manual pressure relief valve, a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve, a relief valve and a one-way valve arranged on the valve body, wherein a pressure sensor interface is arranged on the left side of the valve body, an air inlet and outlet interface is arranged on the bottom of the valve body, a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve interface is arranged on the right side of the valve body, a valve body mounting hole for connecting and installing the valve to the gas cylinder is arranged on the front side of the valve body, a valve gas cylinder connector is arranged on the back side of the valve body, a pressure relief conduit, a filling conduit and a gas supply conduit are arranged inside the valve gas cylinder connector; the valve body is provided with an air inlet and outlet main route, a first branch route, a second branch route and a third branch route, an inlet One end of the main gas outlet route is connected to the gas inlet and outlet interface, and a filter II and a manual stop valve are arranged on the main gas inlet and outlet route, wherein the filter II is adjacent to one side of the gas inlet and outlet interface, and the main gas inlet and outlet route between the filter II and the manual stop valve is connected to the third branch route, and the other end of the third branch route is connected to the pressure relief conduit to form a pressure relief branch route together, and a temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve and a manual pressure relief valve are arranged in sequence along the gas delivery direction on the third branch route, and a thermistor is arranged on the pressure relief conduit, and the thermistor is led out of the valve body through a lead connector and a wiring harness, and is used to measure the temperature in the gas cylinder, and the manual pressure relief valve When the vent valve is opened, the gas in the gas cylinder enters the main inlet and outlet passages and is discharged outside the gas cylinder; the other end of the manual stop valve is connected to the first branch and the second branch respectively, and the other end of the first branch is connected to the gas supply conduit to form a gas supply branch, and an overflow valve, a filter I and a pilot solenoid valve are arranged in sequence along the gas delivery direction on the gas supply branch, wherein the overflow valve and the filter I are integrated in the gas supply conduit, and the gas in the gas cylinder passes through the overflow valve, the filter I, the pilot solenoid valve, the front end of the manual stop valve and the filter II in sequence to realize external gas supply; the other end of the second branch is connected to the filling conduit to form a A filling branch is formed, which is provided with a one-way valve integrated in the filling conduit. When the manual stop valve is opened, an external gas source fills gas into the gas cylinder through the one-way valve. A process channel I is connected between the manual pressure relief valve and the filter II, and the other end of the process channel I is connected to the pressure sensor interface. One end of the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve is connected to the third branch, and the other end of the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve is connected to the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve interface through the process channel II. The pilot solenoid valve coil, wiring harness, temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve, manual stop valve and operating parts of the manual pressure relief valve are integrated on the top of the valve body.

2. The combined valve for high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders for fuel cell vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The portion of the valve cylinder connector that enters the cylinder is provided with threads and multiple grooves, and an O-ring and a retaining ring are sequentially provided in the groove along the direction from the inside of the cylinder to the outside of the cylinder.

3. The combined valve for high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders for fuel cell vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pilot solenoid valve adopts a step-by-step design, which is mainly composed of a solenoid valve housing and a valve core. The valve core is connected to the pilot head through a bottom hook lock mechanism to form a whole, which is used to open the micropores and the main hole in sequence and step by step. A copper pad is provided at the bottom of the pilot head, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the copper pad to form a seal with the pilot head. A pilot hole is provided in the middle of the pilot head, and a sealing head is provided inside the valve core. The sealing head is fastened to the inside of the valve core by screws, and the upper part of the screw is connected to the end cover by a spring. The end cover is axially sealed and connected as a whole through an O-ring and a valve core sleeve. The valve core sleeve presses the copper pad downward by a thread and is connected to the valve body through an O-ring to achieve radial peripheral static sealing. The valve core, screws, and sealing heads are connected as a whole inside the valve core sleeve, which is used to pull the pilot head up and down. Outside the valve core sleeve is a winding composed of a coil skeleton, a coil, and a coil protective shell from the inside to the outside, and finally the coil cover and the shielding shell of the coil sleeve are provided with magnetic protection inside.

4. The combined valve for high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders for fuel cell vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manual stop valve and the manual pressure relief valve have the same structure and parallel axes and are arranged inside the valve body, and their operating mechanisms are arranged on the top of the valve body; the sealing surface of the manual stop valve is located on the main inlet and outlet air paths, and the sealing surface of the manual pressure relief valve is located on the pressure relief branch on the side of the main inlet and outlet air paths. The operating mechanisms of the manual stop valve and the manual pressure relief valve are hexagonal countersunk holes with hexagonal wrenches, which provide positive pressure to the lower sealing surface through thread torque; the manual stop valve is mainly composed of a valve cover, a valve cap, a valve sleeve and a sealing rod. The valve cover and the valve sleeve share the valve body thread, and a hexagonal screw is arranged on the top of the valve sleeve. The angular countersunk hole is used for torque operation. The outer circle of the top of the valve sleeve is connected to the valve bonnet through a reverse thread. Symmetrical countersunk holes are arranged on the top of the valve bonnet for tightening torque with a double-pin wrench. The sealing rod is installed in the valve sleeve through a clamp through the hole. The top is compensated for the gap generated in the height direction of the clamp by a thin gasket. A groove is arranged in the middle of the sealing rod. Retaining rings and O-rings are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the groove to achieve radial peripheral static sealing. The bottom of the sealing rod has a sealing surface connected to the branch sealing port to achieve sealing isolation. The bottom of the valve bonnet is in contact with the threaded table of the valve sleeve to achieve limit anti-detachment and status identification.

5. The combined valve for high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders for fuel cell vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve adopts the form of a glass ball, which is placed vertically with the pointed end of the glass ball facing downward. A glass ball base is arranged at the bottom of the glass ball, and the base realizes high-pressure sealing through two radial peripheral grooves and O-rings and retaining rings in the grooves. A pressure relief valve cover is arranged on the top of the glass ball, and the pressure relief valve cover supports the spherical surface of the glass ball through threads. The pressure relief valve cover, the glass ball and the glass ball base are arranged in the pressure relief valve seat from top to bottom in sequence. Two radial peripheral grooves and O-rings and retaining rings in the grooves are also arranged at the bottom of the pressure relief valve seat to realize high-pressure sealing. An external thread is arranged in the middle of the pressure relief valve seat for installing the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve to the valve body, and a waist hole is milled in the middle of the thread for releasing the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder after the glass ball breaks.

6. The combined valve for high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders for fuel cell vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way valve is mainly composed of a one-way valve seat, a one-way valve core and a one-way valve support. The top of the one-way valve seat is sealed radially and peripherally by an O-ring and a double retaining ring, and is installed in the valve body by a straight thread. A sealing hole is arranged at the bottom of the one-way valve seat to lead to the second branch. A one-way valve core is arranged on one side of the sealing hole of the one-way valve seat. The one-way valve core is made of modified polyetheretherketone material, and one side connected to the sealing hole is a spherical surface. Four ventilation holes are arranged around the spherical surface at 90° intervals for connecting the one-way valve. There is a countersunk hole at the bottom of the valve core, and a groove is arranged on the outer periphery of the one-way valve core. The groove is filled with a guide ring to protect the one-way valve core from excessive wear and guide weak sealing. A table is arranged at the bottom of the one-way valve core to fix the spring. The other end of the spring is connected to the upper end face of the one-way valve support. The one-way valve support is fixed to the side of the valve body close to the bottle through a straight thread and the end face is sealed by an O-ring. A filling conduit is connected to the bottom surface of the one-way valve support and extends into the bottle to ensure uniform temperature distribution in the bottle during the filling process.

7. The combined valve for high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders for fuel cell vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overflow valve and filter I are encapsulated inside the air supply duct as a whole. The overflow valve is mainly composed of an intake end cover, an overflow valve disc and an overflow valve seat. The overflow valve disc is made of modified polyetheretherketone. The overflow valve disc is connected to the intake valve cover on one side and has 90° transverse through holes on all sides for diversion, a limited flow opening in the middle, and the other end of the overflow valve disc is connected to the overflow valve seat through a spring; the filter I is mainly composed of a filter housing, a sintered filter element and a guide seat. The overflow valve seat fixes the sintered filter element through a countersunk hole, the top of the sintered filter element is fixed through the guide seat, the lower boss of the guide seat fixes the sintered filter element, the upper part of the guide seat diverts through 90° transverse flow channels on all sides, and the filter housing as a whole is statically sealed in the valve body by an O-ring and a retaining ring radially on the outer periphery.

8. An operating method of the fuel cell vehicle high pressure hydrogen storage cylinder combination valve according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific process is: Under normal conditions, the manual stop valve of the combination valve is in the open state, the manual pressure relief valve is in the closed state, the pilot solenoid valve of the first branch is de-energized and closed, the one-way valve of the second branch is locked by the high-pressure gas in the cylinder or the spring force, and the manual pressure relief valve of the third branch is normally closed. At this time, the high-pressure gas in the cylinder is isolated from the outside world; In the filling state, the external high-pressure gas passes through the inlet and outlet interfaces, and then passes through the filter II to complete the external gas filtration and enter the main inlet and outlet routes. The process channel I of the main inlet and outlet routes is connected to the pressure sensor interface for detecting the internal hydrogen storage pressure of the system. The main inlet and outlet routes are divided into three branches. The first branch is the gas supply branch. The coil of the pilot solenoid valve is not energized, and the pressure on the upper and lower sides of its valve core is balanced. However, under the initial elastic force of the spring, the main inlet and outlet routes cannot be opened, and the solenoid valve is in a closed state. The first branch is cut off at the pilot solenoid valve; the second branch is the filling branch. The gas in the main inlet and outlet routes passes through the manual stop valve, overcomes the initial spring force of the one-way valve, and enters the bottle through the valve core guide hole of the one-way valve to achieve the filling of the gas cylinder; the manual pressure relief valve on the third branch is in a normally closed state and is cut off; In the gas supply state, the pilot solenoid valve is energized, and the coil overcomes the spring force through the electromagnetic force to pull up the valve core, the pilot hole is opened, and then the top surface of the pilot head is connected to the external low pressure through the pilot hole, and the bottom surface of the pilot head is still high pressure. Driven by the pressure difference, the pilot head and the valve core are pulled upward, and the pilot solenoid valve is turned on. The high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder passes through the overflow valve in turn, and the gas in the bottle is filtered in the filter I, passes through the pilot solenoid valve, and then passes through the manual stop valve and filter II in turn to enter the inlet and outlet interfaces, completing the gas supply from the inside to the outside of the gas cylinder.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the external pipeline of the combination valve needs to maintain pressure, the manual stop valve is closed to achieve complete isolation between the pipeline inside and outside the bottle, and the pressure-maintaining gas will not be additionally filled into the gas cylinder; when the pilot solenoid valve cannot be opened due to a malfunction, the manual pressure relief valve is opened to release the gas in the bottle to the outside; when the pipeline is broken due to an accident such as a collision of a fuel cell vehicle, the pressure difference between the bottle and the broken pipeline is too large, and the overflow valve is activated. The internal valve disc is pushed against the valve seat by the high-pressure gas in the bottle to overcome the spring force, and the flow channel of the overflow valve is changed from the gaps on both sides to the limiting hole in the middle, the diversion area is reduced, and the pipeline is broken. The flow at the point will be greatly reduced until the pressure balance is restored. The overflow valve here plays a passive protection function, which effectively prevents the large flow of high-pressure hydrogen from spraying out after the pipeline is broken, causing unexpected risks; when the external temperature of the gas cylinder exceeds 110°C, the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve is activated, and the glass ball inside it bursts under heating due to the bubble pressure. The gas from the gas cylinder passes through the third branch, namely the pressure relief branch, to lift the bottom support of the glass ball, and completes the discharge of the gas in the bottle to the pipeline outside the bottle through the interface of the temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve. The temperature-sensitive pressure relief valve plays a passive protection function, which effectively prevents the risk of explosion caused by excessive increase in internal pressure of the gas cylinder due to accidental heating.

Images