Compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample testing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample test device which comprises a surrounding rock simulation module, the surrounding rock simulation module is installed on a frame, the top and two sides of the frame are connected with pressure loading modules, the surrounding rock simulation module is connected with a gas storage simulation module and a monitoring module, and the surrounding rock simulation module is a composite rock sample. The surrounding rock simulation module comprises a rock layer, an isolation layer and a sealing layer from outside to inside, the rock layer is a natural rock sample in the cavern, the isolation layer is concrete, the sealing layer is a steel lining, and a tunnel is formed in the center of the surrounding rock simulation module. The surrounding rock simulation module is made of a natural rock sample, a concrete isolation layer and a steel lining sealing layer, is used for simulating the structure of the surrounding rock of the cavern, is the same as the structure in a real compressed air energy storage cavern, can accurately reflect the structure and characteristics of the actual surrounding rock of the cavern, and can simulate the structure of the surrounding rock of the cavern through the synergistic effect of the gas storage simulation module and the external pressure loading module. And the actual working environment of the compressed air energy storage cavern can be really simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, and in particular to a compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample testing device. Background Art

[0002] Compressed air energy storage is a new type of electric energy storage system. It refers to the use of electric energy to compress air during the low load period of the power grid. The air is sealed at high pressure in abandoned mines, sunken seabed gas tanks, caves, expired oil and gas wells or newly built gas storage caverns. The compressed air is released during the peak load period of the power grid to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity. This energy storage method has the advantages of fast dynamic response, high economic performance, and low environmental pollution. It can play a role in load balancing, strategic planning, and improving the quality of power supply.

[0003] At present, the elastic model or ideal elastoplastic model is still used for the rock constitutive relationship of compressed gas energy storage lined caverns, but this is not consistent with the actual situation and it is difficult to reflect the damage and creep of the cavern surrounding rock caused by long-term high circulating gas pressure and ground stress cycle. Further research is needed, and the design principles such as the stability of the surrounding rock of the gas storage cavern and the cavern shape, cavern group layout rules, etc. need to be further clarified. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention mainly provides a compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample testing device to solve the technical problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: A compressed gas energy storage cavern rock sample test device, comprising a surrounding rock simulation module, the surrounding rock simulation module is installed on a frame, the top and both sides of the frame are connected to a pressure loading module, the surrounding rock simulation module is connected to a gas storage simulation module, and the surrounding rock simulation module is also connected to a monitoring module; The surrounding rock simulation module is a composite rock sample. From the outside to the inside, the surrounding rock simulation module comprises a rock layer, an isolation layer and a sealing layer. The rock layer is a natural rock sample in the cave, the isolation layer is concrete, the sealing layer is a steel lining, and a tunnel is opened in the center of the surrounding rock simulation module.

[0006] Preferably, the gas storage simulation module comprises a gas receiving unit and a gas charging and discharging unit, the gas receiving unit is located in the tunnel, and the gas receiving unit comprises a sealing component and a receiving component.

[0007] Preferably, the receiving component includes an air inlet interface and an air outlet interface, and the air inlet interface and the air outlet interface are both provided with solenoid valves, one end of the air inlet interface and the air outlet interface are respectively connected to the air inlet and the air outlet of the sealing component, and the other end of the air inlet interface is connected to the charging and discharging unit.

[0008] Preferably, the inflation and deflation unit comprises a variable frequency compressor, the variable frequency compressor is connected to the air inlet interface via a high-pressure air pipe, and sealant is applied to the contact surface between the high-pressure air pipe and the air inlet interface.

[0009] Preferably, the surrounding rock simulation module is installed in a frame, and pressure loading modules are provided on the top and left and right sides of the frame. The pressure loading module includes a loading cylinder, which is connected to a loading plate. The loading cylinder is also connected to a servo controller, and the servo motor controls the loading cylinder to apply different amounts of pressure to the surrounding rock simulation module.

[0010] Preferably, the top pressure loading module includes a plurality of loading cylinders, and the plurality of loading cylinders are all controlled by a set of the servo controllers.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure loading modules on the left and right sides include several pairs of loading cylinders, and each pair of loading cylinders is controlled by a set of servo controllers.

[0012] Preferably, the monitoring module includes a strain sensor, an air pressure sensor and a displacement sensor, a number of the strain sensors are buried in the surrounding rock simulation module, the air pressure sensor is connected to the gas storage simulation module, the displacement sensor is installed on the outer surface of the surrounding rock simulation module, and the signals of the strain sensor, air pressure sensor and displacement sensor are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument.

[0013] Preferably, the strain sensors and displacement sensors are distributed in groups in the radial direction of the surrounding rock simulation module, and each group has a plurality of strain sensors and displacement sensors.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, the surrounding rock simulation module provided in the present invention is made of natural rock samples, concrete isolation layers and steel lining sealing layers, and is used to simulate the surrounding rock structure of the cavern, which is the same as the structure in the real compressed gas energy storage cavern, and can more accurately reflect the structure and characteristics of the actual cavern surrounding rock; the gas storage simulation module simulates the gas storage filling and discharging cycle operation, so that the experiment is closer to the gas pressure changes in the actual compressed gas energy storage process; the pressure loading module is used to apply external pressures of different sizes and directions to the surrounding rock simulation module to simulate the actual external pressure of the cavern, which is helpful to study the response of the surrounding rock under complex stress conditions. The monitoring module is used to monitor the changes in various parameters of the surrounding rock simulation module under the action of high-frequency periodic gas pressure load. Through the synergistic effect of the surrounding rock simulation module, the gas storage simulation module, the external pressure loading module and the monitoring module, this device can more realistically simulate the actual working environment of the compressed gas energy storage cavern.

[0015] Secondly, the variable frequency compressor of the inflation and deflation unit of the present invention can adjust the inflation and deflation speed and pressure according to the test requirements, and cooperate with the solenoid valve of the receiving component to make the surrounding rock simulation module under the action of high-frequency periodic gas pressure load. The servo controller of the pressure loading module can accurately control the pressure applied by the loading cylinder, thereby simulating the deep compressed air energy storage cavern conditions.

[0016] Thirdly, the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel opened by the surrounding rock simulation module of the present invention can be changed according to the test needs to study the stress distribution, displacement characteristics, elastic-plastic ultimate bearing capacity and other effects under different cavern cross-sectional design forms; at the same time, the number of tunnels can also be changed to analyze the influence of adjacent caverns under different distribution spacings.

[0017] Fourthly, the sensor signal in the monitoring module is transmitted to the data acquisition instrument, which can realize the real-time collection and recording of the test data, providing information for subsequent data analysis and research. By analyzing the collected data, we can gain an in-depth understanding of the mechanical properties and deformation laws of the surrounding rock of the compressed gas energy storage cavern, as well as the interaction between the gas storage reservoir and the surrounding rock, providing a scientific basis for the design and optimization of the compressed gas energy storage project.

[0018] The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of the surrounding rock simulation module of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a side view section of the surrounding rock simulation module of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure loading module of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the front view of the surrounding rock simulation module of the horseshoe-shaped cross-section tunnel; Figure 6 This is the front view of the surrounding rock simulation module of the arch-shaped cross-section tunnel; Figure 7 This is the front view of the surrounding rock simulation module of the double circular section tunnel.

[0020] Description of the drawings: 1. Surrounding rock simulation module; 101. Rock layer; 102. Isolation layer; 103. Sealing layer; 104. Tunnel; 105. Frame; 2. Gas storage simulation module; 3. Pressure loading module; 301. Loading cylinder; 302. Loading plate; 303. Servo controller; 4. Monitoring module; 401. Strain sensor; 402. Air pressure sensor; 403. Displacement sensor; 5. Gas receiving unit; 501. Sealing assembly; 502. Receiving assembly; 503. Sealing steel plug; 504. Air inlet; 505. Air outlet; 506. Sealing rubber ring; 507. Air inlet interface; 508. Air outlet interface; 509. Solenoid valve; 6. Charging and discharging unit; 601. Variable frequency compressor; 602. High-pressure air pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the content disclosed in the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Example

[0022] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7, a compressed gas energy storage cavern rock sample test device comprises a surrounding rock simulation module 1, the surrounding rock simulation module 1 is mounted on a frame 105, the top and both sides of the frame 105 are connected to a pressure loading module 3, the surrounding rock simulation module 1 is connected to a gas storage reservoir simulation module 2, the surrounding rock simulation module 1 is also connected to a monitoring module 4, the surrounding rock simulation module 1 is a composite rock sample, the surrounding rock simulation module 1 comprises a rock layer 101, an isolation layer 102 and a sealing layer 103 from the outside to the inside, the rock layer 101 is a natural rock sample in the cavern, the isolation layer 102 is concrete, the sealing layer 103 is a steel lining, and a tunnel 104 is provided in the center of the surrounding rock simulation module 1.

[0023] It should be noted that the surrounding rock simulation module 1 is composed of a natural rock sample rock layer 101, a concrete isolation layer 102 and a steel lining sealing layer 103, which is used to simulate the cavern surrounding rock structure, which is the same as the structure in a real compressed air energy storage cavern, and can more accurately reflect the structure and characteristics of the actual cavern surrounding rock. Different surrounding rock simulation modules 1 can be selected according to the number and cross-sectional shape of the tunnels 104 according to the test requirements.

[0024] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , 3As shown, the gas storage simulation module 2 includes a gas receiving unit 5 and a gas charging and discharging unit 6. The gas receiving unit 5 is located in the tunnel 104. The gas receiving unit 5 includes a sealing component 501 and a receiving component 502. The sealing component 501 is arranged at both ends of the tunnel 104. The sealing component 501 includes a sealing steel plug 503. The contact surface between the sealing steel plug 503 and the tunnel 104 is coated with sealant. The sealing steel plug 503 is provided with a sealing rubber ring 506. The sealing steel plug 503 is provided with an air inlet 504 and an air outlet 505 at the center. The air inlet 504 and the air outlet 505 are connected with an air inlet interface 507 and an air outlet interface 508. The air inlet interface 507 and the air outlet interface 508 are both provided with a solenoid valve 509. The other end of the air inlet interface 507 is connected to the variable frequency compressor 601 through a high-pressure air pipe 602. The contact surface between the high-pressure air pipe 602 and the air inlet interface 507 is coated with sealant.

[0025] It should be noted that the sealing rubber ring 506 provided on the sealing steel plug 503 and the application of sealant on each contact surface during connection can effectively ensure the airtightness of the device.

[0026] It should be noted that the variable frequency compressor 601 can adjust the speed and pressure of gas filling and discharging according to the test requirements. It cooperates with the solenoid valve 509 to put the tunnel 104 in a state of gas filling and discharging cycle, thereby putting the surrounding rock simulation module 1 under the action of high-frequency periodic gas pressure load.

[0027] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , 4 As shown, the surrounding rock simulation module 1 is installed in the frame 105, and the top and left and right sides of the frame 105 are provided with pressure loading modules 3, and the pressure loading module 3 includes a loading cylinder 301, and the loading cylinder 301 is connected to a loading plate 302, and the loading cylinder 301 is also connected to a servo controller 303, and the servo motor controls the loading cylinder 301 to apply different pressures to the surrounding rock simulation module 1. The top pressure loading module 3 includes a plurality of loading cylinders 301, and the plurality of loading cylinders 301 are all controlled by a set of servo controllers 303. The left and right pressure loading modules 3 include a plurality of pairs of loading cylinders 301, and each pair of loading cylinders 301 is controlled by a set of servo controllers 303.

[0028] It should be noted that the pressure loading modules 3 arranged on the top and left and right sides of the surrounding rock simulation module 1 can apply external pressures in different directions to the surrounding rock simulation module 1 to simulate the actual external pressure on the cavern. The servo controller 303 on the top can control the top loading cylinder 301 to apply uniform pressures of different magnitudes to simulate the pressures applied by the gravity of the overburden strata to the cavern at different depths, while the three groups of servo controllers 303 on the left and right sides respectively control a group of loading cylinders 301 and loading plates 302 to apply uneven pressures on the left and right sides of the surrounding rock simulation module 1 to simulate the horizontal component of the structural stress received by the cavern and the gravity of the overburden strata.

[0029] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the monitoring module 4 includes a strain sensor 401, an air pressure sensor 402 and a displacement sensor 403. Several strain sensors 401 are buried in the surrounding rock simulation module 1, the air pressure sensor 402 is connected to the gas storage simulation module 2, and the displacement sensor 403 is installed on the outer surface of the surrounding rock simulation module 1. The strain sensors 401 and the displacement sensors 403 are distributed in the radial direction of the surrounding rock simulation module 1 in groups, and each group has several strain sensors 401 and displacement sensors 403. The signals of the strain sensors 401, the air pressure sensors 402 and the displacement sensors 403 are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument.

[0030] It should be noted that the strain sensor 401 is buried in the rock layer 101 of the surrounding rock simulation module 1, and can monitor the internal strain of the rock layer 101 under the action of external pressure and gas pressure in real time, understand the deformation degree and stress distribution of the rock layer 101 during the force process, and reflect the mechanical behavior of the surrounding rock under different loading conditions, such as elastic deformation, plastic deformation, and destruction.

[0031] It should be noted that the air pressure sensor 402 can provide real-time feedback of the air pressure information in the tunnel 104, helping the test personnel to control the operation of the gas charging and discharging unit 6, and ensuring the stability and accuracy of the gas pressure during the test. By adjusting the speed and pressure of the gas charging and discharging, the compressed gas energy storage process under different working conditions can be simulated, and the response of the surrounding rock under different air pressure conditions can be studied.

[0032] It should be noted that the displacement sensor 403 is installed on the outer surface of the surrounding rock simulation module 1, and can measure the surface displacement changes under the external pressure and gas pressure. It helps researchers understand the stability of the cave during use. If the displacement exceeds a certain range, it may indicate that the cave is at risk of excessive deformation, and corresponding measures need to be taken to reinforce it or adjust the operating parameters.

[0033] It should be noted that the sensor signal in the monitoring module 4 is transmitted to the data acquisition instrument, which can realize the real-time acquisition and recording of the test data, and provide information for subsequent data analysis and research. By analyzing the collected data, we can deeply understand the mechanical properties, deformation laws and interaction between the gas storage reservoir and the surrounding rock of the compressed gas energy storage cavern, and provide a scientific basis for the design and optimization of the compressed gas energy storage project.

[0034] The specific operation process of the present invention is as follows: According to the number and cross-sectional shape of the tunnels 104 required by the test, a suitable surrounding rock simulation module 1 is selected and installed in the frame 105. A gas receiving unit 5 is installed in the tunnel 104 of the surrounding rock simulation module 1. Sealing steel plugs 503 are installed at both ends of the tunnel 104, and sealant is applied to the contact surface. Then, the inflation and deflation unit 6 is connected to the air inlet interface 507. The sealing state of the entire device is checked to ensure the sealing. The strain sensor 401 of the monitoring module 4 is buried in the rock layer 101 of the surrounding rock simulation module 1, the air pressure sensor 402 is connected to the inflation and deflation unit 6, and the displacement sensor 403 is installed on the outer surface of the surrounding rock simulation module 1. The signal transmission lines of all sensors are connected to the data acquisition instrument, and the power is turned on.

[0035] According to the test requirements, set the parameters of the gas charging and discharging unit 6 and the pressure loading module 3 on the computer, including the loading size, loading speed, gas charging and discharging speed, pressure range, etc., start the gas charging and discharging unit 6, and perform gas charging and discharging cycle operations on the gas storage simulation module 2. Observe the data of the air pressure sensor 402 to ensure that the air pressure in the gas storage changes according to the set parameters. At the same time, start the pressure loading module 3 and apply external pressure to the surrounding rock simulation module 1 through the loading cylinder 301. Observe the data of the strain sensor 401 and the displacement sensor 403 to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock under the action of external pressure and gas pressure. The data acquisition instrument collects data from the strain sensor 401, the air pressure sensor 402 and the displacement sensor 403 in real time. According to the data feedback during the test, if necessary, the parameters of the pressure loading module 3 and the gas charging and discharging unit 6 can be adjusted to simulate the compressed gas energy storage cavern under different working conditions.

[0036] When the test reaches the predetermined end condition, the work of the gas filling and discharging unit 6 and the pressure loading module 3 is stopped, and the collected data, including strain data, air pressure data and displacement data, are analyzed. Through data analysis, the mechanical properties and deformation laws of the surrounding rock under the high-frequency periodic air pressure load, as well as the interaction between the gas storage reservoir and the surrounding rock are understood.

[0037] The above is an exemplary description of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as such non-substantial improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compressed gas energy storage cavern rock sample test device, characterized in that , comprising a surrounding rock simulation module (1), the surrounding rock simulation module (1) being mounted on a frame (105), the top and both sides of the frame (105) being connected to a pressure loading module (3), the surrounding rock simulation module (1) being connected to a gas storage simulation module (2), and the surrounding rock simulation module (1) being further connected to a monitoring module (4); The surrounding rock simulation module (1) is a composite rock sample. From the outside to the inside, the surrounding rock simulation module (1) comprises a rock layer (101), an isolation layer (102) and a sealing layer (103). The rock layer (101) is a natural rock sample in a cave, the isolation layer (102) is concrete, the sealing layer (103) is a steel lining, and a tunnel (104) is provided at the center of the surrounding rock simulation module (1).

2. A compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage simulation module comprises a gas receiving unit (5) and a gas charging and discharging unit (6); the gas receiving unit (5) is located in the tunnel (104); the gas receiving unit (5) comprises a sealing component (501) and a receiving component (502).

3. A compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (501) is arranged at both ends of the tunnel (104), and the sealing assembly (501) comprises a sealing steel plug (503). The sealing steel plug (503) has an air inlet (504) and an air outlet (505) at the center. The contact surface between the sealing steel plug (503) and the tunnel (104) is coated with sealing glue, and a sealing rubber ring (506) is also provided on the sealing steel plug (503).

4. A compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The receiving component (502) comprises an air inlet interface (507) and an air outlet interface (508), each of which is provided with a solenoid valve (509), one end of each of which is connected to the air inlet (504) and the air outlet (505) of the sealing component (501), respectively, and the other end of each of which is connected to a charging and discharging unit (6).

5. A compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inflation and deflation unit (6) comprises a variable frequency compressor (601), the variable frequency compressor (601) is connected to the air inlet interface (507) via a high-pressure air pipe (602), and a sealant is applied to the contact surface between the high-pressure air pipe (602) and the air inlet interface (507).

6. The compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure loading module (3) comprises a loading cylinder (301), the loading cylinder (301) is connected to a loading plate (302), and the loading cylinder (301) is also connected to a servo controller (303), and the servo motor controls the loading cylinder (301) to apply pressures of different magnitudes to the surrounding rock simulation module (1).

7. A compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top pressure loading module (3) comprises a plurality of loading cylinders (301), and the plurality of loading cylinders (301) are all controlled by a set of servo controllers (303).

8. The compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure loading modules (3) on the left and right sides include a plurality of pairs of loading cylinders (301), and each pair of loading cylinders (301) is controlled by a set of servo controllers (303).

9. The compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring module (4) comprises a strain sensor (401), an air pressure sensor (402) and a displacement sensor (403); a plurality of the strain sensors (401) are buried in the surrounding rock simulation module (1); the air pressure sensor (402) is connected to the gas storage reservoir simulation module (2); the displacement sensor (403) is installed on the outer surface of the surrounding rock simulation module (1); and signals of the strain sensor (401), the air pressure sensor (402) and the displacement sensor (403) are transmitted to a data acquisition instrument.

10. A compressed air energy storage cavern rock sample test device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The strain sensors (401) and displacement sensors (403) are distributed in groups in the radial direction of the surrounding rock simulation module (1), and each group has a plurality of strain sensors (401) and displacement sensors (403).

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