A tangential and punching composite fretting abrasion experimental device in a high-temperature liquid metal environment

Abstract

This invention discloses a tangential and punching composite micro-motion abrasion experimental device in a high-temperature liquid metal environment, comprising: a test vessel, a melting vessel, a frame, a heat tracing pipeline unit, a normal force loading module, and a micro-motion module. The frame serves as a support. The melting vessel is located on one side of the frame and is used to melt solid metal into a liquid state under preset conditions. The test vessel is located on the other side of the frame. The test vessel unit, together with the normal force loading module and the micro-motion module, constructs a sample for micro-motion abrasion experiments in a liquid metal environment. The heat tracing pipeline unit is used to guide the molten liquid metal in the melting vessel unit into the test vessel unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fretting technology, and more specifically to an experimental device for tangential and punching combined fretting in a high-temperature liquid metal environment. Background Technology

[0002] With the ever-increasing demand for nuclear power, the international nuclear engineering community has proposed the development of fourth-generation nuclear power systems. These include lead-fired reactors, sodium-fired reactors, supercritical water reactors, and gas-fired reactors. Lead-fired and sodium-fired reactors, both using high-temperature liquid metals, offer higher thermal efficiency and energy density, better neutron physics properties, greater safety, and reduced nuclear waste compared to gas-fired and water-cooled reactors. Among lead-fired reactors, lead-bismuth reactors, with their unique advantages, are expected to be the first nuclear energy system to achieve industrial demonstration and commercial application.

[0003] Lead-bismuth alloy (LBE) has a high neutron scattering cross section and a low neutron absorption cross section, resulting in better neutron economy and a stronger ability to breed nuclear fuel. Lead-bismuth cooled reactors are one of the six preferred reactor types for Generation 4 nuclear energy systems, possessing inherent advantages such as good safety, high energy density, and long operating life, making them a research hotspot in the field of small nuclear power sources in recent years.

[0004] Despite the numerous advantages of using liquid metal as a reactor coolant, nuclear reactor structural materials face many adverse factors when operating in a high-temperature liquid metal environment. These include accelerated failure of structural materials under high temperatures, damage to materials from complex alternating loads during reactor operation, oxidation of the liquid metal itself, and corrosion of structural materials. These factors severely restrict the development of lead-bismuth fast reactors. Fretting erosion between the cladding tubes of fuel rods is one of the main causes of fuel assembly failure. Specifically, during reactor operation, the coolant flows from bottom to top along the fuel rod direction across the surface of the fuel cladding tubes. Due to the high flow velocity, the fuel rods are disturbed and experience slight vibrations, leading to fretting friction and wear near the contact points of the cladding tubes. In severe cases, this can cause fuel rod breakage and leakage of radioactive products, thus affecting the safe operation of the nuclear power plant. Therefore, it is essential to conduct research on the fretting erosion behavior of structural materials in a high-temperature liquid metal environment, comprehensively assess the coupling effects of mechanical removal, high-temperature thermal effects, and chemical corrosion of liquid metal, deeply explore the accelerated failure mechanism of materials by liquid metal, and systematically reveal the tribochemical failure mechanism of materials in a liquid metal environment.

[0005] However, the service environment of fuel assemblies in high-temperature liquid metal is extremely harsh, specifically manifested in dynamic sealing under high temperature, high pressure, and high frequency, as well as the accurate acquisition of real-time data and precise control of operating parameters. Currently, only the Russian Academy of Sciences and the German KIT have conducted similar studies on lead-based fuel assemblies in 2008 and 2012, respectively, while there are still few domestic studies on fretting wear tests under simulated service conditions.

[0006] Chinese patent publication number CN117268896A discloses a lead-bismuth environment fretting wear testing device, which can simulate a flowing liquid lead-bismuth environment and achieve a certain degree of adaptive line contact tangential fretting. However, due to its overly complex and large internal fixtures, it cannot guarantee the accuracy of the fretting amplitude, and its loading lacks feedback adjustment, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of long-term operation.

[0007] Chinese patent publication number "CN117347209A" discloses a fretting corrosion wear tester suitable for high-temperature lead-bismuth environments, which can adjust the displacement amplitude and normal load. However, its internal fixtures, like those in "CN117268896A", are overly complex and bulky.

[0008] Chinese patent publication number CN218601078U discloses a composite fretting wear testing device for use in a liquid lead-bismuth environment. The device uses annular and sheet-like specimens for testing, with each specimen mounted on a separate clamp. One clamp drives the outer wall of the annular specimen to press against the sheet-like specimen, while the other clamp drives the sheet-like specimen to reciprocate at high speed, thus completing the fretting wear test. However, its internal components are all suspended, making it difficult to guarantee stability during long-term operation in high-temperature lead-bismuth environments. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tangential and punching composite micro-motion abrasion experimental device in a high-temperature liquid metal environment, in order to solve the technical problems in the background art.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A composite tangential and punching abrasion test apparatus in a high-temperature liquid metal environment includes: a test vessel, a melting vessel, a frame, a heating pipe unit, a normal force loading module, and a micro-motion module. The frame provides support. The melting vessel is located on one side of the frame and is used to melt solid metal into a liquid state under preset conditions. The test vessel is located on the other side of the frame. The test vessel unit, together with the normal force loading module and the micro-motion module, constructs a sample for fretting abrasion experiments in a liquid metal environment. The heating pipe unit guides the molten liquid metal in the melting vessel unit to the test vessel unit.

[0012] In some embodiments, the melting vessel includes a melting vessel body and a melting vessel lid that cooperate with each other. The melting vessel body structure includes a melting vessel base, melting vessel insulation cotton, melting vessel bottom heater, melting vessel wall heater, melting vessel stainless steel outer wall and melting vessel inner liner. The melting vessel base is connected and fixed to the frame, and the melting vessel inner liner is connected and fixed to the melting vessel base. The melting vessel bottom heater and melting vessel wall heater are respectively arranged on the bottom and outer wall of the melting vessel inner liner. The melting vessel insulation cotton is used to wrap the melting vessel bottom heater and melting vessel wall heater, and the melting vessel stainless steel outer wall is used to wrap the entire melting vessel body.

[0013] In some embodiments, the melting vessel lid includes a melting vessel lid bottom plate, a melting vessel lid top plate, a melting vessel support rod, a melting vessel hanging ring, a melting vessel pressure sensor, a melting vessel thermocouple sensor, a melting vessel oxygen sensor, a melting vessel liquid level sensor, a melting vessel inlet pipe, a melting vessel exhaust pipe, and a melting vessel venting pipe. The melting vessel pressure sensor, thermocouple sensor, oxygen sensor, and liquid level sensor are mounted on the melting vessel lid bottom plate. The melting vessel inlet pipe is used to supply Ar, Ar / O2, and Ar / H2 mixed gas with adjustable flow ratios into the melting vessel, ensuring the dissolved oxygen concentration inside the vessel under the feedback action of the melting vessel oxygen sensor. The melting vessel venting pipe is used to increase the gas pressure inside the vessel by introducing high-purity Ar into the melting vessel. The melting vessel lid bottom plate and the melting vessel lid top plate are connected by the melting vessel support rod, forming an installation space between them.

[0014] In some embodiments, the test vessel includes a test vessel body and a test vessel lid that cooperate with each other. The test vessel body structure includes a test vessel base, test vessel insulation cotton, test vessel bottom heater, test vessel stainless steel outer wall and test vessel inner liner. The test vessel base is connected and fixed to the frame, and the test vessel inner liner is connected and fixed to the test vessel base. A test vessel bottom heater is arranged at the bottom of the test vessel inner liner. The insulation cotton wraps the test vessel inner liner and the test vessel bottom heater. The test vessel stainless steel outer wall is used to wrap the entire test vessel body.

[0015] In some embodiments, the test vessel lid includes a test vessel lid base plate, a test vessel lid top plate, a test vessel support rod, a test vessel hanging ring, a test vessel pressure sensor, a test vessel thermocouple sensor, a test vessel oxygen sensor, a test vessel liquid level sensor, a test vessel air inlet pipe, and a test vessel exhaust pipe. The test vessel pressure sensor, the test vessel thermocouple sensor, the test vessel oxygen sensor, and the test vessel liquid level sensor are disposed on the lid base plate. The test vessel air inlet pipe is used to deliver high-purity Ar, Ar / O2, and Ar / H2 mixed gas with adjustable flow ratios into the test vessel, and the dissolved oxygen concentration inside the vessel is ensured under the feedback action of the test vessel oxygen sensor.

[0016] In some embodiments, the normal force loading module is installed on the lid of the test vessel. The normal force loading module includes a normal force loading unit, a normal force sensor, a normal force adapter, a normal force connecting block, a normal force linear bearing, a normal force water-cooling jacket, a normal force drive shaft, and a normal force grinding pair fixture. The normal force loading unit and the normal force sensor are bolted together, and the normal force adapter is bolted together with the normal force connecting block. The left and right normal force drive shafts are integrated, and the normal force grinding pair fixture is installed between the two shafts. The normal force drive shafts are positioned by the normal force linear bearing to ensure loading accuracy. The normal force linear bearing is bolted to the normal force water-cooling jacket, and the normal force water-cooling jacket is bolted to the bottom plate of the test vessel lid.

[0017] In some embodiments, the micro-motion module includes a voice coil motor base, a voice coil motor, a connecting plate, a connecting shaft, a heat insulation plate, a linear bearing, a water-cooling jacket, a sleeve, a transmission shaft, a guide rail, a cover plate, a slider, a micro-motion rod, and a sample fixture.

[0018] The voice coil motor is fixed to the voice coil motor base with screws, and the voice coil motor base is fixed to the frame. The connecting plate is fixed to the voice coil motor with bolts. The connecting plate is connected to one end of the connecting shaft, and the other end of the connecting shaft, the heat insulation plate, and the adapter block are connected by bolts. The linear bearing is fixed to one end of the water-cooling jacket with bolts. The inside of the water-cooling jacket is a sleeve that is welded to the inner wall of the test vessel. Both ends of the drive shaft have threaded holes. One end is connected to the adapter block, and the other end is connected to the slider. The guide rail is fixed to the cover plate with screws, and the cover plate is fixed to the bottom plate of the test vessel lid with bolts. The slider has threaded holes for fixing the micro-motion rod, and the sample clamp is bolted to the micro-motion rod.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0020] 1. The normal loading mechanism of the present invention is a composite mechanism, capable of providing two motion modes and offering more functions;

[0021] 2. This invention has a high degree of automation and high work efficiency;

[0022] 3. The present invention has a simple and reasonable structure, good overall stability, and is easy to operate;

[0023] 4. This invention can achieve service environments in different liquid metal environments;

[0024] 5. The experimental parameters of this invention are abundant, wide-ranging, and highly accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the experimental device for tangential and punching composite micro-motion abrasion in a high-temperature liquid metal environment provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 and Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a melting vessel;

[0027] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the test vessel;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the normal force loading mode;

[0029] Figure 7 This is the intention of the micro-motion module;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding pair. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, product, or display that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or display.

[0036] The following will combine Figures 1-8 This application provides a detailed description of a tangential and punching combined micro-motion abrasion experimental device in a high-temperature liquid metal environment, as described in the embodiments of this application. It is worth noting that the following embodiments are merely for explaining this application and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] See Figures 1-8 A composite tangential and punching abrasion experimental device for tangential and punching abrasion in a high-temperature liquid metal environment includes: a test vessel 1, a melting vessel 2, a frame 3, a heat tracing pipe unit, a normal force loading module 7, and a micro-motion module 6. The frame provides support. The melting vessel is located on one side of the frame and is used to melt solid metal into a liquid state under preset conditions. The test vessel is located on the other side of the frame. The test vessel unit, together with the normal force loading module and the micro-motion module, constructs a sample for fretting abrasion experiments in a liquid metal environment. The heat tracing pipe unit is used to guide the molten liquid metal in the melting vessel unit to the test vessel unit. The heat tracing pipe unit includes a heat tracing pipe 4 and a V-type ball valve 5. The melting vessel and the test vessel are connected by the heat tracing pipe, which is welded to the bottom of both vessels. The flow of the heat tracing pipe is controlled by a V-type ball valve.

[0039] The melting vessel includes a melting vessel body 14 and a matching melting vessel lid. The melting vessel body is mainly used to store high-temperature liquid metal and maintain a certain temperature. The melting vessel body structure includes a melting vessel base 23, melting vessel insulation cotton 21, melting vessel bottom heater 25, melting vessel wall heater 20, melting vessel stainless steel outer wall 22, and melting vessel inner liner 24. The melting vessel base is connected and fixed to the frame, and the melting vessel inner liner is connected and fixed to the melting vessel base. The melting vessel bottom heater and melting vessel wall heater are respectively arranged on the bottom and outer wall of the melting vessel inner liner. The melting vessel insulation cotton is used to wrap the melting vessel bottom heater and melting vessel wall heater, and the melting vessel stainless steel outer wall is used to wrap the entire melting vessel body.

[0040] The melting vessel lid includes a melting vessel lid bottom plate 13, a melting vessel lid top plate 8, a melting vessel support rod 9, a melting vessel hanging ring 19, a melting vessel pressure sensor 11, a melting vessel thermocouple sensor 15, a melting vessel oxygen sensor 10, a melting vessel liquid level sensor 17, a melting vessel air inlet pipe 12, a melting vessel exhaust pipe 16, and a melting vessel venting pipe 18. The melting vessel pressure sensor, melting vessel thermocouple sensor, melting vessel oxygen sensor, and melting vessel liquid level sensor are installed on the melting vessel lid bottom plate. Their function is to monitor the dissolved oxygen concentration, temperature, pressure value, and liquid level of the high-temperature liquid metal in the melting vessel in real time. The inlet pipe of the melting vessel is used to supply Ar, Ar / O2 and Ar / H2 mixed gas with adjustable flow ratio into the melting vessel, and to ensure the dissolved oxygen concentration in the vessel under the feedback of the oxygen sensor in the melting vessel; the vent pipe of the melting vessel is used to increase the gas pressure in the vessel by introducing high-purity Ar into the melting vessel; the bottom plate and the top plate of the melting vessel cover are connected by the melting vessel support rod, and an installation space is formed between the bottom plate and the top plate of the melting vessel cover.

[0041] In some embodiments, the test vessel includes a test vessel body 33 and a test vessel lid that cooperate with each other. The test vessel body is mainly used to temporarily store high-temperature liquid metal and maintain a certain temperature. After the test is completed, the high-temperature liquid metal will flow back to the melting vessel under the action of the liquid level difference. The test vessel body structure includes a test vessel base 40, a test vessel heat insulation cotton 38, a test vessel bottom heater 42, a test vessel stainless steel outer wall 39, and a test vessel inner liner 41. The test vessel base is connected and fixed to the frame, and the test vessel inner liner is connected and fixed to the test vessel base. A test vessel bottom heater is arranged at the bottom of the test vessel inner liner. The heat insulation cotton wraps the test vessel inner liner and the test vessel bottom heater. The test vessel stainless steel outer wall is used to wrap the entire test vessel body.

[0042] In some embodiments, the test vessel lid includes a test vessel lid base plate 37, a test vessel lid top plate 27, a test vessel support rod 28, a test vessel hanging ring 34, a test vessel pressure sensor 29, a test vessel thermocouple sensor 36, a test vessel oxygen sensor 30, a test vessel liquid level sensor 35, a test vessel air inlet pipe 32, and a test vessel exhaust pipe 31. The test vessel pressure sensor, the test vessel thermocouple sensor, the test vessel oxygen sensor, and the test vessel liquid level sensor are disposed on the lid base plate. The test vessel air inlet pipe is used to deliver high-purity Ar, Ar / O2, and Ar / H2 mixed gas with adjustable flow ratios into the test vessel. Under the feedback action of the test vessel oxygen sensor, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the vessel is ensured.

[0043] In some embodiments, the normal force loading module is installed on the lid of the test vessel. The normal force loading module includes a normal force loading unit 44, a normal force sensor 45, a normal force adapter 46, a normal force connecting block 47, a normal force linear bearing 51, a normal force water cooling jacket 52, a normal force drive shaft 53, and a normal force grinding pair fixture 49. The normal force loading unit and the normal force sensor are bolted together, and the normal force adapter is bolted together with the normal force connecting block. The left and right normal force drive shafts are designed as a single unit, and the normal force grinding pair fixture is installed between the left and right normal force drive shafts. The normal force drive shafts are positioned by the normal force linear bearing to ensure the accuracy of loading. The normal force linear bearing is bolted to the normal force water cooling jacket, and the normal force water cooling jacket is bolted to the bottom plate of the test vessel lid.

[0044] In some embodiments, the micro-motion module includes a voice coil motor base 60, a voice coil motor 61, a connecting plate 54, a connecting shaft 62, a heat insulation plate 55, a linear bearing 64, a water-cooling jacket 56, a sleeve 65, a transmission shaft 57, a guide rail 66, a cover plate 58, a slider 59, a micro-motion rod 67, and a sample clamp 68.

[0045] The voice coil motor is fixed to the voice coil motor base with screws, and the voice coil motor base is fixed to the frame. The connecting plate is fixed to the voice coil motor with bolts. The connecting plate is connected to one end of the connecting shaft, and the other end of the connecting shaft, the heat insulation plate, and the adapter block 63 are connected by bolts. The linear bearing is fixed to one end of the water cooling jacket with bolts. The inside of the water cooling jacket is a sleeve that is welded to the inner wall of the test vessel. Both ends of the drive shaft have threaded holes. One end is connected to the adapter block, and the other end is connected to the slider. The guide rail is fixed to the cover plate with screws, and the cover plate is fixed to the bottom plate of the test vessel cover with bolts. The slider has threaded holes for fixing the micro-motion rod, and the sample clamp and the micro-motion rod are connected by bolts.

[0046] Figure 7The diagram shows the fixture, in which the tubular sample is fixed by a sample clamp, which is bolted to a fine-motion rod. The slider drives the fine-motion rod to move slightly, which in turn causes the sample to move slightly. The grinding pair is fixed by a grinding pair clamp, which is screwed to a shim 69. The contact angle between the sample and the grinding pair can be changed by altering the angle of the shim, thus enabling fine-motion tests with 90° orthogonal tangential movement, as well as 30° and 60° contact angles.

[0047] This embodiment provides a fretting corrosion experimental device in a high-temperature liquid metal environment, which can simulate tangential fretting corrosion in a high-temperature liquid metal environment. The specific experimental operation steps are as follows:

[0048] Step 1: Set parameters for the high-temperature liquid metal in the melting vessel using the temperature control system and oxygen control system to ensure that the temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration reach the specified values;

[0049] Step 2: Clamp the sample and the grinding pair in their respective fixtures;

[0050] Step 3: Move the lid of the test vessel to the appropriate position, assemble the vessel body and lid with bolts, and set the heating temperature of the test vessel through the temperature control system;

[0051] Step 4: When the temperature of the test vessel reaches the predetermined value, the V-type ball valve is opened through the control system, and high-purity Ar is introduced into the melting vessel through the venting pipe to increase the gas pressure inside the vessel, thereby forcing the liquid metal into the test vessel along the heating pipe. After the liquid level sensor reaches the set value, the V-type ball valve automatically closes and the gas supply to the melting vessel is stopped. At this time, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the liquid metal in the test vessel is adjusted through the oxygen control system.

[0052] Step 5: When the temperature of the liquid metal and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the test vessel reach the specified values, set the output normal force, the micro-motion amplitude and micro-motion frequency of the voice coil motor on the control system, and set the running time. After adjusting all to the set values, click "Enable" to start the voice coil motor.

[0053] Step 6: After the running time is over, first stop heating the test vessel, then open the V-type ball valve to allow the liquid metal in the test vessel to flow back to the melting vessel. After the temperature inside the test vessel cools down to room temperature, remove the screws between the test vessel body and the vessel lid, lift the vessel lid using the lifting module, and then take out the test sample.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] This embodiment provides a micro-motion abrasion experimental device in a high-temperature liquid metal environment, which can simulate punching and cutting combined micro-motion abrasion in a high-temperature liquid metal environment. The specific experimental operation steps are as follows:

[0056] Step 1: Set parameters for the high-temperature liquid metal in the melting vessel using the temperature control system and oxygen control system to ensure that the temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration reach the specified values;

[0057] Step 2: Clamp the sample and the grinding pair in their respective fixtures;

[0058] Step 3: Move the lid of the test vessel to the appropriate position, assemble the vessel body and lid with bolts, and set the heating temperature of the test vessel through the temperature control system;

[0059] Step 4: When the temperature of the test vessel reaches the predetermined value, the V-type ball valve is opened through the control system, and high-purity Ar is introduced into the melting vessel through the venting pipe to increase the gas pressure inside the vessel, thereby forcing the liquid metal into the test vessel along the heating pipe. After the liquid level sensor reaches the set value, the V-type ball valve automatically closes and the gas supply to the melting vessel is stopped. At this time, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the liquid metal in the test vessel is adjusted through the oxygen control system.

[0060] Step 5: Once the temperature of the liquid metal and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the test vessel reach the specified values, set the impact force, the micro-motion amplitude and micro-motion frequency of the voice coil motor on the control system, and set the running time.

[0061] Step 6: After the running time is over, first stop heating the test vessel, then open the V-type ball valve to allow the liquid metal in the test vessel to flow back to the melting vessel. After the temperature inside the test vessel cools down to room temperature, remove the screws between the test vessel body and the vessel lid, lift the vessel lid using the lifting module, and then take out the test sample.

[0062] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tangential and punching composite micro-motion abrasion experimental device in a high-temperature liquid metal environment, characterized in that, include: The system includes a test vessel, a melting vessel, a frame, a heating pipe unit, a normal force loading module, and a micro-motion module. The frame provides support. The melting vessel is located on one side of the frame and is used to melt solid metal into a liquid state under preset conditions. The test vessel is located on the other side of the frame. The test vessel unit, together with the normal force loading module and the micro-motion module, constructs a sample for micro-motion abrasion experiments in a liquid metal environment. The heating pipe unit is used to guide the molten liquid metal in the melting vessel unit to the test vessel unit. The normal force loading module is installed on the lid of the test vessel. The module includes a normal force loading unit, a normal force sensor, a normal force adapter, a normal force connecting block, a normal force linear bearing, a normal force water-cooling jacket, a normal force drive shaft, and a normal force grinding fixture. The normal force loading unit and the normal force sensor are bolted together. The normal force sensor and the normal force connecting block are assembled using bolts via the normal force adapter. The left and right normal force drive shafts are integrated and connected to both ends of the normal force connecting block. The normal force grinding fixture is installed above a gasket located between the two normal force drive shafts. The normal force drive shafts are positioned by the normal force linear bearing to ensure loading accuracy. The normal force linear bearing is bolted to the normal force water-cooling jacket, which is then bolted to the bottom plate of the test vessel lid. The micro-motion module includes a voice coil motor base, a voice coil motor, a connecting plate, a connecting shaft, a heat insulation plate, a linear bearing, a water-cooling jacket, a sleeve, a drive shaft, a guide rail, a cover plate, a slider, a micro-motion rod, and a sample fixture. The voice coil motor is fixed to the voice coil motor base with screws, and the voice coil motor base is fixed to the frame. The connecting plate is fixed to the voice coil motor with bolts. The connecting plate is connected to one end of the connecting shaft, and the other end of the connecting shaft, the heat insulation plate, and the adapter block are connected by bolts. The linear bearing is fixed to one end of the water-cooling jacket with bolts. The inside of the water-cooling jacket is a sleeve, which is welded to the inner wall of the test vessel. Both ends of the drive shaft have threaded holes. One end is connected to the adapter block, and the other end is connected to the slider. The guide rail is fixed to the cover plate with screws, and the cover plate is fixed to the bottom plate of the test vessel lid with bolts. The slider has threaded holes for fixing the micro-motion rod. The sample clamp is bolted to the micro-motion rod. The sample clamp is connected to the bottom of the micro-motion rod, and the sample installed at the bottom of the sample clamp and the grinding pair below it undergo tangential micro-motion abrasion.

2. The experimental apparatus for tangential and punching combined micro-motion abrasion in a high-temperature liquid metal environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melting kettle includes a melting kettle body and a matching melting kettle lid. The melting kettle body structure includes a melting kettle base, melting kettle insulation cotton, melting kettle bottom heater, melting kettle wall heater, melting kettle stainless steel outer wall, and melting kettle inner liner. The melting kettle base is connected and fixed to the frame, and the melting kettle inner liner is connected and fixed to the melting kettle base. The melting kettle bottom heater and melting kettle wall heater are respectively arranged on the bottom and outer wall of the melting kettle inner liner. The melting kettle insulation cotton is used to wrap the melting kettle bottom heater and melting kettle wall heater, and the melting kettle stainless steel outer wall is used to wrap the entire melting kettle body.

3. The experimental device for tangential and punching combined micro-motion abrasion in a high-temperature liquid metal environment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The melting vessel lid includes a bottom plate, a top plate, a support rod, a hanging ring, a pressure sensor, a thermocouple sensor, an oxygen sensor, a level sensor, an inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, and a blower pipe. The pressure sensor, thermocouple sensor, oxygen sensor, and level sensor are mounted on the bottom plate. The inlet pipe supplies an adjustable flow rate of Ar, an Ar / O2, and an Ar / H2 mixture to the melting vessel, ensuring the dissolved oxygen concentration under the feedback of the oxygen sensor. The blower pipe increases the pressure inside the vessel by introducing high-purity Ar. The bottom and top plates are connected by the support rod, creating an installation space between them.

4. The experimental apparatus for tangential and punching combined micro-motion abrasion in a high-temperature liquid metal environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test vessel includes a test vessel body and a test vessel lid that fit together. The test vessel body structure includes a test vessel base, test vessel insulation cotton, test vessel bottom heater, test vessel stainless steel outer wall and test vessel inner liner. The test vessel base is connected and fixed to the frame, and the test vessel inner liner is connected and fixed to the test vessel base. The test vessel bottom heater is arranged at the bottom of the test vessel inner liner. The test vessel insulation cotton wraps the test vessel inner liner and the test vessel bottom heater. The test vessel stainless steel outer wall is used to wrap the entire test vessel body.

5. The experimental device for tangential and punching combined micro-motion abrasion in a high-temperature liquid metal environment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The test vessel lid includes a bottom plate, a top plate, a support rod, a hanging ring, a pressure sensor, a thermocouple sensor, an oxygen sensor, a liquid level sensor, an air inlet pipe, and an exhaust pipe. The pressure sensor, thermocouple sensor, oxygen sensor, and liquid level sensor are mounted on the bottom plate. The air inlet pipe is used to supply high-purity Ar, Ar / O2, and Ar / H2 mixed gas with adjustable flow ratios into the test vessel. The dissolved oxygen concentration inside the vessel is ensured by the feedback from the oxygen sensor.

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