A collection node and a forwarding node

Abstract

This application discloses an acquisition node and a forwarding node, relating to the field of data processing and transmission technology. The acquisition node includes: an acquisition module for acquiring data from various hydrophones as seismic data; a transmission module for transmitting the seismic data acquired by the acquisition module; and a first power supply module for power supply. The forwarding node includes: a forwarding module for forwarding the seismic data transmitted by the acquisition node; and a second power supply module for power supply. The acquisition node and forwarding node of this application have very simple structures and low costs. Each acquisition node can acquire seismic data independently, and the forwarding node can forward the seismic data acquired by each acquisition node, thereby achieving large-scale acquisition and transmission of seismic data, thus enriching the amount of seismic data and providing a diverse data foundation for related geological and geophysical research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of data processing and transmission technology, and in particular to a data acquisition node and a forwarding node. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, earthquake data acquisition is difficult and costly, resulting in a limited amount of earthquake data. Related technologies are generally used to conduct research on earthquake data collected by a very small number of multi-cable research vessels, making it difficult to carry out specific and detailed research on geology and geophysics. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this application is to propose a data acquisition node and a forwarding node to improve the efficiency of seismic data acquisition and reduce acquisition costs.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, one aspect of this application provides a data acquisition node, which includes a data acquisition module, a transmission module, and a first power supply module;

[0005] The acquisition module is used to acquire data from each hydrophone as seismic data; each hydrophone is connected to the acquisition node.

[0006] The transmission module is used to transmit the seismic data acquired by the acquisition module;

[0007] The first power module is used for power supply.

[0008] In some embodiments, the acquisition module includes: a first control unit, a synchronization control circuit, a status monitoring circuit, multiple analog-to-digital conversion circuits, and a digital-to-analog conversion circuit;

[0009] The first terminal of each analog-to-digital converter is connected to a hydrophone, the second terminal of each analog-to-digital converter is connected to the digital-to-analog converter, the third terminal of each analog-to-digital converter is connected to the synchronization control circuit, and the fourth terminal of each analog-to-digital converter is connected to the first control unit.

[0010] The synchronization control unit is also connected to the first control unit, and the first control unit is also connected to the status monitoring circuit and the transmission module respectively.

[0011] In some embodiments, multiple acquisition nodes are connected sequentially via working sections; multiple hydrophones are provided within the working sections;

[0012] The acquisition module is used to acquire data collected by each hydrophone in the working section on both sides of the acquisition node as the seismic data.

[0013] The transmission module is used to transmit the seismic data acquired by the acquisition module at this level and / or the acquisition module at the next lower level to the transmission module at the next higher level or the forwarding node; the forwarding node is used to forward the seismic data.

[0014] In some embodiments, the transmission module includes: a second control unit, a first driver chip, a second driver chip, a first equalizer chip, a second equalizer chip, a first isolation transformer, a second isolation transformer, a clock data recovery chip, a reset circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, a JTAG download circuit, and a power supply circuit.

[0015] The second control unit is connected to the first driver chip, the first equalization chip, the second driver chip, the clock data recovery chip, the reset circuit, the crystal oscillator circuit, the JTAG download circuit, and the acquisition module, respectively.

[0016] The first driver chip and the first equalization chip are also connected to the first isolation transformer, and the first isolation transformer is also connected to the next-level transmission module or the forwarding node.

[0017] The second driver chip is also connected to the second isolation transformer, the second equalization chip is connected to the clock data recovery chip and the second isolation transformer respectively, and the second isolation transformer is also connected to the upper-level transmission module.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of the embodiments of this application proposes a forwarding node, which includes a forwarding module and a second power module;

[0019] The forwarding module is used to forward seismic data transmitted by an acquisition node as described above;

[0020] The second power module is used to supply power.

[0021] In some embodiments, one forwarding node and multiple acquisition nodes are mounted on a single tow cable; the forwarding nodes are connected sequentially.

[0022] The forwarding module is used to forward the seismic data collected by each acquisition node of the current tow cable and / or the previous tow cable to the forwarding module or lumping node of the next tow cable; the last forwarding node serves as the lumping node; the lumping node establishes a communication connection with the recording system.

[0023] In some embodiments, the forwarding module includes: a second control unit, a first driver chip, two second driver chips, a first equalizer chip, two second equalizer chips, a first isolation transformer, two second isolation transformers, two clock data recovery chips, a reset circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, a JTAG download circuit, and a power supply circuit.

[0024] The second control unit is connected to the first driver chip, the first equalization chip, two second driver chips, two clock data recovery chips, the reset circuit, the crystal oscillator circuit, the JTAG download circuit, and the acquisition module, respectively.

[0025] The first driver chip and the first equalization chip are also connected to the first isolation transformer, and the first isolation transformer is also connected to the next-level transmission module or the forwarding node.

[0026] The two second driver chips are also connected to a second isolation transformer, the two second equalization chips are respectively connected to a clock data recovery chip and a second isolation transformer, and the two second isolation transformers are respectively connected to the corresponding upper-level transmission module.

[0027] In some embodiments, the aggregation node includes a first photoelectric transceiver module, and the recording system includes a second photoelectric transceiver module;

[0028] The first optoelectronic transceiver module is used to convert the seismic data in electrical signal form into the seismic data in optical signal form;

[0029] The second photoelectric transceiver module is used to convert the seismic data in optical signal form into the seismic data in electrical signal form.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first optoelectronic transceiver module includes an underwater wet-end optoelectronic conversion chamber;

[0031] The second optoelectronic transceiver module includes a marine dry-end optoelectronic conversion cabin.

[0032] In some embodiments, the lumped node transmits the seismic data in the form of an optical signal obtained by the first optoelectronic transceiver module to the second optoelectronic transceiver module via an armored optoelectronic composite cable; wherein, the armored optoelectronic composite cable includes a signal line, an optical fiber, and an electrical conductor; the armored optoelectronic composite cable is used to transmit signals and electrical energy.

[0033] The embodiments of this application include at least the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The acquisition node of this application includes: an acquisition module for acquiring data from various hydrophones as seismic data; a transmission module for transmitting the seismic data acquired by the acquisition module; and a first power supply module for power supply. The forwarding node of this application includes: a forwarding module for forwarding the seismic data transmitted by the acquisition node; and a second power supply module for power supply. Both the acquisition node and the forwarding node of this application have very simple structures and low costs. Each acquisition node can acquire seismic data independently, and the forwarding node can forward the seismic data acquired by each acquisition node, thereby achieving large-scale acquisition and transmission of seismic data. This enriches the amount of seismic data and provides a diverse data foundation for related geological and geophysical research. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data acquisition node provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 An example structural diagram of a data acquisition module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 A sample flowchart of a data acquisition node self-test is provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 An example structural diagram of a transmission module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a forwarding node according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6 An example structural diagram of a forwarding module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 7 This is an example structural diagram of a lumped module provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit it. In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with those of this application; they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0044] It is understood that the terms “first,” “second,” etc., used in this application may be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise stated, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the words “if,” “when,” or “in response to a determination” as used herein may be interpreted as “when…” or “when…” or “in response to a determination.”

[0045] As used in this application, the terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any", etc., "at least one" includes one, two or more, "multiple" includes two or more, "each" refers to each of the corresponding multiples, and "any" refers to any one of the multiples.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 This application provides a data acquisition node, which includes a data acquisition module, a transmission module, and a first power supply module.

[0048] The acquisition module is used to acquire data from each hydrophone as seismic data; each hydrophone is connected to the acquisition node.

[0049] The transmission module is used to transmit the seismic data acquired by the acquisition module;

[0050] The first power module is used for power supply.

[0051] In some optional embodiments, the acquisition module includes: a first control unit, a synchronization control circuit, a status monitoring circuit, multiple analog-to-digital conversion circuits, and a digital-to-analog conversion circuit;

[0052] The first terminal of each analog-to-digital converter is connected to a hydrophone, the second terminal of each analog-to-digital converter is connected to the digital-to-analog converter, the third terminal of each analog-to-digital converter is connected to the synchronization control circuit, and the fourth terminal of each analog-to-digital converter is connected to the first control unit.

[0053] The synchronization control unit is also connected to the first control unit, and the first control unit is also connected to the status monitoring circuit and the transmission module respectively.

[0054] For example, each control unit in the embodiments of this application can be an FPGA, that is, the first control unit can be an FPGA. Based on this, this embodiment provides an optional acquisition module, which can be referred to in detail. Figure 2 .

[0055] Specifically, an example of the acquisition module structure of the acquisition node is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the acquisition module first conditions the 24-channel signal. The conditioned signal is then converted from analog to digital by an ADC, and the converted digital signal is input to the FPGA for transmission to the transmission module. Simultaneously, the acquisition module is equipped with a self-test module to check the acquisition parameters of the acquisition node. The FPGA of the acquisition module receives and parses the command signals sent by the transmission module, and performs data acquisition or self-testing of the acquisition node according to the command signals.

[0056] When the acquisition node is acquiring data, the FPGA sends a command to configure the ADC to acquire the hydrophone signal and perform signal conditioning. The conditioned underwater acoustic signal is then converted from analog to digital by the ADC and sent to the FPGA for transmission to the transmission module. When the acquisition node is performing a self-test, the FPGA controls the analog switch to switch to the DAC self-test signal and generates a corresponding test signal according to the command. After signal conditioning, the test signal is converted from analog to digital by the ADC and sent to the FPGA for transmission to the transmission module.

[0057] As a further implementation, a self-checking module on the acquisition module can be used to check the acquisition parameters of the acquisition nodes. Before normal data acquisition, a self-check can be performed as needed to ensure accurate seismic data acquisition and improve the reliability of the acquired data. Figure 3 As shown, the acquisition module selects its operating mode according to the commands from the recording system. When the acquisition module receives a self-test command from the recording system, it generates the standard reference signal required for the self-test, and the acquisition node enters self-test mode. If the acquisition module does not need to perform a self-test, the acquisition node enters normal data acquisition and configures the signal acquisition module to enter normal acquisition mode. Finally, the acquired seismic data is uploaded to the transmission module of the relay node.

[0058] As an optional implementation, multiple acquisition nodes are connected sequentially through a working section; multiple hydrophones are installed within the working section.

[0059] The acquisition module is used to acquire data collected by each hydrophone in the working section on both sides of the acquisition node as the seismic data.

[0060] The transmission module is used to transmit the seismic data acquired by the acquisition module at this level and / or the acquisition module at the next lower level to the transmission module at the next higher level or the forwarding node; the forwarding node is used to forward the seismic data.

[0061] Furthermore, the transmission module includes: a second control unit, a first driver chip, a second driver chip, a first equalizer chip, a second equalizer chip, a first isolation transformer, a second isolation transformer, a clock data recovery chip, a reset circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, a JTAG download circuit, and a power supply circuit;

[0062] The second control unit is connected to the first driver chip, the first equalization chip, the second driver chip, the clock data recovery chip, the reset circuit, the crystal oscillator circuit, the JTAG download circuit, and the acquisition module, respectively.

[0063] The first driver chip and the first equalization chip are also connected to the first isolation transformer, and the first isolation transformer is also connected to the next-level transmission module or the forwarding node.

[0064] The second driver chip is also connected to the second isolation transformer, the second equalization chip is connected to the clock data recovery chip and the second isolation transformer respectively, and the second isolation transformer is also connected to the upper-level transmission module.

[0065] Specifically, Figure 4This is an exemplary hardware structure diagram of a data acquisition node transmission module. The hardware of the data acquisition node transmission module consists of an FPGA, FPGA peripheral circuits, a driver chip, an equalizer chip, an isolation transformer, a clock / data recovery chip, and a power supply. The FPGA controls the entire data transmission process of the data acquisition node transmission module, including receiving, identifying, and sending downlink command information, receiving and sending downlink synchronization information, receiving and uploading local data, and receiving and uploading data from lower-level acquisition nodes. The FPGA peripheral circuits include a crystal oscillator, a reset circuit, and a JTAG download circuit. The crystal oscillator provides the operating clock for the FPGA, the reset circuit restores the circuit to its initial state, and the JTAG download circuit completes program writing and debugging. The equalizer chip receives data; after long-distance transmission, the signal attenuates. The equalizer chip equalizes and shapes the data to restore it to its original state at the time of transmission. The driver chip transmits data, driving the transmission signal and adjusting the voltage of the output signal at the transmitting end to reduce signal attenuation. The isolation transformer not only enhances the signal and reduces signal attenuation but also isolates external electromagnetic interference signals and high voltages, improving the circuit board's anti-interference and resilience. The clock data recovery chip recovers the clock signal from the serial data, providing the operating clock for data processing within the FPGA. The power supply provides power to all the above circuits, including 5V, 3.3V, 2.5V, and 1.2V.

[0066] Commands and synchronization information issued by the forwarding node first pass through the isolation transformer of the acquisition node's transmission module. After signal shaping by the equalization chip, they are input to the FPGA. The FPGA receives and parses the commands and forwards the commands and synchronization information. After passing through the driver chip and isolation transformer, the data is sent to the next-level acquisition node. Data from the next-level acquisition node also passes through the isolation transformer and equalization chip before entering the clock data recovery chip. The clock is recovered from the data, and the recovered clock and data are input to the FPGA. The FPGA receives the data, frames it, and sends it. After passing through the driver chip and isolation transformer, the data is uploaded to the upper-level node. The acquisition module of the local acquisition node directly sends data to the FPGA. The FPGA receives the data, frames it, and sends it. After passing through the driver chip and isolation transformer, the data is uploaded to the upper-level node.

[0067] Reference Figure 5 Another aspect of this application provides a forwarding node, which includes a forwarding module and a second power module;

[0068] The forwarding module is used to forward seismic data transmitted by an acquisition node as described in the embodiments of this application;

[0069] The second power module is used to supply power.

[0070] As a further implementation, one of the forwarding nodes and multiple of the acquisition nodes are mounted on a single tow cable; each of the forwarding nodes is connected sequentially.

[0071] The forwarding module is used to forward the seismic data collected by each acquisition node of the current tow cable and / or the previous tow cable to the forwarding module or lumping node of the next tow cable; the last forwarding node serves as the lumping node; the lumping node establishes a communication connection with the recording system.

[0072] Furthermore, the forwarding module includes: a second control unit, a first driver chip, two second driver chips, a first equalizer chip, two second equalizer chips, a first isolation transformer, two second isolation transformers, two clock data recovery chips, a reset circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, a JTAG download circuit, and a power supply circuit;

[0073] The second control unit is connected to the first driver chip, the first equalization chip, two second driver chips, two clock data recovery chips, the reset circuit, the crystal oscillator circuit, the JTAG download circuit, and the acquisition module, respectively.

[0074] The first driver chip and the first equalization chip are also connected to the first isolation transformer, and the first isolation transformer is also connected to the next-level transmission module or the forwarding node.

[0075] The two second driver chips are also connected to a second isolation transformer, the two second equalization chips are respectively connected to a clock data recovery chip and a second isolation transformer, and the two second isolation transformers are respectively connected to the corresponding upper-level transmission module.

[0076] Figure 6 One exemplary hardware structure is that of the forwarding module of the forwarding node. The hardware of the forwarding module and the data acquisition node transmission module are basically the same in composition, consisting of an FPGA, FPGA peripheral circuits, a driver chip, an equalization chip, an isolation transformer, a clock data recovery chip, and a power supply. However, the forwarding node functionally performs dual-level data transmission, receiving data from lower-level forwarding nodes and the data acquisition nodes of its own level, while simultaneously forwarding commands and synchronization information to lower-level forwarding nodes and the data acquisition nodes of its own level. Therefore, a dual-path transmission circuit is designed.

[0077] The functions of each part in the forwarding module hardware circuit of the forwarding node are completely consistent with those of the acquisition node transmission module. Similarly, the process of receiving commands and synchronization information in the forwarding module is the same as that in the acquisition node transmission module. However, when forwarding the commands and synchronization information, they are sent to the lower-level forwarding node and the current-level acquisition node after passing through two driver chips and isolation transformers. The data of this working segment enters the clock data recovery chip after passing through the isolation transformer and equalization chip. The clock is recovered from the data, and the recovered clock and recovered data are input into the FPGA. After waiting for the data from both acquisition nodes of this working segment to be received, the data is framed and sent. After passing through the driver chip and isolation transformer, the data is uploaded to the upper-level node. The data of the lower-level forwarding node enters the clock data recovery chip after passing through the isolation transformer and equalization chip. The clock is recovered from the data, and the recovered clock and recovered data are input into the FPGA. After being framed by the FPGA, the data is uploaded to the upper-level node after passing through the driver chip and isolation transformer.

[0078] Figure 7 One exemplary hardware structure is that of a forwarding node aggregation module, which differs slightly in composition from the forwarding node forwarding module. The forwarding node of working segment 1 is connected to the preamble segment, which uses optical fiber for data transmission; therefore, the forwarding node aggregation module must have photoelectric conversion functionality. The forwarding node aggregation module consists of an FPGA, FPGA peripheral circuitry, a driver chip, an equalization chip, an isolation transformer, a clock / data recovery chip, a photoelectric transceiver module, and a power supply. The photoelectric transceiver module is added to the hardware circuitry of the forwarding node aggregation module to convert the electrical signals of the data into optical signals, which are then transmitted to the recording system via the preamble segment.

[0079] This embodiment employs a fully digital signal transmission method, uploading the acquired data from all channels to the recording system in a step-by-step manner. Seismic data is transmitted in a pipeline fashion from the tail end to the lumping module. Each acquisition node's transmission module, the forwarding modules at the front ends of cables 2, 3, and 4, and the lumping module at the front end of cable 1 are equipped with equalizers and isolation transformers. During long-distance transmission, the data stream suffers from strong signal attenuation and noise interference. The equalizer compensates for signal loss, allowing the received seismic data signal to recover its original strength. The isolation transformer isolates the local transmission module from interference on the communication link, providing isolation protection for the transmission / forwarding modules.

[0080] As another optional implementation, the aggregation node includes a first photoelectric transceiver module, and the recording system includes a second photoelectric transceiver module;

[0081] The first optoelectronic transceiver module is used to convert the seismic data in electrical signal form into the seismic data in optical signal form;

[0082] The second photoelectric transceiver module is used to convert the seismic data in optical signal form into the seismic data in electrical signal form.

[0083] Furthermore, the first optoelectronic transceiver module includes an underwater wet-end optoelectronic conversion chamber;

[0084] The second optoelectronic transceiver module includes a marine dry-end optoelectronic conversion cabin.

[0085] In some embodiments, the lumped node transmits the seismic data in the form of an optical signal obtained by the first optoelectronic transceiver module to the second optoelectronic transceiver module via an armored optoelectronic composite cable; wherein, the armored optoelectronic composite cable includes a signal line, an optical fiber, and an electrical conductor; the armored optoelectronic composite cable is used to transmit signals and electrical energy.

[0086] Among them, the armored optoelectronic composite cable can be used as a lead section to connect the lumped module and the recording system.

[0087] Optionally, the optoelectronic transceiver module includes an underwater wet-end optoelectronic conversion chamber and a surface dry-end optoelectronic conversion chamber. The underwater wet-end optoelectronic conversion chamber receives seismic data in electrical signal form from the lumped module and converts it into optical signal form. This optical signal is then transmitted to the surface dry-end optoelectronic conversion chamber via a leader section. The surface dry-end optoelectronic conversion chamber converts the optical signal form back into electrical signal form and then transmits it to the recording system via a deck section. The leader section is an armored optoelectronic composite cable, which mainly includes signal lines, optical fibers, and electrical conductors. It is primarily used to transmit the signals and electrical energy required by the acquisition nodes and relay nodes.

[0088] After the acquisition module of the acquisition node completes data acquisition, it frames the multi-channel data and uploads it. The forwarding node forwards the seismic data of each towed cable to the previous level forwarding node for uploading, and then uploads it to the recording system through a single lead section. The number of towed cables deployed in this embodiment is less limited by the ship's facilities, has strong scalability and flexibility, and inherits the advantages of multi-leader section, multi-working section, and multi-channel hydrophone exploration structure, thereby improving the efficiency of seismic data acquisition and reducing acquisition costs.

[0089] The lumped module of the forwarding node consists of an FPGA, FPGA peripheral circuits, a driver chip, an equalization chip, an isolation transformer, a clock data recovery chip, an optoelectronic transceiver module, and a power supply. In addition to data transmission, the forwarding node also has self-monitoring functions for temperature, air pressure, voltage, current, and other status parameters.

[0090] The embodiments described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application, and may include more or fewer structures than shown, or combine certain structures, or different structures.

[0092] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0093] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0094] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this does not limit the scope of the claims of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and substance of the embodiments of the present application shall be within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A data acquisition node, characterized in that, The acquisition node includes an acquisition module, a transmission module, and a first power supply module; The acquisition module is used to acquire data from each hydrophone as seismic data; each hydrophone is connected to the acquisition node. The transmission module is used to transmit the seismic data acquired by the acquisition module; The first power module is used for power supply; The acquisition module includes: a first control unit, a synchronization control circuit, a status monitoring circuit, multiple analog-to-digital conversion circuits, and a digital-to-analog conversion circuit; the first control unit is an FPGA; The first terminal of each analog-to-digital converter is connected to a hydrophone, the second terminal of each analog-to-digital converter is connected to the digital-to-analog converter, the third terminal of each analog-to-digital converter is connected to the synchronization control circuit, and the fourth terminal of each analog-to-digital converter is connected to the first control unit. The synchronization control circuit is also connected to the first control unit, and the first control unit is also connected to the status monitoring circuit and the transmission module respectively. Multiple acquisition nodes are connected sequentially via a working section; multiple hydrophones are installed within the working section. The acquisition module is used to acquire data collected by each hydrophone in the working section on both sides of the acquisition node as the seismic data. The transmission module is used to transmit the seismic data acquired by the acquisition module at this level and / or the acquisition module at the next lower level to the transmission module at the next higher level or the forwarding node; the forwarding node is used to forward the seismic data.

2. The acquisition node according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission module includes: a second control unit, a first driver chip, a second driver chip, a first equalizer chip, a second equalizer chip, a first isolation transformer, a second isolation transformer, a clock data recovery chip, a reset circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, a JTAG download circuit, and a power supply circuit; The second control unit is connected to the first driver chip, the first equalization chip, the second driver chip, the clock data recovery chip, the reset circuit, the crystal oscillator circuit, the JTAG download circuit, and the acquisition module, respectively. The first driver chip and the first equalization chip are also connected to the first isolation transformer, and the first isolation transformer is also connected to the next-level transmission module or the forwarding node. The second driver chip is also connected to the second isolation transformer, the second equalization chip is connected to the clock data recovery chip and the second isolation transformer respectively, and the second isolation transformer is also connected to the upper-level transmission module.

3. A forwarding node, characterized in that, The forwarding node includes a forwarding module and a second power module; The forwarding module is used to forward seismic data transmitted by an acquisition node as described in any one of claims 1 to 2; The second power module is used to supply power.

4. A forwarding node according to claim 3, characterized in that, One forwarding node and multiple acquisition nodes are mounted on a single tow cable; the forwarding nodes are connected sequentially. The forwarding module is used to forward the seismic data collected by each acquisition node of the current tow cable and / or the previous tow cable to the forwarding module or lumping node of the next tow cable; the last forwarding node serves as the lumping node; the lumping node establishes a communication connection with the recording system.

5. A forwarding node according to claim 4, characterized in that, The forwarding module includes: a second control unit, a first driver chip, two second driver chips, a first equalizer chip, two second equalizer chips, a first isolation transformer, two second isolation transformers, two clock data recovery chips, a reset circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, a JTAG download circuit, and a power supply circuit; The second control unit is connected to the first driver chip, the first equalization chip, two second driver chips, two clock data recovery chips, the reset circuit, the crystal oscillator circuit, the JTAG download circuit, and the acquisition module, respectively. The first driver chip and the first equalization chip are also connected to the first isolation transformer, and the first isolation transformer is also connected to the next-level transmission module or the forwarding node. The two second driver chips are also connected to a second isolation transformer, the two second equalization chips are respectively connected to a clock data recovery chip and a second isolation transformer, and the two second isolation transformers are respectively connected to the corresponding upstream transmission module.

6. A forwarding node according to claim 4, characterized in that, The aggregation node includes a first photoelectric transceiver module, and the recording system includes a second photoelectric transceiver module; The first optoelectronic transceiver module is used to convert the seismic data in electrical signal form into the seismic data in optical signal form; The second photoelectric transceiver module is used to convert the seismic data in optical signal form into the seismic data in electrical signal form.

7. A forwarding node according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first optoelectronic transceiver module includes an underwater wet-end optoelectronic conversion chamber; The second optoelectronic transceiver module includes a marine dry-end optoelectronic conversion cabin.

8. A forwarding node according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lumped node transmits the seismic data in the form of optical signals converted by the first optoelectronic transceiver module to the second optoelectronic transceiver module via an armored optoelectronic composite cable; wherein, the armored optoelectronic composite cable includes signal lines, optical fibers and electrical wires; the armored optoelectronic composite cable is used to transmit signals and electrical energy.

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