Roadway monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a roadway monitoring system and method. The system comprises a simulated seismic source, a seismic pickup sensor, an edge calculation substation and a multi-type sensor, the edge calculation substation is connected with each type of sensor, simulates a seismic source and is used for impacting an underground monitoring area to excite simulated seismic waves; the sensors of different types are used for collecting monitoring data of different dimensions associated with the roadway; the edge calculation substation is used for acquiring the vibration signal monitored by the vibration pickup sensor, judging whether an impact event occurs in the monitoring area or not according to the amplitude and vibration duration of the vibration signal, responding to the impact event occurring in the monitoring area, acquiring multi-dimensional target monitoring data when the impact event occurs from the multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the roadway, and sending the multi-dimensional target monitoring data to the edge calculation substation; and judging whether the roadway support equipment is in a stable state or not according to the multi-dimensional target monitoring data. According to the method, the stability condition of the roadway supporting equipment is predicted in advance, the abnormal roadway supporting equipment can be remedied in advance, and the underground operation safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of geophysical detection technology, and in particular to a tunnel monitoring system and method. Background Art

[0002] Rock burst is one of the major hazards in coal mining. The elastic deformation energy released instantly during rock burst will overturn production equipment, damage tunnel support equipment, damage tunnels and working faces, and cause casualties. How to monitor tunnel support equipment in tunnels to improve mine safety has become a research focus. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

[0004] To this end, the first purpose of the present application is to propose a tunnel monitoring system to predict the stability of tunnel support equipment so as to take remedial measures in advance and thereby improve the safety of underground operations.

[0005] The second objective of this application is to propose a tunnel monitoring method.

[0006] The third objective of the present application is to provide an electronic device.

[0007] A fourth objective of the present application is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0008] A fifth object of the present application is to provide a computer program product.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first embodiment of the present application proposes a tunnel monitoring system, including:

[0010] Simulate earthquake sources, earthquake-picking sensors, edge computing substations, and multiple types of sensors; wherein the edge computing substations are connected to each type of sensor;

[0011] The simulated seismic source is used to impact the monitoring area in the well to stimulate simulated seismic waves;

[0012] Different types of sensors are used to collect monitoring data of different dimensions associated with the roadway;

[0013] The edge computing substation is used to obtain the vibration signal monitored by the vibration pickup sensor, determine whether an impact event occurs in the monitoring area based on the amplitude and vibration duration of the vibration signal, and in response to the impact event occurring in the monitoring area, obtain multi-dimensional target monitoring data when the impact event occurs from the multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the tunnel, and determine whether the tunnel support equipment is in a stable state based on the multi-dimensional target monitoring data.

[0014] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a second embodiment of the present application proposes a tunnel monitoring method, comprising:

[0015] Control the simulated seismic source to impact the monitoring area underground to stimulate simulated seismic waves;

[0016] Acquire a vibration signal monitored by a vibration pickup sensor arranged in the tunnel hole, and determine whether an impact event occurs in the monitoring area according to the amplitude and vibration duration of the vibration signal;

[0017] Collecting multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the lane, and obtaining multi-dimensional target monitoring data when the impact event occurs from the multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the lane;

[0018] Based on the multi-dimensional target monitoring data, determine whether the tunnel support equipment is in a stable state.

[0019] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the third aspect embodiment of the present application proposes an electronic device, comprising: a processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor can execute the lane monitoring method described in the first aspect embodiment above.

[0020] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fourth aspect of the present application proposes a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute the tunnel monitoring method described in the above-mentioned first aspect of the embodiment.

[0021] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fifth embodiment of the present application proposes a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the lane monitoring method described in the first embodiment above.

[0022] The tunnel monitoring system and method provided in the present application can simulate earthquakes in the monitoring area in advance by simulating the earthquake source, and collect vibration signals when the tunnel is impacted during the earthquake simulation process to identify whether there is an impact event in the tunnel. When storing the impact event, multi-dimensional monitoring data related to the tunnel is collected, and based on the multi-dimensional monitoring data, it is determined whether the tunnel support equipment is in a stable state. By predicting the stability of the tunnel support equipment in advance, the tunnel support equipment that is abnormal or has poor stability can be remedied in advance, thereby improving the safety of underground operations.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a laneway monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the layout of the devices in the lane provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a ground central station provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process flow of a laneway monitoring method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a lane monitoring result provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0032] The tunnel monitoring system and method of the embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 The following is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lane monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the lane monitoring system 100 includes:

[0034] Simulate a seismic source 11 , a seismic pickup sensor 12 , an edge computing substation 13 , and multiple types of sensors 14 ; wherein the edge computing substation 13 is connected to the seismic pickup sensor 12 and each type of sensor 14 .

[0035] In some embodiments, the simulated seismic source 11 is used to impact the monitoring area downhole to stimulate simulated seismic waves;

[0036] In some embodiments, different types of sensors 14 are used to collect monitoring data of different dimensions associated with the laneway;

[0037] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation 13 is used to obtain the vibration signal monitored by the vibration pickup sensor 12, and determine whether an impact event occurs in the monitoring area based on the amplitude and duration of the vibration signal; in response to an impact event occurring in the monitoring area, determine the associated information of the impact event; based on the associated information of the impact event, obtain multi-dimensional target monitoring data when the impact event occurs from the multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the tunnel; and based on the multi-dimensional target monitoring data, determine whether the tunnel support equipment is in a stable state.

[0038] In some embodiments, the geological conditions of the monitoring area underground may be monitored in advance, and the working parameters of the simulated seismic source 11 may be configured according to the monitored geological conditions.

[0039] In some embodiments, the simulated seismic source 11 may include, but is not limited to: a hammer seismic source, an impact seismic source, for example, a seismic source that launches impact bombs.

[0040] In some embodiments, the simulated seismic source 11 may be a self-moving device, and may generate driving path information based on the location information of the monitoring area. The simulated seismic source 11 may move to the monitoring area based on the driving path information.

[0041] In some embodiments, in response to the simulated seismic source 11 arriving at the monitoring area in the well, the monitoring area may be impacted according to the configured working parameters to stimulate simulated seismic waves.

[0042] In some embodiments, the simulated seismic source 11 can determine whether it has reached the detection area through its own positioning capability.

[0043] In some embodiments, after the simulated seismic source 11 reaches the monitoring area underground, it can send arrival indication information to the edge computing substation 13. The edge computing substation 13 can configure working parameters and issue working instructions to the simulated seismic source 11, so as to control the simulated seismic source 11 to impact the monitoring area.

[0044] Optionally, the simulated seismic source 11 can be manually set by the host computer, using the underground gas source as power, and simulating the small impact of the tunnel by instantly releasing the air hammer to hit the anchor rod, so as to verify the synchronization of the impact and the tunnel support monitoring. The simulated seismic source used in this application can use the underground gas source as power, and simulate the small impact of the tunnel by instantly releasing the air hammer to hit the anchor rod. The energy required is much less than the energy of blasting, which greatly improves the safety of the artificial seismic source.

[0045] In some embodiments, the multi-type sensors 14 may include, but are not limited to:

[0046] Anchor rod or anchor cable stress sensor 141;

[0047] Four base point surrounding rock movement sensors 142;

[0048] Multi-point displacement sensor 143;

[0049] Tunnel cross-section scanning sensor 144;

[0050] Borehole stress sensor 145.

[0051] In some embodiments, sensors are deployed at multiple locations in the lane, such as Figure 2 As shown, the vibration sensor 12 can be arranged in the first top borehole of the tunnel and located at the end of the first top borehole. Optionally, the vibration sensor 12 can be a three-component vibration sensor for drilling, arranged in a borehole of a set depth in the tunnel roof, for example, a borehole of 20 meters in depth. The vibration sensor 12 receives the vibration signal generated when the tunnel is impacted.

[0052] The anchor rod or anchor cable stress sensor 141 may be arranged on the contact surface between the anchor rod or anchor cable and the tunnel. Optionally, the length of the anchor rod or anchor cable may be determined as required, for example, it may be a 3-meter anchor rod or anchor cable.

[0053] The four-base point surrounding rock movement sensors 142 can be arranged at four positions in the second top borehole of the tunnel. Optionally, the depth of the second top borehole can be set as required, for example, a borehole with a depth of 7 meters.

[0054] The multi-point displacement sensor 143 is arranged at the beginning of the third top borehole of the tunnel. Optionally, the multi-point displacement sensor 143 can be an acoustic wave multi-point displacement sensor, and correspondingly, a variety of electromagnetic induction devices can be arranged at multiple positions in the third top borehole. The acoustic wave multi-point displacement sensor 143 can emit sound waves into the third top borehole, and the electromagnetic induction device in the hole can return a corresponding signal after inducing the sound waves. Optionally, the depth of the third top borehole can be set as needed, for example, it can be a borehole with a depth of 8 meters.

[0055] The tunnel cross-section scanning sensor 144 can be arranged on the tunnel surface to scan the tunnel cross-section. For example, it can be arranged on the top of the tunnel or on the side of the tunnel.

[0056] The borehole stress sensor 145 is arranged in the side borehole of the tunnel and is located at the end of the borehole. Optionally, the depth of the side borehole can be set as required, for example, the depth of the borehole can be 6 meters.

[0057] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, an edge computing substation 13 is also arranged in the lane.

[0058] In some embodiments, as shown in 1 , the tunnel monitoring system may also include: an underground main station 15 and a ground central station 16 .

[0059] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation 13 can be connected to the main station 15 via a long-distance communication cable. Optionally, the communication bandwidth corresponding to the edge computing substation 13 is 20 kbps.

[0060] In some embodiments, an underground master station 15 may be deployed in each tunnel to be monitored.

[0061] In some embodiments, the downhole master station 15 is connected to the downhole ring network switch using a network cable. Optionally, the downhole master station 15 can be configured with multiple independent power supply carrier communication channels. The carrier communication channel of each independent power supply can be connected to the corresponding edge computing substation 13 based on a long-distance communication cable, so that the edge computing substation 13 can be connected to the downhole master station 15.

[0062] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation 13 can utilize the high-speed data communication equipment (such as a wireless gateway) already arranged in the tunnel to access the underground ring network through WiFi, optical port or network port. The communication bandwidth is 10M-100Mbps. In this scenario, the edge computing substation 13 can skip the underground main station 15 and directly communicate with the ground central station 16 for data transmission and information interaction.

[0063] In some embodiments, after acquiring the vibration signal monitored by the vibration pickup sensor 12 in the tunnel hole, the edge computing substation 13 can determine whether an impact event occurs in the monitoring area according to the amplitude and duration of the vibration signal. Optionally, the edge computing substation 13 can determine the vibration energy at different times according to the amplitude and duration of the vibration signal, and further compare the vibration energy at each time with a set energy threshold, and determine that an impact event occurs in the monitoring area in response to the presence of vibration energy greater than the set energy threshold.

[0064] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation 13 can identify the moment when the vibration energy is greater than the set energy threshold as the moment when the impact event occurs. Further, the edge computing substation 13 can use the vibration energy and the moment of occurrence corresponding to the impact event as the associated information of the impact event.

[0065] Optionally, the edge computing substation 13 can report the associated information of the impact event as the determination result of the tunnel support equipment to the underground main station 15, and the underground main station 15 reports it to the ground central station 16.

[0066] Optionally, the edge computing substation 13 can report the determination result of the tunnel support equipment directly to the ground central station 16 .

[0067] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation 13 can obtain multi-dimensional target monitoring data corresponding to the time of occurrence from the multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the lane according to the time of occurrence of the impact event.

[0068] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation 13 can determine the data interception position according to the occurrence time and set duration of the impact event, and intercept multi-dimensional target monitoring data from the multi-dimensional monitoring data of the tunnel support system according to the data interception position.

[0069] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation 13 can obtain monitoring data of a set time period before and after the occurrence time from the multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the lane, as multi-dimensional target monitoring data associated with the impact event.

[0070] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation 13 can report multi-dimensional target monitoring data at the time of impact occurrence to the underground main station 15 or the ground central station 16 to save bandwidth.

[0071] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation 13 can report all multi-dimensional monitoring data generated by the tunnel under this impact to the underground main station or the ground central station to facilitate subsequent judgment and verification.

[0072] In some embodiments, the multi-dimensional target monitoring data may include a first type of data monitored during an impact event, and a second type of data monitored after the impact event occurs.

[0073] Optionally, the first type of data includes drilling stress, anchor rod or anchor cable stress, and four-base point surrounding rock displacement; the second type of data includes multi-point displacement and tunnel section scanning data.

[0074] It is understandable that the borehole stress can be monitored by a borehole stress sensor, the anchor rod or anchor cable stress can be monitored by an anchor rod or anchor cable stress sensor, and the four-base point surrounding rock displacement can be monitored by a four-base point surrounding rock movement sensor. Multi-point displacement can be monitored by a multi-point displacement sensor, and optionally, the multi-point displacement sensor can be an acoustic multi-point displacement sensor. The tunnel section scanning data can be monitored by a tunnel section scanning sensor, and optionally, the tunnel section scanning sensor can be a laser scanning sensor.

[0075] In some embodiments, each type of sensor is connected to the edge computing substation 13 via a bus, and the monitored data can be transmitted to the edge computing substation 13 via the bus.

[0076] In some embodiments, each type of sensor is connected to the edge computing substation 13 by wireless means, for example, the wireless communication means may include Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), infrared, etc. Each type of sensor is provided with a wireless communication component, which may establish a connection with the edge computing substation 13 before transmitting data, and transmit the monitored data to the edge computing substation 13 through the established connection.

[0077] In some embodiments, the sampling frequency of each type of sensor may be configurable.

[0078] Optionally, the sampling frequency of the vibration pickup sensor 12 is configured as the first sampling frequency; the sensors corresponding to the first type of data are configured to have the same second sampling frequency, that is, the second sampling frequencies of the borehole stress sensor, the anchor (cable) stress sensor, and the four-base point surrounding rock movement sensor are the same, and the above sensors are controlled to sample synchronously. Optionally, the second sampling frequency is less than the first sampling frequency. For example, the first sampling frequency is 1kHz and the second sampling frequency is 500Hz.

[0079] Optionally, the first sampling frequency of the vibration sensor 12 is the same as the second sampling frequency of the sensor corresponding to each of the first type of data, and the vibration sensor 12 and the above sensors are controlled to sample synchronously. For example, the first sampling frequency and the second sampling frequency are 500Hz to 1kHz. In the embodiment of the present application, stress and vibration data are collected synchronously at high speed so that they can be analyzed collaboratively at the same time, meeting the millisecond-level time synchronization requirements of the data during analysis.

[0080] Optionally, the third sampling frequency of the sensors corresponding to the second type of data is configured to be lower than the second sampling frequency. For example, the third sampling frequency of the multi-point displacement sensor and the tunnel section scanning sensor can be configured to be 1 Hz. For example, the multi-point displacement sensor is an acoustic multi-point position sensor, and the tunnel section scanning sensor is a tunnel section laser scanning sensor.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, the near-field micro stress (0.01MPa) and micro displacement (0.01mm) measurements can be achieved by increasing the sampling frequency, so that the near-field monitoring can also reflect the far-field changes of the surrounding rock, so as to analyze the process of the tunnel being affected by the impact. In some embodiments, the edge computing substation 13 can monitor the vibration pickup sensor 12 to obtain a vibration signal for determining whether an impact event exists. Further, the edge computing substation 13 can collect monitoring data of the drilling stress sensor, the anchor (cable) stress sensor, and the four-base point surrounding rock movement sensor when the tunnel support equipment is impacted. Further, the edge computing substation 13 can analyze the impact of the support equipment based on the above monitoring data to determine whether the tunnel support equipment is stable. In the embodiment of the present application, the impact monitoring in the microseismic method is adopted, combined with the stress monitoring in the stress method and the mine pressure (anchor cable stress, surrounding rock displacement) monitoring related to the tunnel support, so that the monitoring dimension of the tunnel support equipment is more comprehensive, which can improve the accuracy of the monitoring of the tunnel support equipment.

[0082] In some embodiments, the instability determination condition of the tunnel support equipment corresponding to the monitoring data of each dimension can be pre-calibrated. Optionally, when the monitoring data of at least one dimension meets the instability determination condition, it can be determined that the tunnel support equipment is in an unstable state. Optionally, when the monitoring data of each dimension does not meet the instability determination condition, it can be determined that the tunnel support equipment is in a stable state.

[0083] In an embodiment of the present application, the sampling frequencies of multiple types of sensors can be dynamically configured, and higher sampling frequencies and sensor measurement accuracy can be configured for related stress and displacement sensors, thereby improving the ability to capture and analyze the complete process of impact on tunnel support equipment.

[0084] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation 13 can analyze the deformation of the tunnel after the impact based on the monitoring data of the multi-point displacement sensor and the tunnel section laser scanning sensor. In the embodiment of the present application, the quality of the current tunnel support equipment can be judged in combination with the corresponding mine pressure (multi-point displacement, laser scanning) monitoring.

[0085] In some embodiments, after identifying that the tunnel support equipment is in an unstable state, the edge computing substation 13 can generate emergency measures for the tunnel according to the location of the monitoring area. Optionally, an alarm message can be generated based on the location of the monitoring area. Optionally, relevant support adjustment information can be generated based on the monitoring data of the tunnel support equipment, such as adding support equipment or increasing support strength. In the present application, not only can the impact process of the tunnel support equipment be obtained, but also the impact process of the tunnel support equipment can be analyzed. Once the stability of the tunnel support equipment is found to be abnormal, the monitoring position can be clarified and timely measures can be taken to ensure the safety of the tunnel.

[0086] In some embodiments, digital signal transmission is used between the edge computing substation 13 and the sensor, and each type of sensor can directly convert the analog signal into a digital signal locally, thereby avoiding electromagnetic interference during signal transmission and improving sampling accuracy.

[0087] In some embodiments, the ground central station 16 is Figure 3 As shown, it may include but is not limited to: a Global Positioning System (GPS) timing server, a data server, a data display device, a switch and an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).

[0088] In some embodiments, each type of sensor in the tunnel monitoring system is timed by a ground GPS timing server to achieve the purpose of time synchronization of all sensors, so that data collection can be synchronized and candidate analysis errors can be reduced.

[0089] In some embodiments, the data server can store the multi-dimensional monitoring data transmitted by the underground main station 16 and / or the edge computing substation 13, as well as the determination results of the tunnel support equipment.

[0090] In some embodiments, the data server can perform cluster analysis on the determination results of a large number of tunnel support equipment deployed in each tunnel to obtain statistical information of the same type of tunnel support equipment. The statistical information may include the number of abnormalities and specific abnormality information of this type of tunnel support equipment.

[0091] In some embodiments, the data display device may print the uploaded data and / or analysis results, or generate a chart based on the uploaded data and / or analysis results, and display the chart on a display interface.

[0092] In some embodiments, a UPS power supply is used to supply power to various devices in a ground central station.

[0093] In some embodiments, the underground master station 15 can be connected to a switch based on Ethernet, and transmit information or data with the GPS timing server, the data server and the data display device through the switch. Optionally, the switch can be a 100M switch.

[0094] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the tunnel monitoring system also includes a large-capacity power supply 17 and a DC regulated power supply 18.

[0095] In some embodiments, a large-capacity power supply 17 can be used to power the edge computing substation 13.

[0096] In some embodiments, the DC regulated power supply 18 can be used to power the downhole master station 15 .

[0097] In some embodiments, the DC regulated power supply 18 may be a flameproof and intrinsically safe DC regulated power supply for mining.

[0098] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a tunnel monitoring method provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the lane monitoring method is applicable to the lane monitoring system provided in the above embodiment, and the lane monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0099] S401, controlling the simulated seismic source to impact the monitoring area underground to stimulate simulated seismic waves.

[0100] In some embodiments, the geological conditions of the monitoring area underground may be monitored in advance, and the working parameters of the simulated seismic source may be configured according to the monitored geological conditions.

[0101] In some embodiments, the simulated seismic source may include, but is not limited to: a hammer seismic source, an impact seismic source, for example, a seismic source that launches impact bombs.

[0102] In some embodiments, the simulated seismic source may be a self-moving device, and path information may be generated based on location information of the monitoring area. The simulated seismic source may move itself to the monitoring area underground based on the path information.

[0103] In some embodiments, after the simulated seismic source reaches the monitoring area underground, it can send simulated seismic waves to the monitoring area according to the configured working parameters to impact the monitoring area.

[0104] In some embodiments, in response to the simulated seismic source arriving at the monitoring area downhole, the monitoring area may be impacted according to the configured working parameters to stimulate simulated seismic waves.

[0105] In some embodiments, the simulated earthquake source can determine whether it has reached the detection area through its own positioning capability.

[0106] In some embodiments, after the simulated seismic source reaches the monitoring area underground, it can send arrival indication information to the edge computing substation. The edge computing substation can configure working parameters and issue working instructions to the simulated seismic source, thereby controlling the simulated seismic source to impact the monitoring area.

[0107] Optionally, the simulated seismic source can be manually set by the host computer, using the underground gas source as power, and simulating the small impact of the tunnel by instantly releasing the air hammer to hit the anchor rod, so as to verify the synchronization of the impact and the tunnel support monitoring. The simulated seismic source used in this application can use the underground gas source as power, and simulate the small impact of the tunnel by instantly releasing the air hammer to hit the anchor rod. The energy required is much less than the energy of blasting, which greatly improves the safety of the artificial seismic source.

[0108] S402, obtaining a vibration signal monitored by a vibration pickup sensor arranged in the tunnel hole, and judging whether an impact event occurs in the monitoring area according to the amplitude and duration of the vibration signal.

[0109] S403, collecting multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the lane, and obtaining multi-dimensional target monitoring data when the impact event occurs from the multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the lane.

[0110] S404: Determine whether the tunnel support equipment is in a stable state based on the multi-dimensional target monitoring data.

[0111] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation can determine the vibration energy at different times based on the amplitude and duration of the vibration signal. Further, the vibration energy at each time is compared with a set energy threshold, and in response to the presence of vibration energy greater than the set energy threshold, it is determined that an impact event has occurred in the monitoring area.

[0112] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation can identify the moment when the vibration energy is greater than a set energy threshold as the moment when the impact event occurs. Further, the edge computing substation can use the vibration energy and the moment of occurrence corresponding to the impact event as the associated information of the impact event.

[0113] Optionally, the edge computing substation can report the associated information of the impact event as the judgment result of the tunnel support equipment to the underground main station, and the underground main station reports it to the ground central station.

[0114] Optionally, the edge computing substation can report the determination results of the tunnel support equipment directly to the ground central station.

[0115] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation can obtain multi-dimensional target monitoring data corresponding to the time of occurrence from the multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the lane according to the time of occurrence of the impact event.

[0116] Optionally, the edge computing substation can obtain monitoring data of a set time period before and after the occurrence moment from the multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the lane, as multi-dimensional target monitoring data associated with the impact event.

[0117] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation can report multi-dimensional target monitoring data at the time of impact to the underground main station or the ground central station to save bandwidth.

[0118] In some embodiments, the edge computing substation can report all the multi-dimensional monitoring data generated by the tunnel under this impact to the underground main station or the ground central station to facilitate subsequent judgment and verification.

[0119] In some embodiments, the multi-dimensional target monitoring data may include a first type of data monitored during an impact event, and a second type of data monitored after the impact event occurs.

[0120] Optionally, the first type of data includes drilling stress, anchor rod or anchor cable stress, and four-base point surrounding rock displacement; the second type of data includes multi-point displacement and tunnel section scanning data.

[0121] It is understood that the borehole stress can be monitored by the borehole stress sensor, the anchor or anchor cable stress can be monitored by the anchor or anchor cable stress sensor, the four-base point surrounding rock displacement can be monitored by the four-base point surrounding rock movement sensor. Multi-point displacement can be monitored by the multi-point displacement sensor, and the tunnel section scanning data can be monitored by the tunnel section laser scanning sensor.

[0122] In some embodiments, each type of sensor is connected to the edge computing substation by wireless means, for example, the wireless communication means may include Bluetooth, wifi, infrared, etc. Each type of sensor is provided with a wireless communication component, and the wireless communication component may establish a connection with the edge computing substation before transmitting data, and transmit the monitored data to the edge computing substation through the established connection.

[0123] In some embodiments, digital signal transmission is used between the edge computing substation and the sensor, and each type of sensor can directly convert the analog signal into a digital signal locally, thereby avoiding electromagnetic interference during signal transmission and improving sampling accuracy.

[0124] In some embodiments, the sampling frequency of each type of sensor may be configurable.

[0125] Optionally, the first sampling frequencies of the sensors corresponding to the first type of data are configured to be the same, that is, the first sampling frequencies of the drilling stress sensor, the anchor (cable) stress sensor, and the four-base point surrounding rock movement sensor are the same, and the above sensors are controlled to sample synchronously.

[0126] Optionally, the sampling frequency of the vibration sensor is the same as the first sampling frequency of the sensor corresponding to each of the first type of data, and the vibration sensor and the above sensor are controlled to perform synchronous sampling. In the embodiment of the present application, stress and vibration data are collected synchronously at high speed so that they can be analyzed collaboratively at the same time, meeting the millisecond-level time synchronization requirement of the data during analysis.

[0127] Optionally, the second sampling frequency of the sensors corresponding to the second type of data is configured to be lower than the first sampling frequency. For example, the second sampling frequency of a multi-point displacement sensor or a tunnel section laser scanning sensor can be configured to be 1 Hz.

[0128] In the embodiment of the present application, the near-field micro stress (0.01MPa) and micro displacement (0.01mm) measurements can be achieved by increasing the sampling frequency, so that the near-field monitoring can also reflect the far-field changes of the surrounding rock, thereby analyzing the process of the tunnel being affected by the impact.

[0129] In the embodiment of the present application, the impact monitoring in the microseismic method is adopted, combined with the stress monitoring in the stress method and the mine pressure (anchor cable stress, surrounding rock displacement) monitoring related to the tunnel support, so that the monitoring dimension of the tunnel support equipment is more comprehensive and the accuracy of the monitoring of the tunnel support equipment can be improved.

[0130] In some embodiments, the instability determination condition of the tunnel support equipment corresponding to the monitoring data of each dimension can be pre-calibrated. Optionally, when the monitoring data of at least one dimension meets the instability determination condition, it can be determined that the tunnel support equipment is in an unstable state. Optionally, when the monitoring data of each dimension does not meet the instability determination condition, it can be determined that the tunnel support equipment is in a stable state.

[0131] In an embodiment of the present application, the sampling frequencies of multiple types of sensors can be dynamically configured, and higher sampling frequencies and sensor measurement accuracy can be configured for related stress and displacement sensors, thereby improving the ability to capture and analyze the complete process of impact on tunnel support equipment.

[0132] In some embodiments, the deformation of the tunnel after impact can be analyzed based on the monitoring data of the multi-point displacement sensor and the tunnel section laser scanning sensor. In the embodiment of the present application, the quality of the current tunnel support equipment can be evaluated in combination with the corresponding mine pressure (multi-point displacement, laser scanning) monitoring.

[0133] In some embodiments, after identifying that the tunnel support equipment is in an unstable state, the edge computing substation 13 can generate emergency measures for the tunnel according to the location of the monitoring area. Optionally, an alarm message can be generated based on the location of the monitoring area. Optionally, relevant support adjustment information can be generated based on the monitoring data of the tunnel support equipment, such as adding support equipment or increasing support strength. In the present application, not only can the impact process of the tunnel support equipment be obtained, but also the impact process of the tunnel support equipment can be analyzed. Once the stability of the tunnel support equipment is found to be abnormal, the monitoring position can be clarified and timely measures can be taken to ensure the safety of the tunnel.

[0134] In some embodiments, each type of sensor is timed by a ground-based GPS timing server to achieve the purpose of synchronizing all sensors in time, so that data collection can be synchronized and candidate analysis errors can be reduced.

[0135] In some embodiments, the multi-dimensional target monitoring data or the full amount of multi-dimensional monitoring data transmitted by the underground main station and / or the edge computing substation, as well as the determination results of the tunnel support equipment can be stored.

[0136] In some embodiments, cluster analysis can be performed on the determination results of a large number of tunnel support equipment deployed in each tunnel to obtain statistical information of the same type of tunnel support equipment. The statistical information may include the number of abnormalities and specific abnormality information of the tunnel support equipment of this type.

[0137] In some embodiments, the uploaded data and / or analysis results may be printed, or a chart may be generated based on the uploaded data and / or analysis results, and the chart may be displayed on a display interface.

[0138] This application simultaneously monitors the impact vibration of the tunnel and the stress and displacement changes of the tunnel support system, which can verify the stability of the tunnel support and prevent tunnel impact ground pressure accidents. Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The middle (a) figure is the signal received by the vibration sensor when the impact occurs. Figure 5 Figure (b) shows the synchronously sampled top plate anchor stress sensor data. Figure 5 The middle figure (c) is the synchronously sampled roof surrounding rock movement sensor data.

[0139] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another lane monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, the application of the tunnel monitoring system of the present application can adopt two architectures, one is a general architecture for conventional mines; the other is a real-time architecture for intelligent mines. The two architectures mainly differ in the edge computing substation upload method and system bandwidth.

[0140] The general architecture requires the layout of long-distance communication cables to connect the main station and each edge computing substation, with a communication bandwidth of 20kbps. Each lane to be monitored in the system has a main station, which is connected to the underground ring network switch using a network cable. The main station is equipped with 8 independent power carrier communication channels, and the 8 edge computing substations are connected to the main station using long-distance communication cables.

[0141] The real-time architecture is mainly used in intelligent mines. The system does not use the main station to access the underground ring network, but uses the high-speed data communication equipment (such as wireless gateways) already arranged in the tunnel. The edge computing substation is directly connected to the underground ring network through WiFi, optical port or network port. Its communication bandwidth is 10M-100Mbps.

[0142] The edge computing substation has vibration sensors for monitoring impact events, borehole stress sensors, anchor (cable) stress sensors, and four-base point surrounding rock movement sensors for analyzing the impact process of tunnel support, multi-point displacement sensors for analyzing the deformation of tunnels after impact, tunnel section laser scanning sensors, and artificial seismic sources for testing systems. All sensors are synchronized by the ground timing server to achieve time synchronization; the sampling frequency of vibration sensors, borehole stress sensors, anchor (cable) stress sensors, and four-base point surrounding rock movement sensors is 500-1000Hz, and they are sampled synchronously; the sampling frequency of multi-point displacement sensors and tunnel section laser scanning sensors is 1Hz; the artificial seismic source is manually set by the host computer, using the underground gas source as power, and simulating the small impact of the tunnel by instantly releasing the air hammer to hit the anchor, so as to verify the synchronization of the impact and tunnel support monitoring.

[0143] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes an electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory stores computer-executable instructions; the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method provided by the above embodiments.

[0144] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the methods provided by the above embodiments.

[0145] In order to implement the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a computer program product, including a computer program, which implements the methods provided by the above embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0146] The collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision and application of user personal information involved in this application are in compliance with relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0147] It should be noted that personal information from users should be collected for legitimate and reasonable purposes and should not be shared or sold outside of these legitimate uses. In addition, such collection / sharing should be carried out after receiving the user's informed consent, including but not limited to notifying the user to read the user agreement / user notice and sign the agreement / authorization including authorization of relevant user information before the user uses the function. In addition, any necessary steps should be taken to protect and safeguard access to such personal information data and ensure that others who have access to personal information data comply with its privacy policy and procedures.

[0148] This application is expected to provide an implementation scheme for users to selectively block the use or access of personal information data. That is, this application is expected to provide hardware and / or software to prevent or block access to such personal information data. Once the personal information data is no longer needed, risks can be minimized by limiting data collection and deleting data. In addition, when applicable, personal identifiers are removed from such personal information to protect the privacy of users.

[0149] In the description of the aforementioned embodiments, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0150] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0151] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0152] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute the instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0153] It should be understood that the various parts of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0154] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0155] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0156] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tunnel monitoring system, characterized in that: The system comprises: Simulate earthquake sources, earthquake-picking sensors, edge computing substations, and multiple types of sensors; wherein the edge computing substations are connected to each type of sensor; The simulated seismic source is used to impact the monitoring area in the well to stimulate simulated seismic waves; Different types of sensors are used to collect monitoring data of different dimensions associated with the roadway; The edge computing substation is used to obtain the vibration signal monitored by the vibration pickup sensor, determine whether an impact event occurs in the monitoring area based on the amplitude and vibration duration of the vibration signal, and in response to the impact event occurring in the monitoring area, obtain multi-dimensional target monitoring data when the impact event occurs from the multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the tunnel, and determine whether the tunnel support equipment is in a stable state based on the multi-dimensional target monitoring data.

2. The tunnel monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge computing substation is also used for: Acquiring vibration energy at different times according to the amplitude and vibration duration of the vibration signal; comparing the vibration energy with a set energy threshold, and in response to the vibration energy being greater than the set energy threshold, determining that an impact event occurs in the monitoring area; and / or, The time point when the vibration energy is greater than a set energy threshold is determined as the occurrence time of the impact event.

3. The laneway monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The edge computing substation is also used for: Determine the data interception position according to the occurrence time and set duration of the impact event; According to the data interception position, the multi-dimensional target monitoring data is intercepted from the multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the lane.

4. The tunnel monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-dimensional target monitoring data includes a first type of data monitored during the impact event and a second type of data monitored after the impact event occurs; wherein the first type of data includes drilling stress, anchor rod or anchor cable stress, and four-base point surrounding rock displacement; the second type of data includes multi-point displacement and tunnel section scanning data.

5. The tunnel monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-type sensors include: borehole stress sensors, anchor rod or anchor cable stress sensors, four-base point surrounding rock movement sensors, multi-point displacement sensors and tunnel section scanning sensors; The borehole stress sensor, anchor rod or anchor cable stress sensor and four-base point surrounding rock movement sensor are respectively used to collect the corresponding monitoring data in the first type of data; The multi-point displacement sensor and the tunnel cross-section scanning sensor are respectively used to collect the corresponding monitoring data in the second type of data.

6. The tunnel monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The system further comprises: the system further comprises an underground master station and a ground central station, wherein the edge computing substation is connected to the underground master station, and the underground master station is connected to the ground central station via an underground Ethernet; The edge computing substation is used to report the multi-dimensional target monitoring data and the determination result of the tunnel support equipment to the underground main station; The underground main station is used to receive the multi-dimensional target monitoring data and the determination result, and report them to the ground central station.

7. The tunnel monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ground central station includes: a global positioning system GPS timing server, a data server and a data display device; The GPS timing server is used to perform timing operations on each type of sensor; The data server is used to receive and store the multi-dimensional target monitoring data and the determination results of the tunnel support equipment, and perform cluster analysis on the determination results of all tunnel support equipment in the tunnel to obtain statistical information of the same type of tunnel support equipment; The data display device is used to generate relevant charts based on the multi-dimensional target monitoring data and the determination results of the tunnel support equipment, and to display and / or print the relevant charts.

8. The tunnel monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sampling frequency of the vibration pickup sensor is configured as a first sampling frequency; The sampling frequencies of the borehole stress sensor, the anchor rod or anchor cable stress sensor and the four-base point surrounding rock movement sensor are configured to be the same second sampling frequency; The sampling frequencies of the multi-point displacement sensor and the tunnel section scanning sensor are configured as a third sampling frequency, wherein the second sampling frequency is less than or equal to the first sampling frequency; and the third sampling frequency is less than the second sampling frequency.

9. The tunnel monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Different types of sensors are deployed in the tunnel as follows: The vibration pickup sensor is arranged in the first top borehole of the tunnel and is located at the end of the borehole; The borehole stress sensor is arranged in the borehole on the side of the tunnel and is located at the end of the borehole; The anchor rod or anchor cable stress sensor is arranged on the contact point surface between the anchor rod or anchor cable and the roadway; The four-base-point surrounding rock movement sensors are arranged at four positions in the second borehole of the tunnel; The multi-point displacement sensor is arranged at the beginning of the second top borehole of the tunnel; The tunnel cross-section scanning sensor is arranged on the tunnel surface.

10. A tunnel monitoring method, characterized in that: The tunnel monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises: Control the simulated seismic source to impact the monitoring area underground to stimulate simulated seismic waves; Acquire a vibration signal monitored by a vibration pickup sensor arranged in the tunnel hole, and determine whether an impact event occurs in the monitoring area according to the amplitude and vibration duration of the vibration signal; Collecting multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the lane, and obtaining multi-dimensional target monitoring data when the impact event occurs from the multi-dimensional monitoring data associated with the lane; Based on the multi-dimensional target monitoring data, determine whether the tunnel support equipment is in a stable state.

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