Optical structure, manufacturing method thereof and display device

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical structure, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device. The optical structure is provided with a light inlet side and a light outlet side and comprises a first lens, a transflective film, a phase delay layer and a polarization reflection film. The first lens comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged, the first surface is the surface of the light incident side of the first lens, the transflective film is located on the side, away from the second surface, of the first surface, the phase delay layer is located on the side, away from the first surface, of the second surface, and the polarization reflection film is located on the side, away from the first surface, of the phase delay layer. The phase delay layer comprises an alignment layer and a liquid crystal layer. The manufacturing method of the optical structure comprises the following steps: coating the alignment layer on the second surface of the first lens; performing optical alignment on the alignment layer from the light incident side by adopting an alignment light source; and coating a liquid crystal layer on one side, far away from the second surface, of the alignment layer. Therefore, the phase delay layer can be directly formed on the first lens, and the conversion efficiency of completely linearly polarized light and completely circularly polarized light of the phase delay layer can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an optical structure, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device. Background Art

[0002] In virtual reality (VR) and mixed reality (MR) devices, near-eye display devices use lenses to magnify the image on the display screen, giving people an immersive feeling. Currently, the main lens technologies are Fresnel lenses and Pancake (ultra-short-throw folded optical path) lenses. Pancake (ultra-short-throw folded optical path) lenses greatly reduce the required distance between near-eye display devices and human eyes by folding the optical path, making VR and MR devices lighter and thinner. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems encountered when forming a phase delay layer on a lens, especially a curved lens, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an optical structure, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device. By coating the phase delay layer on the lens, the defects caused by the bonding process and the bonding process can be avoided.

[0004] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an optical structure, wherein the optical structure has a light incident side and a light exiting side, the optical structure includes a first lens, a transflective film, a phase retardation layer and a polarized reflective film, the first lens includes a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely arranged, the first surface is a surface of the light incident side of the first lens and the first surface is a curved surface, the transflective film is located on a side of the first surface away from the second surface, the phase retardation layer is located on a side of the second surface away from the first surface, the polarized reflective film is located on a side of the phase retardation layer away from the first surface, the phase retardation layer includes an alignment layer and a liquid crystal layer, and the manufacturing method includes: coating the alignment layer on the second surface of the first lens; performing optical alignment on the alignment layer from the light incident side using an alignment light source; and coating the liquid crystal layer on a side of the alignment layer away from the second surface.

[0005] For example, in a method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the optical structure is applied to a display device, a display screen is provided on the light incident side of the optical structure, the optical structure includes a focus located at the position of the display screen, and using the alignment light source to optically align the alignment layer from the light incident side includes: using the alignment light source to emit light from the plane where the focus is located to optically align the alignment layer, and the plane is perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens.

[0006] For example, in a method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the light emitting surface of the aligned light source is located in the plane where the focus is located, and the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the aligned light source are the same as the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the display screen.

[0007] For example, in a method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the area of ​​the light emitting surface of the aligned light source is smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the phase retardation layer on the plane.

[0008] For example, in the method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, using the alignment light source to optically align the alignment layer from the light incident side includes: the linearly polarized light emitted by the alignment light source optically aligns the alignment layer from the light incident side, a portion of the linearly polarized light whose propagation direction coincides with the optical axis of the first lens has a first polarization direction, the first polarization direction is perpendicular to the optical axis, and within a plane formed by the first polarization direction and the direction of the optical axis, from the central area to the edge area of ​​the first lens, an angle between the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light incident on the alignment layer and the optical axis becomes smaller and smaller.

[0009] For example, in a method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the angle between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer and the section of the liquid crystal molecules at the position of the second surface ranges from 0 to 40 degrees.

[0010] For example, in the method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the average thickness of the alignment layer is 30-200 nanometers, and the average thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 1-5 micrometers.

[0011] For example, in a method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second surface of the first lens includes a curved surface or a flat surface.

[0012] For example, the manufacturing method of the optical structure provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure also includes: forming the transflective film on the first surface of the first lens; forming the polarizing reflective film on the side of the liquid crystal layer away from the first surface; forming a polarizing absorption layer on the side of the polarizing reflective film away from the first surface; and forming a first anti-reflection layer on the side of the polarizing absorption layer away from the first surface.

[0013] For example, a method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure also includes: providing a second lens and a third lens; forming a second anti-reflection layer on one side of the second lens; forming the transflective film on the first surface of the first lens; bonding the side of the first lens formed with the transflective film to the side of the second lens not formed with the second anti-reflection layer; forming a polarization absorption layer on the third surface of the third lens; forming a polarization reflection film on the side of the polarization absorption layer away from the third surface; forming a third anti-reflection layer on the side of the third lens away from the third surface; and bonding the surface of the first lens formed with the liquid crystal layer to the side of the third lens not formed with the third anti-reflection layer.

[0014] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an optical structure, wherein the optical structure has a light incident side and a light exiting side, the optical structure includes a first lens, a transflective film, a phase retardation layer and a polarized reflective film, the first lens includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, the first surface is a surface of the light incident side of the first lens and the first surface is a curved surface, the transflective film is located on a side of the first surface away from the second surface, the phase retardation layer is located on a side of the second surface away from the first surface, the polarized reflective film is located on a side of the phase retardation layer away from the first surface, the phase retardation layer includes a liquid crystal layer, and the manufacturing method includes: coating the liquid crystal layer on the second surface of the first lens; and optically aligning the liquid crystal layer from the light incident side using an alignment light source.

[0015] For example, in a method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the optical structure is applied to a near-eye display device, a display screen is provided on the light incident side of the optical structure, the optical structure includes a focus located at the position of the display screen, and using the alignment light source to optically align the liquid crystal layer from the light incident side includes: using the alignment light source to emit light from the plane where the focus is located to optically align the liquid crystal layer, the plane is perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens, the light emitting surface of the alignment light source is located in the plane where the focus is located, and the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the alignment light source are the same as the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the display screen.

[0016] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides an optical structure, having a light incident side and a light exiting side, comprising: a first lens, comprising a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, the first surface being a surface of the light incident side of the first lens and being a curved surface; a transflective film, located on a side of the first surface away from the second surface; a phase retardation layer, located on a side of the second surface away from the first surface; and a polarized reflective film, located on a side of the phase retardation layer away from the first surface, the phase retardation layer being configured to be coated on the second surface of the first lens, the phase retardation layer comprising a liquid crystal layer, the orthographic projections of the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens being parallel to each other, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules intersecting the optical axis being perpendicular to the optical axis, and in a plane formed by the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the direction in which the optical axis is located, from the central area to the edge area of ​​the first lens, the angle between the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the optical axis becomes smaller and smaller.

[0017] For example, in the optical structure provided by one embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase retardation layer also includes an alignment layer located between the liquid crystal layer and the second surface, the alignment layer is configured to be coated on the second surface of the first lens, and the liquid crystal layer is configured to be coated on the alignment layer.

[0018] For example, in an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, the angle between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer and the tangent plane of the liquid crystal molecules at the position of the second surface is in the range of 0-40 degrees.

[0019] For example, in the optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, within the plane formed by the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the direction in which the optical axis is located, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer has the same deflection tendency from the central area to the edge area of ​​the first lens.

[0020] For example, in the optical structure provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the average thickness of the alignment layer is 30-200 nanometers, and the average thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 1-5 micrometers.

[0021] For example, in the optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second surface of the first lens includes a curved surface.

[0022] For example, in an optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second surface of the first lens includes a plane, and within the plane formed by the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the direction where the optical axis is located, a line connecting the centers of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is not parallel to the second surface, and the center of the line is farther away from the second surface than the edge of the line.

[0023] For example, the optical structure provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure also includes: a second lens, located on a side of the first surface away from the second surface; a second anti-reflection layer, located on a side of the second lens away from the first lens; a third lens, located on a side of the first lens away from the second lens, including a third surface; a polarization absorption layer, located on the third surface of the third lens; and a third anti-reflection layer, located on a side of the third lens away from the first lens, the polarization reflective film is located on the third lens and on a side of the polarization absorption layer away from the third surface, a side of the first lens formed with the transflective film is bonded to a side of the second lens not formed with the second anti-reflection layer, and a side of the first lens formed with the liquid crystal layer is bonded to a side of the third lens not formed with the third anti-reflection layer.

[0024] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device, including a display screen and the above-mentioned optical structure, wherein the display screen is located on a light incident side of the optical structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present disclosure, but are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Pancake lens;

[0027] Figure 2 A flowchart of a method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the optical alignment of the phase retardation layer of the optical structure shown;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The optical structure shown is used to display the optical path schematic diagram;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal layer shown;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the projection of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis is shown;

[0032] Figure 7 A flow chart of another method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 8 Based on Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an optical structure formed by a manufacturing method;

[0034] Fig. 9 A flow chart of another method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the optical alignment of the phase retardation layer of the optical structure shown;

[0036] Fig.11 for Fig.10 The optical structure shown is a schematic diagram of a local light path at the position of the dotted frame when used for display;

[0037] Fig.12 for Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal layer shown;

[0038] Fig.13 A flow chart of another method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Fig.14 for Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the optical alignment of the phase retardation layer of the optical structure shown;

[0040] Fig.15 A flow chart of another method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Fig.16 for Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the optical alignment of the phase retardation layer of the optical structure shown;

[0042] Fig.17 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Fig.18 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Fig.19 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Fig. 20 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] Fig.21 for Fig. 20 A schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal layer of the optical structure shown;

[0047] Fig. 22 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] Fig.23 for Fig. 22 A schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal layer of the optical structure shown; and

[0049] Fig.24 A schematic diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The words "include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0052] Unless otherwise defined, the features such as "parallel", "perpendicular" and "same" used in the embodiments of the present disclosure include the situations of "parallel", "perpendicular", "same" in a strict sense, as well as the situations of "approximately parallel", "approximately perpendicular", "approximately the same" and the like which contain certain errors. For example, the above-mentioned "approximately" may mean that the difference of the compared objects is within 10% or 5% of the average value of the compared objects. When the number of a component or element is not specifically indicated in the following of the embodiments of the present disclosure, it means that the component or element may be one or more, or may be understood as at least one. "At least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means at least two.

[0053] Pancake lens has become the mainstream lens technology for virtual reality and mixed reality near-eye display systems, and is adopted by various virtual reality and mixed reality near-eye display manufacturers. Pancake lens usually includes a lens and a transflective film, a phase delay film, a polarized reflective film, and a polarized absorbing film formed on the lens. The transflective film can reflect light and transmit light at the same time. For example, the transflective film can be a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film. The phase delay film has a fast axis and a slow axis, and can convert circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light, or convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light. The polarized reflective film has a reflection axis and a transmission axis, and reflects linearly polarized light parallel to the reflection axis and keeps the polarization state of the linearly polarized light unchanged, and transmits linearly polarized light parallel to the transmission axis in the transmission axis direction and keeps the polarization state of the linearly polarized light unchanged. The polarized absorbing film has a transmission axis, and the transmission axis direction of the polarized absorbing film is parallel to the transmission axis of the polarized reflective film, and the fast axis of the phase delay film is 45 degrees or 135 degrees to the transmission axis of the polarized reflective film.

[0054] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Pancake lens. Figure 1 As shown, the Pancake lens includes a lens group consisting of lens 01 and lens 02, lens 01 is formed with a transflective film 03 and a phase delay film 04, lens 02 is formed with a polarized reflective film 05, and the light emitted by the display screen 06 passes through the Pancake lens to complete the folding of the light path, thereby shortening the space required for the lens group.

[0055] Table 1 shows the development trend of pancake lenses, the corresponding problems, and the general pancake lenses that deal with the corresponding problems.

[0056] Table 1:

[0057]

[0058] As can be seen from the table above, in order to cope with the problems encountered by the development trend of Pancake lenses, the solutions provided by Pancake lenses are generally more of a compromise type. An important reason for the compromise is the physical properties of the phase retardation film, an important optical element in the Pancake lens. The Pancake lens requires that the phase retardation film can maintain its original birefringence performance when it is formed on the lens surface, while the birefringence performance of the phase retardation film of the prior art will inevitably change after it is formed on the surface of the curved lens.

[0059] As a key optical element for the mutual conversion between linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light, the phase retardation film is the key to determine the quality of the Pancake lens. An ideal phase retardation film can realize the mutual conversion between completely linearly polarized light (ellipticity = 0) and completely circularly polarized light (ellipticity = 1), ensuring that all light in the display screen follows the preset folded light path to reach the human eye. If the phase retardation film deviates from the ideal state, the linearly polarized light will become elliptically polarized light (0 < ellipticity < 1) after passing through the phase retardation film, and some light will not follow the preset folded light path and reach the human eye, forming ghost images and stray light.

[0060] Currently, the phase retardation film suitable for Pancake lenses is manufactured by the following two methods: 1) By stretching the polymer film, the molecules are arranged regularly after stretching, thereby forming a polymer phase retardation film with a thickness of about 40-60 microns and having birefringence characteristics. 2) By uniformly coating a solution of liquid crystal molecules on the polymer film, and then aligning the liquid crystal molecules so that they are arranged regularly, a phase retardation coating with a thickness of about 1-5 microns and having birefringence characteristics is formed.

[0061] During the study, the inventors of the present application found that the two phase delay films manufactured by the above method are both set on the Pancake lens by bonding, that is, the phase delay film in a thin film state is attached to the lens surface by an adhesive. This bonding method has the following defects: 1) The optical film is attached to the lens by an adhesive, which is not conducive to the precise control of flatness. Because the adhesive is relatively soft, it is easy to cause uneven force during bonding, which is reflected in the form of unevenness on the interface between the film and the adhesive, affecting the imaging and causing distortion. 2) There are risks in the reliability of bonding soft film materials and hard lenses by adhesives, especially when the bonding interface is a curved surface. The risk is even greater, and common adhesive failure problems such as film wrinkling, debonding, bubbling, and fogging are prone to occur. 3) If the surface of the lens used to attach the phase delay film is a plane, the farther away from the optical axis of the lens, the greater the incident angle of the light incident on the phase delay film in the designed optical path. Due to the material properties of the phase delay film, when the light is obliquely incident, the phase delay film has a phase delay Rth in the thickness direction, and its phase delay characteristics will change compared to when the light is perpendicularly incident, making the ellipticity of the obliquely incident polarized light lower. Adding a compensation film (for example: positive C film) can compensate for the above-mentioned large-angle phase delay changes, but the degree of compensation is anisotropic, only providing full compensation for specific directions, and will increase costs and process difficulty. 4) If the surface of the lens used to bond the phase delay film is a curved surface, the originally flat thin film phase delay film must be stretched if it is to be perfectly bonded to the above curved surface; for the phase delay film manufactured by the first method mentioned above, its own phase delay amount is obtained by stretching, and the additional stretching during the bonding process will cause the delay amount to change, and the change is likely to be uneven and uncontrollable, which makes the ghost and stray light conditions of the final pancake also uneven and uncontrollable; for the phase delay film manufactured by the second method mentioned above, although the delay amount change caused by stretching during the transfer process is theoretically weaker than the first method, the process challenge of transferring a coating with a thickness of only 1-5 microns to a curved surface is huge.

[0062] The disclosed embodiment provides a method for manufacturing an optical structure. The optical structure has a light incident side and a light exiting side, and the optical structure includes a first lens, a transflective film, a phase delay layer, and a polarized reflective film. The first lens includes a first surface and a second surface that are arranged opposite to each other, the first surface is a surface of the light incident side of the first lens and the first surface is a curved surface, the transflective film is located on a side of the first surface away from the second surface, the phase delay layer is located on a side of the second surface away from the first surface, the polarized reflective film is located on a side of the phase delay layer away from the first surface, the phase delay layer includes an alignment layer and a liquid crystal layer, and the method for manufacturing the optical structure includes: coating the alignment layer on the second surface of the first lens; using an alignment light source to optically align the alignment layer from the light incident side; and coating the liquid crystal layer on a side of the alignment layer away from the second surface.

[0063] In the method for manufacturing the optical structure provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, an alignment layer is coated on the first lens, and a liquid crystal layer is coated on the alignment layer, so that a phase retardation layer can be directly formed on the first lens, and there is no need to bond the phase retardation layer to the first lens through an adhesive, thereby avoiding the process of transferring the phase retardation layer to the first lens and avoiding the defects caused by the bonding process.

[0064] In this embodiment, the molecular structure of the alignment layer will be aligned according to the light emitted by the alignment light source. A liquid crystal layer is coated on the aligned alignment layer. The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer will be arranged according to the alignment direction of the alignment layer. The liquid crystal molecules have a long axis direction and a short axis direction. For example, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be arranged according to the alignment direction of the alignment layer. The long axis direction and the short axis direction have different refractive indices. The incident light used for display will be phase delayed after passing through the phase delay layer, thereby realizing the conversion between linear polarized light and circularly polarized light.

[0065] This optical structure can be used in conjunction with a display screen for display, and the light emitted by the display screen passes through the first surface of the first lens from the light incident side to reach the phase delay layer. The light emitted by the alignment light source passes through the first surface of the first lens from the light incident side to reach the alignment layer, so that the incident angles of the light emitted by the alignment light source and the light emitted by the display screen reaching the same position on the second surface of the first lens are close, and thus, at each position of the alignment layer coated on the second surface of the first lens, the incident angle of the light emitted by the alignment light source is close to the incident angle of the light used for display. The liquid crystal layer is coated on the alignment layer after being aligned by the alignment light source, and the liquid crystal molecules are arranged according to the alignment direction of the alignment layer, so that the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can better match the incident angle of the light used for display, and the phase delay layer can realize the conversion of light between completely linearly polarized light and completely circularly polarized light as much as possible, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the phase delay layer between completely linearly polarized light and completely circularly polarized light.

[0066] The disclosed embodiment provides another method for manufacturing an optical structure. The difference between the optical structure and the optical structure described above is that the phase delay layer only includes a liquid crystal layer. The method for manufacturing the optical structure includes: coating a liquid crystal layer on the second surface of a first lens; and using an alignment light source to perform optical alignment on the liquid crystal layer from the light incident side.

[0067] In the method for manufacturing the optical structure provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase retardation layer is coated on the first lens, and there is no need to bond the phase retardation layer to the first lens through an adhesive, which can avoid the process of transferring the phase retardation layer to the first lens and avoid the defects caused by the bonding process.

[0068] In this example, the light emitted by the alignment light source passes through the first surface of the first lens from the light incident side to reach the liquid crystal layer, so that the incident angles of the light emitted by the alignment light source and the light emitted by the display screen at the same position on the second surface of the first lens are close, and thus, at each position of the liquid crystal layer coated on the second surface of the first lens, the incident angle of the light emitted by the alignment light source is close to the incident angle of the light used for display. After the liquid crystal layer is aligned by the alignment light source, the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can better match the incident angle of the light used for display, and the phase delay layer can realize the conversion of the light between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light as much as possible, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the phase delay layer between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light.

[0069] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides an optical structure. The optical structure has a light incident side and a light exit side, and the optical structure includes a first lens, a transflective film, a phase delay layer, and a polarized reflective film. The first lens includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, the first surface is a surface of the light incident side of the first lens and the first surface is a curved surface, the transflective film is located on the side of the first surface away from the second surface, the phase delay layer is located on the side of the second surface away from the first surface, and the polarized reflective film is located on the side of the phase delay layer away from the first surface. The phase delay layer is configured to be coated on the second surface of the first lens, the phase delay layer includes a liquid crystal layer, the orthographic projections of the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer on the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens are parallel to each other, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules intersecting the optical axis is perpendicular to the optical axis, and in the plane formed by the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the direction where the optical axis is located, from the center area to the edge area of ​​the first lens, the angle between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the optical axis becomes smaller and smaller.

[0070] In the optical structure provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase retardation layer is configured to be coated on the second surface of the first lens, so that the phase retardation layer can be directly formed on the first lens, and there is no need to bond the phase retardation layer to the first lens through an adhesive, which can avoid the process of transferring the phase retardation layer to the first lens and the defects caused by the bonding process. In this example, the second surface is a curved surface, however, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this.

[0071] In this embodiment, the propagation direction of the light for display emitted from the light incident side is parallel to the optical axis on the optical axis of the first lens. Since the first surface of the first lens is a curved surface, in the plane, from the central area to the edge area of ​​the first lens, the angle between the propagation direction of the light for display incident on the second surface and the optical axis becomes larger and larger. According to the change trend of the propagation direction of the incident light for display, by setting the angle between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the optical axis to become smaller and smaller, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules can always be perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the propagation direction of the incident light, so that the phase retardation layer can realize the transformation of the light between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light as much as possible, thereby improving the transformation efficiency of the phase retardation layer between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light.

[0072] The optical structure and the manufacturing method thereof and the display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0073] The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing an optical structure. Figure 2 A flowchart of a method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the optical alignment of the phase retardation layer of the optical structure shown. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the optical structure 100 has a light incident side S1 and a light exiting side S2 , and includes a first lens 110 , a transflective film 120 , a phase retardation layer 130 , and a polarized reflective film 140 . The first lens 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 that are arranged opposite to each other. The first surface 111 is a surface of the light incident side S1 of the first lens 110 and is a curved surface. The transflective film 120 is located on a side of the first surface 111 away from the second surface 112. The phase retardation layer 130 is located on a side of the second surface 112 away from the first surface 111. The polarizing reflective film 140 is located on a side of the phase retardation layer 130 away from the first surface 111. The phase retardation layer 130 includes an alignment layer 131 and a liquid crystal layer 132. The manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 includes: 1) coating the alignment layer 131 on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110; 2) using an alignment light source L to perform optical alignment on the alignment layer 131 from the light incident side S1; 3) coating the liquid crystal layer 132 on a side of the alignment layer 131 away from the second surface 112.

[0074] In the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the alignment layer 131 is coated on the first lens 110, and the liquid crystal layer 132 is coated on the alignment layer 131, so that the phase retardation layer 130 can be directly formed on the first lens 110, and there is no need to bond the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 through an adhesive, which can avoid the process of transferring the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 and avoid the defects caused by the bonding process. In this example, the second surface 112 is a curved surface, however, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the second surface 112 can also be a plane.

[0075] In this embodiment, the molecular structure of the alignment layer 131 will be aligned according to the light emitted by the alignment light source L, and the liquid crystal layer 132 is coated on the aligned alignment layer 131. The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 will be arranged according to the alignment direction of the alignment layer 131. The liquid crystal molecules have a long axis direction and a short axis direction. For example, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be arranged according to the alignment direction of the alignment layer 131. The long axis direction and the short axis direction have different refractive indices. The incident light used for display is phase delayed after passing through the phase delay layer 130, thereby realizing the conversion of linear polarized light and circularly polarized light.

[0076] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The optical structure shown is used to show the optical path diagram. Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the optical structure 100 can be used in combination with a display screen 210 for display, and the light emitted by the display screen 210 passes through the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 from the light incident side S1 to reach the phase retardation layer 130. The light emitted by the alignment light source L passes through the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 from the light incident side S1 to reach the alignment layer 131, so that the incident angles of the light emitted by the alignment light source L and the light emitted by the display screen 210 at the same position on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110 are close, and thus, at each position of the alignment layer 131 coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, the incident angle of the light emitted by the alignment light source L is close to the incident angle of the light used for display. The liquid crystal layer 132 is coated on the alignment layer 131 after being aligned by the alignment light source L, and the liquid crystal molecules are arranged according to the alignment direction of the alignment layer 131, so that the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can better match the incident angle of the light used for display, and the phase delay layer 130 can realize the conversion of the light between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light as much as possible, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the phase delay layer 130 between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light. The present disclosure does not limit the type of liquid crystal molecules and their arrangement direction. For example, the liquid crystal molecules can be nematic liquid crystals or smectic liquid crystals. For example, the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules.

[0077] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the light emitted by the alignment light source L may be linearly polarized light. For example, the wavelength of the light emitted by the alignment light source L may be a wavelength that causes the alignment layer 131 to undergo optical alignment. The alignment direction of the alignment layer 131 is the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light. After the liquid crystal layer 132 is coated on the alignment layer 131, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is arranged according to the alignment direction of the alignment layer 131, that is, the long axis direction is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the light incident from the alignment light source L to the phase retardation layer 130. Therefore, the propagation direction of the incident light for display after being incident on the phase retardation layer 130 is perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules, and the phase retardation layer 130 can achieve the transformation of the light between completely linearly polarized light and completely circularly polarized light as much as possible.

[0078] For example, the aligning light source L may be one or more point light sources, or may be a surface light source.

[0079] In some examples, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, when the optical structure 100 is applied to a display device, a display screen 210 is provided on the light incident side S1 of the optical structure 100, and the optical structure 100 includes a focus F located at the position where the display screen 210 is located, and using the alignment light source L to perform optical alignment on the alignment layer 131 from the light incident side S1 includes: using the alignment light source L to emit light from the plane P1 where the focus F is located to perform optical alignment on the alignment layer 131, and the plane P1 is perpendicular to the optical axis OA of the first lens 110. Using the alignment light source L to emit light from the plane P1 where the focus F is located can make the incident angle of the light emitted by the alignment light source L and the light emitted by the display screen 210 at the same position on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110 closer, so that the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be more matched with the light used for display, so that the phase delay film can realize the transformation of the light between completely linearly polarized light and completely circularly polarized light as much as possible. The focus F in the present disclosure can also be the object focus of the optical structure.

[0080] In some examples, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the light emitting surface of the alignment light source L is located in the plane P1 where the focus F is located, and the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the alignment light source L are the same as the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the display screen 210. Therefore, the light emitted by the alignment light source L and the light emitted by the display screen 210 have the same incident angle when reaching the same position of the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, and the alignment layer 131 aligned by the alignment light source L can make the liquid crystal molecules completely match the light used for display.

[0081] For example, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is arranged according to the alignment direction of the alignment layer 131, and at any position of the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, the propagation direction of the light for display emitted from the display screen 210 is perpendicular to the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules, so that at any position of the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, the phase retardation layer 130 can realize the conversion of the light between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the light source, and can be designed according to the size and shape of the display screen 210 matched with the optical structure 100.

[0082] For example, the diagonal size or diameter of the light emitting surface of the alignment light source L may be 1.3 inches, 1.35 inches or 1.4 inches. Of course, the embodiment of the disclosure does not limit the shape, aspect ratio or diameter of the alignment light source L, and is matched according to the shape of the actual display screen 210.

[0083] In some examples, the area of ​​the light emitting surface of the aligned light source L is smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the phase retarder layer 130 on the plane P1.

[0084] In some examples, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, using the alignment light source L to perform optical alignment on the alignment layer 131 from the light incident side S1 includes: the linear polarized light emitted by the alignment light source L performs optical alignment on the alignment layer 131 from the light incident side S1. Among the linear polarized light emitted by the alignment light source L, the linear polarized light whose propagation direction coincides with the optical axis OA of the first lens 110 has a first polarization direction Y, and the first polarization direction Y is perpendicular to the optical axis OA. In the plane P2 formed by the first polarization direction Y and the direction X where the optical axis OA is located, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the angle θ1 between the polarization direction of the linear polarized light incident on the alignment layer 131 and the optical axis OA becomes smaller and smaller.

[0085] In the present disclosure, in the plane P2, the geometric center 110a and the edge area 110b from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110 are located on the same side of the geometric center of the first lens 110. The central area 110a of the first lens 110 may refer to the geometric center position of the first lens 110. For example, the geometric center of the central area 110a coincides with the geometric center of the first lens 110, the shape of the central area 110a is substantially the same as the shape of the first lens 110, and the area of ​​the central area 110a is less than or equal to 10% of the area of ​​the first lens 110. The edge area 110b of the first lens 110 is substantially located at the outer contour of the first lens 110. For example, the shape of the edge area 110b is substantially the same as the outer contour of the first lens 110 and forms a closed ring along the outer contour of the first lens 110.

[0086] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal layer is shown in FIG. Figures 2 to 5 As shown, after the alignment layer 131 is aligned by the alignment light source L, the liquid crystal layer 132 is coated on the alignment layer 131, and the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 are arranged according to the alignment direction of the alignment layer 131. The arrangement direction of each liquid crystal molecule is as shown in FIG. Figure 5 The direction of the dotted line at the position of the liquid crystal molecules in the middle. For example, the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules. Thus, on the optical axis OA of the first lens 110, the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the optical axis OA. In the plane P2, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the angle θ2 between the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the optical axis OA becomes smaller and smaller, that is, on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is not always perpendicular to the optical axis OA, and the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules is changing. The propagation direction of the incident light emitted from the light incident side S1 for display on the display screen 210 is parallel to the optical axis OA on the optical axis OA of the first lens 110, and the angle between the two is zero. In the plane P2, since the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 is a curved surface, the angle between the propagation direction of the incident light for display incident on the second surface 112 and the optical axis OA becomes larger and larger from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110. Therefore, according to the change trend of the incident light for display, the change trend of the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be matched with the change trend of the propagation direction of the incident light for display so that the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules is always perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the propagation direction of the incident light, so that the phase retardation layer 130 can realize the conversion of the light between the completely linear polarized light and the completely circular polarized light as much as possible, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the phase retardation layer 130 between the completely linear polarized light and the completely circular polarized light. Figure 5 Only one sublayer of the liquid crystal layer 132 and the second surface 112 are schematically shown, and the liquid crystal layer 132 may include multiple sublayers.

[0087] It should be noted that the first polarization direction Y is 45 degrees or 135 degrees to the transmission axis direction of the polarizing reflective film 140 , and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules on the optical axis OA is 45 degrees or 135 degrees to the transmission axis direction of the polarizing reflective film 140 .

[0088] For example, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is arranged according to the alignment direction of the alignment layer 131. At the optical axis OA position, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the incident light for display. In the plane P2, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the angle θ2 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the optical axis OA becomes smaller and smaller, and the angle between the propagation direction of the incident light for display and the optical axis OA becomes larger and larger. Thus, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules at any position can be perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the propagation direction of the incident light for display according to the change trend of the incident light for display.

[0089] In some examples, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in the plane P2, the angle θ3 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 and the tangent plane P3 of the liquid crystal molecules at the position of the second surface 112 is in the range of 0-40 degrees. Thus, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be arranged approximately along the second surface 112, and the propagation direction of the incident light from the display screen 210 through the first surface 111 incident on the alignment layer is approximately perpendicular to the second surface 112, so that the propagation direction of the incident light is approximately perpendicular to the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules. Of course, the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the range of the angle θ3, and can be matched and designed according to the shape of the first lens 110, the position of the focal point F, and the size of the display screen 210.

[0090] In some examples, such as Figure 5 As shown, in the plane P2, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules has the same deflection tendency. Figure 5 As shown, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules are all deflected away from the second surface 112. For example, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b, the deflection angle of the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules becomes larger and larger.

[0091] In some examples, such as Figure 5 As shown, the angle θ3 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule passed by the optical axis OA and the tangent plane P3 corresponding to the liquid crystal molecule is substantially 0 degrees. In the plane P2, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the angle θ3 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule and the tangent plane P3 corresponding to the liquid crystal molecule becomes larger and larger. In the edge area 110b, the angle θ3 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule and the corresponding tangent plane P3 is less than or equal to 40 degrees. Of course, the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the value of the angle θ3.

[0092] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the projection of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis. Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the orthographic projections of the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 on the plane P1 perpendicular to the optical axis OA are parallel to each other. Along the direction after the long axis projection, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the projection length of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules becomes smaller and smaller.

[0093] In some examples, such as Figure 6 As shown, the orthographic projection of the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 on the plane P1 is 45 degrees or 135 degrees to the transmission axis direction of the polarizing reflection film 140 .

[0094] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 further includes: 4) sequentially laminating a polarizing reflective film 140 , a polarizing absorption layer 150 and a first anti-reflection layer 160 on a side of the liquid crystal layer 132 away from the first surface 111 .

[0095] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 further includes: forming a transflective film 120 on the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 .

[0096] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, a transparent resin lens is formed by injection molding to serve as the first lens 110. For example, the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 is a convex surface, and the second surface 112 is a concave surface.

[0097] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, a transflective film 120 is formed on the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 by coating. For example, the transflective film 120 may be a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film, and its reflectivity and transmittance are both 50%. Of course, the embodiment of the disclosure does not limit the transflective film 120, and the reflectivity may be between 30% and 70% according to actual conditions, and the corresponding transmittance may be between 70% and 30%.

[0098] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the alignment layer 131 is formed by coating and drying on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110 by liquid phase coating. For example, liquid phase coating methods such as spin coating, dip coating, ultrasonic atomization deposition, inkjet printing, and electrofluid printing can be used. The alignment layer 131 can have anisotropic photoresponse under the irradiation of polarized light, such as photo-crosslinking orientation, to form its own orientation. The liquid crystal layer 132 is coated on the aligned alignment layer 131, and the liquid crystal molecules are arranged according to the orientation of the alignment layer 131.

[0099] In some examples, the main chemical composition of the alignment layer 131 may be a small molecule or polymer with photosensitivity, for example, the small molecule may be a molecule with a long conjugated structure that is responsive to polarized light, such as biphenyls, polyphenyls, azos, etc. For example, the polymer may be a material that can undergo photopolymerization, photolysis, or photoisomerization under the action of polarized light, such as polyethylene cinnamic acid, poly cinnamoyloxyethyl methacrylate, polybiphenyls, polypolyphenyls, polyamic acid, polyimide, coumarin, azos, etc.

[0100] In some examples, the average thickness of the alignment layer 131 after alignment is 30-200 nanometers. For example, the average thickness of the alignment layer is 50-100 nanometers. For example, the average thickness of the alignment layer is 70-150 nanometers.

[0101] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, a liquid crystal layer 132 is coated on the aligned alignment layer 131 by wet coating. For example, a wet coating method such as spin coating, flow coating, ultrasonic atomization deposition, inkjet printing, electrofluid printing, etc. can be used. For example, the average thickness of the liquid crystal wet film coated by the wet coating method is 5-100 microns.

[0102] In some examples, the main chemical composition of the liquid crystal layer 132 may be rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules with polymerizable groups, photopolymerization initiators, solvents, cross-linking resins, etc., and the solid content thereof is 1-30%wt. The solvent can dissolve components such as liquid crystal molecules and initiators, and may be, but not limited to, ketones, alkyl halides, heterocyclic compounds, hydrocarbons, esters, ethers, amides, etc. The initiator may be a photoinitiator, which may be one or a mixture of several, and the content thereof is 0.1-10%wt. The present disclosure embodiment does not limit the main component of the rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules, and one or more rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules may be used, preferably liquid crystal molecules with inverse wavelength dispersion characteristics. Examples of the polymerizable groups carried are vinyl, acryloyl, methacryloyl, epoxy, etc., and the cross-linking agent may be, but not limited to, isocyanates, acrylates, methacrylates, epoxies, carbodiimides, amino resins, etc. The present disclosure embodiment does not limit the liquid crystal wet film solution. It should be noted that the process of drying and cross-linking the liquid crystal wet film to obtain the liquid crystal coating does not require a surface light source of a special position and size.

[0103] For example, the average thickness of the cross-linked liquid crystal layer 132 or the liquid crystal dry film is 1-5 micrometers. For example, the average thickness can be any value within 1-5 micrometers.

[0104] In some examples, the polarizing reflective film 140, the polarizing absorption layer 150 and the first anti-reflection layer 160 are sequentially laminated on the side of the liquid crystal layer 132 away from the first surface 111 by stretching or thermoforming. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the polarizing reflective film 140, the polarizing absorption layer 150 and the first anti-reflection layer 160.

[0105] Figure 7 A flow chart of another method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 8 Based on Figure 7 Schematic diagram of an optical structure formed by the manufacturing method. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 includes:

[0106] S110: providing a first lens 110, a second lens 170 and a third lens 180;

[0107] S120: forming a second anti-reflection layer 161 on one side of the second lens 170, forming a transflective film 120 on the first surface 111 of the first lens 110, and laminating the side of the first lens 110 formed with the transflective film 120 and the side of the second lens 170 not formed with the second anti-reflection layer 161;

[0108] S130: coating an alignment layer 131 on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, and performing optical alignment on the alignment layer 131 from the light incident side S1 using an alignment light source;

[0109] S140: coating a liquid crystal layer 132 on a side of the alignment layer 131 away from the second surface 112 to form a phase retardation layer 130;

[0110] S150: forming a polarization absorption layer 150 on the third surface 181 of the third lens 180, forming a polarization reflection film 140 on a side of the polarization absorption layer 150 away from the third surface 181, and forming a third anti-reflection layer 162 on a side of the third lens 180 away from the third surface 181;

[0111] S160 : Laminating the surface of the first lens 110 on which the liquid crystal layer 132 is formed and the side of the third lens 180 on which the third anti-reflection layer 162 is not formed, to form the optical structure 100 .

[0112] The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the sequence of the steps and can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0113] In some examples, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, a transparent resin lens is formed by injection molding to serve as the first lens 110, the second lens 170 and the third lens 180. For example, the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 is a convex surface, and the second surface 112 is a concave surface.

[0114] In some examples, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the light emitting surface of the oriented light source is located at the position of the display screen matched by the optical structure 100 formed by the first lens 110, the second lens 170 and the third lens 180. For example, the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the oriented light source are the same as the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the display screen.

[0115] In some examples, before forming the third anti-reflection layer 162 on the side of the third lens 180 away from the third surface 181 , the side of the third lens 180 away from the third surface 181 may be hardened, thereby better improving the product performance of the optical structure 100 .

[0116] In some examples, the optical structure 100 may also be composed of two lenses or more lenses, and the manufacturing process thereof is referred to above and will not be described in detail.

[0117] Fig. 9 A flow chart of another method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Fig.10 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the optical alignment of the phase retardation layer of the optical structure shown. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the optical structure 100 has a light incident side S1 and a light exiting side S2 , and includes a first lens 110 , a transflective film 120 , a phase retardation layer 130 , and a polarized reflective film 140 . The first lens 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 that are arranged opposite to each other. The first surface 111 is a surface of the light incident side S1 of the first lens 110 and is a curved surface. The transflective film 120 is located on a side of the first surface 111 away from the second surface 112. The phase retardation layer 130 is located on a side of the second surface 112 away from the first surface 111. The polarizing reflective film 140 is located on a side of the phase retardation layer 130 away from the first surface 111. The phase retardation layer 130 includes an alignment layer 131 and a liquid crystal layer 132. The manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 includes: 1) coating the alignment layer 131 on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110; 2) using an alignment light source L to perform optical alignment on the alignment layer 131 from the light incident side S1; 3) coating the liquid crystal layer 132 on a side of the alignment layer 131 away from the second surface 112.

[0118] In the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the alignment layer 131 is coated on the first lens 110, and the liquid crystal layer 132 is coated on the alignment layer 131, so that the phase retardation layer 130 can be directly formed on the first lens 110, and there is no need to bond the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 through an adhesive, which can avoid the process of transferring the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 and avoid the defects caused by the bonding process.

[0119] Fig.11 for Fig.10 The optical structure shown is a schematic diagram of the local light path in the dotted box when used for display. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the second surface 112 of the first lens 110 of the optical structure 100 is a plane. When the light emitted by the display screen passes through the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 from the light incident side S1 to the second surface 112, the propagation direction of the incident light is not always perpendicular to the second surface 112. On the optical axis OA of the first lens 110, the propagation direction of the incident light is perpendicular to the second surface 112. In the plane P2, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the angle between the propagation direction of the incident light and the second surface 112 becomes smaller and smaller. The light emitted by the alignment light source L passes through the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 from the light incident side S1 to the alignment layer 131, so that the incident angles of the light emitted by the alignment light source L and the light emitted by the display screen at the same position on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110 are close, so that at each position of the alignment layer coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, the incident angle of the light emitted by the alignment light source L is close to the incident angle of the light used for display. The liquid crystal layer 132 is coated on the alignment layer 131 after being aligned by the alignment light source L, and the liquid crystal molecules are arranged according to the alignment direction of the alignment layer 131, so that the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can better match the incident angle of the light used for display, and the phase retardation layer 130 can realize the conversion of the light between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light as much as possible, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the phase retardation layer 130 between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light. For example, the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules.

[0120] In some examples, such as Figures 9 to 11As shown, when the optical structure 100 is applied to a display device, a display screen is provided on the light incident side S1 of the optical structure 100, and the optical structure 100 includes a focus F located at the position of the display screen, and using the alignment light source L to perform optical alignment on the alignment layer 131 from the light incident side S1 includes: using the alignment light source L to emit light from the plane P1 where the focus F is located to perform optical alignment on the alignment layer 131, and the plane P1 is perpendicular to the optical axis OA of the first lens 110. Using the alignment light source L to emit light from the plane P1 where the focus F is located can make the incident angle of the light emitted by the alignment light source L and the light emitted by the display screen 210 at the same position on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110 closer, so that the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be more matched with the light used for display, so that the phase delay film can realize the conversion of the light between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light as much as possible. For example, the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules, and the propagation direction of the light used for display emitted from the display screen is perpendicular to the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules.

[0121] In some examples, such as Figures 9 to 11 As shown, the light emitting surface of the alignment light source L is located in the plane P1 where the focus F is located, and the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the alignment light source L are the same as the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the display screen. Therefore, the light emitted by the alignment light source L and the light emitted by the display screen 210 have the same incident angle when reaching the same position of the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, and the alignment layer 131 aligned by the alignment light source L can make the liquid crystal molecules completely match the light used for display.

[0122] In some examples, such as Figures 9 to 11 As shown, using the alignment light source L to perform optical alignment on the alignment layer 131 from the light incident side S1 includes: the linear polarized light emitted by the alignment light source L performs optical alignment on the alignment layer 131 from the light incident side S1. Among the linear polarized light emitted by the alignment light source L, the linear polarized light whose propagation direction coincides with the optical axis OA of the first lens 110 has a first polarization direction Y, and the first polarization direction Y is perpendicular to the optical axis OA. In the plane P2 formed by the first polarization direction Y and the direction X where the optical axis OA is located, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the angle θ1 between the polarization direction of the linear polarized light incident on the alignment layer 131 and the optical axis OA becomes smaller and smaller. Therefore, the liquid crystal layer aligned by the linear polarized light source L can better match the light used for display, so that the phase retardation layer 130 can realize the transformation of the light between the completely linear polarized light and the completely circular polarized light as much as possible.

[0123] Fig.12 for Fig. 9 The cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal layer is shown in FIG. Fig. 9 and Fig.12As shown, in the plane P2, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the angle θ2 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the optical axis OA becomes smaller and smaller. Fig.11 As shown, the angle between the propagation direction of the incident light for display and the optical axis OA is getting larger and larger. Therefore, according to the changing trend of the incident light for display, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules at any position can be made perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the propagation direction of the incident light for display. Fig.12 Only one sublayer of the liquid crystal layer 132 and the second surface 112 are schematically shown, and the liquid crystal layer 132 may include multiple sublayers.

[0124] In some examples, such as Fig. 9 and Fig.12 As shown, in plane P2, the angle θ4 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 and the second surface 112 ranges from 0 to 40 degrees. The angle θ4 between the liquid crystal molecules passed by the optical axis OA and the second surface 112 is 0 degree. In plane P2, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the angle θ4 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the second surface 112 becomes larger and larger. At the edge position, the angle θ4 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the section P3 is less than or equal to 40 degrees. Of course, the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the range of the angle θ4, and can be matched and designed according to the shape of the first lens 110, the position of the focal point F, and the size of the display screen 210.

[0125] In some examples, such as Fig.12 As shown, in the plane P2, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules has the same deflection tendency. Fig.12 As shown, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules are all deflected toward the second surface 112 , and the deflection angles of the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules toward the second surface 112 are increasingly larger from the central area 110 a to the edge area 110 b .

[0126] Fig.13 A flow chart of another method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Fig.14 for Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the optical alignment of the phase retardation layer of the optical structure shown. Fig.13 and Fig.14As shown, the optical structure 100 has a light incident side S1 and a light exiting side S2, and includes a first lens 110, a transflective film 120, a phase retardation layer 130 and a polarized reflective film 140. The first lens 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 that are oppositely arranged. The first surface 111 is a surface of the light incident side S1 of the first lens 110 and the first surface 111 is a curved surface. The transflective film 120 is located on a side of the first surface 111 away from the second surface 112, the phase retardation layer 130 is located on a side of the second surface 112 away from the first surface 111, and the polarized reflective film 140 is located on a side of the phase retardation layer 130 away from the first surface 111. The phase retardation layer 130 includes a liquid crystal layer 132. The manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 includes: 1) coating the liquid crystal layer 132 on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110; and 2) using an alignment light source L to perform optical alignment on the liquid crystal layer 132 from the light incident side S1.

[0127] In the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the liquid crystal layer 132 is coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, so that the phase retardation layer 130 can be directly formed on the first lens 110, and there is no need to bond the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 through an adhesive, which can avoid the process of transferring the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 and avoid the defects caused by the bonding process. In this example, the second surface 112 is a curved surface, however, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the second surface 112 can also be a plane.

[0128] In this example, the liquid crystal layer 132 may be composed of liquid crystal molecules that can be aligned under external stimulation. For example, the liquid crystal layer 132 may be aligned by light. Figure 4 The optical structure 100 can be used in conjunction with a display screen 210 for display. The light emitted by the display screen 210 passes through the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 from the light incident side S1 to reach the phase retardation layer 130. The light emitted by the alignment light source L passes through the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 from the light incident side S1 to reach the liquid crystal layer 132. Therefore, the incident angles of the light emitted by the alignment light source L and the light emitted by the display screen 210 at the same position on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110 are close. Therefore, at each position of the liquid crystal layer 132 coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, the incident angle of the light emitted by the alignment light source L is close to the incident angle of the light used for display. After the liquid crystal layer 132 is aligned by the alignment light source L, the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can better match the incident angle of the light used for display, and the phase retardation layer 130 can realize the conversion of the light between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light as much as possible, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the phase retardation layer 130 between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light. For example, the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules may be the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules.

[0129] In some examples, such as Figure 4 , Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, when the optical structure 100 is applied to a display device, a display screen is provided on the light incident side S1 of the optical structure 100, and the optical structure 100 includes a focus F located at the position where the display screen 210 is located. The use of the alignment light source L to perform optical alignment on the liquid crystal layer 132 from the light incident side S1 includes: using the alignment light source L to emit light from a plane P1 where the focus F is located to perform optical alignment on the liquid crystal layer 132, and the plane P1 is perpendicular to the optical axis OA of the first lens 110. Using the alignment light source L to emit light from the plane P1 where the focus F is located can make the incident angles of the light emitted by the alignment light source L and the light emitted by the display screen 210 at the same position on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110 closer, so that the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be more matched with the light used for display, so that the phase delay film can realize the transformation of the light between completely linearly polarized light and completely circularly polarized light as much as possible.

[0130] In some examples, such as Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the light emitting surface of the alignment light source L is located in the plane P1 where the focus F is located, and the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the alignment light source L are the same as the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the display screen. Therefore, the light emitted by the alignment light source L and the light emitted by the display screen 210 have the same incident angle when reaching the same position of the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, and the liquid crystal layer 132 aligned by the alignment light source L can make the liquid crystal molecules completely match the light used for display.

[0131] In some examples, such as Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, using the alignment light source L to perform optical alignment on the liquid crystal layer 132 from the light incident side S1 includes: the linear polarized light emitted by the alignment light source L performs optical alignment on the liquid crystal layer 132 from the light incident side S1. Among the linear polarized light emitted by the alignment light source L, the linear polarized light whose propagation direction coincides with the optical axis OA of the first lens 110 has a first polarization direction Y, and within a plane P2 formed by the first polarization direction Y and the direction X where the optical axis OA is located, from the central region 110a to the edge region 110b of the first lens 110, the angle θ1 between the polarization direction of the linear polarized light incident on the liquid crystal layer 132 and the optical axis OA becomes smaller and smaller.

[0132] In some examples, the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is similar to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, no further description is given here.

[0133] In some examples, such as Fig.13As shown, the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 further includes: 3) sequentially attaching a polarizing reflective film 140, a polarizing absorption layer 150 and a first anti-reflection layer 160 to a side of the liquid crystal layer 132 away from the first surface 111. For example, the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 further includes: forming a transflective film 120 on the first surface 111 of the first lens 110.

[0134] Fig.15 A flow chart of another method for manufacturing an optical structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Fig.16 for Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the optical alignment of the phase retardation layer of the optical structure shown. Fig.15 and Fig.16 As shown, the optical structure 100 has a light incident side S1 and a light exiting side S2, and the optical structure 100 includes a first lens 110, a transflective film 120, a phase retardation layer 130, and a polarized reflective film 140. The first lens 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 that are arranged opposite to each other. The first surface 111 is a surface of the light incident side S1 of the first lens 110 and the first surface 111 is a curved surface. The transflective film 120 is located on a side of the first surface 111 away from the second surface 112. The phase retardation layer 130 is located on the second surface 112. The surface 112 is on the side away from the first surface 111, the polarizing reflective film 140 is located on the side of the phase retardation layer 130 away from the first surface 111, the phase retardation layer 130 includes an alignment layer 131 and a liquid crystal layer 132, and the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 includes: 1) coating the alignment layer 131 on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110; 2) using an alignment light source L to perform optical alignment on the alignment layer 131 from the light output side S2; 3) coating the liquid crystal layer 132 on the side of the alignment layer 131 away from the second surface 112.

[0135] In the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the alignment layer 131 is coated on the first lens 110, and the liquid crystal layer 132 is coated on the alignment layer 131, so that the phase retardation layer 130 can be directly formed on the first lens 110, and there is no need to bond the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 through an adhesive, which can avoid the process of transferring the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 and avoid the defects caused by the bonding process. In this example, the second surface 112 is a curved surface, however, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the second surface 112 can also be a plane. Fig.16 Only one sublayer of the liquid crystal layer 132 and the second surface 112 are schematically shown, and the liquid crystal layer 132 may include multiple sublayers.

[0136] In some examples, such as Fig.15 and Fig.16As shown, the light emitted by the alignment light source L may be linearly polarized light, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is 45 degrees or 135 degrees to the transmission axis of the polarizing reflective film 140 .

[0137] For example, the alignment direction of the alignment layer 131 is parallel to the polarization direction of the linear polarized light. For example, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is arranged according to the alignment direction of the alignment layer 131 .

[0138] In some examples, such as Fig.15 As shown, the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 further includes: 4) sequentially attaching a polarizing reflective film 140, a polarizing absorption layer 150 and a first anti-reflection layer 160 to a side of the liquid crystal layer 132 away from the first surface 111. For example, the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 further includes: forming a transflective film 120 on the first surface 111 of the first lens 110.

[0139] In some examples, Fig.15 The phase delay layer 130 of the optical structure 100 shown may also only include a liquid crystal layer 132. The manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 includes: 1) coating the liquid crystal layer 132 on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110; 2) using an alignment light source L to perform optical alignment on the liquid crystal layer 132 from the light output side S2; 3) sequentially laminating a polarizing reflective film 140, a polarizing absorption layer 150 and a first anti-reflection layer 160 on the side of the liquid crystal layer 132 away from the first surface 111.

[0140] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an optical structure. Fig.17 Schematic diagram of a cross-section of an optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Fig.17As shown, the optical structure 100 has a light incident side S1 and a light exiting side S2, and includes a first lens 110, a transflective film 120, a phase retardation layer 130, and a polarized reflective film 140. The first lens 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 that are oppositely disposed, the first surface 111 is a surface of the light incident side S1 of the first lens 110, and the first surface 111 is a curved surface, the transflective film 120 is located on a side of the first surface 111 away from the second surface 112, the phase retardation layer 130 is located on a side of the second surface 112 away from the first surface 111, and the polarized reflective film 140 is located on a side of the phase retardation layer 130 away from the first surface 111. The phase retardation layer 130 is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110. The phase retardation layer 130 includes a liquid crystal layer 132. The orthographic projections of the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 on the plane P1 perpendicular to the optical axis OA of the first lens 110 are parallel to each other. The long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules intersecting the optical axis OA are perpendicular to the optical axis OA. In the plane P2 formed by the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the direction X where the optical axis OA is located, the angle θ2 between the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the optical axis OA becomes smaller and smaller from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110. The liquid crystal molecules intersecting the optical axis OA are the liquid crystal molecules passed through by the optical axis OA.

[0141] In the optical structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase retardation layer 130 is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, so that the phase retardation layer 130 can be directly formed on the first lens 110, and there is no need to bond the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 through an adhesive, which can avoid the process of transferring the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 and avoid the defects caused by the bonding process. In this example, the second surface 112 is a curved surface, however, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the second surface 112 can also be a plane.

[0142] In this embodiment, reference Figure 4As shown, the propagation direction of the light for display emitted from the light incident side S1 is parallel to the optical axis OA on the optical axis OA of the first lens 110. Since the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 is a curved surface, in the plane P2, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the angle between the propagation direction of the light for display incident on the second surface 112 and the optical axis OA becomes larger and larger. According to the change trend of the propagation direction of the incident light for display, by setting the angle θ2 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the optical axis OA to become smaller and smaller, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules can always be perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the propagation direction of the incident light, so that the phase retardation layer 130 can realize the transformation of the light between the completely linear polarized light and the completely circular polarized light as much as possible, thereby improving the transformation efficiency of the phase retardation layer 130 between the completely linear polarized light and the completely circular polarized light.

[0143] In some examples, the liquid crystal layer 132 may be composed of liquid crystal molecules that can be aligned under external stimulation (e.g., light, electric field, surface energy, shear force, etc.). For example, the liquid crystal layer 132 may be optically aligned. For example, the liquid crystal layer 132 may be aligned using the method for making the optical structure 100 described above. Of course, the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the alignment of the liquid crystal layer 132.

[0144] In some examples, such as Figure 5 and Fig.17 As shown, in the plane P2, the angle θ3 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 and the tangent plane P3 of the liquid crystal molecules at the position of the second surface 112 is in the range of 0-40 degrees. Thus, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be arranged approximately along the second surface 112. The propagation direction of the light for display incident on the phase retardation layer 130 through the first surface 111 is approximately perpendicular to the second surface 112, so that the propagation direction of the incident light is approximately perpendicular to the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules. Of course, the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the range of the angle θ3, and can be matched and designed according to the shape of the first lens 110, the position of the focal point F, and the size of the display screen 210.

[0145] In some examples, such as Figure 5 and Fig.17 As shown, in the plane P2, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules has the same deflection tendency. Figure 5 As shown, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is deflected toward the second surface 112, and the deflection angle becomes larger from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b.

[0146] In some examples, such as Figure 5 and Fig.17 As shown, on the optical axis OA, the angle θ3 between the liquid crystal molecules and the cut surface P3 is 0 degrees. In the plane P2, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the angle θ3 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the cut surface P3 becomes larger and larger. At the edge position, the angle θ3 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the cut surface P3 is less than or equal to 40 degrees. Of course, the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the value of the angle θ3 at the edge position.

[0147] In some examples, such as Figure 6 and Fig.17 As shown, the orthographic projections of the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 on the plane P1 perpendicular to the optical axis OA are parallel to each other, and along the long axis direction after projection, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the projection length of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules becomes smaller and smaller.

[0148] In some examples, the orthographic projection of the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 on the plane P1 is 45 degrees or 135 degrees to the transmission axis direction of the polarizing reflective film 140 .

[0149] In some examples, such as Fig.17 As shown, the optical structure 100 further includes a polarization absorption layer 150 and a first anti-reflection layer 160 which are sequentially located on a side of the polarization reflection film 140 away from the phase retardation layer 130 .

[0150] Fig.18 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.18 As shown, the phase retardation layer 130 of the optical structure 100 further includes an alignment layer 131 located between the liquid crystal layer 132 and the second surface 112, the alignment layer 131 is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, and the liquid crystal layer 132 is configured to be coated on the alignment layer 131. The liquid crystal layer 132 is coated on the alignment layer 131, so that the alignment of the liquid crystal layer 132 can be achieved through the alignment layer 131. For example, the alignment layer 131 can be optically aligned, and the liquid crystal layer 132 can be arranged along the alignment direction of the alignment layer 131 after being coated on the aligned alignment layer 131. For example, the alignment layer 131 can be aligned using the manufacturing method of the optical structure 100 described above. Of course, the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the alignment method of the alignment layer 131.

[0151] In some examples, the average thickness of the alignment layer 131 is 30-200 nanometers. For example, the average thickness of the liquid crystal layer 132 is 1-5 micrometers.

[0152] In some examples, such as Figure 8As shown, the optical structure 100 further includes a second lens 170, a third lens 180, a polarization absorption layer 150, a second anti-reflection layer 161 and a third anti-reflection layer 162. The second lens 170 is located on the side of the first surface 111 away from the second surface 112, the second anti-reflection layer 161 is located on the side of the second lens 170 away from the first lens 110, and the side of the first lens 110 formed with the transflective film 120 is bonded to the side of the second lens 170 not formed with the second anti-reflection layer 161. The third lens 180 is located on the side of the first lens 110 away from the second lens 170, the third lens 180 includes a third surface 181, the polarization absorption layer 150 is located on the third surface 181 of the third lens 180, and the polarization reflection film 140 is located on the third lens 180 and on the side of the polarization absorption layer 150 away from the third surface 181. The third anti-reflection layer 162 is located on the side of the third lens 180 away from the first lens 110, and the side of the first lens 110 formed with the liquid crystal layer 132 is bonded to the side of the third lens 180 not formed with the third anti-reflection layer 162. In this example, the number of lenses can be increased or decreased according to the optical requirements or performance requirements of the optical structure 100, and the number of optical film layers can also be increased or decreased. For example, the optical structure 100 can also include two lenses or more lenses. For example, the side of the third lens 180 away from the first lens 110 can also be coated with a hard layer, etc.

[0153] Figure 8 It is schematically shown that the phase retardation layer 130 includes an alignment layer 131 and a liquid crystal layer 132 . However, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the phase retardation layer 130 may also include only the liquid crystal layer 132 .

[0154] Fig.19 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.12 and Fig.19As shown, the optical structure 100 has a light incident side S1 and a light exiting side S2, and includes a first lens 110, a transflective film 120, a phase retardation layer 130, and a polarized reflective film 140. The first lens 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 that are oppositely disposed, the first surface 111 is a surface of the light incident side S1 of the first lens 110, and the first surface 111 is a curved surface, the transflective film 120 is located on a side of the first surface 111 away from the second surface 112, the phase retardation layer 130 is located on a side of the second surface 112 away from the first surface 111, and the polarized reflective film 140 is located on a side of the phase retardation layer 130 away from the first surface 111. The phase retardation layer 130 is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110. The phase retardation layer 130 includes an alignment layer 131 and a liquid crystal layer 132. The alignment layer 131 is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, and the liquid crystal layer 132 is configured to be coated on the alignment layer 131. The orthographic projections of the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 on the plane P1 perpendicular to the optical axis OA of the first lens 110 are parallel to each other, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules intersecting the optical axis OA is perpendicular to the optical axis OA, and in the plane P2 formed by the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the direction X where the optical axis OA is located, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the angle θ2 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the optical axis OA becomes smaller and smaller. Fig.19 The orthographic projection of the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 on the plane P1 is shown as Figure 6 , and will not be repeated here.

[0155] In the optical structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase retardation layer 130 is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, so that the phase retardation layer 130 can be directly formed on the first lens 110, and there is no need to bond the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 through an adhesive, which can avoid the process of transferring the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 and avoid the defects caused by the bonding process. In this example, the second surface 112 is a curved surface, however, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this.

[0156] In the optical structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the second surface 112 is a plane. Fig.11As shown in the optical path diagram, when the light emitted by the display screen passes through the first surface 111 of the first lens 110 from the light incident side S1 to the second surface 112, the propagation direction of the incident light is not always perpendicular to the second surface 112. On the optical axis OA of the first lens 110, the propagation direction of the incident light is perpendicular to the second surface 112, and the angle between the propagation direction of the incident light and the second surface 112 becomes smaller and smaller from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110. According to the change trend of the propagation direction of the incident light used for display, by setting the angle θ2 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the optical axis OA to become smaller and smaller, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be always perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the propagation direction of the incident light, so that the phase retardation layer 130 can realize the transformation of the light between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light as much as possible, thereby improving the transformation efficiency of the phase retardation layer 130 between completely linear polarized light and completely circular polarized light.

[0157] Fig.19 The phase retardation layer 130 is schematically shown to include an alignment layer 131 and a liquid crystal layer 132. However, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the phase retardation layer 130 may also include only the liquid crystal layer 132, and the liquid crystal layer 132 is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, which will not be described in detail here.

[0158] In some examples, such as Fig.12 and Fig.19 As shown, in the plane P2, the angle θ4 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 and the second surface 112 ranges from 0 to 40 degrees.

[0159] In some examples, such as Fig.12 and Fig.19 As shown, in plane P2, on the optical axis OA, the angle θ4 between the liquid crystal molecules and the second surface 112 is 0 degrees. In plane P2, from the central area 110a of the first lens 110 to the edge area 110b, the angle θ4 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the second surface 112 becomes larger and larger. At the edge, the angle θ4 between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the section P3 is less than or equal to 40 degrees. Of course, the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the range of the angle θ4, and can be matched and designed according to the shape of the first lens 110, the position of the focal point F, and the size of the display screen 210.

[0160] In some examples, such as Fig.12 and Fig.19As shown, in the plane P2, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules have the same deflection trend from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110. For example, from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b of the first lens 110, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules deflect toward the second surface 112, and the deflection angle increases from the central area 110a to the edge area 110b.

[0161] In some examples, such as Fig.12 and Fig.19 As shown, in the plane P2, the line connecting the centers of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 is not parallel to the second surface 112, and the center of the line is farther away from the second surface 112 than the edge of the line. It should be noted that the line is a line connecting the liquid crystal molecules in one sub-layer in the figure, the center of the line is on the optical axis OA, and the edge of the line is in the edge region 110b of the first lens 110.

[0162] Fig. 20 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Fig.21 for Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the liquid crystal layer of the optical structure shown. Fig. 20 and Fig.21 As shown, the optical structure 100 has a light incident side S1 and a light exiting side S2, and includes a first lens 110, a transflective film 120, a phase retardation layer 130, and a polarized reflective film 140. The first lens 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 that are arranged opposite to each other, the first surface 111 is a surface of the light incident side S1 of the first lens 110, and the first surface 111 is a curved surface, the transflective film 120 is located on a side of the first surface 111 away from the second surface 112, the phase retardation layer 130 is located on a side of the second surface 112 away from the first surface 111, and the polarized reflective film 140 is located on a side of the phase retardation layer 130 away from the first surface 111. The phase retardation layer 130 is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, and the phase retardation layer 130 includes a liquid crystal layer 132, and the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 are parallel to each other. The plane P2 is a plane formed by the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the direction X where the optical axis OA is located.

[0163] In the optical structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase retardation layer 130 is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, so that the phase retardation layer 130 can be directly formed on the first lens 110, and there is no need to bond the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 through an adhesive. This can avoid the process of transferring the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 and avoid the defects caused by the bonding process. Fig.21Only one sublayer of the liquid crystal layer 132 and the second surface 112 are schematically shown, and the liquid crystal layer 132 may include multiple sublayers.

[0164] In this example, the phase retardation layer 130 includes a liquid crystal layer 132 , however, the phase retardation layer 130 may also include an alignment layer 131 , which is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110 , and the liquid crystal layer 132 is configured to be coated on the alignment layer 131 .

[0165] For example, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is 45 degrees or 135 degrees to the transmission axis of the polarizing reflection film 140 .

[0166] For example, the liquid crystal layer 132 may be formed by Fig.15 The corresponding manufacturing method of the embodiment is aligned.

[0167] Fig. 22 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another optical structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Fig.23 for Fig. 22 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the liquid crystal layer of the optical structure shown. Fig. 22 and Fig.23 As shown, the optical structure 100 has a light incident side S1 and a light exiting side S2, and includes a first lens 110, a transflective film 120, a phase retardation layer 130, and a polarized reflective film 140. The first lens 110 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 that are arranged opposite to each other, the first surface 111 is a surface of the light incident side S1 of the first lens 110, and the first surface 111 is a curved surface, the transflective film 120 is located on a side of the first surface 111 away from the second surface 112, the phase retardation layer 130 is located on a side of the second surface 112 away from the first surface 111, and the polarized reflective film 140 is located on a side of the phase retardation layer 130 away from the first surface 111. The phase retardation layer 130 is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, and the phase retardation layer 130 includes a liquid crystal layer 132, and the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 132 are parallel to each other. The plane P2 is a plane formed by the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the direction X where the optical axis OA is located.

[0168] In the optical structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the phase retardation layer 130 is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110, so that the phase retardation layer 130 can be directly formed on the first lens 110, and there is no need to bond the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 through an adhesive. This can avoid the process of transferring the phase retardation layer 130 to the first lens 110 and avoid the defects caused by the bonding process. Fig.23 Only one sublayer of the liquid crystal layer 132 and the second surface 112 are schematically shown, and the liquid crystal layer 132 may include multiple sublayers.

[0169] In this example, the phase retardation layer 130 includes a liquid crystal layer 132 , however, the phase retardation layer 130 may also include an alignment layer 131 , which is configured to be coated on the second surface 112 of the first lens 110 , and the liquid crystal layer 132 is configured to be coated on the alignment layer 131 .

[0170] For example, the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is 45 degrees or 135 degrees to the transmission axis of the polarizing reflection film 140 .

[0171] For example, the liquid crystal molecules may be Fig.15 The corresponding manufacturing method of the embodiment is aligned.

[0172] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device. Fig.24 Schematic diagram of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig.24 As shown, the display device 200 includes a display screen 210 and any of the above optical structures 100, and the display screen 210 is located on the light incident side of the optical structure 100. Therefore, the display device 200 has the beneficial effects corresponding to the beneficial effects of the optical module, which will not be repeated here.

[0173] For example, the display device 200 may be a near-eye display device 200 of virtual reality (VR) or mixed reality (MR).

[0174] There are a few points to note:

[0175] (1) In the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure, only the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design.

[0176] (2) In the absence of conflict, features in the same embodiment or in different embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0177] The above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure, which should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing an optical structure, wherein: The optical structure has a light incident side and a light exiting side, and includes a first lens, a transflective film, a phase delay layer, and a polarized reflective film. The first lens includes a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely arranged, the first surface is a surface of the light incident side of the first lens and the first surface is a curved surface, the transflective film is located on a side of the first surface away from the second surface, the phase delay layer is located on a side of the second surface away from the first surface, and the polarized reflective film is located on a side of the phase delay layer away from the first surface. Wherein, the phase retardation layer includes an alignment layer and a liquid crystal layer, and the manufacturing method includes: Coating the alignment layer on the second surface of the first lens; Performing optical alignment on the alignment layer from the light incident side using an alignment light source; and The liquid crystal layer is coated on a side of the alignment layer away from the second surface.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: When the optical structure is applied to a display device, a display screen is provided on the light incident side of the optical structure, and the optical structure includes a focus located at the position where the display screen is located. Wherein, using the alignment light source to perform optical alignment on the alignment layer from the light incident side comprises: The alignment light source is used to emit light from the plane where the focus is located to perform photo-alignment on the alignment layer, and the plane is perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The light emitting surface of the aligned light source is located in the plane where the focus is located, and the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the aligned light source are the same as the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the display screen.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The area of ​​the light emitting surface of the aligned light source is smaller than the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the phase retardation layer on the plane.

5. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: Using the alignment light source to perform optical alignment on the alignment layer from the light incident side includes: The linearly polarized light emitted by the alignment light source performs optical alignment on the alignment layer from the light incident side. Among them, a part of the linearly polarized light whose propagation direction coincides with the optical axis of the first lens has a first polarization direction, and the first polarization direction is perpendicular to the optical axis. In a plane formed by the first polarization direction and the direction of the optical axis, from the central area to the edge area of ​​the first lens, the angle between the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light incident on the alignment layer and the optical axis becomes smaller and smaller.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The value range of the angle between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer and the tangent plane of the liquid crystal molecules at the position of the second surface is 0-40 degrees.

7. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The average thickness of the alignment layer is 30-200 nanometers, and the average thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 1-5 micrometers.

8. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The second surface of the first lens includes a curved surface or a flat surface.

9. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: forming the transflective film on the first surface of the first lens; forming the polarizing reflective film on a side of the liquid crystal layer away from the first surface; forming a polarization absorbing layer on a side of the polarization reflective film away from the first surface; as well as A first anti-reflection layer is formed on a side of the polarization absorbing layer away from the first surface.

10. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: providing a second lens and a third lens; forming a second anti-reflection layer on one side of the second lens; forming the transflective film on the first surface of the first lens; Laminating a side of the first lens having the transflective film formed thereon to a side of the second lens having no second anti-reflective layer formed thereon; forming a polarization absorbing layer on the third surface of the third lens; forming a polarizing reflective film on a side of the polarizing absorbing layer away from the third surface; forming a third anti-reflection layer on a side of the third lens away from the third surface; as well as The surface of the first lens where the liquid crystal layer is formed is bonded to the side of the third lens where the third anti-reflection layer is not formed.

11. A method for manufacturing an optical structure, wherein: The optical structure has a light incident side and a light exiting side, and includes a first lens, a transflective film, a phase delay layer, and a polarized reflective film. The first lens includes a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely arranged, the first surface is a surface of the light incident side of the first lens and the first surface is a curved surface, the transflective film is located on a side of the first surface away from the second surface, the phase delay layer is located on a side of the second surface away from the first surface, and the polarized reflective film is located on a side of the phase delay layer away from the first surface. Wherein, the phase retardation layer includes a liquid crystal layer, and the manufacturing method includes: coating the liquid crystal layer on the second surface of the first lens; and An alignment light source is used to perform optical alignment on the liquid crystal layer from the light incident side.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein: When the optical structure is applied to a near-eye display device, a display screen is provided on the light incident side of the optical structure, and the optical structure includes a focus located at the position where the display screen is located. Wherein, using the alignment light source to perform optical alignment on the liquid crystal layer from the light incident side includes: using the alignment light source to emit light from the plane where the focus is located to perform optical alignment on the liquid crystal layer, The plane is perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens, the light emitting surface of the aligned light source is located in the plane where the focus is located, and the size and shape of the light emitting surface of the aligned light source are the same as those of the light emitting surface of the display screen.

13. An optical structure having a light incident side and a light exiting side, comprising: A first lens comprises a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first surface is a surface of the light incident side of the first lens and is a curved surface; a transflective film, located on a side of the first surface away from the second surface; a phase retardation layer, located on a side of the second surface away from the first surface; as well as a polarizing reflective film, located on a side of the phase retardation layer away from the first surface, The phase retardation layer is configured to be coated on the second surface of the first lens, the phase retardation layer includes a liquid crystal layer, and the orthographic projections of the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens are parallel to each other. The long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules intersecting the optical axis is perpendicular to the optical axis. In a plane formed by the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the direction of the optical axis, an angle between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the optical axis becomes smaller from a central area to an edge area of ​​the first lens.

14. The optical structure according to claim 13, wherein: The phase retardation layer further includes an alignment layer located between the liquid crystal layer and the second surface, the alignment layer is configured to be coated on the second surface of the first lens, and the liquid crystal layer is configured to be coated on the alignment layer.

15. The optical structure according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: The value range of the angle between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer and the tangent plane of the liquid crystal molecules at the position of the second surface is 0-40 degrees.

16. The optical structure according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: In a plane formed by the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the direction where the optical axis is located, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer have the same deflection tendency from the central area to the edge area of ​​the first lens.

17. The optical structure according to claim 14, wherein: The average thickness of the alignment layer is 30-200 nanometers, and the average thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 1-5 micrometers.

18. The optical structure according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: The second surface of the first lens includes a curved surface.

19. The optical structure according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: The second surface of the first lens comprises a plane, In the plane formed by the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the direction of the optical axis, a line connecting the centers of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is not parallel to the second surface, and the center of the line is farther away from the second surface than the edge of the line.

20. The optical structure according to claim 13 or 14, further comprising: a second lens, located on a side of the first surface away from the second surface; A second anti-reflection layer is located on a side of the second lens away from the first lens; A third lens is located on a side of the first lens away from the second lens and includes a third surface; a polarization absorbing layer, located on the third surface of the third lens; as well as A third anti-reflection layer is located on a side of the third lens away from the first lens, The polarized reflective film is located on the third lens and on the side of the polarized absorption layer away from the third surface, the side of the first lens formed with the transflective film is bonded to the side of the second lens not formed with the second anti-reflection layer, and the side of the first lens formed with the liquid crystal layer is bonded to the side of the third lens not formed with the third anti-reflection layer.

21. A display device comprising a display screen and the optical structure according to any one of claims 13 to 20, wherein: The display screen is located at the light incident side of the optical structure.

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