Navigation light layout design method and system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of aircraft auxiliary equipment, and in particular to a navigation light layout design method and system. The navigation light base angle data is obtained through a three-dimensional model of the nose surface and a specified fixed position of the navigation light as a basic angle of the navigation light. The navigation light base attitude matrix is ​​calculated according to the basic angle of the navigation light, and the coordinates of the lamp bead distribution grid points are transformed to obtain the spatial coordinates of the lamp bead distribution grid points. The normal vectors of the lamp bead distribution grid points are obtained according to the spatial coordinates of the lamp bead distribution grid points. The illumination angles of the lamp beads at the grid points are calculated according to the normal vectors of the lamp bead distribution grid points. The target illumination area range of the navigation light is determined according to flight characteristic data. According to the illumination angles of the lamp beads at the grid points and the target illumination area range of the navigation light, the layout of the navigation light beads is optimized by combining a genetic algorithm with a ray tracing method to achieve an optimal layout of the navigation light.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aircraft auxiliary equipment, and in particular to a navigation light layout design method and system. Background Art

[0002] An aircraft's navigation lights are a key component of flight safety, enabling the aircraft to be clearly identified at night or in low visibility conditions, and providing the pilot with necessary visual references. During the landing phase of the aircraft, the pitch angle of the nose changes significantly, which has a significant impact on the illumination angle and illumination range of the nose navigation lights, which may result in insufficient lighting under the nose and in front of the fuselage, thereby increasing flight safety risks. However, the existing navigation light layout design technology does not fully consider the aircraft's shape characteristics and its optimal lighting effect during the landing phase, resulting in some aircraft having insufficient illumination range of navigation lights during landing, while other aircraft have the problem of redundant illumination light sources. Therefore, how to optimize the layout of the nose navigation light beads according to the shape characteristics of different aircraft and the flight characteristics of the aircraft during the landing phase, to ensure effective lighting while minimizing the number of beads, has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a navigation light layout design method and system to solve the problem of insufficient navigation light illumination range and redundant illumination light sources caused by unreasonable navigation light layout.

[0004] To achieve the above object, on the one hand, the present invention provides a navigation light layout design method, the method comprising:

[0005] The aircraft nose shape characteristic data are obtained according to the aircraft design drawing, and the aircraft nose shape characteristic data include the geometric dimensions and outer contour data of the aircraft nose. The nose is modeled by 3D modeling software according to the aircraft nose shape characteristic data to obtain a nose surface 3D model. The navigation light base angle data are obtained according to the nose surface 3D model and the specified fixed position of the navigation light as the navigation light basic angle.

[0006] The installation surface of the navigation light beads is divided into a network according to the size of the beads to obtain the bead distribution grid points. The navigation light base attitude matrix is ​​calculated according to the basic angle of the navigation light, and the coordinates of the bead distribution grid points are transformed to obtain the spatial coordinates of the bead distribution grid points. The normal vectors of the bead distribution grid points are obtained according to the spatial coordinates of the bead distribution grid points. The illumination angle of the grid points is calculated according to the normal vectors of the bead distribution grid points.

[0007] The flight characteristic data of the aircraft during the landing phase, including the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle, are obtained. The target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights is determined based on the flight characteristic data. The navigation light layout is optimized by combining genetic algorithm with ray tracing method according to the illumination angle of the grid point lamp beads and the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights to obtain the navigation light layout plan.

[0008] Furthermore, the method of obtaining the navigation light base angle data as the navigation light basic angle according to the nose surface three-dimensional model and the specified fixed position of the navigation light includes:

[0009] A three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed with the front-to-back direction of the nose as the X-axis, the left-to-right direction of the nose as the Y-axis, and the up-down direction of the nose as the Z-axis in the three-dimensional model of the nose surface. According to the specified fixed position of the navigation light, the point coordinates of the corresponding position are extracted from the three-dimensional model of the nose surface, and the base surface normal vector of the navigation light is obtained by fitting the least squares method.

[0010] The navigation light base and the navigation light base are calculated based on the normal vector of the navigation light base. Angle of plane for:

[0011] .

[0012] in They are the normal vectors of the navigation light base. The weight on the axis, It is the navigation light base and The angle between the planes.

[0013] According to the normal vector of the navigation light base, the navigation light base is calculated Projection angle of the plane for:

[0014] .

[0015] in The navigation light base is The projection angle of the plane.

[0016] Summary of navigation light base and The angle between the plane and the base of the navigation light The projection angle of the plane is used as the basic angle of the navigation light.

[0017] Further, the method of dividing the installation surface of the navigation light beads into a network according to the size of the beads to obtain the distribution grid points of the beads, calculating the navigation light base posture matrix according to the basic angle of the navigation light and performing coordinate transformation on the distribution grid points of the beads to obtain the spatial coordinates of the distribution grid points of the beads, obtaining the normal vectors of the distribution grid points of the beads according to the spatial coordinates of the distribution grid points of the beads, and calculating the illumination angle of the beads at the grid points according to the normal vectors of the distribution grid points of the beads includes:

[0018] The length and width data of the installation surface of the navigation light beads are obtained, and the grid unit size is determined according to the diameter of the beads, and the grid unit size is not less than the diameter of the beads.

[0019] Divide the navigation light bead installation surface into a network to obtain The grid points of the lamp beads formed by the grid units are described and The calculation method is:

[0020] ;

[0021] .

[0022] in It is the length of the installation surface of the navigation light beads. Is the width of the navigation light bead installation surface, is the diameter of the lamp bead, is the ratio of the side length of the grid unit to the diameter of the lamp bead, is rounded down, is the number of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed. It is the number of rows of the grid points where the lamp beads are distributed.

[0023] The center point of the navigation light bead installation surface is used as the origin to establish the bead installation surface coordinate system and calculate the coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the bead installation surface coordinate system. for:

[0024] ;

[0025] .

[0026] in is the column number of the grid cell, is the row number of the grid cell, It is Ledi The coordinates of the center point of the row grid unit in the coordinate system of the lamp bead installation surface.

[0027] According to the navigation light base and The angle between the plane and the base of the navigation light The projection angle of the plane gets the navigation light base attitude matrix for:

[0028] .

[0029] in is the navigation light base attitude matrix.

[0030] According to the coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the lamp bead installation surface coordinate system, the coordinates are converted through the navigation light base attitude matrix to obtain the spatial coordinates of the center point of each grid unit. for:

[0031] .

[0032] in It is The coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the coordinate system of the lamp bead installation surface, It is The spatial coordinates of the center point of a grid cell.

[0033] According to the spatial coordinates of each lamp bead distribution grid point and the basic angle of the navigation light, the normal vector of the center point of each lamp bead distribution grid is obtained. for:

[0034] ;

[0035] ;

[0036] .

[0037] in It is The normal vector of the center point of a grid cell.

[0038] The illumination angle of the lamp beads at the grid points is calculated based on the normal vector of the lamp bead distribution grid points:

[0039] ;

[0040] .

[0041] in It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead. It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead.

[0042] Furthermore, the method of obtaining the flight characteristic data of the aircraft during the landing phase including the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle, determining the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights according to the flight characteristic data, and optimizing the layout of the navigation lights by combining a genetic algorithm with a ray tracing method according to the illumination angle of the grid point lights and the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights to obtain the layout scheme of the navigation lights includes:

[0043] Obtain the minimum pitch angle and maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during the landing phase, and obtain the vertical range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights during the landing phase based on the minimum pitch angle, maximum pitch angle and the safety margin angle required for aircraft suitability. for:

[0044] ;

[0045] .

[0046] in is the minimum pitch angle of the aircraft during landing. is the maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during landing. is the safety margin angle, is the minimum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area. It is the maximum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area.

[0047] The horizontal range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light is obtained according to the airworthiness requirements, and the horizontal range and the vertical range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light are summarized to obtain the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light.

[0048] The lamp beads are randomly placed at the grid points on the installation surface of the navigation light lamp beads to form initial individuals, and the illumination angles of the grid points corresponding to the grid points where the lamp beads are placed in the initial individuals are recorded to obtain the lamp bead distribution initialization population.

[0049] The target illumination area is divided into ray tracing sampling points according to the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light, and the illumination coverage of the illumination area of ​​the current individual is calculated by the ray tracing method.

[0050] According to the number of lamp beads of the current individual, the optimization coefficient of the lamp beads of the current individual is obtained as follows:

[0051] .

[0052] Said is the number of lamp beads of the current individual, is the number of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed. is the number of rows of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed, It is the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient.

[0053] The navigation light layout adaptability is obtained based on the illumination coverage of the current individual irradiation area and the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient. for:

[0054] .

[0055] in is the illumination coverage of the current individual’s irradiation area, It is the adaptability of navigation light layout.

[0056] According to the fitness of the navigation light layout, the roulette wheel selection method is used to select excellent individuals to enter the next generation population, the selected individuals are cross-generated into new individuals, the new individuals are mutated and the fitness of the navigation light layout is calculated.

[0057] Repeat the crossover mutation and navigation light layout fitness calculation process until the preset number of iterations is reached, and then select the lamp bead layout corresponding to the individual with the highest navigation light layout fitness as the navigation light layout plan.

[0058] Furthermore, the method of dividing the target illumination area into ray tracing sampling points according to the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light and calculating the illumination coverage rate of the illumination area of ​​the current individual by ray tracing method includes:

[0059] According to the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light, the target illumination area is divided according to the preset sampling point angle interval to obtain the number of horizontal ray tracing sampling points. and the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction for:

[0060] ;

[0061] .

[0062] in is the minimum horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the maximum horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the minimum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the maximum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area, is the preset sampling point angle interval, is rounded down, is the number of horizontal ray tracing sampling points, is the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction.

[0063] The angular coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points are obtained based on the number of ray tracing sampling points in the horizontal direction and the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction. for:

[0064] ;

[0065] .

[0066] in It is The horizontal angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, It is The vertical angle coordinate of the ray tracing sampling point.

[0067] For each ray tracing sampling point, the irradiation angle of the lamp bead at the grid point is used to determine whether the lamp bead light covers the ray tracing sampling point. The judgment method is:

[0068] when and When , it marks that the ray tracing sampling point is effectively illuminated by the lamp bead.

[0069] in It is The horizontal angular coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, It is The vertical angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, is the beam angle of a single lamp bead, It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead. It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead.

[0070] Traverse all sampling points and count the number of sampling points that are effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead to obtain the illumination coverage of the current individual illumination area. for:

[0071] .

[0072] in is the number of sampling points effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead, is the total number of ray tracing sampling points.

[0073] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention provides a navigation light layout design system, which includes: a base angle positioning module, a lamp bead illumination angle analysis module, and a navigation light layout optimization module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence.

[0074] The base angle positioning module is used to obtain aircraft nose shape characteristic data based on the aircraft design drawing, the aircraft nose shape characteristic data including the geometric dimensions and outer contour data of the aircraft nose, and to obtain a three-dimensional model of the nose surface by using three-dimensional modeling software based on the aircraft nose shape characteristic data. The navigation light base angle data is obtained based on the three-dimensional model of the nose surface and the specified fixed position of the navigation light as the basic angle of the navigation light.

[0075] The lamp bead illumination angle analysis module is used to divide the navigation light lamp bead installation surface into a network according to the lamp bead size to obtain lamp bead distribution grid points, calculate the navigation light base posture matrix according to the navigation light basic angle and perform coordinate transformation on the lamp bead distribution grid points to obtain the lamp bead distribution grid point spatial coordinates, obtain the lamp bead distribution grid point normal vector according to the lamp bead distribution grid point spatial coordinates, and calculate the lamp bead illumination angle of the grid point according to the normal vector of the lamp bead distribution grid point.

[0076] The navigation light layout optimization module is used to obtain the flight characteristic data of the aircraft during the landing phase, including the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle, determine the range of the navigation light target illumination area based on the flight characteristic data, and optimize the navigation light bead layout through a genetic algorithm combined with a ray tracing method based on the grid point lamp bead illumination angle and the range of the navigation light target illumination area to obtain a navigation light layout plan.

[0077] Furthermore, the base angle positioning module includes: a base surface fitting module, an angle analysis module, a projection angle analysis module, and an angle integration module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence.

[0078] The base surface fitting module is used to construct a three-dimensional coordinate system with the front-to-back direction of the nose as the X-axis, the left-to-right direction of the nose as the Y-axis, and the up-down direction of the nose as the Z-axis in the three-dimensional model of the nose surface. The point coordinates of the corresponding positions are extracted from the three-dimensional model of the nose surface according to the specified fixed positions of the navigation lights, and the base surface is fitted by the least squares method to obtain the normal vector of the navigation light base.

[0079] The angle analysis module is used to calculate the angle between the navigation light base and the navigation light base according to the normal vector of the navigation light base. Angle of plane for:

[0080] .

[0081] in They are the normal vectors of the navigation light base. The weight on the axis, It is the navigation light base and The angle between the planes.

[0082] The projection angle analysis module is used to calculate the navigation light base according to the normal vector of the navigation light base. Projection angle of the plane for:

[0083] .

[0084] in The navigation light base is The projection angle of the plane.

[0085] The angle integration module is used to integrate the navigation light base and The angle between the plane and the base of the navigation light The projection angle of the plane is used as the basic angle of the navigation light.

[0086] Furthermore, the lamp bead illumination angle analysis module includes: a grid unit determination module, an installation surface division module, a lamp bead coordinate acquisition module, a navigation light base attitude matrix module, a space coordinate conversion module, a normal vector determination module, and a lamp bead illumination angle analysis module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence.

[0087] The grid unit determination module is used to obtain the length and width data of the navigation light lamp bead installation surface, and determine the grid unit size according to the lamp bead diameter, and the grid unit size is not less than the lamp bead diameter.

[0088] The installation surface division module is used to divide the navigation light bead installation surface into networks to obtain The grid points of the lamp beads formed by the grid units are described and The calculation method is:

[0089] ;

[0090] .

[0091] in It is the length of the installation surface of the navigation light beads. Is the width of the navigation light bead installation surface, is the diameter of the lamp bead, is the ratio of the side length of the grid unit to the diameter of the lamp bead, is rounded down, is the number of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed. It is the number of rows of the grid points where the lamp beads are distributed.

[0092] The lamp bead coordinate acquisition module is used to establish a lamp bead installation surface coordinate system with the center point of the navigation light lamp bead installation surface as the origin to calculate the coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the lamp bead installation surface coordinate system. for:

[0093] ;

[0094] .

[0095] in is the column number of the grid cell, is the row number of the grid cell, It is Ledi The coordinates of the center point of the row grid unit in the coordinate system of the lamp bead installation surface.

[0096] The navigation light base attitude matrix module is used to determine the navigation light base and the The angle between the plane and the base of the navigation light The projection angle of the plane gets the navigation light base attitude matrix for:

[0097] .

[0098] in is the navigation light base attitude matrix.

[0099] The spatial coordinate conversion module is used to convert the coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the lamp bead installation surface coordinate system through the navigation light base attitude matrix to obtain the spatial coordinates of the center point of each grid unit. for:

[0100] .

[0101] in It is The coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the coordinate system of the lamp bead installation surface, It is The spatial coordinates of the center point of a grid cell.

[0102] The normal vector determination module is used to obtain the normal vector of the center point of each lamp bead distribution grid according to the spatial coordinates of each lamp bead distribution grid point and the basic angle of the navigation light. for:

[0103] ;

[0104] ;

[0105] .

[0106] in It is The normal vector of the center point of a grid cell.

[0107] The lamp bead irradiation angle analysis module is used to calculate the lamp bead irradiation angle at the grid point according to the normal vector of the lamp bead distribution grid point:

[0108] ;

[0109] .

[0110] in It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead. It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead.

[0111] Furthermore, the navigation light layout optimization module includes: a pitch angle acquisition module, a target illumination area determination module, an initialization module, a ray tracing module, a lamp bead optimization module, a fitness determination module, an iteration module, and an output module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence.

[0112] The pitch angle acquisition module is used to obtain the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during the landing phase, and obtain the vertical range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights during the landing phase according to the minimum pitch angle, the maximum pitch angle and the safety margin angle required for the aircraft's suitability. for:

[0113] ;

[0114] .

[0115] in is the minimum pitch angle of the aircraft during landing. is the maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during landing. is the safety margin angle, is the minimum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area. It is the maximum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area.

[0116] The target illumination area determination module is used to obtain the horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area according to the airworthiness requirements, and to summarize the horizontal range and the vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area to obtain the range of the navigation light target illumination area.

[0117] The initialization module is used to randomly place lamp beads at the lamp bead distribution grid points on the lamp bead installation surface of the navigation light to form initial individuals and record the lamp bead irradiation angles of the grid points corresponding to the grid points where the lamp beads are placed in the initial individuals to obtain the lamp bead distribution initialization population.

[0118] The ray tracing module is used to divide the target illumination area into ray tracing sampling points according to the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light, and calculate the illumination coverage rate of the illumination area of ​​the current individual by the ray tracing method.

[0119] The lamp bead optimization module is used to obtain the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient according to the current individual lamp bead quantity:

[0120] .

[0121] Said is the number of lamp beads of the current individual, is the number of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed. is the number of rows of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed, It is the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient.

[0122] The fitness determination module is used to obtain the navigation light layout fitness according to the illumination coverage of the current individual illumination area and the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient. for:

[0123] .

[0124] in is the illumination coverage of the current individual’s irradiation area, It is the adaptability of navigation light layout.

[0125] The iteration module is used to select excellent individuals to enter the next generation population through a roulette wheel selection method according to the fitness of the navigation light layout, cross-over the selected individuals to generate new individuals, mutate the new individuals and calculate the fitness of the navigation light layout.

[0126] The output module is used to repeat the cross-mutation and navigation light layout fitness calculation process until a preset number of iterations is reached, and then the lamp bead layout corresponding to the individual with the highest navigation light layout fitness is selected as the navigation light layout solution.

[0127] Furthermore, the ray tracing module includes: a sampling point division module, a sampling point positioning module, a coverage determination module, and a light coverage analysis module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence.

[0128] The sampling point division module is used to divide the target illumination area according to the preset sampling point angle interval according to the range of the navigation light target illumination area to obtain the number of horizontal ray tracing sampling points. and the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction for:

[0129] ;

[0130] .

[0131] in is the minimum horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the maximum horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the minimum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the maximum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area, is the preset sampling point angle interval, is rounded down, is the number of horizontal ray tracing sampling points, is the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction.

[0132] The sampling point positioning module is used to obtain the angular coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points according to the number of ray tracing sampling points in the horizontal direction and the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction. for:

[0133] ;

[0134] .

[0135] in It is The horizontal angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, It is The vertical angle coordinate of the ray tracing sampling point.

[0136] The coverage determination module is used to determine whether the light of the lamp bead covers the light tracing sampling point according to the illumination angle of the lamp bead at the grid point for each light tracing sampling point. The determination method is:

[0137] when and When , it marks that the ray tracing sampling point is effectively illuminated by the lamp bead.

[0138] in It is The horizontal angular coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, It is The vertical angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, is the beam angle of a single lamp bead, It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead. It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead.

[0139] The illumination coverage analysis module is used to traverse all sampling points and count the number of sampling points effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead to obtain the illumination coverage of the current individual illumination area. for:

[0140] .

[0141] in is the number of sampling points effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead, is the total number of ray tracing sampling points.

[0142] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the position and illumination angle positioning of lamp beads in different grid units are achieved through the navigation light base attitude matrix, the quantitative analysis of illumination coverage is achieved through the ray tracing method, and the layout of navigation lights is further optimized through genetics, so as to achieve the overall goal of using the least lamp beads to meet the illumination requirements of the target illumination area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0143] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0144] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a navigation light layout design method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0145] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the module composition of the navigation light layout design system of Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0146] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0147] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0148] Example 1: Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a navigation light layout design method, the method comprising:

[0149] S1. Obtain aircraft nose shape characteristic data according to the aircraft design drawing, the aircraft nose shape characteristic data includes the geometric dimensions and outer contour data of the aircraft nose, perform nose modeling through 3D modeling software according to the aircraft nose shape characteristic data to obtain a nose surface 3D model, obtain navigation light base angle data as the navigation light base angle according to the nose surface 3D model and the specified fixed position of the navigation light; the aircraft nose geometry is the specific physical dimension data of the nose, including conventional dimension parameters such as length, width, height, etc., the outer contour data is the surface parameter data of the nose surface, such as conventional surface parameters expressed in the form of point cloud or curve equation. After these data are extracted from the aircraft design drawing, they can be used to construct a 3D model of the nose. The 3D modeling software, such as conventional 3D modeling software such as Autodesk CAD, 3D Max, etc., can realize nose modeling, which is a modeling technology used in the industry.

[0150] S2. Divide the installation surface of the navigation light beads into a network according to the size of the beads to obtain the distribution grid points of the beads. Calculate the navigation light base attitude matrix according to the basic angle of the navigation light and transform the coordinates of the distribution grid points of the beads to obtain the spatial coordinates of the distribution grid points of the beads. According to the spatial coordinates of the distribution grid points of the beads, obtain the normal vectors of the distribution grid points of the beads. According to the normal vectors of the distribution grid points of the beads, calculate the illumination angle of the beads at the grid points.

[0151] S3. Obtain the flight characteristic data of the aircraft during the landing phase, including the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle. Determine the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights according to the flight characteristic data. Optimize the layout of the navigation lights by combining genetic algorithm with ray tracing method according to the illumination angle of the grid point lights and the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights to obtain the navigation lights layout plan.

[0152] It should be noted that the method of obtaining the navigation light base angle data as the navigation light basic angle according to the nose surface three-dimensional model and the specified fixed position of the navigation light includes:

[0153] S11. Construct a three-dimensional coordinate system with the front-to-back direction of the nose as the X-axis, the left-to-right direction of the nose as the Y-axis, and the up-down direction of the nose as the Z-axis in the three-dimensional model of the nose surface. Extract the point coordinates of the corresponding position from the three-dimensional model of the nose surface according to the specified fixed position of the navigation light, and obtain the normal vector of the navigation light base by fitting the base surface using the least squares method.

[0154] S12. Calculate the navigation light base and the navigation light base normal vector according to the navigation light base normal vector. Angle of plane for:

[0155] .

[0156] in They are the normal vectors of the navigation light base. The weight on the axis, It is the navigation light base and The angle between the planes.

[0157] For example: According to the fixed position specified by the navigation lights, the coordinates of the five points at the corresponding positions are extracted from the three-dimensional model of the nose surface. , the surface equation with the shortest distance from these points can be obtained by fitting the base surface using the least squares method: , then the normal vector of the navigation light base is , then the navigation light base and Angle of plane The navigation light base and The angle between the planes represents the deflection of the base in the vertical direction.

[0158] S13, calculate the navigation light base normal vector according to the navigation light base normal vector Projection angle of the plane for:

[0159] .

[0160] in The navigation light base is The projection angle of the plane.

[0161] For example: The navigation light base is Projection angle of the plane The navigation light base is The projection angle of the plane represents the deflection of the base in the horizontal direction.

[0162] S14, summary of navigation light base and The angle between the plane and the base of the navigation light The projection angle of the plane is used as the basic angle of the navigation light.

[0163] It should be noted that the method of dividing the installation surface of the navigation light beads into a network according to the size of the beads to obtain the distribution grid points of the beads, calculating the navigation light base posture matrix according to the basic angle of the navigation light and performing coordinate transformation on the distribution grid points of the beads to obtain the spatial coordinates of the distribution grid points of the beads, obtaining the normal vectors of the distribution grid points of the beads according to the spatial coordinates of the distribution grid points of the beads, and calculating the illumination angle of the beads at the grid points according to the normal vectors of the distribution grid points of the beads includes:

[0164] S21, obtaining the length and width data of the installation surface of the navigation light bead, and determining the grid unit size according to the diameter of the bead, wherein the grid unit size is not less than the diameter of the bead; for example, the grid unit size can be set to be equal to the diameter of the bead. times, so that on the one hand, each grid unit can hold one lamp bead, while at the same time, the distance between the lamp beads will not be too large to waste the layout space of the lamp bead installation surface.

[0165] S22, divide the navigation light bead installation surface into a network to obtain The grid points of the lamp beads formed by the grid units are described and The calculation method is:

[0166] ;

[0167] .

[0168] in It is the length of the installation surface of the navigation light beads. Is the width of the navigation light bead installation surface, is the diameter of the lamp bead, is the ratio of the side length of the grid unit to the diameter of the lamp bead, is rounded down, is the number of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed. It is the number of rows of the grid points where the lamp beads are distributed.

[0169] For example: If the length of the navigation light bead installation surface is mm, width of the navigation light bead installation surface mm, lamp bead diameter mm, the ratio of the grid unit side length to the lamp bead diameter is set to , that is, the side length of the grid unit is mm, then , , that is, the navigation light bead installation surface is divided into a network to obtain a bead distribution grid point consisting of 16 rows × 16 columns of grid units.

[0170] S23, establish the lamp bead installation surface coordinate system with the center point of the navigation light lamp bead installation surface as the origin, and calculate the coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the lamp bead installation surface coordinate system. for:

[0171] ;

[0172] .

[0173] in is the column number of the grid cell, is the row number of the grid cell, It is Ledi The coordinates of the center point of the row grid unit in the coordinate system of the lamp bead installation surface.

[0174] For example: For the grid cell in column 1 and row 1, , , then the coordinates of the center point of the grid cell in the 1st column and 1st row in the lamp bead installation surface coordinate system are .

[0175] S24, according to the navigation light base and The angle between the plane and the base of the navigation light The projection angle of the plane gets the navigation light base attitude matrix for:

[0176] .

[0177] in is the navigation light base attitude matrix.

[0178] For example: When the navigation light base and Angle of plane , the navigation light base is Projection angle of the plane hour, .

[0179] S25, according to the coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the lamp bead installation surface coordinate system, coordinate transformation is performed through the navigation light base attitude matrix to obtain the spatial coordinates of the center point of each grid unit for:

[0180] .

[0181] in It is The coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the coordinate system of the lamp bead installation surface, It is The spatial coordinates of the center point of a grid cell.

[0182] For example: For the grid cell in the first column and first row mentioned above, the spatial coordinates are obtained by performing coordinate transformation through the navigation light base attitude matrix .

[0183] S26. Obtain the normal vector of the center point of each lamp bead distribution grid according to the spatial coordinates of each lamp bead distribution grid point and the basic angle of the navigation light. for:

[0184] ;

[0185] ;

[0186] .

[0187] in It is The normal vector of the center point of a grid cell.

[0188] For example, for the grid cell in column 1 and row 1, the normal vector of its center point is: , , , then the normal vector of the center point of the first grid unit is .

[0189] S27. The illumination angle of the lamp beads at the grid points is calculated based on the normal vector of the lamp bead distribution grid points:

[0190] ;

[0191] .

[0192] in It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead. It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead.

[0193] For example: The center point of the first grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead , the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead .

[0194] It should be noted that the method of obtaining the flight characteristic data of the aircraft during the landing phase includes the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle, determining the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights according to the flight characteristic data, and optimizing the layout of the navigation lights by combining a genetic algorithm with a ray tracing method according to the illumination angle of the grid point lights and the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights to obtain the layout scheme of the navigation lights includes:

[0195] S31, obtaining the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during the landing phase, and obtaining the vertical range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights during the landing phase according to the minimum pitch angle, the maximum pitch angle and the safety margin angle required for the aircraft's roadworthiness for:

[0196] ;

[0197] .

[0198] in is the minimum pitch angle of the aircraft during landing. is the maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during landing. is the safety margin angle, is the minimum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area. It is the maximum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area.

[0199] The safety margin angle is set to ensure that the aircraft has sufficient lighting coverage. It is implemented according to the corresponding airworthiness requirements and is usually set to 10°. When the aircraft is in the landing phase, the pitch angle change directly affects the area that the navigation lights need to illuminate. The navigation lights need to ensure that the boundary areas have sufficient light to ensure that effective lighting can be provided within this angle range. For example: When the minimum pitch angle of the aircraft in the landing phase is , the maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during the landing phase is , the safety margin angle is When the navigation light target illumination area is at the minimum vertical range , the maximum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area , then the vertical range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights during the landing phase of the aircraft is .

[0200] S32. According to the airworthiness requirements, the horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area is obtained, and the horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area and the vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area are summed up to obtain the range of the navigation light target illumination area.

[0201] For example, the horizontal range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light in this embodiment is required to be 20 degrees to the left and right of the longitudinal axis of the nose, that is, the horizontal range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light is set to .

[0202] S33, randomly placing lamp beads at the lamp bead distribution grid points on the lamp bead installation surface of the navigation light to form initial individuals and recording the lamp bead irradiation angles of the grid points corresponding to the grid points where the lamp beads are placed in the initial individuals to obtain the lamp bead distribution initialization population.

[0203] The individual represents a layout scheme of lamp beads for navigation lights. The initial number of individuals in the initial population is set according to the number of grid points of lamp bead distribution. The more initial individuals, the better the global optimal solution exploration can be performed, but the speed is slower. The fewer initial individuals, the faster the iteration speed, but it is easy to fall into the local optimal solution. The initial number of individuals in the initial population of this embodiment is set to 50, which can ensure the iteration speed while avoiding falling into the local optimal solution.

[0204] S34, dividing the target illumination area into ray tracing sampling points according to the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light, and calculating the illumination coverage of the illumination area of ​​the current individual by ray tracing method.

[0205] S35. According to the number of lamp beads of the current individual, the optimization coefficient of the lamp beads of the current individual is obtained as follows:

[0206] .

[0207] Said is the number of lamp beads of the current individual, is the number of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed. is the number of rows of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed, It is the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient.

[0208] For example: The number of lamp beads in the current individual layout is The current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient The fewer the number of individual lamp beads, the greater the lamp bead optimization coefficient, and the better the solution is when the light coverage rate of the irradiated area is the same.

[0209] S36. Obtain the navigation light layout adaptability based on the illumination coverage of the current individual illumination area and the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient for:

[0210] .

[0211] in is the illumination coverage of the current individual’s irradiation area, It is the adaptability of navigation light layout.

[0212] For example: If the illumination coverage of the current individual's irradiation area is , the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient , then the adaptability of navigation light layout is The greater the illumination coverage of the current individual illumination area and the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient, the greater the adaptability of the navigation light layout and the better the corresponding solution.

[0213] S37. According to the fitness of the navigation light layout, excellent individuals are selected through the roulette wheel selection method to enter the next generation population, the selected individuals are cross-fertilized to generate new individuals, the new individuals are mutated and the fitness of the navigation light layout is calculated.

[0214] S38. Repeat the crossover mutation and navigation light layout fitness calculation process until a preset number of iterations is reached, and then select the lamp bead layout corresponding to the individual with the highest navigation light layout fitness as the navigation light layout solution.

[0215] It should be noted that the method of dividing the target illumination area into ray tracing sampling points according to the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light and calculating the illumination coverage rate of the illumination area of ​​the current individual by ray tracing method includes:

[0216] S341, according to the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light, the target illumination area is divided according to the preset sampling point angle interval to obtain the number of horizontal ray tracing sampling points and the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction for:

[0217] ;

[0218] .

[0219] in is the minimum horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the maximum horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the minimum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the maximum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area, is the preset sampling point angle interval, is rounded down, is the number of horizontal ray tracing sampling points, is the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction.

[0220] The preset sampling point angle interval is set based on experience to ensure that the sampling points can fully cover the angles of each area in the entire navigation light target illumination area. For example, in this embodiment, the preset angle interval is set to , then if the vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area is set to , the horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area is set to When , the vertical ray tracing sampling point can be obtained as The horizontal ray tracing sampling points are , a total of ray tracing sampling points.

[0221] S342: Obtaining the angular coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points according to the number of ray tracing sampling points in the horizontal direction and the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction for:

[0222] ;

[0223] .

[0224] in It is The horizontal angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, It is The vertical angle coordinate of the ray tracing sampling point.

[0225] For example: the horizontal angle coordinate of the first ray tracing sampling point , the vertical angle coordinate of the first ray tracing sampling point , the horizontal angle coordinate of the second ray tracing sampling point , the vertical angle coordinate of the second ray tracing sampling point .

[0226] S343: For each ray tracing sampling point, determine whether the light of the lamp bead covers the ray tracing sampling point according to the illumination angle of the lamp bead at the grid point, and the determination method is:

[0227] when and When , it marks that the ray tracing sampling point is effectively illuminated by the lamp bead.

[0228] in It is The horizontal angular coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, It is The vertical angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, is the beam angle of a single lamp bead, It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead. It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead.

[0229] The beam angle of the lamp bead can be obtained from the product specifications provided by the lamp bead manufacturer. For example: the center point of the first grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead , the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead , if the beam angle of a single lamp bead ,but For the first ray tracing sampling point, when the center point of the first grid unit corresponds to the illumination of the lamp bead, , Therefore, the first ray tracing sampling point is not marked as effective when the lamp beads are arranged at the center point of the first grid unit. The center point of the grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead , the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead , then for the first ray tracing sampling point, when the center point of the grid unit corresponds to the illumination of the lamp bead, due to , , so the first ray tracing sampling point is at The center point of each grid unit is marked as effective when the lamp beads are irradiated.

[0230] S344, traverse all sampling points and count the number of sampling points effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead to obtain the illumination coverage of the current individual illumination area for:

[0231] .

[0232] in is the number of sampling points effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead, is the total number of ray tracing sampling points.

[0233] For example: If the current individual traverses all sampling points and obtains 45 sampling points that are effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead, then the illumination coverage of the current individual illumination area is The more sampling points in an individual that are effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead, the greater the light coverage of the illuminated area, and the better the solution is under the same number of lamp beads.

[0234] Embodiment 2: Based on the same inventive concept, Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a navigation light layout design system, which includes: a base angle positioning module, a lamp bead illumination angle analysis module, and a navigation light layout optimization module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence.

[0235] The base angle positioning module is used to obtain aircraft nose shape characteristic data based on the aircraft design drawing, the aircraft nose shape characteristic data including the geometric dimensions and outer contour data of the aircraft nose, and to obtain a three-dimensional model of the nose surface by using three-dimensional modeling software based on the aircraft nose shape characteristic data. The navigation light base angle data is obtained based on the three-dimensional model of the nose surface and the specified fixed position of the navigation light as the basic angle of the navigation light.

[0236] The lamp bead illumination angle analysis module is used to divide the navigation light lamp bead installation surface into a network according to the lamp bead size to obtain lamp bead distribution grid points, calculate the navigation light base posture matrix according to the navigation light basic angle and perform coordinate transformation on the lamp bead distribution grid points to obtain the lamp bead distribution grid point spatial coordinates, obtain the lamp bead distribution grid point normal vector according to the lamp bead distribution grid point spatial coordinates, and calculate the lamp bead illumination angle of the grid point according to the normal vector of the lamp bead distribution grid point.

[0237] The navigation light layout optimization module is used to obtain the flight characteristic data of the aircraft during the landing phase, including the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle, determine the range of the navigation light target illumination area based on the flight characteristic data, and optimize the navigation light bead layout through a genetic algorithm combined with a ray tracing method based on the grid point lamp bead illumination angle and the range of the navigation light target illumination area to obtain a navigation light layout plan.

[0238] It should be noted that the base angle positioning module includes: a base surface fitting module, an angle analysis module, a projection angle analysis module, and an angle integration module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence.

[0239] The base surface fitting module is used to construct a three-dimensional coordinate system with the front-to-back direction of the nose as the X-axis, the left-to-right direction of the nose as the Y-axis, and the up-down direction of the nose as the Z-axis in the three-dimensional model of the nose surface. The point coordinates of the corresponding positions are extracted from the three-dimensional model of the nose surface according to the specified fixed positions of the navigation lights, and the base surface is fitted by the least squares method to obtain the normal vector of the navigation light base.

[0240] The angle analysis module is used to calculate the angle between the navigation light base and the navigation light base according to the normal vector of the navigation light base. Angle of plane for:

[0241] .

[0242] in They are the normal vectors of the navigation light base. The weight on the axis, It is the navigation light base and The angle between the planes.

[0243] The projection angle analysis module is used to calculate the navigation light base according to the normal vector of the navigation light base. Projection angle of the plane for:

[0244] .

[0245] in The navigation light base is The projection angle of the plane.

[0246] The angle integration module is used to integrate the navigation light base and The angle between the plane and the base of the navigation light The projection angle of the plane is used as the basic angle of the navigation light.

[0247] It should be noted that the lamp bead illumination angle analysis module includes: a grid unit determination module, an installation surface division module, a lamp bead coordinate acquisition module, a navigation light base attitude matrix module, a space coordinate conversion module, a normal vector determination module, and a lamp bead illumination angle analysis module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence.

[0248] The grid unit determination module is used to obtain the length and width data of the navigation light lamp bead installation surface, and determine the grid unit size according to the lamp bead diameter, and the grid unit size is not less than the lamp bead diameter.

[0249] The installation surface division module is used to divide the navigation light bead installation surface into networks to obtain The grid points of the lamp beads formed by the grid units are described and The calculation method is:

[0250] ;

[0251] .

[0252] in It is the length of the installation surface of the navigation light beads. Is the width of the navigation light bead installation surface, is the diameter of the lamp bead, is the ratio of the side length of the grid unit to the diameter of the lamp bead, is rounded down, is the number of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed. It is the number of rows of the grid points where the lamp beads are distributed.

[0253] The lamp bead coordinate acquisition module is used to establish a lamp bead installation surface coordinate system with the center point of the navigation light lamp bead installation surface as the origin to calculate the coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the lamp bead installation surface coordinate system. for:

[0254] ;

[0255] .

[0256] in is the column number of the grid cell, is the row number of the grid cell, It is Ledi The coordinates of the center point of the row grid unit in the coordinate system of the lamp bead installation surface.

[0257] The navigation light base attitude matrix module is used to determine the navigation light base and the The angle between the plane and the base of the navigation light The projection angle of the plane gets the navigation light base attitude matrix for:

[0258] .

[0259] in is the navigation light base attitude matrix.

[0260] The spatial coordinate conversion module is used to convert the coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the lamp bead installation surface coordinate system through the navigation light base attitude matrix to obtain the spatial coordinates of the center point of each grid unit. for:

[0261] .

[0262] in It is The coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the coordinate system of the lamp bead installation surface, It is The spatial coordinates of the center point of a grid cell.

[0263] The normal vector determination module is used to obtain the normal vector of the center point of each lamp bead distribution grid according to the spatial coordinates of each lamp bead distribution grid point and the basic angle of the navigation light. for:

[0264] ;

[0265] ;

[0266] .

[0267] in It is The normal vector of the center point of a grid cell.

[0268] The lamp bead irradiation angle analysis module is used to calculate the lamp bead irradiation angle at the grid point according to the normal vector of the lamp bead distribution grid point:

[0269] ;

[0270] .

[0271] in It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead. It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead.

[0272] It should be noted that the navigation light layout optimization module includes: a pitch angle acquisition module, a target illumination area determination module, an initialization module, a ray tracing module, a lamp bead optimization module, a fitness determination module, an iteration module, and an output module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence.

[0273] The pitch angle acquisition module is used to obtain the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during the landing phase, and obtain the vertical range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights during the landing phase according to the minimum pitch angle, the maximum pitch angle and the safety margin angle required for the aircraft's suitability. for:

[0274] ;

[0275] .

[0276] in is the minimum pitch angle of the aircraft during landing. is the maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during landing. is the safety margin angle, is the minimum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area. It is the maximum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area.

[0277] The target illumination area determination module is used to obtain the horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area according to the airworthiness requirements, and to summarize the horizontal range and the vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area to obtain the range of the navigation light target illumination area.

[0278] The initialization module is used to randomly place lamp beads at the lamp bead distribution grid points on the lamp bead installation surface of the navigation light to form initial individuals and record the lamp bead irradiation angles of the grid points corresponding to the grid points where the lamp beads are placed in the initial individuals to obtain the lamp bead distribution initialization population.

[0279] The ray tracing module is used to divide the target illumination area into ray tracing sampling points according to the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light, and calculate the illumination coverage rate of the illumination area of ​​the current individual by the ray tracing method.

[0280] The lamp bead optimization module is used to obtain the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient according to the current individual lamp bead quantity:

[0281] .

[0282] Said is the number of lamp beads of the current individual, is the number of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed. is the number of rows of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed, It is the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient.

[0283] The fitness determination module is used to obtain the navigation light layout fitness according to the illumination coverage of the current individual illumination area and the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient. for:

[0284] .

[0285] in is the illumination coverage of the current individual’s irradiation area, It is the adaptability of navigation light layout.

[0286] The iteration module is used to select excellent individuals to enter the next generation population through a roulette wheel selection method according to the fitness of the navigation light layout, cross-over the selected individuals to generate new individuals, mutate the new individuals and calculate the fitness of the navigation light layout.

[0287] The output module is used to repeat the cross-mutation and navigation light layout fitness calculation process until a preset number of iterations is reached, and then the lamp bead layout corresponding to the individual with the highest navigation light layout fitness is selected as the navigation light layout solution.

[0288] It should be noted that the ray tracing module includes: a sampling point division module, a sampling point positioning module, a coverage determination module, and a light coverage analysis module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence.

[0289] The sampling point division module is used to divide the target illumination area according to the preset sampling point angle interval according to the range of the navigation light target illumination area to obtain the number of horizontal ray tracing sampling points. and the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction for:

[0290] ;

[0291] .

[0292] in is the minimum horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the maximum horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the minimum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the maximum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area, is the preset sampling point angle interval, is rounded down, is the number of horizontal ray tracing sampling points, is the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction.

[0293] The sampling point positioning module is used to obtain the angular coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points according to the number of ray tracing sampling points in the horizontal direction and the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction. for:

[0294] ;

[0295] .

[0296] in It is The horizontal angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, It is The vertical angle coordinate of the ray tracing sampling point.

[0297] The coverage determination module is used to determine whether the light of the lamp bead covers the light tracing sampling point according to the illumination angle of the lamp bead at the grid point for each light tracing sampling point. The determination method is:

[0298] when and When , it marks that the ray tracing sampling point is effectively illuminated by the lamp bead.

[0299] in It is The horizontal angular coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, It is The vertical angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, is the beam angle of a single lamp bead, It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead. It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead.

[0300] The illumination coverage analysis module is used to traverse all sampling points and count the number of sampling points effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead to obtain the illumination coverage of the current individual illumination area. for:

[0301] .

[0302] in is the number of sampling points effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead, is the total number of ray tracing sampling points.

[0303] It should be noted that, regarding the system in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs operations has been described in detail in Embodiment 1 of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0304] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of the invention. Therefore, the replacement of equivalent components, or equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention, should still fall within the scope of this patent. In addition, the technical features of the present invention can be freely combined with each other, with each other, and with each other.

Claims

1. A navigation light layout design method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire aircraft nose shape characteristic data according to the aircraft design drawing, the aircraft nose shape characteristic data includes geometric dimensions and outer contour data of the aircraft nose, perform nose modeling through 3D modeling software according to the aircraft nose shape characteristic data to obtain a nose surface 3D model, and obtain navigation light base angle data as a navigation light basic angle according to the nose surface 3D model and the specified fixed position of the navigation light; Divide the installation surface of the navigation light beads into a network according to the size of the beads to obtain the distribution grid points of the beads. Calculate the attitude matrix of the navigation light base according to the basic angle of the navigation light and perform coordinate transformation on the distribution grid points of the beads to obtain the spatial coordinates of the distribution grid points of the beads. According to the spatial coordinates of the distribution grid points of the beads, obtain the normal vectors of the distribution grid points of the beads. According to the normal vectors of the distribution grid points of the beads, calculate the illumination angle of the beads at the grid points. The flight characteristic data of the aircraft during the landing phase, including the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle, are obtained. The target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights is determined based on the flight characteristic data. The navigation light layout is optimized based on the illumination angle of the grid point lamp beads and the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights by combining genetic algorithm with ray tracing method to obtain the navigation light layout plan. The method of obtaining the flight characteristic data of the aircraft during the landing phase including the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle, determining the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights according to the flight characteristic data, and optimizing the layout of the navigation lights by combining a genetic algorithm with a ray tracing method according to the illumination angle of the grid point lights and the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights to obtain the layout scheme of the navigation lights includes: Obtain the minimum pitch angle and maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during the landing phase, and obtain the vertical range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights during the landing phase based on the minimum pitch angle, maximum pitch angle and the safety margin angle required for aircraft suitability. for: ； ； in is the minimum pitch angle of the aircraft during landing. is the maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during landing. is the safety margin angle, is the minimum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area. It is the maximum vertical range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light; According to the airworthiness requirements, the horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area is obtained, and the horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area and the vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area are summarized to obtain the range of the navigation light target illumination area; Randomly place lamp beads at the lamp bead distribution grid points on the lamp bead installation surface of the navigation light to form an initial individual and record the lamp bead irradiation angles of the grid points corresponding to the grid points where the lamp beads are placed in the initial individual to obtain the lamp bead distribution initialization population; The target illumination area is divided into ray tracing sampling points according to the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light, and the illumination coverage rate of the illumination area of ​​the current individual is calculated by the ray tracing method; According to the number of lamp beads of the current individual, the optimization coefficient of the lamp beads of the current individual is obtained as follows: ； Said is the number of lamp beads of the current individual, is the number of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed. is the number of rows of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed, is the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient; The navigation light layout adaptability is obtained based on the illumination coverage of the current individual irradiation area and the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient. for: ； in is the illumination coverage of the current individual’s irradiation area, is the adaptability of the navigation light layout; According to the fitness of the navigation light layout, excellent individuals are selected through the roulette wheel selection method to enter the next generation population, the selected individuals are cross-generated into new individuals, the new individuals are mutated and the fitness of the navigation light layout is calculated; Repeat the crossover mutation and navigation light layout fitness calculation process until the preset number of iterations is reached, and then select the lamp bead layout corresponding to the individual with the highest navigation light layout fitness as the navigation light layout plan.

2. The navigation light layout design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the navigation light base angle data as the navigation light basic angle according to the nose surface three-dimensional model and the navigation light specified fixed position includes: A three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed with the front-to-back direction of the nose as the X-axis, the left-to-right direction of the nose as the Y-axis, and the up-down direction of the nose as the Z-axis in the three-dimensional model of the nose surface. The point coordinates of the corresponding position are extracted from the three-dimensional model of the nose surface according to the specified fixed position of the navigation light, and the base surface is fitted by the least squares method to obtain the normal vector of the navigation light base. The navigation light base and the navigation light base are calculated based on the normal vector of the navigation light base. Angle of plane for: ； in They are the normal vectors of the navigation light base. The weight on the axis, It is the navigation light base and The angle between the planes; According to the normal vector of the navigation light base, the navigation light base is calculated Projection angle of the plane for: ； in The navigation light base is Projection angle of the plane; Summary of navigation light base and The angle between the plane and the base of the navigation light The projection angle of the plane is used as the basic angle of the navigation light.

3. The navigation light layout design method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of dividing the installation surface of the navigation light beads into a network according to the size of the beads to obtain the distribution grid points of the beads, calculating the navigation light base posture matrix according to the basic angle of the navigation light and performing coordinate transformation on the distribution grid points of the beads to obtain the spatial coordinates of the distribution grid points of the beads, obtaining the normal vectors of the distribution grid points of the beads according to the spatial coordinates of the distribution grid points of the beads, and calculating the illumination angle of the beads at the grid points according to the normal vectors of the distribution grid points of the beads comprises: Obtain the length and width data of the installation surface of the navigation light bead, and determine the grid unit size according to the diameter of the bead, wherein the grid unit size is not less than the diameter of the bead; Divide the navigation light bead installation surface into a network to obtain The grid points of the lamp beads formed by the grid units are described and The calculation method is: ； ； in It is the length of the installation surface of the navigation light beads. is the width of the navigation light bead installation surface, is the diameter of the lamp bead, is the ratio of the side length of the grid unit to the diameter of the lamp bead, is rounded down, is the number of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed. is the number of rows of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed; The center point of the navigation light bead installation surface is used as the origin to establish the bead installation surface coordinate system and calculate the coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the bead installation surface coordinate system. for: ； ； in is the column number of the grid cell, is the row number of the grid cell, It is Ledi The coordinates of the center point of the row grid unit in the coordinate system of the lamp bead installation surface; According to the navigation light base and The angle between the plane and the base of the navigation light The projection angle of the plane gets the navigation light base attitude matrix for: ； in is the navigation light base attitude matrix; According to the coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the lamp bead installation surface coordinate system, the coordinates are converted through the navigation light base attitude matrix to obtain the spatial coordinates of the center point of each grid unit. for: ； in It is The coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the coordinate system of the lamp bead installation surface, It is The spatial coordinates of the center point of each grid cell; According to the spatial coordinates of each lamp bead distribution grid point and the basic angle of the navigation light, the normal vector of the center point of each lamp bead distribution grid is obtained. for: ； ； ； in It is The normal vector of the center point of the grid cell; The illumination angle of the lamp beads at the grid points is calculated based on the normal vector of the lamp bead distribution grid points: ； ； in It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead. It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead.

4. The navigation light layout design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of dividing the target illumination area into ray tracing sampling points according to the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light and calculating the illumination coverage rate of the illumination area of ​​the current individual by ray tracing method comprises: According to the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light, the target illumination area is divided according to the preset sampling point angle interval to obtain the number of horizontal ray tracing sampling points. and the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction for: ； ； in is the minimum horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the maximum horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the minimum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the maximum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area, is the preset sampling point angle interval, is rounded down, is the number of horizontal ray tracing sampling points, is the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction; The angular coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points are obtained based on the number of ray tracing sampling points in the horizontal direction and the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction. for: ； ； in It is The horizontal angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, It is The vertical angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points; For each ray tracing sampling point, the irradiation angle of the lamp bead at the grid point is used to determine whether the lamp bead light covers the ray tracing sampling point. The judgment method is: when and When , it is marked that the ray tracing sampling point is effectively illuminated by the lamp bead; in It is The horizontal angular coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, It is The vertical angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, is the beam angle of a single lamp bead, It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead. It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead; Traverse all sampling points and count the number of sampling points that are effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead to obtain the illumination coverage of the current individual illumination area. for: ； in is the number of sampling points effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead, is the total number of ray tracing sampling points.

5. A navigation light layout design system, characterized in that: The system comprises: a base angle positioning module, a lamp bead irradiation angle analysis module, and a navigation light layout optimization module, each of which is connected in sequence; The base angle positioning module is used to obtain the aircraft nose shape characteristic data according to the aircraft design drawing, the aircraft nose shape characteristic data includes the geometric size and outer contour data of the aircraft nose, and to obtain the nose surface three-dimensional model by using three-dimensional modeling software according to the aircraft nose shape characteristic data, and to obtain the navigation light base angle data as the navigation light basic angle according to the nose surface three-dimensional model and the specified fixed position of the navigation light; The lamp bead irradiation angle analysis module is used to divide the navigation light lamp bead installation surface into a network according to the lamp bead size to obtain the lamp bead distribution grid points, calculate the navigation light base posture matrix according to the navigation light basic angle and perform coordinate transformation on the lamp bead distribution grid points to obtain the lamp bead distribution grid point spatial coordinates, obtain the lamp bead distribution grid point normal vector according to the lamp bead distribution grid point spatial coordinates, and calculate the lamp bead irradiation angle of the grid point according to the normal vector of the lamp bead distribution grid point; The navigation light layout optimization module is used to obtain the flight characteristic data of the aircraft during the landing phase, including the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle, determine the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light according to the flight characteristic data, and optimize the layout of the navigation light beads by combining a genetic algorithm with a ray tracing method according to the illumination angle of the grid point beads and the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light to obtain a navigation light layout plan; The navigation light layout optimization module includes: a pitch angle acquisition module, a target illumination area determination module, an initialization module, a ray tracing module, a lamp bead optimization module, a fitness determination module, an iteration module, and an output module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence; The pitch angle acquisition module is used to obtain the minimum pitch angle and the maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during the landing phase, and obtain the vertical range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation lights during the landing phase according to the minimum pitch angle, the maximum pitch angle and the safety margin angle required for the aircraft's suitability. for: ； ； in is the minimum pitch angle of the aircraft during landing. is the maximum pitch angle of the aircraft during landing. is the safety margin angle, is the minimum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area. It is the maximum vertical range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light; The target illumination area determination module is used to obtain the horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area according to the airworthiness requirements, and to summarize the horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area and the vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area to obtain the range of the navigation light target illumination area; The initialization module is used to randomly place lamp beads at the lamp bead distribution grid points on the lamp bead installation surface of the navigation light to form an initial individual and record the lamp bead irradiation angles of the grid points corresponding to the grid points where the lamp beads are placed in the initial individual to obtain the lamp bead distribution initialization population; The ray tracing module is used to divide the target illumination area into ray tracing sampling points according to the range of the target illumination area of ​​the navigation light, and calculate the illumination coverage rate of the illumination area of ​​the current individual by ray tracing method; The lamp bead optimization module is used to obtain the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient according to the current individual lamp bead quantity: ； Said is the number of lamp beads of the current individual, is the number of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed. is the number of rows of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed, is the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient; The fitness determination module is used to obtain the navigation light layout fitness according to the illumination coverage of the current individual illumination area and the current individual lamp bead optimization coefficient. for: ； in is the illumination coverage of the current individual’s irradiation area, is the adaptability of the navigation light layout; The iteration module is used to select excellent individuals to enter the next generation population through a roulette wheel selection method according to the fitness of the navigation light layout, cross-over the selected individuals to generate new individuals, mutate the new individuals and calculate the fitness of the navigation light layout; The output module is used to repeat the cross-mutation and navigation light layout fitness calculation process until a preset number of iterations is reached, and then the lamp bead layout corresponding to the individual with the highest navigation light layout fitness is selected as the navigation light layout solution.

6. The navigation light layout design system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base angle positioning module includes: a base surface fitting module, an angle analysis module, a projection angle analysis module, and an angle integration module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence; The base surface fitting module is used to construct a three-dimensional coordinate system with the front-to-back direction of the nose as the X-axis, the left-to-right direction of the nose as the Y-axis, and the up-down direction of the nose as the Z-axis in the three-dimensional model of the nose surface, extract the point coordinates of the corresponding position from the three-dimensional model of the nose surface according to the specified fixed position of the navigation light, and obtain the navigation light base normal vector by performing base surface fitting through the least squares method; The angle analysis module is used to calculate the angle between the navigation light base and the navigation light base according to the normal vector of the navigation light base. Angle of plane for: ； in They are the normal vectors of the navigation light base. The weight on the axis, It is the navigation light base and The angle between the planes; The projection angle analysis module is used to calculate the navigation light base according to the normal vector of the navigation light base. Projection angle of the plane for: ； in The navigation light base is Projection angle of the plane; The angle integration module is used to integrate the navigation light base and The angle between the plane and the base of the navigation light The projection angle of the plane is used as the basic angle of the navigation light.

7. The navigation light layout design system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lamp bead irradiation angle analysis module includes: a grid unit determination module, an installation surface division module, a lamp bead coordinate acquisition module, a navigation light base attitude matrix module, a space coordinate conversion module, a normal vector determination module, and a lamp bead irradiation angle analysis module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence; The grid unit determination module is used to obtain the length and width data of the navigation light bead installation surface, and determine the grid unit size according to the diameter of the bead, and the grid unit size is not less than the diameter of the bead; The installation surface division module is used to divide the navigation light bead installation surface into networks to obtain The grid points of the lamp beads formed by the grid units are described and The calculation method is: ； ； in It is the length of the installation surface of the navigation light beads. is the width of the navigation light bead installation surface, is the diameter of the lamp bead, is the ratio of the side length of the grid unit to the diameter of the lamp bead, is rounded down, is the number of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed. is the number of rows of grid points where the lamp beads are distributed; The lamp bead coordinate acquisition module is used to establish a lamp bead installation surface coordinate system with the center point of the navigation light lamp bead installation surface as the origin to calculate the coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the lamp bead installation surface coordinate system. for: ； ； in is the column number of the grid cell, is the row number of the grid cell, It is Ledi The coordinates of the center point of the row grid unit in the coordinate system of the lamp bead installation surface; The navigation light base attitude matrix module is used to determine the navigation light base and the The angle between the plane and the base of the navigation light The projection angle of the plane gets the navigation light base attitude matrix for: ； in is the navigation light base attitude matrix; The spatial coordinate conversion module is used to convert the coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the lamp bead installation surface coordinate system through the navigation light base attitude matrix to obtain the spatial coordinates of the center point of each grid unit. for: ； in It is The coordinates of the center point of each grid unit in the coordinate system of the lamp bead installation surface, It is The spatial coordinates of the center point of each grid cell; The normal vector determination module is used to obtain the normal vector of the center point of each lamp bead distribution grid according to the spatial coordinates of each lamp bead distribution grid point and the basic angle of the navigation light. for: ； ； ； in It is The normal vector of the center point of the grid cell; The lamp bead irradiation angle analysis module is used to calculate the lamp bead irradiation angle at the grid point according to the normal vector of the lamp bead distribution grid point: ； ； in It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead. It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead.

8. The navigation light layout design system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ray tracing module includes: a sampling point division module, a sampling point positioning module, a coverage determination module, and an illumination coverage rate analysis module, and each of the modules is connected in sequence; The sampling point division module is used to divide the target illumination area according to the preset sampling point angle interval according to the range of the navigation light target illumination area to obtain the number of horizontal ray tracing sampling points. and the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction for: ； ； in is the minimum horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the maximum horizontal range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the minimum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area. is the maximum vertical range of the navigation light target illumination area, is the preset sampling point angle interval, is rounded down, is the number of horizontal ray tracing sampling points, is the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction; The sampling point positioning module is used to obtain the angular coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points according to the number of ray tracing sampling points in the horizontal direction and the number of ray tracing sampling points in the vertical direction. for: ； ； in It is The horizontal angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, It is The vertical angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points; The coverage determination module is used to determine whether the light of the lamp bead covers the light tracing sampling point according to the illumination angle of the lamp bead at the grid point for each light tracing sampling point. The determination method is: when and When , it is marked that the ray tracing sampling point is effectively illuminated by the lamp bead; in It is The horizontal angular coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, It is The vertical angle coordinates of the ray tracing sampling points, is the beam angle of a single lamp bead, It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the horizontal irradiation angle of the lamp bead. It is The center point of each grid unit corresponds to the vertical irradiation angle of the lamp bead; The illumination coverage analysis module is used to traverse all sampling points and count the number of sampling points effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead to obtain the illumination coverage of the current individual illumination area. for: ； in is the number of sampling points effectively illuminated by at least one lamp bead, is the total number of ray tracing sampling points.

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