Cable path optimization and working well arrangement method and system based on BIM and geophysical prospecting

Abstract

The invention discloses a cable path optimization and working well arrangement method and system based on BIM and geophysical prospecting, and aims to improve the accuracy and rationality of cable path planning in a power construction process. According to the method, firstly, the underground environment of a construction area is detected through the geophysical prospecting technology, a position space where a working well can be placed is obtained, and corresponding coordinates are generated; and then, based on the coordinates, automatically generating different layout schemes for the working well in the model. The cable path in each scheme is calculated and simulated by using secondary development of the BIM technology, and the optimal scheme is screened through an optimization algorithm. According to the method, obstacles in construction can be effectively avoided, the cable path is optimized, material waste and construction cost are reduced, and the accuracy and feasibility of power design and construction are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power pipeline design and planning, and in particular to a method and system for cable path optimization and work well layout based on BIM and geophysical exploration. Background Art

[0002] With the development of cities, the types of municipal pipelines are becoming more and more diverse, including power lines, water supply and drainage networks, gas networks, etc. They each undertake different functions such as power supply, water supply and drainage, and gas supply. These pipelines are in a complex underground environment and may be affected by various factors such as soil pressure, water pressure, and chemical substances. Therefore, it is particularly important to reasonably utilize the limited underground space and maximize the social and economic benefits of various pipelines.

[0003] Among the many municipal pipelines, power pipelines play a vital role in the city. They are key infrastructure for the normal operation and development of the city and are known as the "lifeline" of the city. Electrical manholes provide a safe and orderly management and protection environment for the power system, ensuring the normal operation of the building and the safety of the residents. Electrical manholes not only ensure the continuity of power supply, but also effectively reduce the risk of power failures through centralized management. They also help maintenance personnel to conduct regular inspections and maintenance to ensure that electrical equipment is always in the best working condition.

[0004] Therefore, in areas with complex municipal pipelines, the positioning of electrical wells is particularly critical. According to existing geophysical exploration technology, only part of the underground environment can be detected, avoiding unusable areas, but it cannot provide an optimal location that can ensure the smooth passage of power cables and optimize the use of limited space. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a cable path optimization and well layout method and system based on BIM and geophysical exploration, aiming to solve the technical problems of difficult electrical well positioning, inaccurate cable path planning, high construction cost and low efficiency in complex municipal pipeline areas.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a cable path optimization and well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration, comprising the following method steps:

[0007] S1. According to the design plan of the power line, determine the target work well, pipes, cables and two fixed-position work wells adjacent to the target work well whose positions need to be optimized, and build BIM models for the target work well, the two fixed-position work wells and the pipes, where the two fixed-position work wells serve as the starting point and end point of the cable laying path to limit the layout range of the target work well, pipes and cables;

[0008] S2. Based on the BIM model of the two fixed-position work wells that have been established, a three-dimensional space range is determined as the possible location area of ​​the target work well, and the possible location area extends outward from the positions of the two fixed-position work wells to the preset vertical and horizontal boundaries to form a rectangular space, and the position coordinate information of the rectangular space is established, and a point in the rectangular space is selected as the coordinate origin;

[0009] S3. Use geophysical exploration technology to detect the underground environment within the determined three-dimensional space, identify and record obstacle information, and integrate the detected obstacle information into the BIM model to form a comprehensive model containing underground environment data;

[0010] S4. Based on the comprehensive model, taking the coordinate origin set in step S2 as the positioning reference, selecting one of the exhaustive search method, A* algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, inputting multiple sets of target well coordinates through the SDK interface of the BIM software platform, batch simulating each possible position of the target well and the corresponding pipe and cable routing within the three-dimensional space, and generating multiple different well layouts and cable routing schemes;

[0011] S5. Preliminary screening of the generated multiple schemes is performed according to preset screening criteria, wherein the preset screening criteria include: whether the cable bending radius is within a preset bending radius range; whether the buried depth of the drainage pipe meets a preset depth range; and excluding any working well position overlapping with obstacles detected by geophysical exploration technology;

[0012] S6. Select the optimal work well layout and cable routing scheme from the initially screened schemes in order of priority from high to low, i.e., minimizing the cable length, minimizing the construction complexity, and optimizing the cable bending radius and distance;

[0013] S7. The optimal solution is displayed in three dimensions through the BIM platform, showing the detailed location of the target work well and its pipe and cable laying, as well as the path information.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the created BIM three-dimensional model includes the geometric dimensions (such as size and shape) and physical properties (such as material and bearing capacity) of the target working shaft, as well as the position, shape and connection characteristics of the working shafts at two fixed positions.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, extending outward from the two fixed positions of the working well to the preset vertical and horizontal boundaries includes the following steps:

[0016] Based on the two fixed positions of the work well, it extends vertically upward to a preset distance below the ground, and vertically downward and horizontally to the preset boundaries, thereby forming a three-dimensional space containing the possible positions of the target work well, and setting the coordinate system based on this three-dimensional space.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the obstacles include but are not limited to other municipal pipelines, abnormal underground structures and groundwater levels.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, step S4 comprises the following steps:

[0019] If the spatial information is simple, the simulated annealing algorithm is selected to plan the cable path and work well layout, and the optimal solution is searched within the determined three-dimensional space;

[0020] If the spatial information is complex and there are multiple possible local optimal solutions, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is selected to plan the cable path and work well layout to find the global optimal solution.

[0021] In the above content, simple spatial information means that the three-dimensional spatial environment where the target work well is located is relatively clear, the obstacle distribution is relatively simple or regular, and there are no large number of complex underground structures or changes. In this case, when using algorithms to analyze and calculate the work well location and cable routing, the required calculation amount and complexity are relatively low.

[0022] In the above content, complex spatial information refers to: the three-dimensional spatial environment where the target work well is located is relatively complex, the obstacles are irregularly distributed, and there may be a large number of unknown underground structures or changes. In this case, when using algorithms to analyze and calculate the work well location and cable routing, the required calculation amount and complexity are relatively high.

[0023] In a more preferred embodiment, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is selected to plan the cable path and work well layout, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] A1, constructing an objective function, wherein the objective function is a weighted sum function set according to three factors: cable length, construction complexity, and bending radius, and each factor is assigned a different weight coefficient;

[0025] A2, within the determined three-dimensional space, randomly generate the position information and velocity information of the particle population as the initial solution. The position information of each particle represents a possible well location and the corresponding cable routing solution;

[0026] A3, calculate the objective function value according to the position information of the current population, and form the individual optimal value pBest and the global optimal value gBest of the current particle population, where the individual optimal value is the best objective function value of the particles in the particle population in the current iteration number, and the global optimal value is the best objective function value of the particles in the particle population during the iteration process;

[0027] A4, according to the current speed and position information of each particle in the particle population, as well as the individual optimal value and the global optimal value, adjust the speed and position of each particle according to the update formula of the particle swarm optimization algorithm;

[0028] Ensure that the updated position of each particle is still within the determined three-dimensional space range and does not overlap with known underground obstacles;

[0029] A5, repeating step A3 and step A4 until a preset maximum number of iterations is reached or the objective function value converges below a preset threshold;

[0030] During the iteration process, the individual optimal value and the global optimal value are continuously recorded and updated to obtain the optimal work well location and cable routing solution;

[0031] A6, extract the optimal working well location and cable routing solution from the global optimal value, and use the solution as the optimal solution searched by the particle swarm optimization algorithm in the determined three-dimensional space.

[0032] In a more preferred embodiment, a simulated annealing algorithm is selected to plan the cable path and work well layout, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0033] B1, construct the objective function;

[0034] B2, randomly initializing the solution state S0, wherein the solution state S0 obtains an initial objective function value T0 according to the objective function calculation, wherein the initial solution state S0 represents an initial solution for the cable path and the work well layout;

[0035] B3, based on the current solution state Sk, a neighborhood solution S' is generated through random perturbations. The neighborhood solution S' represents a possible alternative solution near the current solution, where Sk represents the solution state at the kth iteration;

[0036] B4, calculate the objective function difference ΔC=C(S')-C(S) between the neighborhood solution S' and the current solution S, where the objective function C(S) is a weighted sum function set based on three factors: cable length, construction complexity, and bending radius, and each factor is assigned a different weight coefficient; the lower the value of the objective function C(S), the higher the quality of the solution;

[0037] B5, if ΔC < 0, that is, the neighborhood solution is worse than the current solution, then accept the neighborhood solution S' as the current solution; if ΔC ≥ 0, that is, the neighborhood solution is not as good as the current solution, then accept the neighborhood solution S' as the new current solution with probability exp(-ΔC / T);

[0038] B6, repeating steps B3 to B5 until a preset maximum number of iterations is reached or the objective function value converges below a preset threshold, and taking the solution as the solution searched by the simulated annealing algorithm within the determined three-dimensional space range.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, in step S5, the preset screening criteria also include: compliance with local construction laws and regulations, the distance from the road and sidewalk meets the preset requirements, the distance from surrounding buildings and other municipal pipelines meets the preset safety distance, and the maintenance distance around the work well meets the preset value range.

[0040] The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a cable path optimization and well layout system based on BIM and geophysical exploration, comprising:

[0041] The BIM modeling module is used to determine the target work well, pipes, cables and two fixed-position work wells adjacent to the target work well in accordance with the design plan of the power line, and to construct a BIM model for the target work well, the two fixed-position work wells and the pipes between them using the building information model BIM. The BIM model includes the geometric and physical characteristics of the work well, as well as the direction and connection method of the pipes and cables. The two fixed-position work wells serve as the starting point and end point of the cable laying path to limit the layout range of the target work well, pipes and cables.

[0042] A spatial range determination module is used to determine a three-dimensional spatial range as a possible location area of ​​the target work well based on the BIM model of the two fixed-position work wells that have been established, wherein the possible location area extends outward from the positions of the two fixed-position work wells to preset vertical and horizontal boundaries to form a rectangular space, and establish position coordinate information of the rectangular space, and select a point in the rectangular space as the coordinate origin;

[0043] The geophysical exploration and data integration module is used to detect the underground environment within the determined three-dimensional space using geophysical exploration technology, identify and record obstacle information, and integrate the detected obstacle information into the BIM model to form a comprehensive model containing underground environment data;

[0044] A simulation module is used to select one of the exhaustive search method, A* algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm based on the comprehensive model and the coordinate origin set in the spatial range determination module as the positioning reference, and input multiple groups of target well coordinates through the SDK interface of the BIM software platform, batch simulate each possible position of the target well within the three-dimensional space, as well as the corresponding pipe and cable routing, to generate multiple different well layouts and cable routing solutions;

[0045] The scheme screening and optimization module is used to preliminarily screen the generated multiple schemes according to preset screening criteria, wherein the preset screening criteria include whether the cable bending radius is within the preset bending radius range, whether the buried depth of the drainage pipe meets the preset depth range, and excluding any working well positions overlapping with obstacles detected by geophysical exploration technology; among the schemes after the preliminary screening, the optimal working well layout and cable routing scheme is selected in descending order of priority, namely, minimizing the cable use length, minimizing the construction complexity, and optimizing the cable bending radius and distance;

[0046] The visualization display module is used to display the optimal wiring solution obtained in the simulation and optimization module in three dimensions through the BIM platform, showing the detailed location of the target work well and its pipes and cables, as well as the cable laying path.

[0047] The third aspect of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] 1) Improve the accuracy and rationality of cable path planning: By combining BIM (Building Information Modeling) and geophysical exploration technology, the present invention can more accurately detect the underground environment of the construction area, thereby determining the optimal location for placing the work well. Based on these precise data, the work well can automatically generate multiple layout schemes in the model, and calculate and simulate the cable path in each scheme through secondary development of BIM technology. Compared with traditional methods, this method greatly reduces human errors and improves the accuracy and rationality of planning.

[0050] 2) Optimize the cable routing path to reduce material waste and construction costs: The present invention uses optimization algorithms (such as particle swarm optimization algorithm, simulated annealing algorithm, etc.) to screen multiple routing schemes to find the best solution. This solution not only meets the requirements of cable bending radius, but also minimizes the length of the cable and reduces material waste. At the same time, by optimizing the layout of the work pit and the cable routing, the construction complexity can be reduced, the amount of excavation and restoration work can be reduced, and the construction cost can be further reduced.

[0051] 3) Improve the feasibility and efficiency of power design and construction: In areas with complex municipal pipelines, the positioning of electrical manholes and the planning of cable paths often face many challenges. This invention integrates BIM and geophysical exploration technology to provide an efficient and fast method to determine the optimal manhole location and cable path. This method can effectively avoid obstacles during construction, optimize the use of limited underground space, and improve the feasibility and efficiency of power design and construction.

[0052] 4) Support for 3D visualization: The final result of the present invention is a 3D visualization display through the BIM platform, showing the detailed location of the target work well and its pipes and cables. This intuitive display method helps the design team and construction personnel to better understand the cable wiring scheme and ensure that it meets the design requirements and actual construction needs. At the same time, the 3D visualization model can also serve as an important reference in the construction process, reducing communication costs and improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0054] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the cable path optimization and well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration.

[0055] Figure 2 In step S2 of the method of the present invention, based on the established BIM models of the work pits at two fixed positions, a three-dimensional space range is determined as a schematic diagram of the possible location area of ​​the target work pit.

[0056] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cable path optimization and work well layout system based on BIM and geophysical exploration of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the above and other features and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments given herein are for the purpose of explaining to those skilled in the art and are only exemplary and not restrictive.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] This embodiment provides a cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration. In view of the problems encountered in actual construction, under the condition of existing objective conditions, a three-dimensional model is constructed through BIM technology, and the underground environment is detected with geophysical exploration technology to divide reasonable location information; a large number of models are obtained according to different algorithms, and models that meet the construction requirements are screened out; then, according to the preset selection strategy, the optimal solution is generated, and the model is visualized in three dimensions.

[0060] See also Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the cable path optimization and well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration specifically includes the following method steps:

[0061] S1. Build BIM model

[0062] According to the design plan of the power line, determine the target work well, pipe (jacking pipe), cable and two fixed-position work wells adjacent to the target work well whose positions need to be optimized.

[0063] Use Building Information Modeling (BIM) to create a three-dimensional model for the target work pit, which includes the geometric characteristics (size, shape) and physical characteristics (material, bearing capacity, etc.) of the work pit.

[0064] Determine the fixed point work well positions at both ends of the target work well. Use the two fixed work wells as the starting point and end point of the cable laying path, and establish BIM models to clarify their positions, shapes, and connection characteristics. The two fixed work wells will serve as reference points with fixed positions during the optimization process to limit the scope of the target work well, pipe laying, and cable laying.

[0065] Between the target work well and the fixed work wells at both ends, a pipe model is established using BIM technology to describe the direction of the cable and simulate the pipe structure in actual construction. Based on these pipe positions, a cable laying model is further created to simulate how the cables are routed through these work wells and pipes, forming a preliminary wiring plan.

[0066] S2. Determine the possible location area of ​​the target well

[0067] Based on the BIM model of the two fixed-position work wells, a three-dimensional spatial range is determined as the possible location area of ​​the target work well. The possible location area extends outward from the two fixed-position work wells to the preset vertical and horizontal boundaries to form a rectangular space.

[0068] Specifically, see Figure 2 As shown, based on the two fixed positions of the work well, it extends vertically upward to 0.5m below the ground (or other distances determined according to construction regulations), and vertically downward and horizontally to the specified boundaries, thereby forming a three-dimensional space containing the possible locations of the target work well. Then, the position coordinate information of the rectangular space is established, and a point in the rectangular space is selected as the coordinate origin.

[0069] In addition, when determining possible location areas, it is also necessary to exclude known unconstructable locations based on relevant construction specifications and site conditions to ensure the actual feasibility and safety of the selected location.

[0070] S3. Screening constructible space information

[0071] Use geophysical exploration technology to detect the underground environment within the determined three-dimensional space, identify and record obstacle information. These obstacles include but are not limited to other municipal pipelines, underground structural anomalies and groundwater levels.

[0072] The detected obstacle information is integrated into the BIM model to form a comprehensive model that includes underground environment data. Through the BIM platform, these underground obstacles are marked in the target work well and pipe model to ensure that the spatial position of all obstacles is clearly displayed in the model. Combined with the Geographic Information System (GIS), the relative position relationship between the underground environment and the target work well and pipe is uniformly displayed.

[0073] S4. Simulate the target well location and cable routing

[0074] Based on the comprehensive model, taking the coordinate origin set in step S2 as the positioning reference, one of the exhaustive search method, A* algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm is selected to perform batch simulation of the target well location and cable routing.

[0075] Specifically, multiple sets of target well coordinates are input through the SDK interface of the BIM software platform. Within the three-dimensional space, each possible position of the target well and the corresponding pipe and cable routing are simulated in batches to generate multiple different well layouts and cable routing solutions.

[0076] When choosing an algorithm, you can make decisions based on the complexity of the spatial information. For example:

[0077] (1) If the spatial information is simple, the simulated annealing algorithm can be selected to find the optimal solution in the multidimensional space.

[0078] The simple spatial information mentioned here means that the three-dimensional spatial environment where the target work well is located is relatively clear, the obstacle distribution is relatively simple or regular, and there are no large number of complex underground structures or changes. In this case, when using algorithms to analyze and calculate the work well location and cable routing, the required calculation amount and complexity are relatively low.

[0079] (2) If the spatial information is complex and there are multiple possible local optimal solutions, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is selected for global search.

[0080] The complex spatial information mentioned here refers to the following: the three-dimensional spatial environment where the target work well is located is relatively complex, obstacles are irregularly distributed, and there may be a large number of unknown underground structures or changes. In this case, when using algorithms to analyze and calculate the work well location and cable routing, the required amount of calculation and complexity are relatively high.

[0081] S4.1. Specific implementation of particle swarm optimization algorithm

[0082] S4.1.1, construct an objective function, which is a weighted sum function set according to three factors: cable length, construction complexity and bending radius, and each factor is assigned a different weight coefficient.

[0083] S4.1.2, within the determined three-dimensional space, randomly generate position information and velocity information of a particle population as an initial solution, and the position information of each particle represents a possible working well location and a corresponding cable routing solution.

[0084] S4.1.3, calculate the objective function value according to the position information of the current population, and form the individual optimal value pBest and the global optimal value gBest of the current particle population, where the individual optimal value is the best objective function value of the particles in the particle population in the current number of iterations, and the global optimal value is the best objective function value of the particles in the particle population during the iteration process.

[0085] S4.1.4, according to the current speed and position information of each particle in the particle population, as well as the individual optimal value and the global optimal value, adjust the speed and position of each particle according to the update formula of the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Ensure that the updated position of each particle is still within the determined three-dimensional space range and does not overlap with known underground obstacles.

[0086] S4.1.5, repeat steps S4.1.3 and S4.1.4 until a preset maximum number of iterations is reached or the objective function value converges below a preset threshold.

[0087] During the iteration process, the individual optimal value and the global optimal value are continuously recorded and updated to obtain the optimal working well location and cable routing solution.

[0088] S4.1.6, extract the optimal working well location and cable routing solution from the global optimal value, and use the solution as the optimal solution searched by the particle swarm optimization algorithm in the determined three-dimensional space.

[0089] S4.2. Specific implementation of simulated annealing algorithm

[0090] The solution state S0 and the maximum number of iterations L are randomly initialized. The initial solution state S0 represents the initial plan for the cable path and the work well layout.

[0091] For each iteration, a neighborhood solution S' is generated by random perturbation based on the current solution state Sk. The objective function difference ΔC between the neighborhood solution S' and the current solution S is calculated. The objective function C(S) is a weighted sum function set based on three factors: cable length, construction complexity, and bending radius.

[0092] If ΔC < 0, the neighborhood solution S' is accepted as the current solution; if ΔC ≥ 0, the neighborhood solution S' is accepted as the new current solution with probability exp(-ΔC / T). If no new solution is accepted in several consecutive iterations, the termination condition is considered to be met and the current solution is output as the optimal solution.

[0093] If the termination condition is not met, the current temperature Tk is reduced and the next iteration process is continued.

[0094] S5. Preliminary screening plan

[0095] According to the preset screening criteria, the multiple generated solutions are preliminarily screened.

[0096] The preset screening criteria include but are not limited to:

[0097] a) Cable bending radius: Ensure that the bending radius of the cable is within the specification range allowed by the equipment to avoid excessive bending that may cause cable damage or construction difficulties.

[0098] b) Reasonable layout of drainage pipes: Check the buried depth and layout of drainage pipes to ensure their feasibility and safety during construction.

[0099] c) Avoid obstacles: Any working well location that overlaps with geophysical obstacles should be eliminated immediately to avoid risks in underground construction.

[0100] d) Other screening criteria, such as compliance with local construction laws and regulations, appropriate distance from roads and sidewalks, safe distance from surrounding buildings and other municipal pipelines, and maintenance distance around work wells.

[0101] S6. Select the best solution

[0102] Among the solutions after preliminary screening, the best solution is selected based on further optimization strategies. The selection strategy of the best solution may include the minimum cable length, the lowest construction complexity (such as the minimum excavation and restoration work), and the optimal balance between bending radius and distance.

[0103] For example, the optimal manhole layout and cable routing solution is selected according to the priorities from high to low, namely minimizing the cable usage length, minimizing the construction complexity, and optimizing the cable bending radius and distance.

[0104] S7, 3D visualization display

[0105] The optimal solution is visualized in three dimensions through the BIM platform. The detailed location of the target work well and its pipe and cable laying, as well as the path information, are displayed. This model display can help the design team intuitively understand the cable wiring plan and ensure that it meets the design requirements and actual construction needs.

[0106] Through the above steps, this embodiment can efficiently generate multiple feasible work well layouts and cable routing solutions, and select the optimal solution through screening and optimization, providing strong technical support for the construction of power lines.

[0107] Example 2

[0108] Based on the same design concept, this embodiment also provides a cable path optimization and well layout system based on BIM and geophysical exploration (see Figure 3 ), specifically including the following modules: BIM modeling module, spatial scope determination module, geophysical exploration and data integration module, simulation module, scheme screening and optimization module and visualization display module.

[0109] The BIM modeling module is used to determine the target work well, pipes, cables and two fixed-position work wells adjacent to the target work well that need to be optimized based on the design plan of the power line, and use the building information model BIM to construct a BIM model for the target work well, the two fixed-position work wells and the pipes between them. The BIM model includes the geometric and physical characteristics of the work well, as well as the direction and connection method of the pipes and cables. The two fixed-position work wells serve as the starting point and end point of the cable laying path to limit the layout range of the target work well, pipes and cables.

[0110] The spatial range determination module is used to determine a three-dimensional spatial range as the possible location area of ​​the target work well based on the BIM model of the two fixed-position work wells that have been established. The possible location area extends outward from the positions of the two fixed-position work wells to preset vertical and horizontal boundaries to form a rectangular space, and establish the position coordinate information of the rectangular space, and select a point in the rectangular space as the coordinate origin.

[0111] The geophysical exploration and data integration module is used to use geophysical exploration technology to detect the underground environment within a determined three-dimensional space, identify and record obstacle information, integrate the detected obstacle information into the BIM model, and form a comprehensive model that includes underground environment data.

[0112] The simulation module is used to locate several points based on the comprehensive model, with the coordinate origin set in the spatial range determination module as the positioning point, select one of the exhaustive search method, A* algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, input multiple groups of target well coordinates through the SDK interface of the BIM software platform, batch simulate every possible position of the target well within the three-dimensional space, and the corresponding pipe and cable routing, and generate multiple different well layouts and cable routing solutions.

[0113] The scheme screening and optimization module is used to perform preliminary screening of multiple generated schemes according to preset screening criteria, wherein the preset screening criteria include whether the cable bending radius is within the preset bending radius range, whether the buried depth of the drainage pipe is within the preset depth range, and excluding any working well locations that overlap with obstacles detected by geophysical exploration technology; among the schemes after preliminary screening, the optimal working well layout and cable routing scheme is selected according to the priority from high to low, namely, minimizing the cable use length, minimizing the construction complexity, and optimizing the cable bending radius and distance.

[0114] The visualization display module is used to display the optimal wiring solution obtained in the simulation and optimization module in three dimensions through the BIM platform, showing the detailed location of the target work well and its pipes and cables, as well as the cable laying path.

[0115] As for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, please refer to the partial description of the method embodiment for the relevant parts, which will not be repeated here.

[0116] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable path optimization and well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. According to the design plan of the power line, determine the target work well, pipes, cables and two fixed-position work wells adjacent to the target work well whose positions need to be optimized, and build BIM models for the target work well, the two fixed-position work wells and the pipes, where the two fixed-position work wells serve as the starting point and end point of the cable laying path to limit the layout range of the target work well, pipes and cables; S2. Based on the BIM model of the two fixed-position work wells that have been established, a three-dimensional space range is determined as the possible location area of ​​the target work well, and the possible location area extends outward from the positions of the two fixed-position work wells to the preset vertical and horizontal boundaries to form a rectangular space, and the position coordinate information of the rectangular space is established, and a point in the rectangular space is selected as the coordinate origin; S3. Use geophysical exploration technology to detect the underground environment within the determined three-dimensional space, identify and record obstacle information, and integrate the detected obstacle information into the BIM model to form a comprehensive model containing underground environment data; S4. Based on the comprehensive model, taking the coordinate origin set in step S2 as the positioning reference, selecting one of the exhaustive search method, A* algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, inputting multiple sets of target well coordinates through the SDK interface of the BIM software platform, batch simulating each possible position of the target well and the corresponding pipe and cable routing within the three-dimensional space, and generating multiple different well layouts and cable routing schemes; S5. Preliminary screening of the generated multiple schemes is performed according to preset screening criteria, wherein the preset screening criteria include: whether the cable bending radius is within a preset bending radius range; whether the buried depth of the drainage pipe meets a preset depth range; and excluding any working well position overlapping with obstacles detected by geophysical exploration technology; S6. Select the optimal work well layout and cable routing scheme from the initially screened schemes in order of priority from high to low, i.e., minimizing the cable length, minimizing the construction complexity, and optimizing the cable bending radius and distance; S7. The optimal solution is displayed in three dimensions through the BIM platform, showing the detailed location of the target work well and its pipe and cable laying, as well as the path information.

2. The cable path optimization and well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the extending from the two fixed positions of the working well to the preset vertical and horizontal boundaries includes the following steps: Based on the two fixed positions of the work well, it extends vertically upward to a preset distance below the ground, and vertically downward and horizontally to the preset boundaries, thereby forming a three-dimensional space containing the possible positions of the target work well, and setting the coordinate system based on this three-dimensional space.

3. The cable path optimization and well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step S4 includes the following steps: If the spatial information is simple, the simulated annealing algorithm is selected to plan the cable path and work well layout, and the optimal solution is searched within the determined three-dimensional space; If the spatial information is complex and there are multiple possible local optimal solutions, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is selected to plan the cable path and work well layout to find the global optimal solution.

4. The cable path optimization and well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The particle swarm optimization algorithm is selected for cable path and well layout planning, which includes the following steps: A1, constructing an objective function, wherein the objective function is a weighted sum function set according to three factors: cable length, construction complexity, and bending radius, and each factor is assigned a different weight coefficient; A2, within the determined three-dimensional space, randomly generate the position information and velocity information of the particle population as the initial solution. The position information of each particle represents a possible well location and the corresponding cable routing solution; A3, calculate the objective function value according to the position information of the current population, and form the individual optimal value pBest and the global optimal value gBest of the current particle population, where the individual optimal value is the best objective function value of the particles in the particle population in the current iteration number, and the global optimal value is the best objective function value of the particles in the particle population during the iteration process; A4, according to the current speed and position information of each particle in the particle population, as well as the individual optimal value and the global optimal value, adjust the speed and position of each particle according to the update formula of the particle swarm optimization algorithm; Ensure that the updated position of each particle is still within the determined three-dimensional space range and does not overlap with known underground obstacles; A5, repeating step A3 and step A4 until a preset maximum number of iterations is reached or the objective function value converges below a preset threshold; During the iteration process, the individual optimal value and the global optimal value are continuously recorded and updated to obtain the optimal work well location and cable routing solution; A6, extract the optimal working well location and cable routing solution from the global optimal value, and use the solution as the optimal solution searched by the particle swarm optimization algorithm in the determined three-dimensional space.

5. The cable path optimization and well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The simulated annealing algorithm is selected for cable path and work well layout planning, which includes the following steps: B1, construct the objective function; B2, randomly initializing the solution state S0, wherein the solution state S0 obtains an initial objective function value T0 according to the objective function calculation, wherein the initial solution state S0 represents an initial solution for the cable path and the work well layout; B3, based on the current solution state Sk, a neighborhood solution S' is generated through random perturbations. The neighborhood solution S' represents a possible alternative solution near the current solution, where Sk represents the solution state at the kth iteration; B4, calculate the objective function difference ΔC=C(S')-C(S) between the neighborhood solution S' and the current solution S, where the objective function C(S) is a weighted sum function set based on three factors: cable length, construction complexity, and bending radius, and each factor is assigned a different weight coefficient; the lower the value of the objective function C(S), the higher the quality of the solution; B5, if ΔC < 0, that is, the neighborhood solution is worse than the current solution, then accept the neighborhood solution S' as the current solution; if ΔC ≥ 0, that is, the neighborhood solution is not as good as the current solution, then accept the neighborhood solution S' as the new current solution with probability exp(-ΔC / T); B6, repeating steps B3 to B5 until a preset maximum number of iterations is reached or the objective function value converges below a preset threshold, and taking the solution as the solution searched by the simulated annealing algorithm within the determined three-dimensional space range.

6. The cable path optimization and well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S5, the preset screening criteria also include: compliance with local construction laws and regulations, the distance from the road and sidewalk meets the preset requirements, the distance from surrounding buildings and other municipal pipelines meets the preset safety distance, and the maintenance distance around the work well meets the preset value range.

7. Cable path optimization and well layout system based on BIM and geophysical exploration, characterized by: include: The BIM modeling module is used to determine the target work well, pipes, cables and two fixed-position work wells adjacent to the target work well in accordance with the design plan of the power line, and to construct a BIM model for the target work well, the two fixed-position work wells and the pipes between them using the building information model BIM. The BIM model includes the geometric and physical characteristics of the work well, as well as the direction and connection method of the pipes and cables. The two fixed-position work wells serve as the starting point and end point of the cable laying path to limit the layout range of the target work well, pipes and cables. A spatial range determination module is used to determine a three-dimensional spatial range as a possible location area of ​​the target work well based on the BIM model of the two fixed-position work wells that have been established, wherein the possible location area extends outward from the positions of the two fixed-position work wells to preset vertical and horizontal boundaries to form a rectangular space, and establish position coordinate information of the rectangular space, and select a point in the rectangular space as the coordinate origin; The geophysical exploration and data integration module is used to detect the underground environment within the determined three-dimensional space using geophysical exploration technology, identify and record obstacle information, and integrate the detected obstacle information into the BIM model to form a comprehensive model containing underground environment data; A simulation module is used to select one of the exhaustive search method, A* algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm based on the comprehensive model and the coordinate origin set in the spatial range determination module as the positioning reference, and input multiple groups of target well coordinates through the SDK interface of the BIM software platform, batch simulate each possible position of the target well within the three-dimensional space, as well as the corresponding pipe and cable routing, to generate multiple different well layouts and cable routing solutions; The scheme screening and optimization module is used to preliminarily screen the generated multiple schemes according to preset screening criteria, wherein the preset screening criteria include whether the cable bending radius is within the preset bending radius range, whether the buried depth of the drainage pipe meets the preset depth range, and excluding any working well positions overlapping with obstacles detected by geophysical exploration technology; among the schemes after the preliminary screening, the optimal working well layout and cable routing scheme is selected in descending order of priority, namely, minimizing the cable use length, minimizing the construction complexity, and optimizing the cable bending radius and distance; The visualization display module is used to display the optimal wiring solution obtained in the simulation and optimization module in three dimensions through the BIM platform, showing the detailed location of the target work well and its pipes and cables, as well as the cable laying path.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the cable path optimization and work well layout method based on BIM and geophysical exploration as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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