Electrical load monitoring system and monitoring method based on characteristic current

Abstract

The invention discloses a characteristic current-based electrical load monitoring system and monitoring method. The monitoring system comprises a management master station; the monitoring client is in communication connection with the management master station through a network; the electricity meter is arranged at a user side and can be in communication connection with the management master station through a power line; the socket is electrically connected with the electricity meter and comprises a characteristic current communication module, a voltage detection module, a current detection module and a jack pressure detection module; the characteristic current communication module communicates with an electricity meter through a characteristic current signal; the voltage detection module is used for detecting a line voltage value of the socket; the current detection module is used for detecting the current value of each jack on the socket; the jack pressure detection module is used for detecting the pressure value of the jack. According to the invention, a traditional high-complexity data analysis solution is replaced by a simple communication solution, related functions can be realized on the basis of existing low-voltage transformer area power grid facilities and systems, the monitoring capability is strong, the malicious damage behavior resistance is strong, and the hardware cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electricity consumption monitoring, and in particular relates to an electricity load monitoring system and a monitoring method based on characteristic current. Background Art

[0002] Monitoring the critical power load conditions in the power grid is a technical issue that the power grid management department is very concerned about. Conventional non-invasive power load identification technology based on load power parameter acquisition and analysis installs an electrical parameter acquisition device on the power line, and realizes the identification of the power load running on the line through data collection and feature analysis of parameters such as voltage and current. For example, the non-invasive load detection method based on decentralized federated learning disclosed in Chinese invention patent application No. 202211160060.0, and the electrical equipment identification method, device and non-invasive load detection system disclosed in Chinese invention patent application No. 202210566071.2. However, this non-invasive power load identification technology has the following problems in practical applications: there are many types of power loads in the power grid, and the same type of power loads manufactured by different manufacturers will have different power parameter characteristics. The power parameters of the same type of power equipment from different manufacturers may have different characteristics. The power equipment will also have changes in power characteristics due to the iterative updates of manufacturing technology. Therefore, data analysis is difficult, and the power load power characteristic database must be continuously updated, the amount of sampled data is large, and the technology development cycle is long. In addition, the power load identification equipment needs to support high-frequency sampling and high-complexity data analysis, and needs to report a large amount of information. The system is relatively complex, and the software and hardware costs are high.

[0003] With the development of Internet of Things technology, more and more products related to smart homes have emerged, and smart sockets with built-in wireless communication modules have appeared. For example, the method based on WIFI smart sockets and routers self-organizing network disclosed in Chinese invention patent application No. 202310260049.X can realize remote monitoring and even remote operation of electrical equipment through smart sockets. However, if the power load is monitored through such smart sockets based on Wi-Fi or other wireless communication technologies, a WI-FI or other wireless communication system needs to be built, which has high hardware costs, and the smart sockets must be placed in the effective coverage area of ​​their signals, and the application scenarios are limited. In addition, the power monitoring information or power control information is transmitted on open wireless broadcast channels and the Internet, which poses a great information security risk. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a power load monitoring system and a monitoring method which have low hardware cost, strong monitoring capability, and are simple and practical.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The power load monitoring system based on characteristic current includes: a management main station; a monitoring client connected to the management main station through a network; an electric meter arranged at the user end, the electric meter can communicate with the management main station through a power line; and a socket electrically connected to the electric meter, the socket including: a characteristic current communication module, a voltage detection module, a current detection module and a jack pressure detection module; the characteristic current communication module is connected to the electric meter through a characteristic current signal; the voltage detection module is used to detect the line voltage value of the socket; the current detection module is used to detect the current value of each jack on the socket; the jack pressure detection module is used to detect the pressure value of the jack.

[0007] Furthermore, the socket also includes a battery for temporarily powering the characteristic current communication module, the voltage detection module, the current detection module and the jack pressure detection module.

[0008] Furthermore, the socket is provided with a main switch for controlling the physical connection relationship between the socket and the power supply line, and the characteristic current communication module, the voltage detection module, the current detection module and the jack pressure detection module are located at the front end of the main switch.

[0009] Furthermore, the characteristic current signal includes: meter paging signal, paging response signal, link establishment application signal, link establishment application response signal, jack monitoring task start signal, jack monitoring task start notification response signal, jack status change notification signal, jack status change notification response signal, jack monitoring task end notification signal, jack monitoring task end notification response signal, power outage inquiry signal, and power outage response signal.

[0010] The monitoring method of the power load monitoring system as described above comprises the following steps:

[0011] The socket is connected to a power supply line, and the characteristic current communication module sends an electric meter paging signal to the line where the socket is located, and the electric meter paging signal carries the product serial number information of the socket itself;

[0012] The electric meter that receives the paging signal from the electric meter replies with a paging response signal, the socket selects the electric meter with the largest response signal strength from all the responding electric meters as its own communication partner electric meter, and sends a link establishment application signal to the communication partner electric meter, the communication partner electric meter receives the link establishment application signal and replies with a link establishment application response signal, and a two-way communication link is established between the communication partner electric meter and the socket;

[0013] After the two-way communication link is established, the communication object meter reports the product serial number information of the socket to the management main station. After receiving the information sent by the communication object meter, the management main station sends information to the monitoring client to inform that the socket is online;

[0014] After the socket is online, when the monitored electrical device is plugged into the socket of the socket, the monitoring client sends a monitoring request to the management main station;

[0015] After receiving the monitoring request, the management master station forwards it to the communication object meter that has established a two-way communication link with the socket connected to the monitored electrical device, and the communication object meter forwards the monitoring request to the socket;

[0016] After receiving the monitoring request, the socket reports the current status information of the socket connected to the electrical device to the electric meter, and in the subsequent monitoring process, if the status of the socket changes, the socket sends a status change notification signal to the electric meter to report the status change information;

[0017] After receiving the information reported by the socket, the electric meter sends it to the management main station, and the management main station forwards it to the monitoring client.

[0018] Furthermore, the monitoring request includes the number of the socket into which the electrical device is plugged and monitoring information related to the socket, and the monitoring information includes: whether the socket has any plugging and unplugging behavior and the time when the plugging and unplugging behavior occurs, and working time period information of the electrical device on the socket, including the time to start operation when power is turned on and the time to stop operation when power is turned off.

[0019] Further, after receiving the monitoring request, the socket continuously monitors the physical connection between itself and the power supply line. If the line voltage value detected by the voltage detection module is non-zero, it indicates that the physical connection between the socket and the power supply line is normal. If it is zero, it indicates that the power supply line is out of power or the physical connection between the socket and the power supply line is interrupted.

[0020] If the line voltage value of the socket changes from non-zero to zero, the battery supplies power to the characteristic current communication module, the voltage detection module, the current detection module and the jack pressure detection module, and the socket sends a power failure inquiry signal to the electric meter;

[0021] If the power supply line is out of power, the electric meter will reply with a power outage response signal to confirm the power outage after receiving the power outage inquiry signal. After receiving the power outage confirmation response, the socket will send a socket state change notification signal to the electric meter only when the pressure state of the socket to be monitored changes. In other cases, no signal will be sent until the power supply line is restored;

[0022] If the physical connection between the socket and the power supply line is interrupted, the socket enters power saving mode, turns off the communication function, and retains the monitoring of the pressure status of the socket to be monitored. If the socket pressure status changes during the power saving mode, the relevant information is recorded and maintained, and after the electric meter and the power supply line are physically connected again, a socket status change notification signal is sent to the electric meter to notify the electric meter that the pressure status of the socket to be monitored in the power saving mode has changed.

[0023] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention sets a characteristic current communication module, a voltage detection module, a current detection module and a jack pressure detection module in the socket. The voltage detection module and the current detection module detect the current and current to determine whether the connection between the socket and the power supply line is interrupted. The pressure detection module detects whether the plug of the electrical equipment is pulled out of the socket, and the characteristic current communication module communicates with the electric meter through the characteristic current signal, so that the electric meter can know the operating status of the electrical equipment and whether malicious sabotage occurs during the monitoring process, so as to accurately grasp the operating information of the electrical equipment. Moreover, the socket and the electric meter communicate through the characteristic current signal. Compared with the communication using the power line broadband carrier communication technology, the characteristic current signal will not interfere with the power line broadband carrier communication signal of the existing electric meter, and will not interfere with the data reading process of the electric meter. Compared with the wireless communication technology, since the wireless signal may need to penetrate multiple cement walls, the required transmission power is very large, and the characteristic current signal is transmitted through the power line, and no high-power devices are required. The technology is mature and the hardware cost is low. The present invention replaces the traditional highly complex data analysis solution with a simple communication solution, and can realize relevant functions on the basis of the existing low-voltage power grid facilities and systems. It has strong monitoring capabilities and strong resistance to malicious sabotage. It expands the application functions of the original existing electricity consumption information collection system and has low overall cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a power load monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 4 is a block diagram of a socket according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the convenience of explanation, the drawings representing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general proportion, and the schematic diagram is only an example, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings are simplified in form and use non-precise proportions, which are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated; the terms "positive", "negative", "bottom", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can also be the internal connection of two elements, it can be a wireless connection, or it can be a wired connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] With the full development of smart grid construction and the continuous advancement of ICT technology, the construction of the domestic electricity consumption information collection system with smart meters as the core has been continuously promoted, and has basically achieved coverage of most of the country's electricity consumption areas, and achieved full digitization and automation of the data reading process of more than 700 million smart meters in the country. If the application of the equipment and facilities of the existing electricity consumption information collection system can be expanded in electricity load monitoring, it will effectively reduce costs and improve resource utilization.

[0031] At present, the substation topology identification technology based on characteristic current has been widely used in distribution networks, such as the characteristic current coding identification method, device and network topology identification method disclosed in Chinese Invention Patent No. 202310029898.4, and the low-voltage distribution substation topology dynamic identification method and system based on characteristic current disclosed in Chinese Invention Patent Application No. 202111526349.5. The core idea of ​​this type of technology is to send the characteristic code information to the power line for transmission through the sending device, and then the identification device extracts the characteristic code information and parses it to obtain the corresponding characteristic current signal, thereby completing the identification of the substation topology relationship. The electric meter is the core equipment in the low-voltage distribution network, and has many functions such as user electricity metering, grid operation parameter monitoring and communication. The substation topology identification technology based on characteristic current communication technology is also implemented around the electric meter. Therefore, many smart meters currently have the ability to send and receive characteristic current signals.

[0032] Based on the above analysis, the present invention improves the smart socket on the basis of the existing low-voltage distribution network power consumption information collection system, and provides a power load monitoring system and monitoring method based on characteristic current.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the power load monitoring system of this embodiment includes: a management main station 1, an electric meter 2 arranged at the user end, a socket 3 arranged at the user end, and a monitoring client 4, and both the electric meter 2 and the socket 3 can include several. The electric meter 2 is connected to the management main station 1 through a power line. The monitoring client 4 is connected to the management main station 1 through a wireless network or a wired network. The electric meter 2 can collect power consumption information at the user end. In this embodiment, the power load of the electric device plugged into the socket 3 is monitored in real time through the socket 3. When the socket 3 is plugged in, the operating status of each electric device plugged into the socket 3 can be sent to the management main station 1 through the power line via the electric meter 2 and the power information collection system, thereby realizing the management main station 1 Monitoring the operating status of the electric device connected to the socket 3.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the socket 3 of this embodiment, in addition to having the basic functions of a conventional electrical socket (i.e. providing access to power supply lines for various electrical devices), is also provided with a characteristic current communication module 3-1, a voltage detection module 3-2, a current detection module 3-3 and a jack pressure detection module 3-4.

[0035] The characteristic current communication module 3-1 is used to send and receive characteristic current signals on the line. The characteristic current signals include: meter paging signal, paging response signal, link establishment application signal, link establishment application response signal, heartbeat signal, jack monitoring task start signal, jack monitoring task start notification response signal, jack status change notification signal, jack status change notification response signal, jack monitoring task end notification signal, jack monitoring task end notification response signal, power outage inquiry signal, power outage response signal, etc.

[0036] The voltage detection module 3-2 is used to detect the line voltage value of the socket 3. By detecting whether the line voltage value of the socket 3 is zero, it is determined whether the power supply line connected to the socket 3 has a power outage or whether the electrical connection between the two is interrupted. Generally speaking, when the line voltage value of the socket 3 is zero, it means that the physical connection between the socket 3 and the power supply line is interrupted, such as the main switch of the socket is turned off, the socket is powered off, or the plug of the socket is pulled out of the power supply line; or it means that the power supply line has a power outage. When the line voltage value of the socket 3 is non-zero, it means that the socket 3 is physically connected to the power supply line with normal power supply.

[0037] The current detection module 3-3 is used to detect the current value of each socket on the socket 3, and each socket on the socket 3 can be connected to an electrical device. By detecting whether the current value of a socket is zero, it is determined whether the electrical device connected to the socket is in operation. Generally speaking, the current value of the socket is zero, including the following situations: the sub-switch of the socket is turned off or the main switch of the socket 3 is turned off, the power supply line is out of power, the socket is not plugged into the electrical device, or the electrical device connected to the socket is not powered on. When the current value of the socket is non-zero, it means that the electrical device plugged into the socket is powered on and running.

[0038] The jack pressure detection module 3-4 is used to detect the pressure value of the jack. By detecting the jack pressure, it is determined whether a plug is inserted or pulled out.

[0039] In some embodiments, the socket 3 can be designed with a physical switch (main switch) to realize the control of the physical connection relationship between the socket 3 and the power supply line. When the socket 3 is provided with a physical switch, the characteristic current communication module 3-1, the voltage detection module 3-2, the current detection module 3-3, and the jack pressure detection module 3-4 are all connected to the front end of the physical switch, so that when the socket 3 is opened or closed by the physical switch, it will not affect the working status of the above modules.

[0040] Preferably, the socket 3 of this embodiment also includes a battery, which is used as a temporary power supply module (not shown) to temporarily supply power to the characteristic current communication module 3-1, the voltage detection module 3-2, the current detection module 3-3, and the jack pressure detection module 3-4, so that in the event of a power outage, the above modules can continue to work normally for a certain period of time, generally to ensure that the above modules can continue to work for 24 hours. When the battery is exhausted, the various parameters of the socket 3 are restored to the initial state values.

[0041] In specific applications, the socket will be attached with a unique product serial number, and the monitoring behavior implementer can bind the socket by scanning the QR code on the socket or on the product manual. For example, if the corresponding app is installed on the monitoring client 4, after scanning the QR code of the socket through the app, the product serial number corresponding to the socket is added to the app. In order to ensure the security of the user's electricity information, each product serial number can only be bound to one real-name user. After the management main station finds that the socket is bound, it can send information related to the bound socket to the monitoring behavior implementer (monitoring client 4), so that the monitoring behavior implementer can obtain the operating information of the electrical equipment connected to the socket in real time through the app. The product serial number has a one-time key serial number corresponding to it. The one-time key serial number is unique and bound to the product serial number. It is only allowed to be used once. It will be invalidated after the monitoring behavior implementer uses it once. The purpose of the one-time key serial number is to ensure that the first user who uses the one-time key serial number is the only recipient of the reported information of the smart socket corresponding to the key.

[0042] The electrical equipment monitored by the power load monitoring system is often a key electrical equipment that runs for a long time at a fixed location. In the absence of malicious human behavior, the connection between the socket and the power line, and the connection between the electrical equipment and the socket are stable and unchanged, and the plug will not be pulled out and reinserted. The purpose of setting the battery in this embodiment is to be able to monitor the electrical equipment in the event of a temporary power outage or a malicious power outage.

[0043] In practical applications, under non-extreme circumstances (i.e., excluding extreme circumstances such as typhoons and earthquakes), temporary planned local area power outages for maintenance during the normal operation of the power grid or unexpected power grid failures usually do not cause long power outages of more than 24 hours. For the electrical equipment to be monitored, it can be assumed that the connection between the socket where the electrical equipment is plugged in and the power supply line is normal, so that each module of the socket can work normally, so that it can accurately determine whether the plug is pulled out and inserted, and notify the meter when the above situation occurs. Even if the connection between the socket and the power supply line is maliciously damaged by human beings, the battery can ensure that the above behavior is detected and the meter is notified. If the connection between the socket and the power supply line is restored after the battery power supply time has exceeded, since the parameters of the socket will be restored to the initial state value, when the meter receives the signal sent by the socket again, it can also combine its own power supply situation to determine that the connection between the socket and the power supply line has been damaged by human beings.

[0044] The power load monitoring system of this embodiment can be applied to the following two monitoring scenarios. One is that the power load user actively implements monitoring. For example, a residential user wants to know the operating conditions of the electrical equipment at home, such as the operating conditions of the air conditioner, etc. In this case, the user has no motivation to maliciously damage the monitoring. Therefore, the electrical equipment and the socket will generally not change after being connected, so the user can monitor the power load of the electrical equipment at any time.

[0045] Another monitoring scenario is that the user of the power load passively cooperates with the monitoring. For example, the environmental protection department monitors the operation of the company's environmental protection treatment equipment. In this case, the user of the power load (the company) may have the motivation to disrupt the monitoring and take actions to disrupt the monitoring process, such as destroying the connection between the power equipment and the socket, destroying the connection between the socket and the power supply line, replacing the monitored object to mislead the implementer of the monitoring behavior (the superior management department), etc. After setting up the battery, the operating status of the power equipment can be monitored in the event of a power outage.

[0046] For the party implementing the monitoring behavior, the information it hopes to obtain includes: the power-on operation time of the monitored electrical equipment, whether the monitored electrical equipment has ever been intentionally powered off, such as whether the monitored electrical equipment has been unplugged from the socket and reinserted.

[0047] Based on the above requirements, the power load monitoring method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0048] Connect the socket to the power supply line, and the characteristic current communication module sends an electric meter paging signal to the line where the socket is located. The electric meter paging signal carries the product serial number information of the socket itself, and is used to seek responses from all electric meters on the line that can receive the signal;

[0049] After receiving the meter paging signal, the meter on the line responds and sends a paging response signal. The socket selects the meter with the strongest response signal strength from all the responding meters as its communication partner meter, and sends a link establishment application signal to the communication partner meter. The communication partner meter receives the link establishment application signal and replies with the link establishment application response signal. A two-way communication link is established between the communication partner meter and the socket. There are multiple meters on the power supply line, and there may be multiple meters that can receive the meter paging signal sent by the socket. However, the distance between the meter on the line where the metering socket is located and the socket is the shortest, and the response signal strength is the strongest. Therefore, the meter on the line where the socket is located can be used as the communication partner meter by default.

[0050] After the two-way communication link is established, the communication object meter reports the product serial number information of the socket to the management master station through the power consumption information collection system. After receiving the information sent by the communication object meter, the management master station sends information to the monitoring client to inform that the socket is online.

[0051] After the socket is online, when the monitored electrical device is plugged into the socket of the socket, the monitoring client sends a monitoring request to the management main station; the monitoring request includes the socket number of the electrical device and the monitoring information related to the socket, including: whether the socket has plug-in and unplug behavior and the time when the plug-in and unplug behavior occurs, and the working time period information of the electrical device on the socket, including the power-on start time and the power-off stop time; the socket may include multiple sockets, and the monitoring client can input the socket number of the electrical device through the app and send it to the management main station;

[0052] After the management master station receives the monitoring request, it sends the monitoring request to the communication object meter that has established a two-way communication link with the socket through the power consumption information collection system, and the communication object meter forwards the monitoring request to the socket through the characteristic current communication module;

[0053] After receiving the monitoring request, the socket reports the current status information of the socket connected to the electrical device to the electric meter. The current status information includes the current pressure status (with or without a plug inserted) and the current status (with or without a working non-zero current). In the subsequent monitoring process, if the status of the socket changes, the socket immediately sends a status change notification signal to the electric meter to report the status change information;

[0054] After receiving the information reported by the socket, the meter sends it to the management master station, which further forwards it to the monitoring client.

[0055] Furthermore, after receiving the monitoring request, the socket will continue to monitor the physical connection between itself and the power supply line, such as detecting the line voltage value through the voltage detection module. If the line voltage value is non-zero, it means that the physical connection between the socket and the power supply line is normal. If it is zero, it means that the power supply line is out of power or the physical connection between the socket and the power supply line is interrupted.

[0056] Furthermore, if the line voltage value of the socket changes from non-zero to zero, the socket sends a power failure inquiry signal to the electric meter with the energy support provided by the battery;

[0057] If the power supply line is out of power, the communication link between the meter and the socket is not interrupted, the meter (the meter itself carries a power outage detection mechanism, which can determine whether the line is out of power) can receive the power outage inquiry signal and reply with a power outage response signal to confirm the power outage. After the socket receives the power outage confirmation response, in order to save energy during the power outage stage, it will only send a socket state change notification signal to the meter when the pressure state of the socket to be monitored changes. In other cases, no signal will be sent until the power supply line is restored;

[0058] If the physical connection between the socket and the power supply line is interrupted, the communication link between the meter and the socket is also interrupted. After the socket fails to receive a reply from the meter after multiple inquiries, it enters the power saving mode, turns off the communication function, and retains the monitoring of the pressure state of the socket to be monitored. If the socket pressure state changes during the power saving mode, the relevant information is recorded and maintained, and after the meter and the power supply line are physically connected again, a socket state change notification signal is sent to the meter to notify the meter that the socket to be monitored has changed its pressure state during the power saving mode. If the duration of the power saving mode exceeds the battery power supply time, all relevant parameters of the socket are initialized, and all functions are turned off. It will start to operate again after the physical connection with the power supply line is reestablished.

[0059] Since the socket itself does not have the ability to maintain world time, the signal it sends does not carry the time of the event. However, the meter itself has the ability to maintain world time. After receiving the information reported by the socket, the meter can add a timestamp to the data and then report it to the management master station.

[0060] If the party implementing the monitoring behavior no longer needs to continue monitoring the electrical equipment, the original task can be canceled through the APP. After receiving the task cancellation information, the management main station forwards it to the meter, and the meter forwards it to the socket. After receiving it, the socket will no longer monitor the socket and no longer report information related to the socket until it receives a new monitoring task command for the socket.

[0061] In the specific application process, the characteristic current signals sent and received by the characteristic current communication module include: meter paging signal, paging response signal, link establishment application signal, link establishment application response signal, heartbeat signal, jack monitoring task start signal, jack monitoring task start notification response signal, jack status change notification signal, jack status change notification response signal, jack monitoring task end notification signal, jack monitoring task end notification response signal, power outage inquiry signal, power outage response signal. The content definition of the characteristic current signal is specifically shown in Table 1. The communication technology based on characteristic current is a mature technology in this field. The present invention does not involve the implementation method of the characteristic current communication technology. Therefore, only the definition of the link layer content is explained here. For the content definition of different types of signals in other fields, please refer to Tables 2 to 13.

[0062] Table 1

[0063]

[0064] Table 2 Definition of the content of 'other fields' of the electricity meter paging signal

[0065] Fields Field length (bits) illustrate Other fields 8 All zeros, no meaning

[0066] In the meter paging signal, the value of the 'receiving node device number' field defaults to all zeros.

[0067] Table 3 Definition of the contents of 'other fields' of the paging response signal

[0068] Fields Field length (bits) illustrate Other fields 8 Signal sending sequence number of the object signal to which it responds

[0069] Table 4 Definition of the contents of 'other fields' of the link establishment request signal

[0070] Fields Field length (bits) illustrate Other fields 8 All zeros, no meaning

[0071] Table 5 Definition of the contents of 'other fields' of the link establishment application response signal

[0072] Fields Field length (bits) illustrate Other fields 8 Signal sending sequence number of the object signal to which it responds

[0073] Table 6 Definition of the content of 'other fields' of the heartbeat signal

[0074]

[0075] The communication target meter does not need to respond to the heartbeat signal. The value of the field 'Number of signal repetitions' in the heartbeat signal is fixed to 1.

[0076] Table 7 Definition of the content of 'other fields' of the socket monitoring task start notification signal

[0077]

[0078] The purpose of this signal is that the electric meter requires the socket to start the power load monitoring task of the socket with the corresponding number.

[0079] Table 8 Definition of the content of 'other fields' of the socket monitoring task start notification response signal

[0080] Fields Field length (bits) illustrate Other fields 8 The signal transmission sequence number of the object signal to which it responds

[0081] Table 9 Definition of the contents of 'other fields' of the jack status change notification signal

[0082]

[0083] Table 10 Definition of the contents of the 'other fields' of the jack status change notification response signal

[0084] Fields Field length (bits) illustrate Other fields 8 Signal sending sequence number of the object signal to which it responds

[0085] Table 11 Definition of the content of 'other fields' of the socket monitoring task completion notification signal

[0086]

[0087] Table 12 Definition of the content of 'other fields' of the socket monitoring task end notification response signal

[0088] Fields Field length (bits) illustrate Other fields 8 Signal sending sequence number of the object signal to which it responds

[0089] Table 13 Definition of the content of 'other fields' of the power outage inquiry signal

[0090] Fields Field length (bits) illustrate Other fields 8 All zero, undefined

[0091] Table 14 Definition of the content of 'other fields' of the power failure response signal

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] At present, the electric meters in the power grid have their own line power failure detection devices. Therefore, if the number of power-on or power-off times of the socket changes when there is no power failure, it means that someone has damaged the connection between the socket and the power supply line. If the number of insertions and unplugging times of a socket changes, it also means that someone has damaged the connection between the socket and the electrical device plugged into it.

[0095] The present invention improves the socket and adds a corresponding module to the socket to realize the monitoring of the state of the electric device plugged into the socket. The added functions can be realized by low-cost hardware, and the hardware cost is low. In addition, the communication between the socket (electrical device), the electric meter and the management master station is realized through the power line, and the relevant functions can be realized on the existing power grid system. The relevant technologies are very mature, and the technical development difficulty is low. There is no need to add and deploy any new hardware equipment, and there is no additional cost. The utilization rate of the infrastructure of the power grid system is also improved. The monitoring process of the present invention can be carried out entirely on a dedicated system inside the power grid, and the user's electricity information security is relatively high.

[0096] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The power load monitoring system based on characteristic current is characterized by: include: Manage the main site; A monitoring client connected to the management master station through a network; An electric meter arranged at the user end, the electric meter being communicatively connected to the management master station via a power line; A socket electrically connected to the electric meter, the socket comprising: a characteristic current communication module, a voltage detection module, a current detection module and a jack pressure detection module; The characteristic current communication module communicates with the electric meter via a characteristic current signal; The voltage detection module is used to detect the line voltage value of the socket; The current detection module is used to detect the current value of each jack on the socket; The jack pressure detection module is used to detect the pressure value of the jack.

2. The power load monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The socket also includes a battery for temporarily powering the characteristic current communication module, the voltage detection module, the current detection module, and the jack pressure detection module.

3. The power load monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The socket is provided with a main switch for controlling the physical connection relationship between the socket and the power supply line, and the characteristic current communication module, the voltage detection module, the current detection module and the jack pressure detection module are located at the front end of the main switch.

4. The power load monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The characteristic current signal includes: meter paging signal, paging response signal, link establishment application signal, link establishment application response signal, jack monitoring task start signal, jack monitoring task start notification response signal, jack status change notification signal, jack status change notification response signal, jack monitoring task end notification signal, jack monitoring task end notification response signal, power outage inquiry signal, and power outage response signal.

5. The monitoring method of the power load monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The socket is connected to a power supply line, and the characteristic current communication module sends an electric meter paging signal to the line where the socket is located, and the electric meter paging signal carries the product serial number information of the socket itself; The electric meter that receives the paging signal from the electric meter replies with a paging response signal, the socket selects the electric meter with the largest response signal strength from all the responding electric meters as its own communication partner electric meter, and sends a link establishment application signal to the communication partner electric meter, the communication partner electric meter receives the link establishment application signal and replies with a link establishment application response signal, and a two-way communication link is established between the communication partner electric meter and the socket; After the two-way communication link is established, the communication object meter reports the product serial number information of the socket to the management main station. After receiving the information sent by the communication object meter, the management main station sends information to the monitoring client to inform that the socket is online; After the socket is online, when the monitored electrical device is plugged into the socket of the socket, the monitoring client sends a monitoring request to the management main station; After receiving the monitoring request, the management master station forwards it to the communication object meter that has established a two-way communication link with the socket connected to the monitored electrical device, and the communication object meter forwards the monitoring request to the socket; After receiving the monitoring request, the socket reports the current status information of the socket connected to the electrical device to the electric meter, and in the subsequent monitoring process, if the status of the socket changes, the socket sends a status change notification signal to the electric meter to report the status change information; After receiving the information reported by the socket, the electric meter sends it to the management main station, and the management main station forwards it to the monitoring client.

6. The monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The monitoring request includes the number of the socket into which the electrical device is plugged and monitoring information related to the socket. The monitoring information includes: whether the socket has any plugging and unplugging behavior and the time when the plugging and unplugging behavior occurs, and the working time period information of the electrical device on the socket, including the time when power is turned on and the time when power is turned off and the time when the operation stops.

7. The monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that: After receiving the monitoring request, the socket continuously monitors the physical connection between itself and the power supply line. If the line voltage value detected by the voltage detection module is non-zero, it indicates that the physical connection between the socket and the power supply line is normal. If it is zero, it indicates that the power supply line is out of power or the physical connection between the socket and the power supply line is interrupted. If the line voltage value of the socket changes from non-zero to zero, the battery supplies power to the characteristic current communication module, the voltage detection module, the current detection module and the jack pressure detection module, and the socket sends a power failure inquiry signal to the electric meter; If the power supply line is out of power, the electric meter will reply with a power outage response signal to confirm the power outage after receiving the power outage inquiry signal. After receiving the power outage confirmation response, the socket will send a socket state change notification signal to the electric meter only when the pressure state of the socket to be monitored changes. In other cases, no signal will be sent until the power supply line is restored; If the physical connection between the socket and the power supply line is interrupted, the socket enters power saving mode, turns off the communication function, and retains the monitoring of the pressure status of the socket to be monitored. If the socket pressure status changes during the power saving mode, the relevant information is recorded and maintained, and after the electric meter and the power supply line are physically connected again, a socket status change notification signal is sent to the electric meter to notify the electric meter that the pressure status of the socket to be monitored in the power saving mode has changed.

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