Flywheel energy storage device

Abstract

The invention discloses a flywheel energy storage device which comprises a basic assembly which comprises a vacuum shell, a core shaft arranged in the vacuum shell in a suspended mode, a flywheel arranged below the core shaft and a motor / generator arranged above the core shaft and further comprises an inner circulation assembly. The air suction pipe is installed at the top end of the vacuum shell, the air inlet pipe is rotationally arranged at the bottom end of the vacuum shell, the pipe head is installed at a top end opening of the air inlet pipe, the first through hole is horizontally formed in the lower portion of the interior of the pipe head, and the first air guide cavities are vertically formed in the two sides of the interior of the pipe head and communicate with the first through hole correspondingly. One end of the air suction pipe extends to the upper portion of the interior of the mandrel. When a train is braked / started, the inertia effect generated by the train is utilized, so that internal high-pressure cooling air changes a flow path, the trend of relative movement of a flywheel due to inertia is resisted, and the situation that friction is generated due to the fact that an air gap of a magnetic suspension bearing is reduced, and energy loss is caused is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flywheel energy storage, in particular to a flywheel energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] Flywheel energy storage is a physical energy storage technology. It is a set of equipment that can realize the efficient conversion between "electrical energy and kinetic energy". The flywheel energy storage device is installed in the rail transit traction substation. It adopts magnetic levitation technology. The flywheel rotor runs in a vacuum chamber without wind resistance. When the train brakes when entering the station, the flywheel absorbs its energy and converts electrical energy into kinetic energy; when the train accelerates when leaving the station, the flywheel releases energy, converts kinetic energy into electrical energy, and releases energy for the train to use. It has good energy-saving and voltage-stabilizing effects. Usually, in order to ensure the rotational inertia of the flywheel, its mass is also large.

[0003] Urban rail trains need to frequently enter and exit stations due to passenger carrying needs. When the train brakes / starts, a certain acceleration will be generated. In the shell-flywheel reference system, the flywheel with a large mass will produce a strong forward / backward motion tendency relative to the shell due to inertia. Since the air gap of the magnetic bearing, especially the radial magnetic bearing, is narrow, usually around 3mm, the flywheel will generate mechanical friction between the stator / rotor of the magnetic bearing under this influence, thereby reducing the efficiency of converting the mechanical energy of the device into electrical energy. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a flywheel energy storage device to solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A flywheel energy storage device, comprising a basic assembly, which comprises a vacuum shell, a core shaft suspended inside the vacuum shell, a flywheel arranged below the core shaft, and an electric motor / generator arranged above the core shaft, and also comprises an internal circulation assembly, which comprises an air intake pipe installed at the top of the vacuum shell, an air intake pipe rotatably arranged at the bottom of the vacuum shell, a pipe head installed at the top port of the air intake pipe, a through hole one horizontally opened at the bottom of the pipe head, and an air guide cavity one vertically opened at both sides of the pipe head and respectively connected with the through hole one; One end of the suction pipe extends to the upper part of the core shaft, and the other end is connected to the vacuum equipment; one end of the air inlet pipe extends to the lower part of the core shaft, and the other end is connected to a rotary joint; one end of the rotary joint is connected to the air pump equipment; and there is an annular gap between the pipe head and the air inlet pipe; It also includes a resistance assembly, which includes an action tube arranged at one side below the air inlet pipe, a weight slider slidably matched inside the action tube, an outer sleeve sleeved outside the pipe head, a tension spring connected between the pipe head and the outer sleeve, side windows opened on both sides of the outer sleeve and aligned with the through hole one, an extension pipe installed at the top of the pipe head, a through hole two opened horizontally above the inside of the pipe head and forming an angle of 90° with the through hole one, an air guide cavity two opened inside the extension pipe and connected to the through hole two, and nozzles opened above and below the side of the extension pipe; Among them, an inspection window is provided on the side of the action tube, the outer sleeve and the counterweight slider are connected by a cable, a baffle is installed on one side of the inside of the action tube, and a hole for the cable to pass through is provided in the center of the baffle, the nozzle and the counterweight slider are arranged on two opposite sides of the air intake pipe, and the injection direction of the nozzle and the sliding direction of the counterweight slider are in the same plane.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the rotor of the motor / generator is mounted on the upper part of the outer part of the core shaft, and the stator thereof is embedded on the upper part of the inner part of the vacuum shell.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the basic assembly further comprises an upper radial magnetic bearing arranged at the top of the core shaft, a lower radial magnetic bearing arranged at the middle of the flywheel, an upper axial magnetic bearing arranged at the top of the flywheel, and a lower axial magnetic bearing arranged at the bottom of the flywheel; Among them, the rotor of the upper radial magnetic bearing is mounted on the outer top of the core shaft, and its stator is embedded in the inner top of the vacuum shell; the rotor of the lower radial magnetic bearing is mounted on the outside of the flywheel, and its stator is embedded in the lower part of the inside of the vacuum shell; the rotor thrust ring of the upper axial magnetic bearing is embedded in the top of the flywheel, and its stator is embedded in the middle of the inside of the vacuum shell; the rotor thrust ring of the lower axial magnetic bearing is embedded in the bottom of the flywheel, and its stator is embedded in the inner bottom end of the vacuum shell.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the basic component further comprises a water cooling channel spirally opened in the shell wall of the vacuum shell, and the inlet and outlet of the water cooling channel are connected to a water cooling device.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the basic component further comprises a vacuum air pipe installed on the side of the vacuum shell and communicating with the interior thereof, and the vacuum air pipe is connected to the vacuum equipment.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the internal circulation component also includes a baffle ring 1 which is sleeved on the lower part of the outside of the intake pipe, and a baffle ring 2 which is embedded in the top end of the core shaft and located below the baffle ring 1.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the internal circulation component also includes a baffle ring three which is sleeved on the outside of the air inlet pipe, and a baffle ring four which is embedded in the bottom port of the core shaft and located above the baffle ring three.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the resistance assembly also includes rollers arranged above and below the counterweight sliding block.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the resistance assembly also includes an anti-collision pad provided at one end of the counterweight slider.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the resistance assembly also includes a guide wheel arranged at the junction of the air intake pipe and the action pipe.

[0015] When the train system of the present invention moves at a constant speed, the outer sleeve is reset under the action of the tension spring, so that the high-pressure cooling gas flows from behind the side window, through the through hole 1 and the air guide cavity 1 in sequence, and is discharged through the suction pipe after heat exchange inside the core shaft, thereby realizing internal air cooling circulation. Combined with the vacuum operation of the vacuum shell, the heat dissipation demand inside the device is ensured while minimizing the energy loss caused by the friction between the flywheel and the air.

[0016] The present invention utilizes the acceleration effect when the train brakes / starts, and under the action of inertia, the outer end of the action tube swings to a position pointing in the direction opposite to the acceleration direction, thereby driving the nozzle to rotate. At the same time, under the action of inertia at this moment, the counterweight slider slides toward the outer end of the action tube, and drives the outer sleeve to slide down through the cable, so that the high-pressure cooling air changes the flow path and is ejected from the nozzle. The action force and reaction force effect are utilized to resist the tendency of the core shaft to move relative to each other due to inertia, so that the core shaft remains in a state of non-contact suspension inside the vacuum shell, avoiding the reduction of the air gap and the generation of friction.

[0017] The present invention concentrates the lower radial magnetic suspension bearing and the axial thrust magnetic suspension bearing on the flywheel, thereby reducing the axial height of the device and making better use of the mechanism of extending into the flywheel for air cooling and heat dissipation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vacuum housing of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal circulation component and the resistance component of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Internal schematic diagram of the structure in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure decomposition of the resistance component of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 The enlarged schematic diagram of the center C; Fig. 9 for Figure 7 Another perspective diagram of the structure; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tube head and the extension tube of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1. Basic components; 101. Vacuum shell; 102. Mandrel; 103. Flywheel; 104. Electric / generator; 105. Upper radial magnetic bearing; 106. Lower radial magnetic bearing; 107. Upper axial magnetic bearing; 108. Lower axial magnetic bearing; 109. Water cooling channel; 110. Vacuum air pipe; 2. Internal circulation components; 201. Intake pipe; 202. Blocking ring 1; 203. Blocking ring 2; 204. Intake pipe; 205. Rotary Adapter; 206, retaining ring three; 207, retaining ring four; 208, pipe head; 209, through hole one; 210, air guide cavity one; 3, resistance component; 301, action tube; 302, inspection window; 303, counterweight slider; 304, roller; 305, anti-collision pad; 306, retaining plate; 307, guide wheel; 308, outer sleeve; 309, tension spring; 310, side window; 311, extension tube; 312, through hole two; 313, nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flywheel energy storage device, referring to Figure 2 , including a basic component 1, which includes a vacuum shell 101, a core shaft 102 suspended inside the vacuum shell 101, a flywheel 103 arranged below the core shaft 102, and an electric motor / generator 104 arranged above the core shaft 102, wherein the rotor of the electric motor / generator 104 is mounted on the outside of the core shaft 102, and the stator thereof is embedded in the inside of the vacuum shell 101.

[0022] The basic component 1 also includes an upper radial magnetic bearing 105 arranged at the top of the core shaft 102, a lower radial magnetic bearing 106 arranged in the middle of the flywheel 103, an upper axial magnetic bearing 107 arranged at the top of the flywheel 103, and a lower axial magnetic bearing 108 arranged at the bottom of the flywheel 103.

[0023] Among them, the rotor of the upper radial magnetic bearing 105 is mounted on the outer top of the core shaft 102, and its stator is embedded in the inner top of the vacuum shell 101; the rotor of the lower radial magnetic bearing 106 is mounted on the outside of the flywheel 103, and its stator is embedded in the lower part of the inside of the vacuum shell 101; the rotor thrust ring of the upper axial magnetic bearing 107 is embedded in the top of the flywheel 103, and its stator is embedded in the middle of the inside of the vacuum shell 101; the rotor thrust ring of the lower axial magnetic bearing 108 is embedded in the bottom of the flywheel 103, and its stator is embedded in the inner bottom end of the vacuum shell 101.

[0024] In this embodiment, during energy storage, electric energy is converted by the power converter, i.e., the electric / generator 104, and then drives the flywheel 103 to accelerate rotation. The flywheel 103 stores energy in the form of kinetic energy, completing the energy storage process of converting electric energy into mechanical energy. The energy is stored in the high-speed rotating flywheel 103. After that, the electric / generator 104 maintains a constant speed until a control signal for energy release is received. During energy release, the high-speed rotating flywheel 103 drags the electric / generator 104 to generate electricity, and the electric converter outputs current and voltage suitable for the load, completing the energy release process of converting mechanical energy into electric energy. In this embodiment, in order to reduce the energy loss of the device, magnetic suspension technology is used to suspend the core shaft 102 inside the vacuum shell 101 to eliminate mechanical friction, thereby ensuring the rotation efficiency of the flywheel 103. The upper radial magnetic bearing 105, the lower radial magnetic bearing 106, the upper axial magnetic bearing 107 and the lower axial magnetic bearing 108 used in this embodiment, their technical principles belong to the well-known technology in the field, and will not be repeated here.

[0025] The basic component 1 further includes a water cooling channel 109 spirally opened in the shell wall of the vacuum shell 101, and the inlet and outlet of the water cooling channel 109 are connected to a water cooling device for external circulation cooling of the device.

[0026] The basic assembly 1 further includes a vacuum air pipe 110 installed on the side of the vacuum housing 101 and communicating with the interior thereof, and the vacuum air pipe 110 is connected to a vacuum device and is used for evacuating the interior of the vacuum housing 101. The vacuum environment can reduce air friction when the flywheel 103 rotates, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency.

[0027] In this embodiment, reference Figure 3-8 , and also includes an internal circulation component 2, which includes an air intake pipe 201 installed on the top of the vacuum shell 101, an air intake pipe 204 rotatably arranged at the bottom of the vacuum shell 101, a pipe head 208 installed at the top end of the air intake pipe 204, a through hole 209 horizontally opened at the bottom of the pipe head 208, and an air guide cavity 210 vertically opened on both sides of the pipe head 208 and respectively connected with the through hole 209.

[0028] Among them, one end of the suction pipe 201 extends to the upper part of the core shaft 102, and the other end is connected to the vacuum equipment. One end of the intake pipe 204 extends to the lower part of the core shaft 102, and the other end is connected to the rotary joint 205. One end of the rotary joint 205 is connected to the air pump equipment. There is an annular gap between the pipe head 208 and the intake pipe 204.

[0029] The inner circulation assembly 2 further includes a baffle ring 1 202 sleeved on the lower part of the outer part of the air intake pipe 201, and a baffle ring 203 embedded in the top end of the core shaft 102 and located below the baffle ring 1 202. The inner circulation assembly 2 further includes a baffle ring 3 206 sleeved on the upper part of the outer part of the air intake pipe 204, and a baffle ring 4 207 embedded in the bottom end of the core shaft 102 and located above the baffle ring 3 206.

[0030] A magnetically suspended flywheel energy storage device usually faces the problem of poor heat dissipation due to the lack of air as a heat-conducting medium. In this embodiment, high-pressure cold air is injected into the air intake pipe 204 through an air pump device, and then flows through the side window 310, through the through hole 209 and the air guide cavity 210 in sequence, and after heat exchange inside the core shaft 102, it is quickly discharged through the air intake pipe 201, thereby realizing an internal air-cooling cycle.

[0031] In this embodiment, reference Figure 9-10 , also includes a resistance component 3, which includes an action tube 301 arranged on one side below the air inlet pipe 204, a counterweight slider 303 slidably fitted inside the action tube 301, an outer sleeve 308 sleeved on the outside of the tube head 208, a tension spring 309 connected between the tube head 208 and the outer sleeve 308, side windows 310 opened on both sides of the outer sleeve 308 and aligned with the through hole 1 209, an extension tube 311 installed on the top of the tube head 208, a through hole 2 312 horizontally opened above the inside of the tube head 208 and forming an angle of 90° with the through hole 1 209, an air guide cavity 2 opened in the extension tube 311 and connected to the through hole 2 312, and a nozzle 313 opened on the upper and lower sides of the extension tube 311.

[0032] Among them, an inspection window 302 is provided on the side of the action tube 301, the outer sleeve 308 is connected to the counterweight slider 303 by a cable, a baffle 306 is installed on one side of the inside of the action tube 301, and a hole for the cable to pass through is provided in the center of the baffle 306. When the high-pressure gas flows through the action tube 301, it is inevitable that part of it will leak into the inside. In order to balance the gas pressure, ensure the normal movement of the counterweight slider 303, and also to facilitate structural maintenance, the inspection window 302 is designed.

[0033] The nozzle 313 and the counterweight slider 303 are arranged on two opposite sides of the air inlet pipe 204, and the spray direction of the nozzle 313 is in the same plane as the sliding direction of the counterweight slider 303. By changing the cold air path of the internal air cooling cycle, the high-pressure gas impacts the core shaft 102 to resist the mechanical friction caused by its inertia, thereby improving the efficiency of energy conversion of the device.

[0034] The resistance assembly 3 also includes rollers 304 disposed above and below the counterweight slider 303 to improve the smoothness of the sliding of the counterweight slider 303. The resistance assembly 3 also includes an anti-collision pad 305 disposed at one end of the counterweight slider 303 to improve the service life of the structure. The resistance assembly 3 also includes a guide wheel 307 disposed at the junction of the air intake pipe 204 and the action pipe 301 to ensure the smoothness of the cable movement.

[0035] When the present solution is in operation, a certain acceleration will be generated when the rail train is braked / started. In the reference system of the vacuum shell 101-core shaft 102 and flywheel 103, the core shaft 102 and flywheel 103 will have a tendency to move relative to the vacuum shell 101 due to inertia. Since the air gap of the magnetic bearings, especially the upper radial magnetic bearing 105 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 106, is narrow, usually about 3 mm, the core shaft 102 and the flywheel 103 have a probability of causing friction between the stator / rotor of the upper radial magnetic bearing 105 and the lower radial magnetic bearing 106, thereby reducing the conversion of the mechanical energy of the device into electrical energy. To improve the efficiency, for this reason, with the train's forward direction as the positive direction, during braking, the train system generates a backward acceleration. At this time, under the action of inertia, the air intake pipe 204, the actuating pipe 301, and the counterweight slider 303 system swing with the core axis of the air intake pipe 204 as the origin, so that the outer end of the actuating pipe 301 swings to a position pointing in the positive direction, thereby driving the nozzle 313 to rotate and point to the reverse direction. At the same time, still under the action of inertia at this moment, the counterweight slider 303 slides toward the outer end of the actuating pipe 301, and drives the outer sleeve 308 to slide down through the cable, so that the upper half of the outer sleeve 308 is removed from the shielding passage. The state of the second hole 312 is changed to the state of shielding the first through hole 209, so that the high-pressure cooling air blown into the air intake pipe 204 changes the flow path and is ejected from the nozzle 313. After impacting the core shaft 102, the action force and reaction force are used to resist the tendency of the core shaft 102 to move relative to each other due to inertia, so that the core shaft 102 remains in a state of non-contact suspension inside the vacuum shell 101, avoiding the reduction of the air gap and the generation of friction. Similarly, when the train starts, the train system generates an acceleration in the forward direction. At this time, the air intake pipe 204, the action pipe 301, and the counterweight slider 30 3 system, swings with the core shaft of the air intake pipe 204 as the origin, so that the outer end of the action pipe 301 swings to a position pointing in the reverse direction, and drives the nozzle 313 to rotate and point in the forward direction. After the gas flow path is changed, the action force and reaction force effect are used to resist the tendency of the core shaft 102 to move relative to each other due to inertia. When the train system moves at a uniform speed, the outer sleeve 308 is reset under the action of the tension spring 309, so that the gas flows from the side window 310, through the through hole 1 209 and the air guide cavity 1 210 in sequence, and is discharged through the air intake pipe 201 after heat exchange inside the core shaft 102, thereby realizing an internal air cooling cycle.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flywheel energy storage device, comprising a base component (1), an internal circulation component (2) and a resistance component (3), characterized in that: The basic component (1) comprises a vacuum housing (101), a core shaft (102) suspended inside the vacuum housing (101), a flywheel (103) arranged below the core shaft (102), and a motor / generator (104) arranged above the core shaft (102); The internal circulation component (2) comprises an air intake pipe (201) installed at the top end of the vacuum shell (101), an air intake pipe (204) rotatably arranged at the bottom end of the vacuum shell (101), a pipe head (208) installed at the top end of the air intake pipe (204), a through hole (209) horizontally opened at the bottom of the pipe head (208), and an air guide cavity (210) vertically opened at both sides of the inside of the pipe head (208) and respectively connected to the through hole (209); One end of the air suction pipe (201) is connected to a vacuum device, one end of the air intake pipe (204) is connected to a rotary joint (205), and one end of the rotary joint (205) is connected to an air pump device.

2. A flywheel energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistance assembly (3) comprises an action tube (301) arranged on one side below the air inlet pipe (204), a counterweight slider (303) slidably fitted inside the action tube (301), an outer sleeve (308) sleeved outside the tube head (208), a tension spring (309) connected between the tube head (208) and the outer sleeve (308), side windows (310) opened on both sides of the outer sleeve (308) and aligned with the first through hole (209), an extension tube (311) installed on the top of the tube head (208), a second through hole (312) opened horizontally above the inside of the tube head (208) and forming an angle of 90° with the first through hole (209), a second air guide cavity opened inside the extension tube (311) and connected to the second through hole (312), and a nozzle (313) opened on the upper and lower sides of the side of the extension tube (311); The side of the action tube (301) is provided with an inspection window (302), the outer sleeve (308) and the counterweight slider (303) are connected via a cable, a baffle (306) is installed on one side of the interior of the action tube (301), and a hole for the cable to pass through is provided at the center of the baffle (306), the nozzle (313) and the counterweight slider (303) are arranged on two opposite sides of the air inlet pipe (204), and the spray direction of the nozzle (313) and the sliding direction of the counterweight slider (303) are in the same plane.

3. A flywheel energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotor of the motor / generator (104) is sleeved on the outer top of the core shaft (102), and the stator is embedded on the inner top of the vacuum shell (101).

4. A flywheel energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The basic component (1) further comprises an upper radial magnetic bearing (105) arranged at the top of the core shaft (102), a lower radial magnetic bearing (106) arranged at the middle of the flywheel (103), an upper axial magnetic bearing (107) arranged at the top of the flywheel (103), and a lower axial magnetic bearing (108) arranged at the bottom of the flywheel (103); The rotor of the upper radial magnetic bearing (105) is mounted on the outer top of the core shaft (102), and its stator is embedded in the inner top of the vacuum shell (101); the rotor of the lower radial magnetic bearing (106) is mounted on the outside of the flywheel (103), and its stator is embedded in the lower part of the vacuum shell (101); the rotor thrust ring of the upper axial magnetic bearing (107) is embedded in the top of the flywheel (103), and its stator is embedded in the middle of the vacuum shell (101); the rotor thrust ring of the lower axial magnetic bearing (108) is embedded in the bottom of the flywheel (103), and its stator is embedded in the bottom end of the vacuum shell (101).

5. A flywheel energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The basic component (1) further comprises a water cooling channel (109) spirally opened in the shell wall of the vacuum shell (101), and the inlet and outlet of the water cooling channel (109) are connected to a water cooling device.

6. A flywheel energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The basic component (1) further comprises a vacuum air pipe (110) installed on the side of the vacuum housing (101) and communicating with the interior thereof, wherein the vacuum air pipe (110) is connected to a vacuum device.

7. A flywheel energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The internal circulation component (2) further comprises a first baffle ring (202) sleeved on the outside of the air intake pipe (201) and a second baffle ring (203) embedded in the top end of the core shaft (102) and located below the first baffle ring (202).

8. A flywheel energy storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The internal circulation component (2) further comprises a third baffle ring (206) sleeved on the outside of the air inlet pipe (204), and a fourth baffle ring (207) embedded in the bottom port of the core shaft (102) and located above the third baffle ring (206).

9. A flywheel energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The resistance component (3) further comprises rollers (304) arranged above and below the counterweight slider (303).

10. A flywheel energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The resistance assembly (3) further comprises an anti-collision pad (305) provided at one end of the counterweight slider (303); The resistance component (3) also includes a guide wheel (307) arranged at the junction of the air inlet pipe (204) and the action pipe (301).

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