Water-saving, yield-increasing and carbon-capturing system for rice field based on bubble plume

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-saving, yield-increasing and carbon-capturing system for a rice field based on bubble plume, which comprises a point source bubble plume carbon-collecting and oxygen-increasing mechanism for driving floating carbon substances on the surface of the rice field and increasing the oxygen content of the rice field; the bubble plume barrier intercepting and collecting mechanism is used for intercepting and recycling carbon substances in the drainage ditch; and the intelligent control module is used for controlling the operation of the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism and the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism through radio. By controlling operation of the point source bubble plume carbon collecting and oxygen increasing mechanism and the bubble plume barrier intercepting and collecting mechanism, the oxygen content of rice field water can be increased, the rice field water utilization rate is increased, the water environment is improved, and water saving and yield increasing of rice are achieved; floating carbon substances such as algae and the like are automatically driven, enriched and intercepted, bottom mud interception is completed through the retention wall, all-directional carbon capture of the drainage channel is achieved, agricultural non-point source pollution is reduced, intelligent water and carbon management of the rice field is achieved, pollution and carbon reduction is facilitated, and benefits are remarkably improved while the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural water conservancy engineering, and in particular to a rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume. Background Art

[0002] Rice is one of the three major grains in my country, with a large planting area and wide distribution.

[0003] Rice cultivation consumes a huge amount of water, accounting for more than 65% of my country's agricultural irrigation water. The excessive proliferation of duckweed and algae in rice fields will significantly increase the consumption of dissolved oxygen in the water, causing a sharp drop in the oxygen content in the rice field ecosystem, and eventually causing the rice roots to suffer from hypoxia stress, seriously affecting their normal growth and development. In order to ensure the normal growth of rice, the frequency of irrigation and drainage of rice fields must be increased, which leads to low efficiency in water resource utilization and further increases the pressure on agricultural water use.

[0004] Although floating carbon substances such as duckweed and algae in rice fields can reduce the water temperature and pH value of rice fields to a certain extent, improve nitrogen utilization, increase nitrogen sinks in rice fields and rice yields, excessive use of fertilizers and imperfect management systems in rice fields lead to excessive reproduction of duckweed and algae, which seriously affect the ecological environment of rice fields and the normal growth of rice, resulting in a significant decrease in rice yield and quality. In addition, duckweed and algae are organic carbon that is difficult to be used in rice fields, and their dynamic changes will further increase the carbon emissions of rice fields. In order to prevent rice fields from reducing production, floating carbon substances such as algae and duckweed in rice fields must be manually salvaged, which is inefficient; the water bodies rich in algae and other tiny floating objects in rice fields are directly discharged into rivers, which will cause agricultural non-point source pollution such as backwater pollution, making it difficult to meet the requirements of green agriculture, and at the same time leading to the loss of a large amount of carbon substances.

[0005] Based on the above problems, it is necessary to research and develop a rice field "water saving-increasing production-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rice field "water-saving-yield-increasing-carbon capture" system based on bubble plumes in response to the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The system can realize the intelligent management of "water and carbon" in rice fields, improve the water utilization rate of rice fields, achieve water-saving and increased production, reduce pollution and carbon reduction, complete all-round rice field carbon capture, reduce agricultural non-point source pollution, successfully construct a sustainable management model of the farmland-ecological-economic system, and realize an ecological model of green and low-carbon agricultural development.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume, comprising:

[0009] Point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism, used to drive floating carbon substances on the surface of rice fields and increase the oxygen content of rice fields;

[0010] The bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism is used to intercept and recycle carbon materials in drainage ditches;

[0011] An intelligent control module controls the operation of a point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism and a bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism through radio control;

[0012] The point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism comprises an air pump, an air delivery hose and a point source bubble plume generator, wherein the output end of the air pump is connected to the input end of the point source bubble plume generator through the air delivery hose, and the connection end of the air pump is electrically connected to a signal receiver I for receiving a signal from an intelligent control module and controlling the start / stop of the air pump;

[0013] The bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism includes a plume air pump, an air pipeline, a bubble plume barrier generator, a collection pool and a retaining wall, wherein the retaining wall is placed at the end of the drainage main channel, and is used to intercept the carbon substances in the lower layer of the water flow, and the output end of the plume air pump is connected to the collection pool through the air pipeline and the bubble plume barrier generator, and is used to generate a bubble plume barrier and collect the floating carbon substances intercepted by it, and the connection end of the plume air pump is electrically connected to a signal receiver II, and is used to receive the signal of the intelligent control module and control the start / stop of the plume air pump;

[0014] The intelligent control module includes an acquisition unit and intelligent hardware, wherein the acquisition unit is used to collect image data within the action area of ​​the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism and the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism, and the intelligent hardware is used to receive image data from the acquisition unit, and the intelligent hardware has a built-in convolutional neural network for image training and identification and control of the inflation pump start-up algorithm.

[0015] Preferably, the number of the point source bubble plume generators is set to be multiple, and the multiple point source bubble plume generators are evenly distributed in the rice field, and the air pump is placed on the side of the rice field;

[0016] The gas delivery hose is made of plastic material, so that the point source bubble plume generator can move within the length of the gas delivery hose.

[0017] Preferably, the point source bubble plume generator comprises a connection port, a hollow base and a sponge diffusion sleeve, the sponge diffusion sleeve is overlapped on the top of the hollow base by steel wire binding, and the connection port penetrates the side wall of the hollow base;

[0018] The overlap between the hollow base and the sponge diffusion sleeve is located on the surface of the paddy field soil, the connection port and the hollow base are buried in the paddy field soil, and the sponge diffusion sleeve is located at the upper end of the paddy field soil.

[0019] Preferably, the connection port and the hollow base are both configured as hollow cylinders, the sponge diffusion sleeve is in the shape of a hollow hemispherical shell, and the hollow base is made of PVC material.

[0020] Preferably, the gas delivery pipe and the bubble plume barrier generator are both made of PVC material, and the surface of the bubble plume barrier generator is provided with a plurality of holes distributed in a linear array;

[0021] The collecting pool is configured as a cylindrical cavity with an opening at the top, a water passage is provided between the collecting pool and the downstream side of the main drainage channel, and the end of the bubble plume barrier generator extends into the water passage, and the water passage corridor and the bubble plume barrier generator are arranged in the same direction.

[0022] Preferably, the bubble plume barrier generator is obliquely placed at the bottom end of the inner side of the drainage main channel, and the angle between the bubble plume barrier generator and the tangent line of the side of the drainage main channel is α, and α satisfies 30°≤α≤60°.

[0023] Preferably, the collection unit is configured as at least one of a camera and a drone, and is placed at the junction of a drainage canal and a river channel in a rice field. The collection unit cooperates with intelligent hardware to intelligently identify and calculate the coverage area and distribution of floating carbon matter in rice fields and drainage canals.

[0024] Preferably, the plume air pump is placed on the front side of the intersection of the drainage canal and the river, and the retaining wall is located near the intersection of the drainage canal and the river.

[0025] A working method of a rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1. Obtain the actual situation of the drainage canal and the water surface coverage of the rice field, use the acquisition unit to collect image data in the action area of ​​the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism and the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism, and upload the acquired data to the intelligent hardware for storage;

[0027] S2, convolutional neural network training image recognition, determine whether there are floating objects in the drainage canal, and identify and calculate the coverage area of ​​floating carbon materials;

[0028] S3: Clean the floating objects in the drainage channel. According to the judgment result of S2, perform the following operations:

[0029] S3.1. When there are floating objects in the drainage main channel, start the plume air pump and cooperate with the bubble plume barrier generator to form a bubble plume barrier, which drives the surrounding water to rise to the surface of the drainage ditch, forming a certain oblique surface flow to intercept the floating carbon substances in the drainage ditch. The floating carbon substances in the drainage ditch automatically flow into the rear-end collection pool for storage under the combined force of the drainage ditch water flow and the surface flow formed by the bubble plume barrier. After the floating carbon substances completely cover the surface of the collection pool, they are salvaged and recycled. The carbon substances in the middle and bottom layers of the drainage ditch water body are precipitated under the blocking of the retaining wall, and the bottom sludge is recycled and processed during subsequent maintenance;

[0030] S3.2, when the floating objects in the drainage main channel are cleared or there are no floating objects, return to S1-S2 to continue collecting image data and image recognition;

[0031] S4, setting oxygenation conditions and oxygenating the paddy field when the conditions are met, comparing the coverage area of ​​the floating carbon substances identified in S2 with the set value of the oxygenation conditions, including the following operations:

[0032] S4.1. When the intelligent control module identifies that the coverage area of ​​floating carbon substances in the paddy field is ≥ the set value of the oxygenation condition, the air pump is started to transmit air in cooperation with the air delivery hose and the point source bubble plume generator. The air is cut and dispersed in the dense gauze inside the point source bubble plume generator, and a point source bubble plume is formed in the paddy field water body. The point source bubble plume carries the surrounding paddy field water body up to the surface of the paddy field, drives the floating carbon substances on the surface of the paddy field to the edge of the point source bubble plume area, and enriches them. At the same time, the point source bubble plume carries oxygen, increases the oxygen content of the paddy field, and improves the water environment of the paddy field.

[0033] S4.2. After the oxygenation operation in S4.1 is completed or when it is identified that the coverage area of ​​floating carbon matter in the rice field is less than the set value of the oxygenation condition, return to S1-S2 to continue collecting image data and image recognition.

[0034] Preferably, in S4, the oxygenation condition setting value is set to 70%.

[0035] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The coverage of floating carbon substances such as algae in rice fields and drainage ditches is monitored through the intelligent control module. The convolutional neural network is used to train the intelligent identification of floating carbon substances, and the operation of the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism and the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism is controlled. This can increase the oxygen content of the rice field water, improve the water utilization rate of the rice field, improve the water environment, and achieve water-saving and increased rice production; floating carbon substances such as algae are automatically driven away, enriched and intercepted, and the retaining wall completes the bottom sediment interception, so as to achieve all-round carbon capture in the drainage channel, reduce agricultural non-point source pollution, and realize the intelligent management of "water and carbon" in rice fields, which is conducive to pollution reduction and carbon reduction;

[0037] 2. The present invention constructs a management model of farmland-ecology-economy system. Without taking into account other additional economic benefits, the budgeted investment cost of this system for one mu of rice field is about 4,000 yuan, and it is expected to generate economic returns in two seasons. At the same time, it has good adaptability and can be flexibly applied to a variety of field environments. The production cost is reduced while the efficiency is significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A working roadmap for the rice field "water saving - increased production - carbon capture" system provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 The present invention is a flowchart of the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a working flow chart of the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the training and recognition process of the intelligent control module in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a network structure diagram for image training recognition extraction of the intelligent control module in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a point source bubble plume generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution state of a point source bubble plume generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bubble plume barrier generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement state of a point source bubble plume generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Fig.11 This is an experimental effect diagram of the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism for driving away floating carbon substances given in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Fig.12 This is a diagram showing the effect of an oxygenation experiment using a point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Fig.13This is a graph showing the total nitrogen measurement experiment results of a rice field yield increase experiment using a point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Fig.14 This is an experimental effect diagram of intercepting different floating objects at different angles by the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Among them are:

[0053] 01. Drainage canal; 02. Water corridor;

[0054] 1. Point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism; 2. Bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism; 3. Intelligent control module;

[0055] 11. Air pump; 12. Air delivery hose; 13. Point source bubble plume generator;

[0056] 21. plume air pump; 22. air transmission pipe; 23. bubble plume barrier generator; 24. collection tank; 25. retaining wall;

[0057] 131. Connecting port; 132. Hollow base; 133. Sponge diffusion sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. "First", "second" and the like do not indicate the importance of the components, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions used in this embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution, and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume includes a point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1, a bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism 2 and an intelligent control module 3, wherein the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1 is used to drive floating carbon substances on the surface of the rice field and increase the oxygen content of the rice field; the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism 2 is used to intercept and recycle carbon substances in the drainage ditch; the intelligent control module 3 controls the operation of the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1 and the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism 2 through radio;

[0061] The floating carbon materials mentioned in this embodiment include duckweed and algae in rice fields;

[0062] The point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1 comprises an air pump 11, an air delivery hose 12 and a point source bubble plume generator 13. The output end of the air pump 11 is connected to the input end of the point source bubble plume generator 13 through the air delivery hose 12. The connection end of the air pump 11 is electrically connected to a signal receiver I for receiving a signal from the intelligent control module 3 and controlling the start / stop of the air pump 11.

[0063] The bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism 2 includes a plume air pump 21, an air pipe 22, a bubble plume barrier generator 23, a collection pool 24 and a retaining wall 25, wherein the retaining wall 25 is placed at the end of the drainage main channel 01, and is used to intercept the carbon substances in the lower layer of the water flow, and the output end of the plume air pump 21 is connected to the collection pool 24 through the air pipe 22 and the bubble plume barrier generator 23, and is used to generate a bubble plume barrier and collect the floating carbon substances intercepted by it, and the connection end of the plume air pump 21 is electrically connected to a signal receiver II, which is used to receive the signal of the intelligent control module 3 and control the start / stop of the plume air pump 21;

[0064] The intelligent control module 3 includes a collection unit and intelligent hardware, wherein the collection unit is used to collect image data within the action area of ​​the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1 and the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism 2, and the intelligent hardware is used to receive image data from the collection unit, and the intelligent hardware has a built-in convolutional neural network for image training and identification and control of the air pump 11 start algorithm, and the intelligent hardware is set as a processing terminal, and the processing terminal is placed in a metal box in the control room;

[0065] like Figure 5-6 As shown, in this embodiment, the training code language of the convolutional neural network adopts Python, and image recognition is performed in combination with the Opencv module; the Open cv module is imported into the Python environment, and the image information of floating carbon substances such as duckweed and algae in the rice fields and drainage ditches is used as a sample training library, and the grayscale conversion and size adjustment of the sample training library images are completed. After the grayed image of the appropriate size is obtained, the convolutional neural network is trained multiple times to complete the prediction and recognition of the intelligent control module 3. The training process has a total of 9 layers of depth, including an input layer, 3 convolutional layers, 3 pooling layers and 2 fully connected layers.

[0066] The calculation formula of the convolutional layer is

[0067]

[0068] Where M j is a subset of the feature map of the input convolutional layer; is the activation function value of the output feature map j in the lth layer; is the convolution kernel between the feature map i of the l-1th layer and the feature map j of the lth layer; is the bias value of the j-th feature map of the l-th layer; * is the two-dimensional discrete convolution operator.

[0069] The calculation formula of the pooling layer is

[0070]

[0071] Where subsampling(·) is the sampling function.

[0072] The calculation formula of the fully connected layer is

[0073]

[0074] Where l is the current layer number; is the connection weight between the current layer neuron j and the previous layer neuron i; is the bias value of neuron j in the current layer; f(·) is the activation function of this layer.

[0075] As a further improvement of this technical solution: Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the number of the point source bubble plume generators 13 is set to be multiple, and the multiple point source bubble plume generators 13 are evenly distributed in the rice field, and the air pump 11 is placed on the side of the rice field;

[0076] The gas delivery hose 12 is made of plastic material, so that the point source bubble plume generator 13 can move within the length of the gas delivery hose 12 .

[0077] As a further improvement of this technical solution: Figure 7 As shown, the point source bubble plume generator 13 includes a connection port 131, a hollow base 132 and a sponge diffusion sleeve 133. The sponge diffusion sleeve 133 is overlapped on the top of the hollow base 132 by tying with a steel wire rope, and the connection port 131 passes through the side wall of the hollow base 132.

[0078] The overlap between the hollow base 132 and the sponge diffusion sleeve 133 is located on the surface of the paddy field soil, the connection port 131 and the hollow base 132 are both buried in the paddy field soil, and the sponge diffusion sleeve 133 is located at the upper end of the paddy field soil.

[0079] The connecting port 131 and the hollow base 132 are both configured in a hollow cylindrical shape, the sponge diffusion sleeve 133 is in a hollow hemispherical shell shape, and the hollow base 132 is made of PVC material.

[0080] As a further improvement of this technical solution: Figure 9-10 As shown, the gas delivery pipe 22 and the bubble plume barrier generator 23 are both made of PVC material, and the surface of the bubble plume barrier generator 23 is provided with a plurality of holes distributed in a linear array;

[0081] The collecting pool 24 is configured as a cylindrical cavity with an open top, and a water passage corridor 02 is opened between the collecting pool 24 and the downstream side of the drainage main channel 01, and the end of the bubble plume barrier generator 23 extends into the water passage corridor 02, and the water passage corridor 02 and the bubble plume barrier generator 23 are arranged in the same direction.

[0082] Furthermore, the bubble plume barrier generator 23 is obliquely placed at the bottom inner side of the main drainage channel 01, and the angle between the bubble plume barrier generator 23 and the side tangent of the main drainage channel 01 is α, and α satisfies 30°≤α≤60°.

[0083] Furthermore, the collection unit is set to at least one of a camera and a drone, and the collection unit is placed at the junction of the drainage canal 01 and the river in the rice field. The collection unit cooperates with intelligent hardware to intelligently identify and calculate the coverage area and distribution of floating carbon substances in the rice field and the drainage canal 01.

[0084] As a further improvement of the technical solution: the plume air pump 21 is placed at the front end side of the intersection of the drainage main channel 01 and the river, and the retaining wall 25 is located near the intersection of the drainage main channel 01 and the river.

[0085] A working method of a rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume, comprising the following steps:

[0086] S1. Obtain the actual situation of the drainage main canal 01 and the water surface coverage of the paddy field, use the acquisition unit to collect image data in the action area of ​​the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1 and the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism 2, and upload the acquired data to the intelligent hardware for storage;

[0087] S2, convolutional neural network training image recognition, determine whether there are floating objects in the drainage main channel 01, and identify and calculate the coverage area of ​​floating carbon materials;

[0088] S3, cleaning the floating objects in the drainage main channel 01, according to the judgment result of S2, perform the following operations:

[0089] S3.1. When the intelligent control module 3 recognizes that there are floating carbon substances such as duckweed and algae in the drainage ditch, the command information is transmitted to the signal receiver II via radio. After receiving the command, the signal receiver II controls the plume air pump 21 to start, and the air enters the air pipe 22 through the plume air pump 21 and is transmitted to the bubble plume barrier generator 23. The air enters the drainage ditch water through multiple holes on the surface of the bubble plume barrier generator 23 to form a bubble plume barrier. The bubble plume barrier diffuses in the drainage ditch in a triangular prism shape, driving the surrounding water to rise to the surface of the drainage ditch, forming a bubble plume barrier. A certain oblique surface flow is formed to intercept floating carbon substances such as duckweed and algae in the drainage ditch; floating carbon substances such as duckweed and algae in the drainage ditch automatically flow into the rear-end collection pool 24 for storage under the combined force of the surface flow formed by the drainage ditch water flow and the bubble plume barrier, and are salvaged and recycled after the floating carbon substances completely cover the surface of the collection pool 24; carbon substances in the middle and bottom layers of the drainage ditch water body are precipitated under the blocking of the retaining wall 25, which is convenient for completing the recovery and treatment of the bottom mud and reducing the spread of agricultural non-point source pollution; through the above process, all-round carbon capture of rice fields and drainage ditches is completed;

[0090] S3.2, when the floating objects in the drainage main channel 01 are cleared or there are no floating objects, return to S1-S2 to continue collecting image data and image recognition;

[0091] S4, setting oxygenation conditions and oxygenating the paddy field when the conditions are met, usually setting the oxygenation condition setting value to 70%, and comparing the floating carbon material coverage area identified in S2 with the oxygenation condition setting value, including the following operations:

[0092] S4.1, when the intelligent control module 3 identifies that the floating carbon substances such as duckweed and algae in the rice field cover an area exceeding 70%, the command information is transmitted to the signal receiver I via radio. After receiving the command, the signal receiver I controls the air pump 11 to start, and the air enters the air hose 12 through the air pump 11 and is transmitted to the point source bubble plume generator 13. The air is cut and dispersed in the dense mesh inside the point source bubble plume generator 13 to form a point source bubble plume in the rice field water body. The point source bubble plume carries the surrounding rice field water body up to the surface of the rice field, drives the floating carbon substances such as duckweed and algae on the surface of the rice field to the edge of the point source bubble plume area, and enriches them for subsequent collection, salvage, and recycling. At the same time, the point source bubble plume carries oxygen, which effectively increases the oxygen content of the rice field, improves the water environment of the rice field, reduces the use of pesticides, prevents eutrophication, improves the water utilization rate of the rice field, and helps to strengthen rice photosynthesis, thereby reducing agricultural non-point source pollution and achieving the effect of saving water and increasing production.

[0093] S4.2. After the oxygenation operation in S4.1 is completed or when it is identified that the coverage area of ​​floating carbon matter in the rice field does not exceed 70%, return to S1-S2 to continue collecting image data and image recognition.

[0094] In a specific embodiment, the system is installed according to the size of the rice field area;

[0095] Set the length of the rice field area to L, the width to M, and the width and depth of the drainage channel 01 to B and H respectively. 干渠 The gas hose 12 is connected to the connection port 131, and the gas hose 12, the connection port 131 and the hollow base 132 are buried in the paddy field soil. The hollow base 132 and the sponge diffusion sleeve 133 are overlapped by steel wire ropes. The overlap is located on the surface of the paddy field soil. The sponge diffusion sleeve 133 is located at the upper end of the paddy field soil. The density is 1.38-1.4g / cm 3 The hollow base 132 is made of PVC material, and its diameter D satisfies the following relationship:

[0096]

[0097] In the formula, the units of D, L and M are all m. If the base diameter exceeds 0.01m, the impact force of the point source bubble plume formed will decrease. If D is calculated to be less than 0.005m, D is taken as 0.005m, which is convenient for mass production. The sponge diffusion sleeve 133 is a hollow hemispherical shell with a thickness of 0.002±0.001m, which can increase the diffusion area of ​​the point source bubble plume. Its diameter is equal to D. The connecting port 131 is a hollow cylindrical shape with a diameter of 0.5D and a height of 0.5D. The connecting port 131 is directly embedded in the outer wall of one side of the gas hose 12. The inner diameter of the gas hose 12 made of plastic is d (0.005m≤d≤0.02m), and d must be greater than the diameter of the connecting port 131. The rated power of the air pump 11 is not less than 1100W.

[0098] The point source bubble plume generator 13 is arranged as follows Fig.10 As shown, the distances between the center of the circle and the side wall are 0.1L and 0.1M respectively, and the intervals between adjacent centers of the circle along the L direction are 0.2L, and the intervals between adjacent centers of the circle along the M direction are 0.2M, forming a grid array of 0.2L*0.2M, thereby reducing the layout cost and improving the efficiency of the point source bubble plume.

[0099] The length range of the bubble plume barrier generator 23 made of PVC material is [1.4B, 1.5B], its interior is hollow, the inner diameter is 0.00005B, and the angle α with the width direction of the drainage main channel 01 satisfies 30°≤α≤60°. If it is lower than 30° or higher than 60°, the interception efficiency is insufficient. The diameter D1 of the hole on the surface of the bubble plume barrier generator 23 satisfies the following relationship:

[0100]

[0101] Wherein, B and D1 are in m. If D1 is less than 0.002, the interception performance of the bubble plume barrier will be affected.

[0102] The distance between the centers of two adjacent holes of the bubble plume barrier generator 23 ranges from [20D1, 30D1], which can generate a bubble plume barrier more efficiently. If it is too short, it will cause the interaction between bubbles and weaken the performance of the bubble plume barrier. If it is too wide, it will cause the bubble plume barrier to be discontinuous between two adjacent holes. The installation depth of the bubble plume barrier generator 23 is 1 / 3 of the depth of the drainage main canal 01. The bubble plume barrier generator 23 is connected to the plume air pump 21 through the air pipe 22. The air pipe 22 is made of PVC material and has an inner diameter of 0.00005B. The rated power of the plume air pump 21 is not less than 1100W. The diameter of the collection pool 24 is 0.5B, and the depth is the same as the depth of the drainage main canal 01. The short side length of the water corridor 02 is 0.5B, and the depth is equal to that of the collection pool 24.

[0103] The bubble plume barrier generated by the bubble plume generator 23 has an offset angle between 13° and 45° within the effective flow rate, and the offset displacement is linearly distributed in the water body. In the actual arrangement process, the boundary distance ΔL between the end of the bubble plume generator 23 and the downstream end of the inlet of the collection tank 24 satisfies the following relationship:

[0104]

[0105] The collection pool 24 needs to be arranged at the tail end of the drainage main canal 01, where the water flow tends to be stable, the bubble plume barrier generated is more stable, and the width at the entrance of the collection pool needs to be greater than 2ΔL.

[0106] The distance between the retaining wall 25 and the end of the drainage main channel 01 satisfies [B, 2B], which ensures that the bottom sediment can be effectively precipitated while reducing the impact on the water flow behind the retaining wall 25. The height H of the retaining wall 25 is lower than 2 / 3 of the depth of the drainage main channel 01 and higher than 1 / 2 of the depth of the drainage main channel 01. The retaining wall 25 has a width of B and a thickness of 0.05B.

[0107] In this embodiment, the experimental material was taken from wild natural duckweed. The duckweed was washed with water and placed in an area of ​​1m 2 In the square experimental pool, the natural condition of duckweed on the water surface was simulated, and the coverage rate of duckweed on the water surface was recorded at this time. The water depth was fixed at 15 cm. The point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1 was turned on, and the camera was used to start recording. It was observed that the bubbles had an obvious dispersing effect on the covered duckweed. After the device was stable, the recording was stopped, and the pictures taken at fixed intervals in the recording were imported into the PS software to measure the duckweed coverage area in the area and calculate the coverage area ratio. The experimental results are as follows: Fig.11As shown in the figure, the content shows that under experimental conditions, within 0-20s, the proportion of duckweed coverage in the control area decreased by about 25%. The experimental results show that under certain water depth conditions, the point source bubble carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism has an effective effect of driving away and enriching duckweed gathered on the water surface during use. After the system is started, the coverage area of ​​duckweed is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the impact of duckweed covering the water surface on rice growth.

[0108] In this embodiment, 1m 2 The square experimental pool has a fixed water depth of 15 cm, and is connected to a point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1. A single point source bubble plume generator 13 is used and placed at the bottom center of the experimental pool. The initial dissolved oxygen DO value is measured using a dissolved oxygen instrument. After the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1 is started, the dissolved oxygen DO value of the experimental pool water is measured regularly. Multiple experiments are conducted and the data are statistically analyzed. The oxygenation effect is shown in FIG. Fig.12 As shown. Fig.12 It can be seen that the dissolved oxygen content in the water body increases and tends to be stable at 200s. The dissolved oxygen content in the water can reach 12mg / L, achieving an oxygenation effect.

[0109] In this embodiment, two 1m 2 The square experimental pool has a fixed water depth of 15 cm. 16 rice plants of Lianjing No. 11 are transplanted in each experimental pool. 200g of natural duckweed and algae mixture is placed on the water surface. The experimental group is connected to the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1. The point source bubble plume generator 13 is arranged according to the claim. The control group is not equipped with the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1. Since nitrogen is an important factor in increasing rice production, the seedling experiment is carried out under the same conditions. The total nitrogen in the water body is measured with a multifunctional water quality meter at a fixed time point every day for 15 days. The comparative experimental results are shown in the figure below. Fig.13 As shown. Fig.13 It can be seen that under the experimental conditions, the total nitrogen content consumption in the experimental pool using the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1 is greater and the consumption rate is greater, which can indirectly explain that the absorption and utilization rate of nitrogen by rice in the experimental pool using the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism 1 is improved, thereby increasing the yield.

[0110] In this embodiment, natural duckweed and algae are used to conduct bubble plume barrier interception and collection experiments. The experimental materials are a mixture of natural duckweed and algae, and leaves, each weighing 200g. A water corridor 02 with a length of 50m, a width of 1.5m, and a height of 0.5m is used as the experimental site. The experimental fixed flow rate is 44.98m 3 / h, the water velocity is 0.0480m / s, the water depth is 0.244m, the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism 2 is turned on, the bubble plume barrier length is 1.3m, the ventilation volume is 15L / min, and the bubble plume barrier angles are set to 10°, 30°, and 45° respectively. The experimental results of the bubble plume barrier angle on the interception and collection of different floating objects are shown in Figure 2. Fig.14 As shown. Fig.14 It can be seen that under the experimental conditions, the interception and collection rates of the bubble plume barriers with three arrangement angles for duckweed and algae are all over 95%, and the interception and collection rates for leaves are all over 85%, and the bubble plume barrier arranged at 45° has the best interception effect, exceeding 98%.

[0111] In this embodiment, the gas hose 12, point source bubble plume generator 13, gas pipe 22 and bubble plume barrier generator 23 used in this system are low in price, among which the gas hose 12 is priced at 8.2 yuan / m, the point source bubble plume generator 13 is priced at 2 yuan, the gas pipe is priced at 8.3 yuan / m, the bubble plume barrier generator is priced at 20 yuan / m, the air pump 11 and the plume air pump 21 are of the same model and can be used universally, and the price is 267 yuan. The entire set of intelligent control module 3 is expected to cost 1,000 yuan. Assuming that 1 mu of rice field is planted with double-season rice, 4 Taking the rice field system of the drainage main canal 01 with a width of m and a depth of 1.2 m as an example, a 360° panoramic camera is used, the price is 164 yuan, the minimum number of point source bubble plume generators 13 is 300, and it is planned to purchase a 50m air hose 12, a 10m air pipe 22, a 5.5m bubble plume barrier generator, one air pump 11 and one plume air pump 21, the cost of the collection pool 24 is about 500 yuan, and the cost of the retaining wall 25 is about 700 yuan. The total cost of this system is about 4,000 yuan, and the maintenance frequency required for this system is low, once every 5 years. At present, the yield of one mu of rice field in my country is about 800-1200 catties, taking the average number as 1000 catties, and the price of rice is calculated at 2.5 yuan / catty, then the profit of one mu of rice field is 1500 yuan / season, in this case, the investment can be recovered in three seasons, and this calculation does not take into account the saved manual salvage fee, saved pesticide usage fee, saved irrigation water fee, the increase in production effect of adopting this system, and the profit from the capture and sale of carbon substances in this system, so it will realize profitability earlier. Based on the above analysis, this system has extremely high economic benefits.

[0112] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above; however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume, characterized by: include: A point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism (1) is used to drive floating carbon substances on the surface of the rice field and increase the oxygen content of the rice field; The bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism (2) is used to intercept and recycle carbon substances in the drainage ditch; An intelligent control module (3) controls the operation of a point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism (1) and a bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism (2) through radio control; The point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism (1) comprises an air pump (11), an air delivery hose (12) and a point source bubble plume generator (13); the output end of the air pump (11) is connected to the input end of the point source bubble plume generator (13) via the air delivery hose (12); the connection end of the air pump (11) is electrically connected to a signal receiver I for receiving a signal from an intelligent control module (3) and controlling the start / stop of the air pump (11); The bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism (2) comprises a plume air pump (21), an air supply pipe (22), a bubble plume barrier generator (23), a collection pool (24) and a water retaining wall (25), wherein the water retaining wall (25) is placed at the end of the drainage main channel (01) and is used to precipitate and intercept bottom carbon substances, and the output end of the plume air pump (21) is connected to the collection pool (24) through the air supply pipe (22) and the bubble plume barrier generator (23) to generate a bubble plume barrier to intercept and collect floating carbon substances, and the connection end of the plume air pump (21) is electrically connected to a signal receiver II, which is used to receive a signal from the intelligent control module (3) and control the start / stop of the plume air pump (21); The intelligent control module (3) comprises a collection unit and intelligent hardware, wherein the collection unit is used to collect image data within the action area of ​​the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism (1) and the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism (2), and the intelligent hardware is used to receive the image data from the collection unit, and the intelligent hardware has a built-in convolutional neural network for image training and identification and control of the inflation pump (11) start-up algorithm.

2. A rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the point source bubble plume generators (13) is set to be multiple, and the multiple point source bubble plume generators (13) are evenly distributed in the rice field, and the air pump (11) is placed on the side of the rice field; The gas delivery hose (12) is made of plastic material, so that the point source bubble plume generator (13) can move within the length range of the gas delivery hose (12).

3. A rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume according to claim 1, characterized in that: The point source bubble plume generator (13) comprises a connection port (131), a hollow base (132) and a sponge diffusion sleeve (133); the sponge diffusion sleeve (133) is overlapped on the top of the hollow base (132) by means of a steel wire rope, and the connection port (131) penetrates the side wall of the hollow base (132); The overlap between the hollow base (132) and the sponge diffusion sleeve (133) is located on the surface of paddy field soil, the connection port (131) and the hollow base (132) are both buried in the paddy field soil, and the sponge diffusion sleeve (133) is located at the upper end of the paddy field soil.

4. A rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connection port (131) and the hollow base (132) are both configured as hollow cylinders, the sponge diffusion sleeve (133) is configured as a hollow hemispherical shell, and the hollow base (132) is made of PVC material.

5. The rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume according to claim 1 is characterized by: The gas delivery pipe (22) and the bubble plume barrier generator (23) are both made of PVC material, and a plurality of holes distributed in a linear array are formed on the surface of the bubble plume barrier generator (23); The collection pool (24) is configured as a cylindrical cavity with an opening at the top, a water passage corridor (02) is provided between the collection pool (24) and the downstream side of the main drainage channel (01), and the end of the bubble plume barrier generator (23) extends into the water passage corridor (02), and the water passage corridor (02) and the bubble plume barrier generator (23) are arranged in the same direction.

6. A rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bubble plume barrier generator (23) is obliquely disposed at the inner bottom end of the main drainage channel (01), and the angle between the bubble plume barrier generator (23) and the side tangent of the main drainage channel (01) is α, and α satisfies 30°≤α≤60°.

7. The rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume according to claim 1 is characterized by: The collection unit is configured as at least one of a camera and a drone, and is placed at the junction of a drainage channel (01) and a river in a rice field. The collection unit cooperates with intelligent hardware to intelligently identify and calculate the coverage area and distribution of floating carbon substances in the rice field and the drainage channel (01).

8. The rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plume air pump (21) is placed on the front side of the intersection of the drainage main channel (01) and the river, and the retaining wall (25) is located near the intersection of the drainage main channel (01) and the river.

9. A working method of a rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, obtaining the actual situation of the drainage main channel (01) and the water surface coverage of the rice field, using the collection unit to collect image data within the action area of ​​the point source bubble plume carbon collection and oxygenation mechanism (1) and the bubble plume barrier interception and collection mechanism (2), and uploading the obtained data to the intelligent hardware for storage; S2, training image recognition using a convolutional neural network to determine whether there are floating objects in the drainage canal (01), and also identifying and calculating the coverage area of ​​floating carbon materials; S3, cleaning the floating objects in the drainage main channel (01), according to the judgment result of S2, perform the following operations: S3.

1. When there are floating objects in the drainage main channel (01), the plume air pump (21) is started, and the bubble plume barrier generator (23) is used to form a bubble plume barrier, which drives the surrounding water body to rise to the surface of the drainage ditch, forming a certain oblique surface flow, and intercepting the floating carbon substances in the drainage ditch. The floating carbon substances in the drainage ditch automatically flow into the rear-end collection pool (24) for storage under the combined force of the drainage ditch water flow and the surface flow formed by the bubble plume barrier. After the floating carbon substances completely cover the surface of the collection pool (24), they are salvaged and recycled. The carbon substances in the middle and bottom layers of the drainage ditch water body are precipitated under the blocking of the retaining wall (25), and the bottom sludge is recycled and processed during subsequent maintenance; S3.2, when the floating objects in the drainage main channel (01) are cleared or there are no floating objects, return to S1-S2 to continue collecting image data and image recognition; S4, setting oxygenation conditions and oxygenating the paddy field when the conditions are met, comparing the coverage area of ​​the floating carbon substances identified in S2 with the set value of the oxygenation conditions, including the following operations: S4.

1. When the intelligent control module (3) identifies that the coverage area of ​​floating carbon substances in the paddy field is greater than or equal to the set value of the oxygenation condition, the air pump (11) is started, and the air is transmitted in cooperation with the air delivery hose (12) and the point source bubble plume generator (13). The air is cut and dispersed in the dense mesh inside the point source bubble plume generator (13), and a point source bubble plume is formed in the paddy field water body. The point source bubble plume carries the surrounding paddy field water body up to the surface of the paddy field, drives the floating carbon substances on the surface of the paddy field to the edge of the point source bubble plume area, and enriches them. At the same time, the point source bubble plume carries oxygen, which increases the oxygen content in the paddy field and improves the water environment of the paddy field. S4.

2. After the oxygenation operation in S4.1 is completed or when it is identified that the coverage area of ​​floating carbon matter in the rice field is less than the set value of the oxygenation condition, return to S1-S2 to continue collecting image data and image recognition.

10. The working method of the rice field "water saving-yield increase-carbon capture" system based on bubble plume according to claim 9, characterized in that: In S4, the oxygenation condition setting value is set to 70%.

Images