Comprehensive rice and fish planting and breeding method in tropical high-temperature region

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a tropical high-temperature region rice and fish comprehensive planting and breeding method which comprises the following steps: step 1, rice field modification: modifying the ground of a rice field so that a deep water channel is dug on the ground of the rice field, and the depth of the deep water channel is higher than the height of a rice field planting area; deep pits are dug in the deep water channel at intervals, and the depth of the deep pits is larger than that of the deep water channel; step 2, planting rice: selecting a disease and pest resistant rice variety with strong flooding resistance and short growth period; step 3, selecting a proper breeding variety; 4, stocking, wherein the water quality in the deep pit can be kept stable through structural arrangement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular to a method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas. Background Art

[0002] Integrated rice-fish farming is an ecological agricultural model that combines rice cultivation with aquaculture, aiming to improve agricultural production efficiency and economic benefits through resource sharing and ecological complementarity.

[0003] The climatic conditions in tropical high-temperature areas have a significant impact on rice and fish farming. For aquaculture, water quality deteriorates rapidly during high temperatures, and aquatic animals are susceptible to disease and death.

[0004] Based on this, this scheme provides a method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas, which is used to stabilize integrated rice-fish farming and promote farmers' income growth. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Reconstruction of rice fields: Reconstruct the ground of rice fields so that deep water channels are excavated on the ground of rice fields, and the depth of the deep water channels is higher than the height of the rice field planting area;

[0008] Digging deep pits at intervals on the deep waterway, wherein the depth of the deep pits is greater than the deep waterway;

[0009] It is also necessary to set up escape-proof facilities around the rice fields, such as fences or cages;

[0010] Step 2: Planting rice: Choose rice varieties that are resistant to flooding and have a short growing period to reduce competition with fish;

[0011] Step 3: Choose the right species for breeding: According to the local climate, water quality conditions and market demand, choose suitable fish for breeding. Common fish species include carp, crucian carp, grass carp, etc.

[0012] At the same time, Macrobrachium rosenbergii was selected for breeding;

[0013] Step 4: Stocking: After the rice seedlings turn green, stock the fish fry and Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry.

[0014] As a further optimization, the rice fields in step one need to be disinfected before transformation.

[0015] As a further optimization, a benchmark is fixedly inserted in the deep pit, and the top of the benchmark extends out of the water surface of the rice field.

[0016] As a further optimization, the deep pits are located at the four corners of the rice field, and the water inlet and outlet of the rice field are located at the depths of different deep pits.

[0017] As a further optimization, a sunshade is fixed on the top of the pole, a solar power generation component is laid on the top of the sunshade, and a water quality detector is fixed on the pole. The solar power generation component provides power to the water quality detector for detecting the water quality in the deep pit.

[0018] As a further optimization, an insect-proof net is set at the water inlet of the rice field to prevent external pests from entering the rice field.

[0019] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0020] 1. Make full use of the spatial and temporal resources of rice fields and increase income;

[0021] 2. The self-purification ability of the water in the deep pit is poor. During the breeding process, organic matter such as fish excrement, leftover bait and dead organisms are easy to accumulate, resulting in deterioration of water quality. This scheme uses structural settings to keep the water quality in the deep pit stable;

[0022] 3. Deep pits can maintain a certain oxygen content while stabilizing water quality;

[0023] 4. Use solar energy to conduct online monitoring of water quality in deep pits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] A method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Rice field transformation:

[0027] The rice fields need to be disinfected before transformation. The disinfection method is to drain the water in the rice fields, turn the soil in the rice fields, and use sunlight to disinfect;

[0028] The ground of the rice field is transformed so that deep water channels are dug on the ground of the rice field. The depth of the deep water channels is higher than the height of the rice field planting area. The deep water channels surround the rice field or cross the rice field;

[0029] Deep pits are dug at intervals on the deep waterway, and the depth of the deep pits is greater than the deep waterway; in abnormally hot weather, schools of fish and shrimp can gather in the deep pits to hide, avoiding the impact of high water surface temperature on fish or shrimp. During high temperature periods, water quality deteriorates rapidly, and aquatic animals are susceptible to disease and death;

[0030] Keeping water clean is essential for the health of fish or shrimp. During the growth of rice, part of the water needs to be replaced regularly. The replaced water needs to be oxygenated. The deep pits are located at the four corners of the rice field. Since the deep pits are usually small in area and the water's self-purification ability is weak, the water inlet and outlet of the rice field are located at the depths of different deep pits. The replacement of water can achieve the stability of the water quality in the deep pits. At the same time, the flow of water can also increase the oxygen content of the water in the deep pits.

[0031] Install insect-proof nets at the water inlet of the rice fields to prevent external pests from entering the rice fields;

[0032] It is also necessary to set up escape-proof facilities around the rice fields, such as fences or cages;

[0033] The height of the fence is higher than the ridge of the field;

[0034] Step 2: Planting rice:

[0035] Select rice varieties that are resistant to flooding and have a short growing season to reduce competition with fish and lower the incidence of pests and diseases;

[0036] Step 3: Choose the right breeding species:

[0037] Choose suitable fish for breeding according to local climate, water quality conditions and market demand;

[0038] Common fish species include carp, crucian carp, grass carp, etc.

[0039] Carp is an omnivorous fish that feeds on small animals in the water, paddy field grass, and weeds. They are highly adaptable and can survive in a variety of water conditions.

[0040] Crucian carp is also an omnivorous fish, mainly feeding on small organisms and organic debris in the water. It is tolerant to low oxygen and suitable for breeding in rice fields. Grass carp is a typical herbivorous fish, mainly feeding on higher aquatic plants.

[0041] At the same time, Macrobrachium rosenbergii was selected for breeding;

[0042] Macrobrachium rosenbergii is an omnivorous animal with a wide range of diets, including small fish, shrimp, insects and other animal foods as well as algae, aquatic plants and other plant foods.

[0043] A variety of different species of fish combined with Macrobrachium rosenbergii can make full use of the water resources and space of rice fields, achieving multiple uses of water and multiple harvests from one field, thus improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of land;

[0044] At the same time, Macrobrachium rosenbergii has a omnivorous diet, large individuals, fast growth, high yield, short breeding cycle, and relatively easy daily management, which can provide farmers with an additional source of income, help improve farmers' living standards, and promote rural economic development;

[0045] In addition, breeding Macrobrachium rosenbergii in rice fields can effectively improve the bottom environment of ponds, increase soil fertility and feed utilization, reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers and greenhouse gas emissions, and is beneficial to ecological environment protection;

[0046] Step 4: Stocking:

[0047] After the rice seedlings turn green, fish seedlings are put in. About 8-9 kg of fish seedlings can be put in each mu of rice field, and the specification of each fish is 0.05-0.1 kg;

[0048] 10,000 to 15,000 Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry are released per acre, and the size of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry is about 1.5 cm.

[0049] A benchmark is fixedly inserted in the deep pit, the top of the benchmark extends out of the water surface of the rice field, a sunscreen is installed on the top of the benchmark, and the sunscreen floats on the water surface, a solar power generation component is laid on the top of the sunscreen, and a water quality detector is fixed on the benchmark, the solar power generation component provides power to the water quality detector for testing the water quality.

[0050] Ecological ditches are constructed around rice fields and aquatic plants are planted to absorb nutrients and reduce water velocity, promoting the sedimentation of suspended particles.

[0051] When disinfecting the fish pond, crush the tea seed cake and spread it evenly in the fish pond. Tea seed cake is a natural disinfectant and pesticide, safe and harmless to fish.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Reconstruction of rice fields: Reconstruct the ground of rice fields so that deep water channels are excavated on the ground of rice fields, and the depth of the deep water channels is higher than the height of the rice field planting area; Digging deep pits at intervals on the deep waterway, wherein the depth of the deep pits is greater than the deep waterway; The deep pits are located at the four corners of the rice field, and the water inlet and outlet of the rice field are located at the depths of different deep pits; At the same time, anti-escape facilities are set up around the rice fields; Step 2: Planting rice: Choose rice varieties that are resistant to flooding, have a short growing period, and are resistant to pests and diseases; Step 3: Choose the right species for breeding: Choose the right fish for breeding according to the local climate, water quality conditions and market demand; At the same time, Macrobrachium rosenbergii was selected for breeding; Step 4: Stocking: After the rice seedlings turn green, stock the fish fry and Macrobrachium rosenbergii fry.

2. The method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A benchmark is fixedly inserted in the deep pit, and the top of the benchmark extends out of the water surface of the paddy field.

3. The method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the pole is connected with a sunscreen, the top surface of the sunscreen is paved with solar power generation components, and a water quality detector is fixed on the pole.

4. The method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the rice fields need to be disinfected before transformation; The disinfection method is to drain the water in the rice fields, turn the soil over, and use sunlight to disinfect.

5. The method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, 8-9 kg of fish fry can be released per mu of rice field, with the release specification being 0.05-0.1 kg per fish.

6. The method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the tea seed cake is crushed and evenly spread in the fish pit to disinfect and sterilize the fish pit.

7. The method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sun visor floats on the water surface.

8. The method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the fish species are preferably carp, crucian carp, and grass carp.

9. The method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insect-proof net is arranged at the water inlet of the rice field.

10. The method for integrated rice-fish farming in tropical high-temperature areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings are put in 10,000 to 15,000 pieces per mu, and the specification of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings is 1.5 cm.