Power battery fireproof system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power battery fire prevention, in particular to a power battery fire prevention system which comprises a power battery bin and a fire prevention central controller, the interior of the power battery bin is divided into multiple sets of battery module bins, and sensing units, fire extinguishing units and reburning detection units are arranged in the battery module bins; the induction unit, the fire extinguishing unit and the re-combustion detection unit are all connected with the fireproof central controller, the induction unit transmits an induction data signal to the fireproof central controller, the fire extinguishing unit executes fire extinguishing operation, and the re-combustion detection unit is used for detecting re-combustion of a power battery bin. The fire extinguishing unit comprises an initial fire extinguishing module, a middle fire extinguishing module and a later fire extinguishing module, the initial fire extinguishing module comprises a perfluorohexanone filling pipe, the middle fire extinguishing module comprises a low-pressure carbon dioxide filling pipe, and the later fire extinguishing module comprises a nitrogen filling pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power battery fire protection, and in particular to a power battery fire protection system. Background Art

[0002] Automotive power batteries refer to batteries used to power electric vehicles (EV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). They are the vehicle's main energy storage system. They store electrical energy from the power grid and provide power when the vehicle is driving. Vehicles are often equipped with corresponding monitoring systems to monitor the use of power batteries, especially situations where the power batteries may catch fire, which poses a threat to the life safety of people on board.

[0003] At present, a Chinese patent with publication number CN116271626A discloses a power battery fire prevention and extinguishing control system, method and electric vehicle, which comprises: dividing the power battery assembly into a plurality of power battery module compartments, each of which is equipped with an oxygen sensor and a temperature sensor, the oxygen sensor and the temperature sensor are connected to a control unit, and each power battery module compartment is equipped with a fire extinguishing unit and an air intake unit; the control unit is used to judge the oxygen concentration and temperature data, and when the oxygen concentration and / or temperature data exceed the set value, send a control instruction to the fire extinguishing unit and the air intake unit; the fire extinguishing unit is used to extinguish the power battery module compartment whose oxygen concentration and / or temperature data exceed the set value according to the control instruction; the air intake unit is used to transport inert gas to the power battery module compartment whose oxygen concentration and / or temperature data exceed the set value according to the control instruction. Although this fire prevention system reduces the possibility of re-ignition, during the fire extinguishing process, the fire extinguishing means of the above system are single, and the functionality of reducing the re-ignition situation still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a power battery fire protection system, and the above technical purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions: A power battery fire protection system comprises a power battery compartment and a fire protection central controller. The interior of the power battery compartment is divided into a plurality of battery module compartments. A sensing unit, a fire extinguishing unit and a re-ignition detection unit are arranged in the battery module compartment. The sensing unit, the fire extinguishing unit and the re-ignition detection unit are all connected to the fire protection central controller. The sensing unit transmits a sensing data signal to the fire protection central controller. The fire extinguishing unit performs a fire extinguishing operation. The re-ignition detection unit is used to detect the re-ignition of the power battery compartment. The fire extinguishing unit comprises an initial fire extinguishing module, a mid-term fire extinguishing module and a late-term fire extinguishing module. The initial fire extinguishing module comprises a perfluorohexanone filling tube, the mid-term fire extinguishing module comprises a low-pressure carbon dioxide filling tube, and the late-term fire extinguishing module comprises a nitrogen filling tube.

[0005] Furthermore, the re-ignition detection unit includes a flame detector, which is installed on the inner wall of the battery module compartment and is connected to the fire protection central controller.

[0006] Furthermore, the sensing unit includes a temperature sensor and an oxygen concentration detector, and the temperature sensor and the oxygen concentration detector are installed on the inner wall of the battery module compartment, and the temperature sensor and the oxygen concentration sensor are connected to the fire protection central controller.

[0007] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing unit is connected to an air intake unit, and the air intake unit includes a primary pipeline, a secondary pipeline, and a tertiary pipeline. The primary pipeline, the secondary pipeline, and the tertiary pipeline respectively provide gas for the initial fire extinguishing module, the mid-term fire extinguishing module, and the late fire extinguishing module. The primary pipeline, the secondary pipeline, and the tertiary pipeline are respectively connected to a primary solenoid valve, a secondary solenoid valve, and a tertiary solenoid valve.

[0008] Furthermore, a refrigerant is provided in the interlayer position of the battery module compartment.

[0009] Furthermore, an explosion-proof plate is provided on the outer side of the power battery compartment.

[0010] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: ① The power battery compartment is divided into multiple groups of battery module compartments. Each group of power batteries is monitored and fire-proofed by an independent fire protection system, which improves the flexibility and manageability of the system.

[0011] ② Integrated sensing, fire extinguishing and re-ignition detection units: Each battery module compartment is integrated with a sensing unit, a fire extinguishing unit and a re-ignition detection unit. These units are connected to the fire protection central controller to achieve comprehensive monitoring and management of power battery fire conditions.

[0012] ③ Multi-stage fire extinguishing strategy: The fire extinguishing unit includes an initial fire extinguishing module, a mid-term fire extinguishing module and a late fire extinguishing module, which use perfluorohexanone, low-pressure carbon dioxide and nitrogen for fire extinguishing respectively. This multi-stage fire extinguishing strategy can more effectively control and extinguish fires and reduce the risk of re-ignition.

[0013] ④ Rapid response: The initial fire extinguishing module uses perfluorohexanone, which can quickly extinguish the power battery flame. It has good fire extinguishing effect and heat absorption capacity, and is suitable for rapid response in the early stage of fire.

[0014] ⑤ Oxygen dilution and thermal runaway suppression: The mid-term fire extinguishing module uses low-pressure carbon dioxide, which can quickly dilute the oxygen content in the combustion area. And because of its large heat of vaporization and strong heat absorption performance, it can effectively suppress the thermal runaway of the power battery.

[0015] ⑥ Explosion suppression function: The later fire extinguishing module uses nitrogen, which fills the battery module compartment to achieve explosion suppression function and further prevent the fire from spreading.

[0016] In summary, the power battery fire protection system provides a comprehensive, efficient and reliable fire protection solution through its modular design, multi-stage fire extinguishing strategy, precise control, re-ignition detection and explosion-proof design, which effectively improves the safety performance of power batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present application, but do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a system connection diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the power battery compartment in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The above and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 The detailed description of the embodiments will clearly show that the structural contents mentioned in the following embodiments are all based on the drawings in the specification.

[0019] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0020] A power battery fire protection system is integrated in a power battery compartment. The central controller of the system is a fire protection central controller. The interior of the power battery compartment is divided into multiple groups of battery module compartments. The battery module compartments are used to install power batteries. Modular power batteries are installed in the battery module compartments. Each group of power batteries is monitored, processed and other fire protection tasks by an independent fire protection system set in the battery module compartment.

[0021] A sensing unit is provided in the battery module compartment, and the sensing unit is connected to the fire protection central controller. The sensing unit transmits the sensing data signal to the fire protection central controller. The sensing unit includes a temperature sensor and an oxygen concentration detector. The temperature sensor and the oxygen concentration detector are installed on the inner wall of the battery module compartment, and the temperature sensor and the oxygen concentration sensor are connected to the fire protection central controller.

[0022] A fire extinguishing unit is provided in the battery module compartment. The fire extinguishing unit is connected to the fire protection central controller. The fire extinguishing unit performs fire extinguishing operations. The fire extinguishing unit includes an initial fire extinguishing module, a mid-term fire extinguishing module, and a late fire extinguishing module. The initial fire extinguishing module includes a perfluorohexanone filling pipe, the mid-term fire extinguishing module includes a low-pressure carbon dioxide filling pipe, and the late fire extinguishing module includes a nitrogen filling pipe.

[0023] In the above-mentioned fire extinguishing unit, the fire extinguishing unit has a total of three levels of fire extinguishing methods. When a fire occurs in the power battery, perfluorohexanone is preferentially used to spray perfluorohexanone into the battery module compartment through the perfluorohexanone filling tube. After perfluorohexanone is passed into the equipment, the power battery flame can be quickly extinguished. It has good fire extinguishing effect and strong heat absorption capacity. It can quickly extinguish the flame in the early stage of the fire. However, as the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the box decreases, the power battery may burn again within 60 seconds after the fire source is extinguished.

[0024] In order to prevent possible re-ignition in the battery module compartment, after the fire is extinguished by introducing perfluorohexanone, a low-pressure carbon dioxide filling tube is needed. After the low-pressure carbon dioxide is intermittently filled into the battery module compartment, the low-pressure carbon dioxide can be quickly diluted into the battery module compartment. Due to the characteristics of low-pressure carbon dioxide, it has high heat of vaporization and strong heat absorption performance, which can effectively suppress thermal runaway of the power battery.

[0025] Finally, nitrogen is filled into the battery module compartment through the nitrogen filling pipe. The nitrogen fills the space in the battery module compartment, which can achieve the explosion suppression function.

[0026] The fire extinguishing unit is connected to an air intake unit, which includes a primary pipeline, a secondary pipeline, and a tertiary pipeline. The primary pipeline, the secondary pipeline, and the tertiary pipeline provide gas for the initial fire extinguishing module, the mid-term fire extinguishing module, and the late fire extinguishing module respectively. The primary pipeline, the secondary pipeline, and the tertiary pipeline are respectively connected to a primary solenoid valve, a secondary solenoid valve, and a tertiary solenoid valve.

[0027] A re-ignition detection unit is provided in the battery module compartment, which is connected to the fire protection central controller. The re-ignition detection unit is used to detect the re-ignition of the power battery compartment. The re-ignition detection unit includes a flame detector, which is installed on the inner wall of the battery module compartment. The flame detector is connected to the fire protection central controller. The flame detector releases ultraviolet light, visible light and infrared rays during the flame combustion process. These bands of light have specific wavelengths and flashing frequencies. The flame detector can promptly detect the occurrence of flame re-ignition based on the principle of flame brightness.

[0028] A refrigerant is arranged in the interlayer position of the battery module compartment. The refrigerant is filled around the battery module compartment and can generate cold air by itself to actively cool down the battery module compartment, assist in controlling the fire, and prevent the burning flame from being stably maintained, thereby achieving the effect of fire extinguishing and fire prevention.

[0029] An explosion-proof plate is provided on the outside of the power battery compartment to separate the battery module compartment from the external structure to prevent the power battery from exploding and affecting other structures.

[0030] The above is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with a specific implementation method, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to this; for technical personnel in the technical field to which the present invention belongs and related technical fields, based on the technical solution of the present invention, the expansion and replacement of operating methods and data should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power battery fire protection system, characterized in that: It includes a power battery compartment and a fire prevention central controller. The interior of the power battery compartment is divided into multiple groups of battery module compartments. The battery module compartment is equipped with a sensing unit, a fire extinguishing unit and a re-ignition detection unit. The sensing unit, the fire extinguishing unit and the re-ignition detection unit are all connected to the fire prevention central controller. The sensing unit transmits the sensing data signal to the fire prevention central controller. The fire extinguishing unit performs a fire extinguishing operation. The re-ignition detection unit is used to detect the re-ignition of the power battery compartment. The fire extinguishing unit includes an initial fire extinguishing module, a mid-term fire extinguishing module and a late fire extinguishing module. The initial fire extinguishing module includes a perfluorohexanone filling tube, the mid-term fire extinguishing module includes a low-pressure carbon dioxide filling tube, and the late fire extinguishing module includes a nitrogen filling tube.

2. A power battery fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The re-ignition detection unit includes a flame detector, which is installed on the inner wall of the battery module compartment and is connected to the fire protection central controller.

3. A power battery fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing unit includes a temperature sensor and an oxygen concentration detector, which are installed on the inner wall of the battery module compartment and are connected to the fire protection central controller.

4. A power battery fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing unit is connected to an air intake unit, which includes a primary pipeline, a secondary pipeline, and a tertiary pipeline. The primary pipeline, the secondary pipeline, and the tertiary pipeline respectively provide gas for an initial fire extinguishing module, a mid-term fire extinguishing module, and a late fire extinguishing module. The primary pipeline, the secondary pipeline, and the tertiary pipeline are respectively connected to a primary solenoid valve, a secondary solenoid valve, and a tertiary solenoid valve.

5. A power battery fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A refrigerant is provided in the interlayer position of the battery module compartment.

6. A power battery fire protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An explosion-proof plate is provided on the outer side of the power battery compartment.

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