Elution liquid spray dryer in anthocyanin extraction and anthocyanin preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of spray dryers, and discloses an eluent spray dryer for anthocyanin extraction and a method for preparing anthocyanin. The present invention solves the problem that anthocyanin particles are prone to agglomeration during the scraping process. The eluent spray dryer for anthocyanin extraction and the method for preparing anthocyanin, through the setting of a lifting component, an air-blowing component B, and a material-hanging component in the drying mechanism, during the drying process of the eluent, the scraping work is carried out reciprocally downward through four groups of equidistant silica gel pads and the installation arc plates. Through the setting of a short-distance multi-group material-hanging structure, the prevention of anthocyanin particle agglomeration is initially realized. During the lifting process, the air in the air storage pipe B is discharged from the air delivery pipe B through extrusion and ejected through the air duct nozzle, and the scraped anthocyanin particles are sprayed and dispersed, further preventing agglomeration, and finally achieving the purpose of preventing anthocyanin particles from agglomerating during the scraping process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of spray dryers, in particular to an eluent spray dryer for anthocyanin extraction and an anthocyanin preparation method. Background Art

[0002] The spray dryer is mainly composed of a drying chamber, an atomizer, a hot air system, etc. The drying chamber is made of stable material, resistant to high temperature and corrosion. The atomizer can accurately atomize the eluent into tiny droplets. For example, the pressure atomizer can work stably under a specific pressure. The hot air system can provide hot air with suitable temperature and flow rate to ensure that the eluent droplets are in efficient contact with the hot air in the drying chamber, so that the solvent evaporates quickly and anthocyanins form dry powder, realizing a fast and efficient drying process.

[0003] The existing Chinese patent with publication number CN221867409U discloses a spray dryer, comprising: a tower body, a removable cover plate is provided on the top; a rotating shaft is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the feed pipe; a support plate is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft; a linear motion part is provided in the support plate and its output end is connected to the mounting seat; a scraper, a mounting head is provided at the top end thereof to match the mounting hole on the side of the mounting seat, a fixing rod is slidably penetrated through the sliding hole at the top of the mounting seat, a fixing groove is provided on the upper surface of the mounting head, and a fixing groove is provided on the wall of the sliding hole. A groove is provided in which a locking rod is slidably provided to cooperate with a locking hole on the rod body of the fixing rod, a boss is provided on the periphery of the locking rod to slide with a secondary groove of the groove wall, an electromagnet is provided on the groove wall of the groove away from the fixing rod, and a magnetic suction piece is provided on the end face of the locking rod. The new type provides a spray dryer so that the scraper is always in contact with the inner side wall of the tower body to ensure the scraping and cleaning effect. However, when the device is scraping the wall, the anthocyanin particles scraped off are prone to agglomeration under the continuous rotation of the scraper, which affects the quality of the final product.

[0004] In view of the above problems, a spray dryer for eluent in anthocyanin extraction and a method for preparing anthocyanin are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an eluent spray dryer for anthocyanin extraction and an anthocyanin preparation method. The device is used to work, thereby solving the problem of anthocyanin particles easily agglomerating during the wall scraping process in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A spray dryer for the eluent in anthocyanin extraction, comprising a chassis, on the upper surface of the chassis are provided a storage barrel and a heater, inside the storage barrel is provided a liquid pump, inside the heater is provided a blower, below the chassis is provided a cyclone separator for recovering hot air, fixedly connected inside the chassis is a drying mechanism for drying the extracted anthocyanin, between the storage barrel and the drying mechanism is provided a feed pipe, fixedly connected between the heater and the drying mechanism is an intake pipe, the cyclone separator is connected to one side of the drying mechanism, and at the bottom surface of the drying mechanism is provided a collection tank for collecting anthocyanin;

[0007] The drying mechanism includes a drying cylinder arranged inside the chassis, fixedly connected between the drying cylinder and the inner wall of the chassis are fixing blocks, at the bottom end of the drying cylinder is fixedly connected a discharge pipe, at the bottom end of the discharge pipe is fixedly connected a collection tank, on the upper surface of the drying cylinder is fixedly connected a top box, fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top box is a motor A, the output end of the motor A is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft A, at one end of the rotating shaft A is fixedly connected a bevel gear A, one end of the feed pipe is rotatably connected to a rotary joint, fixedly connected to the outside of the rotary joint is a bevel gear B, at the bottom surface of the rotary joint is fixedly connected a reciprocating threaded rod, the reciprocating threaded rod is of a hollow structure, at the bottom surface of the reciprocating threaded rod is fixedly connected an atomizing spray disc, fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying cylinder is a sleeve, the sleeve is sleeved outside the reciprocating threaded rod, on the outside of the sleeve are provided side grooves, slidably connected to the outside of the sleeve is a lifting component for controlling the lifting, at the bottom surface of the lifting component is fixedly connected a connecting vertical rod, on one side of the connecting vertical rod is fixedly connected a connecting support rod, at one end of the connecting support rod is fixedly connected a scraping component for scraping the anthocyanin particles adhering to the inner wall of the drying cylinder, there are four groups of the connecting support rods and the scraping components, and the four groups of the connecting support rods and the scraping components are equidistantly arranged along the inner wall of the drying cylinder from top to bottom, on the upper surface of the lifting component is fixedly connected a blowing component B for blowing air to disperse the anthocyanin, at the bottom of the drying cylinder is provided a separating component for screening the agglomerated anthocyanin, and at the bottom of the drying cylinder is also provided a powder grinding component for crushing the agglomerated anthocyanin.

[0008] Furthermore, the lifting component includes a lifting frame slidably connected to the outside of the sleeve. A convex block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lifting frame. The convex block is slidably connected inside the side groove and also slidably connected inside the reciprocating threaded rod. A transverse groove is formed inside the lifting frame. There are two groups of the transverse grooves, and the two groups of transverse grooves are symmetrically arranged. A slider is slidably connected inside the transverse groove. Inner grooves are formed on the inner wall of the transverse groove. Limiting blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the slider. The limiting blocks are slidably connected inside the inner grooves. A spring A is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting block. One end of the spring A is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner groove. One side of the slider is movably connected to a transverse plate. One end of the transverse plate is fixedly connected to an inclined block A. An inclined groove is provided on the inner wall of the transverse groove. One side of the inclined block A is in contact with the inclined groove. Compression grooves are formed on both sides of the inclined block A. A spring B is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the compression groove. One end of the spring B is fixedly connected to a positioning block. The positioning block is slidably connected inside the compression groove. When the reciprocating threaded rod rotates, the convex block drives the lifting frame to move up and down reciprocally under the limiting action of the side groove and the rotational transmission action of the reciprocating threaded rod. An activity groove is formed on the inner wall of the inclined groove. The activity groove is adapted to the positioning block. A top block is slidably connected inside the activity groove. A limiting disk is fixedly connected to the outside of the top block. An inclined block B is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top block.

[0009] Furthermore, an L-shaped pressing plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve. An upper baffle is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting frame. The L-shaped pressing plate and the upper baffle are arranged correspondingly.

[0010] Furthermore, the scraping component includes a mounting arc plate fixedly connected to one end of the connecting support rod. A silica gel pad is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting arc plate. The mounting arc plate is of a hollow structure. Both the mounting arc plate and the silica gel pad are semi-circular arc structures.

[0011] Furthermore, the air-blowing component B includes side plates fixedly connected to the outside of the lifting frame. There are two groups of the side plates, and the two groups of side plates are symmetrically arranged. An air delivery pipe B is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the side plate. An air storage pipe B is sleeved outside the air delivery pipe B. A sealing plate B is fixedly connected to the upper end of the air delivery pipe B. A one-way pressure valve D is arranged inside the sealing plate B. A filter A is fixedly connected to the upper end of the air storage pipe B. A one-way pressure valve C is arranged at the connection between the air storage pipe B and the filter A. Both the side plate and the inside of the lifting frame are of hollow structures. A gas guiding hose is fixedly connected to the outside of the slider. The gas guiding hose is communicated with the inside of the lifting frame. Both the connecting vertical rod and the connecting support rod are of hollow structures. A nozzle is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting arc plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the partitioning component includes an annular plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying cylinder. A vibration groove is formed on the inner wall of the annular plate. An annular filter screen is arranged inside the vibration groove. A spring C is fixedly connected between the annular filter screen and the inner wall of the vibration groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the grinding component includes an inner box arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder, a support plate is fixedly connected between the inner box and the inner wall of the drying cylinder, a motor B is arranged inside the inner box, a rotating shaft B is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor B, a conical disk is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft B, the conical disk is arranged inside the annular filter, a grinding roller is rotatably connected to the outer side of the conical disk, and the grinding roller is in contact with the surface of the annular filter.

[0014] Furthermore, magnetic blocks are arranged inside the annular filter screen, and there are two groups of magnetic blocks in total. The two groups of magnetic blocks are symmetrically arranged, and the rolling roller is magnetic, and the rolling roller and the magnetic blocks repel each other magnetically.

[0015] Furthermore, an air blowing component A for replenishing gas to the two groups of scraping components arranged below is provided inside the drying cylinder, and the air blowing component A includes an air supply pipe A fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting arc plate, an air storage pipe A is sleeved on the outside of the air supply pipe A, a sealing plate A is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the air supply pipe A, a one-way pressure valve B is provided inside the sealing plate A, a breathing valve is provided inside the air storage pipe A, a partition is provided inside the connecting vertical rod, and the partition is provided between the two groups of connecting support rods that are symmetrical up and down.

[0016] The present invention provides another technical solution: providing a method for preparing anthocyanidins, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. Place the plant raw material in clean water and stir gently to remove dust and impurities attached to the surface, then drain the water naturally to remove excess water, use a citric acid aqueous solution with a pH value of 3-5 as an extraction solvent, and fully mix the treated plant raw material with the extraction solvent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, and maintain the temperature range of 30-60° C. for 3 hours. Stir continuously during the extraction to ensure that the raw material is fully in contact with the solvent to promote the dissolution of anthocyanins;

[0018] S2. After the extraction is completed, the extract is separated from the residue by filtering with filter paper to obtain a preliminary extract, and the extract is concentrated by vacuum distillation. During the vacuum distillation process, the distillation temperature is controlled at 40-50° C. to obtain a concentrated crude extract, and the concentrated crude extract is vacuum dried at a temperature of 30-40° C. to obtain a dry crude extract powder;

[0019] S3, dissolving the crude extract powder in a solvent and passing it through a chromatography column filled with an ion exchange resin adsorbent, anthocyanins will be adsorbed to the adsorbent and retained on the chromatography column, while other impurities will flow out with the solvent, and then the anthocyanins adsorbed on the chromatography column will be eluted by adjusting the pH value of the elution solvent, and the eluate containing high-purity anthocyanins will be collected;

[0020] S4. Preheat by circulating hot air between 120 - 150°C inside the spray dryer, with the preheating duration controlled between 20 - 30 minutes. After filtering the eluate containing anthocyanins using a filter with a pore size of 0.45 - 1μm, introduce it into the spray dryer and spray it out through the atomizing nozzle. Set the inlet air temperature between 150 - 200°C, and generally control the outlet air temperature between 80 - 110°C. Monitor the outlet air temperature in real-time to understand the progress of the drying process and the drying degree of the product. The atomized eluate is sprayed into the drying chamber, making full contact with the hot air. Solid components such as anthocyanins gradually form dry powder particles. The scraping component is used to scrape off the particles adhering to the inner wall. Finally, the air flow enters the cyclone separator, and the dried anthocyanin powder particles fall into the collection container at the bottom of the drying chamber, completing the preparation work.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] In the spray dryer for eluate and the method for preparing anthocyanins proposed by the present invention, through the settings of the lifting component, air-blowing component B, and scraping component in the drying mechanism, during the drying process of the eluate, the scraping work on the wall is carried out reciprocally downward through four groups of equally spaced silica gel pads and the installation arc plates. Through the setting of the short-distance and multi-group scraping components, the agglomeration of anthocyanin particles is initially prevented. During the lifting process, the air in the air storage pipe B is discharged from the air delivery pipe B through extrusion and sprayed out through the air duct nozzle to disperse the scraped anthocyanin particles, further preventing agglomeration. The lower partition component and milling component screen the dried anthocyanins, driving the filter screen to vibrate while rotating and rolling, ensuring that the fallen anthocyanin particles are all of qualified size. Finally, the purpose of preventing the agglomeration of anthocyanin particles during the wall scraping process and discharging is achieved. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drying mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drying cylinder of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the slider and the cross plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the lifting component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the top block installation structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the air-blowing component B of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 Planar schematic diagram of the air-blowing component B of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the material scraping component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the powder grinding component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the partitioning component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 Planar schematic diagram of the air-blowing component A of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1, chassis; 2, drying mechanism; 21, drying cylinder; 211, fixed block; 212, discharge pipe; 213, sleeve; 214, L-shaped pressing plate; 215, side groove; 216, reciprocating threaded rod; 22, top box; 221, motor A; 222, rotating shaft A; 223, bevel gear A; 224, rotary joint; 225, bevel gear B; 23, lifting component; 231, lifting frame; 2311, inner groove; 2312, inclined groove; 2313, upper baffle; 2314, convex block; 232, slider; 233, cross plate; 2331, inclined block A; 2332, positioning block; 2333, spring B; 234, limiting block; 235, air guide hose; 236, spring A; 237, top block; 2371, inclined block B; 2372, limiting disc; 24, material scraping component; 241, mounting arc plate; 242, silica gel pad; 243, nozzle; 25, connecting vertical rod; 251, connecting support rod; 26, air-blowing component A; 261, air delivery pipe A; 262, one-way pressure valve A; 263, sealing plate A; 264, one-way pressure valve B; 265, air storage pipe A; 266, breathing valve; 27, air-blowing component B; 271, air storage pipe B; 2711, one-way pressure valve C; 272, air delivery pipe B; 273, filter A; 274, side plate; 275, sealing plate B; 276, one-way pressure valve D; 28, partitioning component; 281, annular plate; 282, annular filter screen; 283, spring C; 284, magnetic block; 29, powder grinding component; 291, inner box; 292, support plate; 293, conical disc; 294, rolling roller; 3, storage bin; 31, feed pipe; 4, heater; 41, intake pipe; 5, cyclone separator; 6, collection tank; 7, atomizing spray disc. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] To further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Combined Figures 1 - 3 , in the spray dryer for the eluent in anthocyanin extraction, it includes a chassis 1. A storage barrel 3 and a heater 4 are arranged on the upper surface of the chassis 1. A liquid pump is arranged inside the storage barrel 3, and a blower is arranged inside the heater 4. A cyclone separator 5 for recovering hot air is arranged below the chassis 1. A drying mechanism 2 for drying the extracted anthocyanin is fixedly connected inside the chassis 1. A feed pipe 31 is arranged between the storage barrel 3 and the drying mechanism 2. An air inlet pipe 41 is fixedly connected between the heater 4 and the drying mechanism 2. The cyclone separator 5 is communicated with one side of the drying mechanism 2. A collection tank 6 for collecting anthocyanin is arranged on the bottom surface of the drying mechanism 2;

[0040] The drying mechanism 2 includes a drying cylinder 21 arranged inside the chassis 1. There are fixed blocks 211 fixedly connected between the drying cylinder 21 and the inner wall of the chassis 1. The bottom end of the drying cylinder 21 is fixedly connected with a discharge pipe 212, and the bottom end of the discharge pipe 212 is fixedly connected with a collection tank 6. The upper surface of the drying cylinder 21 is fixedly connected with a top box 22. The inner wall of the top box 22 is fixedly connected with a motor A 221. The output end of the motor A 221 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft A 222. One end of the rotating shaft A 222 is fixedly connected with a bevel gear A 223. One end of the feed pipe 31 is rotatably connected with a rotary joint 224. The outside of the rotary joint 224 is fixedly connected with a bevel gear B 225. The bottom surface of the rotary joint 224 is fixedly connected with a reciprocating threaded rod 216. The reciprocating threaded rod 216 is of a hollow structure. The bottom surface of the reciprocating threaded rod 216 is fixedly connected with an atomizing spray disc 7. The inner wall of the drying cylinder 21 is fixedly connected with a sleeve 213. The sleeve 213 is sleeved outside the reciprocating threaded rod 216. A side groove 215 is opened on the outside of the sleeve 213. A lifting component 23 for controlling lifting is slidably connected to the outside of the sleeve 213. The bottom surface of the lifting component 23 is fixedly connected with a connecting vertical rod 25. One side of the connecting vertical rod 25 is fixedly connected with a connecting support rod 251. One end of the connecting support rod 251 is fixedly connected with a scraping component 24 for scraping the anthocyanin particles adhering to the inner wall of the drying cylinder 21. There are four groups of the connecting support rod 251 and the scraping component 24. The four groups of the connecting support rod 251 and the scraping component 24 are arranged equidistantly from top to bottom along the inner wall of the drying cylinder 21. The upper surface of the lifting component 23 is fixedly connected with a blowing component B 27 for blowing air to disperse the anthocyanin. A separating component 28 for screening agglomerated anthocyanin is arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder 21. A powder grinding component 29 for crushing the agglomerated anthocyanin is also arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder 21. When drying the eluent to extract anthocyanin, the air is heated by the heater 4 and then introduced into the drying cylinder 21 through the air inlet pipe 41. Then, the eluent in the storage cylinder 3 is led to the drying cylinder 21 through the feed pipe 31 by the liquid pump. At the same time, the motor A 221 is started. The motor A 221 drives the rotating shaft A 222 and the bevel gear A 223 to rotate. The rotary joint 224, the reciprocating threaded rod 216 and the atomizing spray disc 7 are driven by the bevel gear B 225 to rotate. The liquid is atomized and sprayed out through the atomizing spray disc 7, and the drying work is completed in cooperation with the hot air. During the rotation of the reciprocating threaded rod 216, the lifting component 23 moves up and down under the limiting action of the reciprocating threaded rod 216 and the side groove 215, driving the connecting vertical rod 25 and the connecting support rod 251 to move up and down. The inner part is scraped by the four groups of scraping components 24. The scraping distance of each group of scraping components 24 is the lifting height of the lifting component 23, preventing excessive one-time scraping distance from causing anthocyanin agglomeration. During the lifting of the lifting component 23, power is provided for the blowing component B 27. The blowing component B 27 guides the compressed air to the scraping component 24, and while scraping the wall, the scraped anthocyanin particles are further dispersed, enhancing the scraping effect and further preventing anthocyanin agglomeration. The dried anthocyanin passes through the filtration of the separating component 28 and the crushing of the powder grinding component 29.Further improve the product quality.

[0041] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 - 13 , the lifting member 23 includes a lifting frame 231 slidably connected to the outside of the sleeve 213. A convex block 2314 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lifting frame 231. The convex block 2314 is slidably connected to the inside of the side groove 215 and is also slidably connected to the inside of the reciprocating threaded rod 216. A transverse groove is formed inside the lifting frame 231. There are two groups of the transverse grooves, and the two groups of transverse grooves are symmetrically arranged. A slider 232 is slidably connected to the inside of the transverse groove. Inner grooves 2311 are formed on the inner wall of the transverse groove. Limiting blocks 234 are fixedly connected to both sides of the slider 232. The limiting blocks 234 are slidably connected to the inside of the inner grooves 2311. A spring A 236 is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting block 234. One end of the spring A 236 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner groove 2311. One side of the slider 232 is movably connected to a transverse plate 233. One end of the transverse plate 233 is fixedly connected to an inclined block A 2331. An inclined groove 2312 is provided on the inner wall of the transverse groove. One side of the inclined block A 2331 is in contact with the inclined groove 2312. Compression grooves are formed on both sides of the inclined block A 2331. A spring B 2333 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the compression groove. One end of the spring B 2333 is fixedly connected to a positioning block 2332. The positioning block 2332 is slidably connected to the inside of the compression groove. When the reciprocating threaded rod 216 rotates, under the limiting action of the side groove 215 and the rotational driving action of the reciprocating threaded rod 216, the convex block 2314 drives the lifting frame 231 to reciprocate up and down. An activity groove is formed on the inner wall of the inclined groove 2312, and the activity groove is adapted to the positioning block 2332. A top block 237 is slidably connected to the inside of the activity groove. A limiting disk 2372 is fixedly connected to the outside of the top block 237. An inclined block B 2371 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top block 237. When the reciprocating threaded rod 216 rotates, under the limiting action of the side groove 215 and the rotational driving action of the reciprocating threaded rod 216, the convex block 2314 drives the lifting frame 231 to reciprocate up and down. During the downward movement, the positioning block 2332 is inserted into the activity groove. The bottom end of the top block 237 is below the lifting frame 231, and the spring A 236 is in a stretched state. When the lifting frame 231 moves downward to the surface of the atomizing spray disk 7, the atomizing spray disk 7 is used to squeeze the top block 237 into the activity groove, and the inclined block B 2371 is used to squeeze the positioning block 2332 into the compression groove. Under the restoring force of the spring A 236, the limiting block 234 and the slider 232 are driven to move towards the inclined groove 2312, and the transverse plate 233 is inclined and moves upward along the inclined groove 2312, so as to achieve the effect that when scraping the wall and reaching the lowest position, the scraping member 24 is separated from the contact with the inner wall of the drying cylinder 21.

[0043] A L-shaped pressing plate 214 is fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve 213. An upper baffle 2313 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting frame 231. The L-shaped pressing plate 214 and the upper baffle 2313 are arranged correspondingly. When the lifting frame 231 moves upward, the upper baffle 2313 contacts the bottom surface of the L-shaped pressing plate 214. At the same time, the lower end of the L-shaped pressing plate 214 squeezes the cross plate 233, so that the inclined block A2331 slides down along the inclined groove 2312 until the positioning block 2332 corresponds to the movable groove and drives the positioning block 2332 to insert under the action of the spring B2333. At the same time, the slider 232 and the limiting block 234 are reset synchronously, so that the scraping component 24 fits the inner wall of the drying cylinder 21 again.

[0044] The scraping component 24 includes a mounting arc plate 241 fixedly connected to one end of the connecting support rod 251. A silica gel pad 242 is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting arc plate 241. The mounting arc plate 241 is a hollow structure. Both the mounting arc plate 241 and the silica gel pad 242 are semi-circular arc structures. The inner wall of the drying cylinder 21 is scraped by using the mounting arc plate 241 and the silica gel pad 242. The hollow structure of the mounting arc plate 241 leaves an air passage for subsequent air inflation.

[0045] The air inflation component B27 includes side plates 274 fixedly connected to the outside of the lifting frame 231. There are two groups of the side plates 274, and the two groups of side plates 274 are symmetrically arranged. An air delivery pipe B272 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the side plate 274. An air storage pipe B271 is sleeved outside the air delivery pipe B272. A sealing plate B275 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the air delivery pipe B272. A one-way pressure valve D276 is arranged inside the sealing plate B275. A filter A273 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the air storage pipe B271. A one-way pressure valve C2711 is arranged at the connection between the air storage pipe B271 and the filter A273. The interiors of both the side plate 274 and the lifting frame 231 are hollow structures. A gas guiding hose 235 is fixedly connected to the outside of the slider 232. The gas guiding hose 235 communicates with the inside of the lifting frame 231. The interiors of both the connecting vertical rod 25 and the connecting support rod 251 are hollow structures. A nozzle 243 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting arc plate 241. When the lifting frame 231 moves upward, it drives the side plate 274, the air delivery pipe B272 and the sealing plate B275 to move upward, squeezing the air inside the air storage pipe B271. The internal air flows downward through the one-way pressure valve D276 and is transmitted through the hollow structures of the side plate 274, the lifting frame 231, the connecting vertical rod 25, the connecting support rod 251, the mounting arc plate 241 and the gas guiding hose 235, and finally sprays out from the nozzle 243, realizing downward air jet during the upward process of scraping the wall to disperse the possibly agglomerated anthocyanins.

[0046] The separating component 28 includes an annular plate 281 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying cylinder 21. A vibration groove is provided on the inner wall of the annular plate 281. An annular filter screen 282 is arranged inside the vibration groove. A spring C283 is fixedly connected between the annular filter screen 282 and the inner wall of the vibration groove. The dried anthocyanins fall on the surface of the annular filter screen 282 for screening, leaving larger anthocyanin clusters. The spring C283 and the vibration groove leave space for subsequent vibration.

[0047] The powder grinding component 29 includes an inner box 291 arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder 21. A support plate 292 is fixedly connected between the inner box 291 and the inner wall of the drying cylinder 21. A motor B is arranged inside the inner box 291. The output end of the motor B is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft B. One end of the rotating shaft B is fixedly connected to a conical disk 293. The conical disk 293 is arranged inside the annular filter screen 282. A rolling roller 294 is rotatably connected to the outside of the conical disk 293. The rolling roller 294 is in contact with the surface of the annular filter screen 282. During the drying process, the motor B is turned on. The motor B drives the rotating shaft B and the conical disk 293 to rotate, and the anthocyanin particles on the surface of the annular filter screen 282 are rolled by the rotation of the rolling roller 294.

[0048] Two magnetic blocks 284 are arranged inside the annular filter screen 282. The two magnetic blocks 284 are symmetrically arranged. The rolling roller 294 has magnetism, and the rolling roller 294 and the magnetic blocks 284 repel each other magnetically. During the rotation of the conical disk 293, due to the magnetic repulsion between the rolling roller 294 and the magnetic blocks 284, the annular filter screen 282 vibrates up and down in the vibration groove under the cooperation of the spring C283, further enhancing the screening effect.

[0049] An air-blowing component A26 for supplementing gas to the two scraping components 24 arranged below is arranged inside the drying cylinder 21. The air-blowing component A26 includes an air delivery pipe A261 fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the installation arc plate 241. An air storage pipe A265 is sleeved outside the air delivery pipe A261. A sealing plate A263 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the air delivery pipe A261. A one-way pressure valve B264 is arranged inside the sealing plate A263. A breathing valve 266 is arranged inside the air storage pipe A265. A partition is arranged inside the connecting vertical rod 25, and the partition is arranged between the two symmetrically arranged connecting support rods 251. When the lowermost installation arc plate 241 moves upward, it drives the air delivery pipe A261 and the sealing plate A263 to move upward, squeezing the air inside the air storage pipe A265 upward and flowing into the air delivery pipe A261 through the one-way pressure valve A262 for air replenishment. When the installation arc plate 241 moves downward, when the sealing plate A263 moves downward, the air inside the air storage pipe A265 enters the upper part of the air storage pipe A265 through the one-way pressure valve B264 to supplement gas. The breathing valve 266 is used to balance the air pressure. The inside of the connecting vertical rod 25 is separated from the middle by the partition to ensure the air pressure for air blowing.

[0050] The present invention provides another technical solution: providing a method for preparing anthocyanidins, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1. Place the plant raw material in clean water and stir gently to remove dust and impurities attached to the surface, then drain the water naturally to remove excess water, use a citric acid aqueous solution with a pH value of 3-5 as an extraction solvent, and fully mix the treated plant raw material with the extraction solvent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, and maintain the temperature range of 30-60° C. for 3 hours. Stir continuously during the extraction to ensure that the raw material is fully in contact with the solvent to promote the dissolution of anthocyanins;

[0052] S2. After the extraction is completed, the extract is separated from the residue by filtering with filter paper to obtain a preliminary extract, and the extract is concentrated by vacuum distillation. During the vacuum distillation process, the distillation temperature is controlled at 40-50° C. to obtain a concentrated crude extract, and the concentrated crude extract is vacuum dried at a temperature of 30-40° C. to obtain a dry crude extract powder;

[0053] S3, dissolving the crude extract powder in a solvent and passing it through a chromatography column filled with an ion exchange resin adsorbent, anthocyanins will be adsorbed to the adsorbent and retained on the chromatography column, while other impurities will flow out with the solvent, and then the anthocyanins adsorbed on the chromatography column will be eluted by adjusting the pH value of the elution solvent, and the eluate containing high-purity anthocyanins will be collected;

[0054] S4. Use hot air between 120-150°C to circulate inside the spray dryer for preheating. The preheating time is controlled between 20-30 minutes. Use a 0.45-1μm filter to filter the eluent containing anthocyanins, pass it into the spray dryer and spray it out through an atomizing nozzle. Set the inlet air temperature between 150-200°C and the outlet air temperature between 80-110°C. The progress of the drying process and the degree of dryness of the product can be monitored in real time. The atomized eluent is sprayed into the drying chamber and fully contacts with the hot air. Solid components such as anthocyanins gradually form dry powder particles. The scraping component is used to scrape off the particles attached to the inner wall. Finally, the air flow enters the cyclone separator. The dried anthocyanin powder particles fall into the collection container at the bottom of the drying chamber to complete the preparation work.

[0055] Specifically, when extracting anthocyanins from the dried eluent, the air is heated by the heater 4 and then introduced into the interior of the drying cylinder 21 through the air inlet pipe 41. Then, the eluent in the storage cylinder 3 is led to the drying cylinder 21 through the feed pipe 31 by the liquid pump. At the same time, the motor A221 is started. The motor A221 drives the rotating shaft A222 and the bevel gear A223 to rotate, drives the rotary joint 224, the reciprocating threaded rod 216 and the atomizing disc 7 to rotate through the bevel gear B225, atomizes and sprays the liquid through the atomizing disc 7, and cooperates with the hot air to complete the drying work. During the rotation of the reciprocating threaded rod 216, under the limiting action of the side groove 215 and the rotational drive of the reciprocating threaded rod 216, the convex block 2314 drives the lifting frame 231 to reciprocate up and down. During the downward movement, the positioning block 2332 is inserted into the movable groove. The bottom end of the top block 237 is below the lifting frame 231, and the spring A236 is in a stretched state. When the lifting frame 231 moves downward to the surface of the atomizing disc 7, the atomizing disc 7 is used to squeeze the top block 237 into the movable groove, and the positioning block 2332 is squeezed into the compression groove by the inclined block B2371. Under the restoring force of the spring A236, the limiting block 234 and the slider 232 are driven to move in the direction of the inclined groove 2312, the cross plate 233 is inclined and moves upward along the inclined groove 2312, realizing the effect that when scraping to the lowest position, the silica gel pad 242 is separated from the inner wall of the drying cylinder 21. When the lifting frame 231 moves upward, the upper baffle 2313 contacts the bottom surface of the L-shaped pressing plate 214. At the same time, the lower end of the L-shaped pressing plate 214 is used to squeeze the cross plate 233, so that the inclined block A2331 slides down along the inclined groove 2312 until the positioning block 2332 corresponds to the movable groove and drives the positioning block 2332 to be inserted under the action of the spring B2333. At the same time, the slider 232 and the limiting block 234 are reset synchronously, so that the silica gel pad 242 fits again with the inner wall of the drying cylinder 21. Repeating the above process realizes the scraping wall work;

[0056] In addition, when the lifting frame 231 moves upward, it drives the side plate 274, the air delivery pipe B 272, and the sealing plate B 275 to move upward, squeezing the air inside the air storage pipe B 271. The air flows downward through the one-way pressure valve D 276, and through the transmission of the hollow structures of the side plate 274, the lifting frame 231, the connecting vertical rod 25, the connecting support rod 251, the mounting arc plate 241, and the air guide hose 235, and finally sprays out from the nozzle 243, realizing downward air jet during the upward movement of the scraping wall, blowing away the possibly agglomerated anthocyanins. The dried anthocyanins fall on the surface of the annular filter screen 282 for screening, leaving the larger anthocyanin agglomerates. During the drying process, the motor B is turned on. The motor B drives the rotating shaft B and the conical disc 293 to rotate, and the particles are thrown outwards by centrifugal force. The rotating rolling roller 294 rolls over the anthocyanin particles on the surface of the annular filter screen 282, pressing them into smaller non-agglomerated particles. At the same time, by the magnetic repulsion between the rolling roller 294 and the magnet 284, the annular filter screen 282 vibrates up and down in the vibration groove under the cooperation of the spring C 283, further enhancing the screening effect, and finally achieving the purpose of preventing anthocyanin particles from agglomerating during scraping and discharging.

[0057] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An eluent spray dryer in anthocyanin extraction, comprising a chassis (1), a storage barrel (3) and a heater (4) are arranged on the upper surface of the chassis (1), a liquid pump is arranged inside the storage barrel (3), a blower is arranged inside the heater (4), a cyclone separator (5) for recovering hot air is arranged below the chassis (1), and it is characterized in that: Inside the chassis (1), there is a drying mechanism (2) fixedly connected for drying and extracting anthocyanins. An inlet pipe (31) is arranged between the storage cylinder (3) and the drying mechanism (2). An inlet air pipe (41) is fixedly connected between the heater (4) and the drying mechanism (2). A cyclone separator (5) is connected to one side of the drying mechanism (2). A collection tank (6) for collecting anthocyanins is arranged at the bottom of the drying mechanism (2). The drying mechanism (2) includes a drying cylinder (21) arranged inside the chassis (1). Fixed blocks (211) are fixedly connected between the drying cylinder (21) and the inner wall of the chassis (1). The bottom end of the drying cylinder (21) is fixedly connected with a discharge pipe (212). The bottom end of the discharge pipe (212) is fixedly connected with a collection tank (6). The upper surface of the drying cylinder (21) is fixedly connected with a top box (22). A motor A (221) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top box (22). The output end of the motor A (221) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft A (222). One end of the rotating shaft A (222) is fixedly connected with a bevel gear A (223). One end of the inlet pipe (31) is rotatably connected with a rotary joint (224). A bevel gear B (225) is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotary joint (224). A reciprocating threaded rod (216) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the rotary joint (224). The reciprocating threaded rod (216) is of a hollow structure. An atomizing spray disc (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the reciprocating threaded rod (216). A sleeve (213) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying cylinder (21). The sleeve (213) is sleeved outside the reciprocating threaded rod (216). Side grooves (215) are formed on the outside of the sleeve (213). A lifting component (23) for controlling lifting is slidably connected to the outside of the sleeve (213). A connecting vertical rod (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lifting component (23). A connecting support rod (251) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting vertical rod (25). A scraping component (24) for scraping the anthocyanin particles adhering to the inner wall of the drying cylinder (21) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting support rod (251). The connecting support rod (251) and the scraping component (24) are both provided with four groups. The four groups of connecting support rods (251) and scraping components (24) are arranged equidistantly from top to bottom along the inner wall of the drying cylinder (21). A blowing component B (27) for blowing air to disperse anthocyanins is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting component (23). A separating component (28) for screening agglomerated anthocyanins is arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder (21). A powder grinding component (29) for crushing agglomerated anthocyanins is also arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder (21). The lifting member (23) includes a lifting frame (231) slidably connected to the outside of the sleeve (213). A convex block (2314) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the lifting frame (231). The convex block (2314) is slidably connected inside the side groove (215) and also slidably connected inside the reciprocating threaded rod (216). A transverse groove is formed inside the lifting frame (231), and a slider (232) is slidably connected inside the transverse groove. One side of the slider (232) is movably connected to a transverse plate (233). One end of the transverse plate (233) is fixedly connected to an inclined block A (2331). An inclined groove (2312) is provided on the inner wall of the transverse groove. One side of the inclined block A (2331) is in contact with the inclined groove (2312). Compression grooves are formed on both sides of the inclined block A (2331). A spring B (2333) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the compression groove. One end of the spring B (2333) is fixedly connected to a positioning block (2332). An activity groove is formed on the inner wall of the inclined groove (2312), and the activity groove is adapted to the positioning block (2332). A top block (237) is slidably connected inside the activity groove. A limiting disc (2372) is fixedly connected to the outside of the top block (237). An inclined block B (2371) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top block (237). An inner groove (2311) is formed on the inner wall of the transverse groove. Limiting blocks (234) are fixedly connected to both sides of the slider (232). The limiting blocks (234) are slidably connected inside the inner groove (2311). A spring A (236) is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting block (234). One end of the spring A (236) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner groove (2311).

2. The eluent spray dryer in anthocyanin extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two groups of the transverse grooves, and the two groups of transverse grooves are symmetrically arranged. The positioning block (2332) is slidably connected inside the compression groove. When the reciprocating threaded rod (216) rotates, under the limiting action of the side groove (215) and the rotational driving action of the reciprocating threaded rod (216), the convex block (2314) drives the lifting frame (231) to move up and down reciprocally.

3. The eluent spray dryer in the anthocyanin extraction according to claim 2, characterized in that: An L-shaped pressing plate (214) is fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve (213). An upper baffle (2313) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting frame (231). The L-shaped pressing plate (214) and the upper baffle (2313) are arranged correspondingly.

4. The eluent spray dryer in the anthocyanin extraction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraping member (24) includes a mounting arc plate (241) fixedly connected to one end of a connecting support rod (251). A silica gel pad (242) is fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting arc plate (241). The mounting arc plate (241) is of a hollow structure. Both the mounting arc plate (241) and the silica gel pad (242) are semi-circular arc structures.

5. The eluent spray dryer in the anthocyanin extraction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air-blowing component B (27) includes side plates (274) fixedly connected to the outside of the lifting frame (231). There are two groups of the side plates (274), and the two groups of side plates (274) are symmetrically arranged. An air delivery pipe B (272) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the side plate (274). An air storage pipe B (271) is sleeved outside the air delivery pipe B (272). A sealing plate B (275) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the air delivery pipe B (272). A one-way pressure valve D (276) is arranged inside the sealing plate B (275). A filter A (273) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the air storage pipe B (271). A one-way pressure valve C (2711) is arranged at the connection between the air storage pipe B (271) and the filter A (273). The inside of both the side plate (274) and the lifting frame (231) is a hollow structure. A guide air hose (235) is fixedly connected to the outside of the slider (232). The guide air hose (235) is communicated with the inside of the lifting frame (231). The inside of both the connecting vertical rod (25) and the connecting support rod (251) is a hollow structure. A spray head (243) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting arc plate (241).

6. The eluent spray dryer in the anthocyanin extraction according to claim 1, wherein: The separating component (28) includes an annular plate (281) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying cylinder (21). A vibration groove is formed in the inner wall of the annular plate (281). An annular filter screen (282) is arranged inside the vibration groove. A spring C (283) is fixedly connected between the annular filter screen (282) and the inner wall of the vibration groove.

7. The eluent spray dryer in the anthocyanin extraction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The powder grinding component (29) includes an inner box (291) arranged at the bottom of the drying cylinder (21). A support plate (292) is fixedly connected between the inner box (291) and the inner wall of the drying cylinder (21). A motor B is arranged inside the inner box (291). The output end of the motor B is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft B. One end of the rotating shaft B is fixedly connected to a conical disc (293). The conical disc (293) is arranged inside the annular filter screen (282). A rolling roller (294) is rotatably connected to the outside of the conical disc (293). The rolling roller (294) is in contact with the surface of the annular filter screen (282).

8. The eluent spray dryer in the anthocyanin extraction according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two magnetic blocks (284) are arranged inside the annular filter screen (282). The two magnetic blocks (284) are symmetrically arranged. The rolling roller (294) has magnetism, and the rolling roller (294) and the magnetic blocks (284) repel each other magnetically.

9. The eluent spray dryer in the anthocyanin extraction according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air-blowing component A (26) for supplying gas to the two scraping components (24) arranged below is arranged inside the drying cylinder (21). The air-blowing component A (26) includes an air delivery pipe A (261) fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the mounting arc plate (241). An air storage pipe A (265) is sleeved outside the air delivery pipe A (261). A sealing plate A (263) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the air delivery pipe A (261). A one-way pressure valve B (264) is arranged inside the sealing plate A (263). A breathing valve (266) is arranged inside the air storage pipe A (265). A partition plate is arranged inside the connecting vertical rod (25), and the partition plate is arranged between the two connecting support rods (251) that are symmetrically arranged up and down.

10. A method for preparing anthocyanins, characterized in that: The method of using the spray dryer for eluent in anthocyanin extraction according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1. Place the plant raw material in clean water and stir gently to remove dust and impurities attached to the surface, then drain the water naturally to remove excess water, use a citric acid aqueous solution with a pH value of 3-5 as an extraction solvent, and fully mix the treated plant raw material with the extraction solvent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5, and maintain the temperature range of 30-60° C. for 3 hours. Stir continuously during the extraction to ensure that the raw material is fully in contact with the solvent to promote the dissolution of anthocyanins; S2. After the extraction is completed, the extract is separated from the residue by filtering with filter paper to obtain a preliminary extract, and the extract is concentrated by vacuum distillation. During the vacuum distillation process, the distillation temperature is controlled at 40-50° C. to obtain a concentrated crude extract, and the concentrated crude extract is vacuum dried at a temperature of 30-40° C. to obtain a dry crude extract powder; S3, dissolving the crude extract in a solvent and passing it through a chromatography column filled with an ion exchange resin adsorbent, anthocyanins will be adsorbed by the adsorbent and retained on the chromatography column, while other impurities will flow out with the solvent, and then the anthocyanins adsorbed on the chromatography column will be eluted by adjusting the pH value of the elution solvent, and the eluate containing high-purity anthocyanins will be collected; S4. Use hot air between 120-150°C to circulate inside the spray dryer for preheating. The preheating time is controlled between 20-30 minutes. Use a 0.45-1μm filter to filter the eluent containing anthocyanins, pass it into the spray dryer and spray it out through an atomizing nozzle. Set the inlet air temperature between 150-200°C and the outlet air temperature between 80-110°C. Monitor the outlet air temperature to understand the progress of the drying process and the degree of dryness of the product in real time. The atomized eluent is sprayed into the drying chamber and fully contacts with the hot air. The solid components gradually form dry powder particles. The scraping component is used to scrape off the particles attached to the inner wall. Finally, the air flow enters the cyclone separator. The dried anthocyanin powder particles fall into the collection container at the bottom of the drying chamber to complete the preparation work.

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