Hermetia illucens pupa shell crushing and protein extracting system

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of hermetia illucens processing, and provides a hermetia illucens pupa shell crushing and protein extracting system which comprises a freezing assembly, a crushing assembly, a drying assembly and an extracting assembly which are used for treating hermetia illucens pupa shells in sequence, and the freezing assembly comprises a box body and a freezing mechanism arranged in the box body; the crushing assembly comprises a crushing bin capable of crushing hermetia illucens pupa shells and a crushing mechanism arranged in the crushing bin, the drying assembly comprises a drying box and a spraying mechanism arranged at the top of the drying box, and the extraction assembly comprises a horizontally-arranged reaction tank. According to the device, the problems that in order to ensure uniform crushing of pupa shells, excessive crushing of pupa shell substances is caused, and the subsequent protein extraction efficiency is affected are solved, and the effects that it is ensured that the hermetia illucens pupa shells are crushed sufficiently and uniformly through freezing, the activity and composition of hermetia illucens pupa shell protein are not changed in the drying process, and subsequent extraction is facilitated are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of black soldier fly processing, and more specifically, to a black soldier fly pupa shell crushing and protein extraction system. Background Art

[0002] The black soldier fly pupa shell contains abundant biomolecules, such as protein, chitin and melanin, among which protein has good nutritional and functional properties and has great application prospects in the fields of food, medicine, environmental protection and high-performance materials. The protein in the black soldier fly pupa shell can be extracted by chemical methods (such as using acid, alkali or salt solution). For example, an alkaline solution (such as NaOH) can be used to dissolve the protein, and then the protein can be precipitated by adjusting the pH value to the isoelectric point or using salting out.

[0003] The surface area of ​​the black soldier fly pupa shell powder can be increased by mechanical crushing, which is convenient for protein extraction in the subsequent alkaline dissolution process. In the prior art, the cleaned black soldier fly pupa shell is generally dried to remove the surface moisture before mechanical crushing. However, due to the different hardness of the black soldier fly pupa shells during the crushing process, if the shells cannot be separated in time after the crushing process, but continue to be crushed together with the uncrushed shells, the pupa shells will be over-crushed, and the over-crushing of the pupa shell material will cause the release of impurities, the destruction of the protein structure, etc., and thus affect the subsequent protein extraction efficiency.

[0004] At the same time, the mechanical crushing process of the black soldier fly pupa shell should be carried out without destroying the activity of the protein to ensure that the extracted protein maintains its nutritional value and functional characteristics. In the prior art, the black soldier fly pupa shell is mostly dried by microwave drying, which can quickly transfer microwave energy to the material, accelerate the evaporation of water, and at the same time utilize the penetration performance of microwaves to heat the surface and interior of the material and the pile at the same time, ensuring that the internal and external temperatures are consistent, thereby achieving more uniform and thorough drying. However, the penetration of microwaves during microwave drying will cause changes in the amino acid composition and chemical structure of the protein, thereby affecting the extraction of the protein and its biological activity. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a black soldier fly pupae shell crushing and protein extraction system which ensures that the black soldier fly pupae shells are fully and evenly crushed by freezing, and ensures that the activity and composition of the black soldier fly pupae shell proteins do not change during the drying process, thereby facilitating the subsequent extraction of proteins and other biological molecules.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The invention discloses a black soldier fly pupa shell crushing and protein extraction system, comprising a freezing component, a crushing component, a drying component and an extraction component for sequentially processing the black soldier fly pupa shells, wherein the freezing component comprises a box body and a freezing mechanism arranged inside the box body, the crushing component comprises a crushing bin for crushing the black soldier fly pupa shells and a crushing mechanism arranged inside the crushing bin, the drying component comprises a drying box and a spraying mechanism arranged on the top of the drying box, and the extraction component comprises a horizontally arranged reaction tank; wherein the freezing mechanism comprises a ventilation pipe arranged inside the box body and a plurality of nozzles arranged on the ventilation pipe, a screening plate is arranged inside the crushing bin, and the spraying mechanism comprises a feeding pipe arranged through the drying box and a plurality of connecting pipes arranged around the feeding pipe.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: the refrigeration mechanism is symmetrically arranged in two groups with respect to the box body, and each group of the ventilation pipes is provided with a regulating valve close to the side wall of the box body.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: a feed port is provided at one end of the box body and a discharge port is provided at the other end; a plurality of groups of support rods are provided inside the box body; a mounting frame is installed at the bottom of the box body; a conveying mechanism is provided inside the box body; the conveying mechanism includes two groups of symmetrically arranged conveying frames and a rotating disk arranged along the conveying frames, and one end of one group of the conveying frames is connected to a motor.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, before the black soldier fly pupae shells are crushed, the cleaned black soldier fly pupae shells are first placed inside the tray, the tray is transported to the inside of the box by the conveying mechanism, the flow of liquid nitrogen is adjusted by the regulating valve, the liquid nitrogen enters the ventilation pipe, and then is discharged through the nozzle on the ventilation pipe, and finally contacts the black soldier fly pupae shells placed inside the tray, thereby realizing the rapid freezing of the black soldier fly pupae shells.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: a base frame is installed at the bottom of the crushing bin, the top of the crushing bin is connected to a feed bin, the bottom is connected to a discharge port, and a plurality of screening holes are opened on the screening plate.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: the crushing mechanism includes a crushing motor arranged on a base frame, a main shaft arranged inside a crushing bin, and multiple groups of cutter discs arranged along the main shaft; the crushing motor is connected to the main shaft via a pulley; multiple groups of cutter shafts are arranged around two groups of cutter discs, and each group of cutter shafts is provided with a blade.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: the feed bin comprises a receiving hopper arranged on the side wall of the crushing bin and a receiving opening opened on the crushing bin, and an adjusting plate is slidably installed on the top of the receiving opening.

[0014] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the black soldier fly pupae shells are frozen, they enter the crushing bin and are crushed by the rotation of the blades. The completely crushed frozen powder falls onto the screening plate under the action of gravity and can continue to enter the discharge port through the screening holes to complete the discharge, thereby separating the completely crushed frozen powder from the crushing bin in time, avoiding the completely crushed frozen powder from continuing to be crushed together with the incompletely crushed frozen powder in the crushing bin, resulting in excessive crushing, causing the release of impurities, destruction of protein structure, etc., and affecting the subsequent protein extraction efficiency.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: two groups of first arc plates are symmetrically arranged inside the drying box, a second arc plate is arranged on one side of the first arc plate, multiple groups of heating tubes are arranged between the first arc plate and the second arc plate, the heating tubes are arranged in a vertical direction, and a material receiving tray is arranged at the bottom of the drying box.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: a bracket is provided at the bottom of the feed pipe, the bracket is connected to the top of the drying box, and each group of the connecting pipes is installed on the bracket and is connected to the feed pipe upward.

[0017] The present invention is further configured as follows: a plurality of groups of spray heads are arranged around the bottom of each group of connecting pipes, and the interior of each group of spray heads is communicated with the connecting pipes.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the frozen powder after crushing is thawed to form a black soldier fly pupa shell powder suspension, which enters the inside of each group of connecting pipes evenly from the inside of the feed pipe, and then after being pressurized by the spray head, forms a uniform water mist that is sprayed to the inside of the channel between the two groups of first arc plates, and falls under the action of gravity, and finally falls into the receiving tray for collection. The water mist containing the black soldier fly pupa shell powder is dried by the heat generated by the heating tube during the descent process.

[0019] The present invention is further configured as follows: a first feed port and a second feed port are provided on the top of the reaction tank, a side feed port is provided on the top of one side of the reaction tank, and a discharge pipe is provided on the bottom of the other side.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. Before crushing the black soldier fly pupae shell, use a freezing mechanism to quickly freeze it. On the one hand, it can make the black soldier fly pupae shell brittle at low temperature, reducing the difficulty of subsequent crushing. On the other hand, it can also utilize the moisture contained in the black soldier fly pupae shell to increase the hardness of the black soldier fly pupae shell by freezing the moisture, thereby reducing the probability of excessive crushing of the black soldier fly pupae shell during the subsequent crushing process.

[0022] 2. When the black soldier fly pupa shell powder is dried, on the one hand, the black soldier fly pupa shell powder suspension is pressurized through multiple groups of spray heads to form a uniform water mist spray, thereby increasing the surface area during drying and accelerating the drying efficiency. On the other hand, the water mist containing the black soldier fly pupa shell powder is indirectly dried by the heat generated by the heating tube during the descending process, thereby further accelerating the drying efficiency, thereby ensuring that the moisture in the black soldier fly pupa shell powder is removed while avoiding the denaturation of the protein inside it, thereby affecting the biological activity of the protein subsequently extracted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the freezing component in the black soldier fly pupae shell crushing and protein extraction system.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the freezing assembly shown.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the refrigeration mechanism shown.

[0027] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing components in the black soldier fly pupae shell crushing and protein extraction system.

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the crushed component shown.

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure inside the crushing chamber.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure inside the cutter disc is shown.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drying component in the black soldier fly pupae shell crushing and protein extraction system of the present invention.

[0032] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the drying component shown.

[0033] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drying box after removing the first arc plate.

[0034] Fig.11 for Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spray mechanism shown.

[0035] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure after the spray mechanism is disassembled.

[0036] Fig.13 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extraction components of the black soldier fly pupae shell crushing and protein extraction system.

[0037] Description of reference numerals: 1, freezing assembly; 11, box body; 111, feed port; 112, discharge port; 113, support rod; 12, mounting frame; 13, conveying mechanism; 131, motor; 132, conveying frame; 133, rotating disk; 14, freezing mechanism; 141, ventilation pipe; 142, regulating valve; 143, nozzle;

[0038] 2. Crushing assembly; 21. Feeding bin; 211. Receiving hopper; 212. Receiving port; 213. Adjusting plate; 22. Crushing bin; 221. Screening plate; 222. Screening hole; 23. Crushing mechanism; 231. Crushing motor; 232. Pulley; 233. Spindle; 234. Cutter disc; 235. Cutter shaft; 236. Blade; 24. Discharging port; 25. Base frame;

[0039] 3. Drying assembly; 31. Drying box; 311. First arc plate; 312. Second arc plate; 313. Heating tube; 32. Spraying mechanism; 321. Feeding tube; 322. Bracket; 323. Connecting tube; 324. Spraying head; 33. Receiving tray;

[0040] 4. Extraction component; 41. Reaction tank; 42. First feed port; 43. Second feed port; 44. Side feed port; 45. Discharge pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention is now described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This figure is a simplified schematic diagram, which only illustrates the basics of the present invention in an illustrative manner, so it only shows the composition related to the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1-13The black soldier fly pupa shell crushing and protein extraction system comprises a freezing component 1, a crushing component 2, a drying component 3 and an extraction component 4 for sequentially processing the black soldier fly pupa shells. The cleaned black soldier fly pupa shells are first frozen in the freezing component 1 and then enter the crushing component 2 for mechanical crushing. After the crushed frozen black soldier fly pupa shell powder is thawed to form a suspension, it enters the drying component 3 for drying. Finally, the dried black soldier fly pupa shell powder is added to the extraction component 4 to extract the protein therein through a series of reactions.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1-4 The freezing assembly 1 includes a box 11 and a freezing mechanism 14 arranged inside the box 11. The black soldier fly pupae shells after cleaning can be placed inside a tray (not shown in the figure), and then the tray is placed inside the box 11 to freeze the black soldier fly pupae shells. The box 11 is set as a rectangular hollow structure, and a mounting frame 12 is installed at the bottom of the box 11. The mounting frame 12 is horizontally arranged, and the mounting frame 12 ensures that the box 11 is reliably installed. A feed port 111 is opened at one end of the box 11, and a discharge port 112 is opened at the other end. The feed port 111 and the discharge port 112 are both arranged along the width direction of the box 11. The tray with the black soldier fly pupae shells can enter the box 11 from the feed port 111, and discharge from the discharge port 112 after freezing. A plurality of groups of support rods 113 are arranged inside the box 11, and the support rods 113 are arranged along the length direction of the box 11 and are equidistantly arranged. After the tray with the black soldier fly pupae shells is placed into the box body 11, it can be placed on multiple groups of support rods 113 to ensure the stability of the tray.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1-4 A conveying mechanism 13 is arranged inside the box body 11, and the conveying mechanism 13 includes two groups of conveying racks 132 arranged symmetrically and a rotating disk 133 arranged along the conveying racks 132. The two groups of conveying racks 132 are respectively arranged on the side of the box body 11 close to the feed port 111 and the side of the box body 11 close to the discharge port 112. One end of a group of conveying racks 132 on the side of the box body 11 close to the discharge port 112 is connected to a motor 131, and the motor 131 is installed on the outer wall of the box body 11. The rotating disk 133 is arranged in a plurality of groups along the length direction of the conveying rack 132, and protrusions are arranged around the rotating disk 133. After the tray with the black soldier fly pupae shells is placed into the box body 11, its bottom contacts the rotating disk 133. The motor 131 can drive the conveying frame 132 to rotate, thereby synchronously driving the rotating disk 133 on the conveying frame 132 to rotate, and finally through the contact between the rotating disk 133 and the tray with the black soldier fly pupae shells, the tray with the black soldier fly pupae shells is driven to move to complete loading and unloading.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1-4, two groups of freezing mechanisms 14 are symmetrically arranged about the box body 11, one group of freezing mechanisms 14 is arranged at the top of the box body 11, and the other group of freezing mechanisms 14 is arranged at the bottom of the box body 11. After the tray with the black soldier fly pupae shells enters the box body 11, the two groups of freezing mechanisms 14 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the tray with the black soldier fly pupae shells. Each group of freezing mechanisms 14 includes a vent pipe 141 arranged inside the box body 11 and multiple groups of nozzles 143 arranged on the vent pipe 141, the vent pipe 141 is arranged along the width direction of the box body 11, the nozzles 143 are arranged along the length direction of the vent pipe 141, and each group of nozzles 143 is connected to the inside of the vent pipe 141. Each group of vent pipes 141 is provided with a regulating valve 142 near the side wall of the box body 11, and the regulating valve 142 can be connected to a pipeline connected with liquid nitrogen. During freezing, the flow of liquid nitrogen is adjusted by regulating valve 142, so that the liquid nitrogen enters ventilation pipe 141, and then is discharged through nozzle 143 on ventilation pipe 141, and finally contacts with the black soldier fly pupae shells placed inside the tray, so as to achieve rapid freezing of the black soldier fly pupae shells.

[0046] Specifically, before crushing the black soldier fly pupae, the cleaned black soldier fly pupae are first placed inside the tray, and the tray is transported to the inside of the box 11 by the conveying mechanism 13. The flow rate of liquid nitrogen is adjusted by the regulating valve 142, so that the liquid nitrogen enters the ventilation pipe 141, and then discharged through the nozzle 143 on the ventilation pipe 141, and finally contacts the black soldier fly pupae placed inside the tray, so as to achieve rapid freezing of the black soldier fly pupae. Rapid freezing of the black soldier fly pupae before crushing can, on the one hand, make the black soldier fly pupae shell brittle at low temperature, reducing the difficulty of subsequent crushing, and on the other hand, it can also utilize the moisture contained in the black soldier fly pupae to increase the hardness of the black soldier fly pupae by freezing the moisture, thereby reducing the probability of excessive crushing of the black soldier fly pupae in the subsequent crushing process.

[0047] In summary, although the freezing mechanism 14 can freeze the black soldier fly pupal shell before crushing, thereby increasing the brittleness and hardness of the shell and avoiding the probability of excessive crushing of the internal material in the future to a certain extent, if the crushed frozen powder cannot be separated in time during the crushing process, the crushed frozen powder continues to be crushed at the same time as the uncrushed solid, and the situation of excessive crushing still exists. Therefore, it is necessary to separate and discharge the crushed frozen powder in time during the crushing process through the crushing component 2 to avoid the phenomenon of excessive crushing causing the release of impurities and the destruction of protein structure, which affects the activity and extraction efficiency of the subsequent protein.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5-8The crushing assembly 2 includes a crushing bin 22 for crushing black soldier fly pupae and a crushing mechanism 23 arranged inside the crushing bin 22. A base frame 25 is installed at the bottom of the crushing bin 22. The base frame 25 is set as a frame structure and is arranged horizontally. The base frame 25 ensures that the crushing bin 22 is stably and reliably installed. The crushing bin 22 is connected with a feed bin 21 at the top and a discharge port 24 at the bottom. The black soldier fly pupae after freezing can enter the crushing bin 22 through the feed bin 21, and are crushed by the crushing mechanism 23 and discharged to the discharge port 24 to complete the discharge. The feed bin 21 includes a receiving hopper 211 arranged on the side wall of the crushing bin 22 and a receiving port 212 opened on the crushing bin 22. The receiving hopper 211 is set as a rectangular structure with an opening at the top. The receiving port 212 is connected to the inside of the crushing bin 22. The black soldier fly pupae after freezing are placed in the receiving hopper 211, and then enter the crushing bin 22 from the receiving port 212. An adjusting plate 213 is slidably mounted on the top of the receiving port 212. The adjusting plate 213 is arranged in the vertical direction. A screw is arranged at the connection between the adjusting plate 213 and the receiving port 212. After loosening the screw, the position of the adjusting plate 213 can be adjusted. After the adjustment is completed, the screw can be tightened to re-fix the adjusting plate 213. Thus, the amount of material fed into the receiving port 212 can be adjusted according to the actual crushing efficiency of the crushing mechanism 23 to ensure sufficient crushing.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5-8 The crushing mechanism 23 includes a crushing motor 231 arranged on a base frame 25, a main shaft 233 arranged inside the crushing bin 22, and a plurality of sets of cutter discs 234 arranged along the main shaft 233. The crushing motor 231 is arranged on one side of the crushing bin 22, and a pulley 232 is connected to the output end of the crushing motor 231. The main shaft 233 is arranged in the middle of the crushing bin 22, and the main shaft 233 is arranged along the width direction of the crushing bin 22. The crushing motor 231 is connected to the main shaft 233 through a pulley 232, and the crushing motor 231 can drive the pulley 232 to rotate, thereby driving the main shaft 233 to rotate. The cutter discs 234 are arranged equidistantly along the length direction of the main shaft 233, and can rotate synchronously with the main shaft 233. A plurality of sets of cutter shafts 235 are arranged around each two sets of cutter discs 234, and each set of cutter shafts 235 is provided with a blade 236. The knife shaft 235 can rotate synchronously with the knife disc 234, and synchronously drive the blade 236 to rotate during the process, and finally utilize the rotation of the blade 236 to break the frozen black soldier fly pupae shells.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5-8A screening plate 221 is provided inside the crushing chamber 22, and the screening plate 221 is located at the bottom of the blade 236, and there is a gap between the screening plate 221 and the blade 236. The screening plate 221 is set to a circular arc structure adapted to the rotation radius of the blade 236, and a plurality of screening holes 222 are opened on the screening plate 221. After the blade 236 crushes the frozen black soldier fly pupae into frozen powder, the frozen powder falls onto the screening plate 221 under the action of gravity, and the completely crushed frozen powder can enter the discharge port 24 through the screening holes 222 to complete the discharge, and the incompletely crushed frozen powder continues to remain on the screening plate 221 and continues to be crushed by the blade 236 until all the black soldier fly pupae are crushed.

[0051] Specifically, after the black soldier fly pupae shells are frozen and enter the crushing bin 22, they are crushed by the rotation of the blade 236. The completely crushed frozen powder falls onto the screening plate 221 under the action of gravity and can continue to enter the discharge port 24 through the screening hole 222 to complete the discharge, thereby separating the completely crushed frozen powder from the inside of the crushing bin 22 in time, avoiding the completely crushed frozen powder from continuing to be crushed together with the incompletely crushed frozen powder in the crushing bin 22, resulting in excessive crushing, causing the release of impurities, the destruction of protein structure and the reduction of extraction efficiency.

[0052] In summary, although the sieve holes 222 on the sieve plate 221 can timely separate the completely crushed frozen powder from the crushing bin 22 to avoid excessive crushing affecting the protein extraction efficiency, in the subsequent drying process, it is still necessary to ensure that the amino acid composition and structure of the protein inside the completely crushed frozen powder remain intact. Therefore, it is necessary to use the drying component 3 to remove the moisture inside the black soldier fly pupa shell powder while ensuring that the protein properties do not change.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 9-13 The drying assembly 3 includes a drying box 31 and a spray mechanism 32 disposed on the top of the drying box 31, and a receiving tray 33 is disposed at the bottom of the drying box 31. After the frozen black soldier fly pupa shell powder is thawed to form a solution, it is evenly spread into the drying box 31 through the spray mechanism 32, quickly dried, and enters the receiving tray 33 under the action of gravity to complete collection.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 9-13, the drying box 31 is set as a hollow rectangular structure, the receiving tray 33 is placed at the bottom of the drying box 31, and the receiving tray 33 is set as a hollow structure with a top opening that matches the shape of the drying box 31. Two groups of first arc plates 311 are symmetrically arranged inside the drying box 31. The two groups of first arc plates 311 are both set as circular arc plate structures, and the edges are connected to each other. A circular channel for the black soldier fly pupa shell powder suspension to pass through can be formed between the two groups of first arc plates 311. A second arc plate 312 is set on one side of the first arc plate 311. The second arc plate 312 is set as a circular arc plate structure with a diameter greater than the first arc plate 311. The edges of the two groups of second arc plates 312 are connected to each other, and a hollow structure can be formed between the two groups of second arc plates 312 and the two groups of first arc plates 311. Multiple groups of heating tubes 313 are arranged between the first arc plate 311 and the second arc plate 312. The heating tubes 313 are arranged through the second arc plate 312 and are connected to the heating element outward, so as to generate heat through the heating element. The heating tube 313 is configured as a circular arc tube structure adapted to the hollow structure between the two groups of second arc plates 312 and the two groups of first arc plates 311 . The heating tube 313 is arranged in a vertical direction and can evenly dry the black soldier fly pupa shell powder suspension between the two groups of first arc plates 311 .

[0055] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 9-13 The spray mechanism 32 includes a feed pipe 321 that runs through the drying box 31 and a plurality of connecting pipes 323 that surround the feed pipe 321. A bracket 322 is provided at the bottom of the feed pipe 321, and the bracket 322 is connected to the top of the drying box 31. The feed pipe 321 is connected to the drying box 31 through the bracket 322, so that the spray mechanism 32 is reliably installed. The bracket 322 is provided as a disc structure with a plurality of connecting rods that are arranged around the bottom, and each group of connecting pipes 323 is installed on the bracket 322, so that the connecting pipes 323 are reliably installed. Each group of connecting pipes 323 is connected to the feed pipe 321 upward, and the black soldier fly pupa shell powder suspension after thawing can evenly enter the interior of each group of connecting pipes 323 from the inside of the feed pipe 321. A plurality of spray heads 324 are arranged around the bottom of each group of connecting pipes 323, and the interior of each group of spray heads 324 is connected to the connecting pipe 323. It should be noted that the spray heads 324 in this embodiment are configured as spray heads with a pressurized spraying function, and the specific type of the spray heads 324 is not limited. The black soldier fly pupa shell powder suspension inside the connecting pipe 323 can be pressurized by the spray heads 324 to form a uniform water mist that is sprayed to the interior of the channel between the two groups of first arc plates 311.

[0056] Specifically, after the frozen powder is crushed and thawed, a suspension of black soldier fly pupa shell powder is formed, which enters the interior of each group of connecting pipes 323 from the inside of the feed pipe 321 uniformly, and then is pressurized by the spray head 324 to form a uniform water mist sprayed into the channel between the two groups of first arc plates 311, and then falls under the action of gravity, and finally falls into the receiving tray 33 for collection. During the descent of the water mist containing the black soldier fly pupa shell powder, the water mist is indirectly dried by the heat generated by the heating tube 313. On the one hand, the suspension of black soldier fly pupa shell powder is pressurized by multiple groups of spray heads 324 to form a uniform water mist spray, increase the surface area during drying, and accelerate the drying efficiency. On the other hand, during the descent of the water mist, the heat generated by the heating tube 313 is used to indirectly dry the black soldier fly water mist, further accelerating the drying efficiency, thereby ensuring that the water in the black soldier fly pupa shell powder is removed while preventing the protein inside it from being denatured, thereby affecting the biological activity of the protein extracted later.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 9-13 The extraction component 4 includes a horizontally arranged reaction tank 41, a first feed port 42 and a second feed port 43 are provided on the top of the reaction tank 41, a side feed port 44 is provided on the top of one side of the reaction tank 41, and a discharge pipe 45 is provided on the bottom of the other side. When extracting protein, the dried black soldier fly pupa shell powder and an appropriate amount of alkaline solution (such as NaOH) can be added to the inside of the reaction tank 41 through the first feed port 42 and the second feed port 43 respectively to dissolve the protein in the black soldier fly pupa shell powder. When extracting protein, the pupa shell powder is treated with a dilute NaOH solution (concentration of about 1-2M) at about 55°C to promote the dissolution of protein into the liquid phase, and at this time, melanin will also be dissolved into the liquid phase. After continuous stirring and reacting for 2-6 hours, the liquid phase (the solution in which protein and melanin coexist) can be collected by filtration or centrifugation. After the liquid phase is collected, the pH of the solution is adjusted to weak alkalinity (pH 7-8.5) with a dilute H2SO4 solution (concentration is about 1-2M) to precipitate some proteins, but at this time, the melanin is still dissolved, and saturated ammonium sulfate solution is gradually added to the supernatant, stirring while adding until the concentration of ammonium sulfate reaches 24%-80%, the protein is completely precipitated, filtered or centrifuged, and the precipitate (protein) can be collected. Adjust the liquid phase solution (melanin solution) after filtration or centrifugation to acidity (pH 3-5) to precipitate melanin, collect the precipitate by centrifugation, and obtain melanin. In the process again, the solution required for the reaction can be added to the inside of the reaction tank 41 through the side feed port 44 to ensure that the reaction can proceed in an orderly manner. In the process of collecting and precipitating protein and melanin, the collection can be completed by discharging through the discharge pipe 45, and the extraction and separation of protein and melanin in the black soldier fly pupa shell can be realized.

[0058] It should be noted that an ultrasonic crushing device with a variable amplitude rod (not shown in the figure) can be set inside the reaction tank 41 to process the black soldier fly pupae shell powder suspension to accelerate the efficiency of the extraction reaction. The specific structure and arrangement of the ultrasonic crushing device are technical means well known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated in this application.

[0059] The collected protein and melanin can be further subjected to steps such as freezing and drying to finally complete the extraction. Specifically, the protein can be dried and precipitated with a buffer or distilled water to remove residual impurities and then freeze-dried for storage. Melanin can be washed with acidic water and then precipitated for storage after freeze-drying. The above steps are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] It should be noted that the above-mentioned black soldier fly pupae shell crushing and protein extraction system can not only complete the crushing, extraction and separation of protein and melanin in black soldier fly pupae shells, but is also suitable for the crushing, extraction and separation of protein, chitin and melanin in black soldier fly pupae shells, eggs, larvae, pupae and adults.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, it can be a mechanical connection, it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0062] It should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "length", "width", "up", "down", "front and back", "left and right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0063] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A black soldier fly pupa shell crushing and protein extraction system, characterized in that: The invention relates to a method for processing black soldier fly pupae shells in sequence, comprising a freezing component (1), a crushing component (2), a drying component (3) and an extraction component (4), wherein the freezing component (1) comprises a housing (11) and a freezing mechanism (14) arranged inside the housing (11), the crushing component (2) comprises a crushing chamber (22) capable of crushing black soldier fly pupae shells and a crushing mechanism (23) arranged inside the crushing chamber (22), and the drying component (3) comprises a drying box (31) and a spray nozzle (23) arranged on the top of the drying box (31). The extraction component (4) comprises a horizontally arranged reaction tank (41); wherein the freezing mechanism (14) comprises a ventilation pipe (141) arranged inside the box body (11) and a plurality of groups of nozzles (143) arranged on the ventilation pipe (141); a sieve plate (221) is arranged inside the crushing bin (22); and the spray mechanism (32) comprises a feed pipe (321) arranged to pass through the drying box (31) and a plurality of groups of connecting pipes (323) arranged around the feed pipe (321).

2. The black soldier fly pupal shell crushing and protein extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration mechanism (14) is symmetrically arranged in two groups with respect to the box body (11), and each group of the ventilation pipes (141) is provided with a regulating valve (142) near the side wall of the box body (11).

3. The black soldier fly pupal shell crushing and protein extraction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The box body (11) is provided with a feed port (111) at one end and a discharge port (112) at the other end; a plurality of support rods (113) are arranged inside the box body (11); a mounting frame (12) is installed at the bottom of the box body (11); a conveying mechanism (13) is arranged inside the box body (11); the conveying mechanism (13) comprises two symmetrically arranged conveying frames (132) and a rotating disk (133) arranged along the conveying frames (132); one end of one of the conveying frames (132) is connected to a motor (131).

4. The black soldier fly pupal shell crushing and protein extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A base frame (25) is installed at the bottom of the crushing bin (22), the top of the crushing bin (22) is connected to a feed bin (21), and the bottom is connected to a discharge port (24), and a plurality of screening holes (222) are provided on the screening plate (221).

5. The black soldier fly pupal shell crushing and protein extraction system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (23) comprises a crushing motor (231) arranged on a base frame (25), a main shaft (233) arranged inside a crushing bin (22), and a plurality of sets of cutter discs (234) arranged along the main shaft (233); the crushing motor (231) and the main shaft (233) are connected via a belt pulley (232); a plurality of sets of cutter shafts (235) are arranged around two sets of cutter discs (234); and a blade (236) is arranged on each set of cutter shafts (235).

6. The black soldier fly pupal shell crushing and protein extraction system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed bin (21) comprises a receiving hopper (211) arranged on the side wall of the crushing bin (22) and a receiving opening (212) opened on the crushing bin (22), and an adjusting plate (213) is slidably mounted on the top of the receiving opening (212).

7. The black soldier fly pupal shell crushing and protein extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of first arc plates (311) are symmetrically arranged inside the drying box (31), a second arc plate (312) is arranged on one side of the first arc plate (311), a plurality of groups of heating tubes (313) are arranged between the first arc plate (311) and the second arc plate (312), the heating tubes (313) are arranged in a vertical direction, and a material receiving tray (33) is arranged at the bottom of the drying box (31).

8. The black soldier fly pupal shell crushing and protein extraction system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A bracket (322) is provided at the bottom of the feed pipe (321), and the bracket (322) is connected to the top of the drying box (31). Each group of connecting pipes (323) is installed on the bracket (322) and is connected to the feed pipe (321) upward.

9. The black soldier fly pupal shell crushing and protein extraction system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of spray heads (324) are arranged around the bottom of each group of the connecting pipes (323), and the interior of each group of the spray heads (324) is communicated with the connecting pipes (323).

10. The black soldier fly pupal shell crushing and protein extraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the reaction tank (41) is provided with a first feed port (42) and a second feed port (43); the top of one side of the reaction tank (41) is provided with a side feed port (44), and the bottom of the other side is provided with a discharge pipe (45).

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