Disassembling device for photovoltaic module

Abstract

The disassembling device comprises a base, a lifting workbench is arranged above the base, side supports are arranged on the two sides of the long edge of the base, baffles are welded to the two opposite sides of each side support, a screw rod is arranged on the two opposite baffles in a penetrating mode, and the screw rod is connected with the lifting workbench. One end of the screw penetrates through the baffle to be connected with a first coupler, the other end of the first coupler is connected with a first motor, the first motor is sleeved with a first motor sleeve, the other end of the first motor sleeve is welded to the baffle, and a moving part is arranged on the screw in a penetrating mode; the screw rod is in threaded connection with the moving part, a moving table is welded to the upper portion of the moving part, the front view of the moving table is in a concave shape, side plates are welded to the two opposite faces in the moving table, and cover plates are welded to the upper sides and the lower sides of the two side plates; according to the device, the problem of serious damage caused by disassembly of a current photovoltaic module recovery laminated part is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic component recycling, and in particular relates to a disassembly device for photovoltaic modules. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic modules, also known as solar panels, are the core part of photovoltaic power generation systems. Their main function is to convert light energy into electrical energy. Photovoltaic modules are usually composed of a glass cover layer, an EVA film layer, a battery layer, an EVA film layer, and a backplane layer. In addition, they also include a junction box and a frame to ensure their efficient, stable and long-lasting working performance. Waste photovoltaic modules contain heavy metals such as lead and cadmium. If they are discarded at will, they will cause serious pollution to the soil and water sources, and then affect human health and the ecological environment. Disassembly and recycling can effectively reduce the pollution of these harmful substances to the environment. At the same time, the glass, silicon wafers, metals and other materials in old photovoltaic modules have a high recycling value. By disassembling and recycling, these materials can be reused, reducing the mining and consumption of new resources.

[0003] Existing photovoltaic module disassembly devices have some shortcomings in completely separating the layers. The photovoltaic module disassembly devices currently on the market often cause serious damage to the materials of each layer during the disassembly of the "sandwich" structure of the laminate "glass layer / film layer / cell layer / film layer / backplane layer", resulting in a decrease in the quality of the disassembled materials, affecting subsequent recycling and utilization. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a disassembly device for photovoltaic modules in view of the existing devices, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a disassembly device for photovoltaic modules, comprising a base, a lifting workbench is arranged above the base, side supports are arranged on both sides of the long sides of the base, baffles are welded on the opposite sides of the side supports, screws are passed through the two opposite baffles, one end of the screw passes through the baffle and is connected to a first coupling, the other end of the first coupling is connected to a first motor, a first motor sleeve is sleeved on the first motor, the other end of the first motor sleeve is welded to the baffle, a moving part is passed through the screw, the screw and the moving part are threadedly connected, and a moving platform is welded above the moving part. The front view of the moving platform is in the shape of a Chinese character "concave", and side panels are welded on the two opposite sides of the moving platform, and cover panels are welded on the upper and lower sides of the two side panels, and each side panel is provided with a avoidance groove, and each avoidance groove is provided with a positioning gear, one side of the positioning gear is meshedly connected with an upper gear rod, and the other side of the positioning gear is meshedly connected with a lower gear rod, a third central axis is passed through the upper ends of the two opposite upper gear rods, and a fourth central axis is passed through the lower ends of the two opposite lower gear rods, and a plurality of extrusion wheels are sleeved on the third central axis and the fourth central axis, and a hose is provided above each of the extrusion wheels, and a plastic tube is passed through one end of each of the hoses;

[0006] A second motor sleeve is welded on the side plate on one side, a second motor is fixedly installed inside the second motor sleeve, an output end of the second motor is arranged in the center of one of the adjustment gears, the upper gear rod, the adjustment gear, the lower gear rod, the second motor and the second motor sleeve together constitute an upper and lower adjustment mechanism, a third motor sleeve is also welded on the side plate on the same side, a third motor is fixedly installed inside the third motor sleeve, an output end of the third motor is connected with a second coupling, the other end of the second coupling is connected with a first central shaft, two ends of the first central shaft respectively pass through the two side plates, and two driving gears are sleeved on the first central shaft, each of the driving gears is meshed and connected with a driven gear, a second central shaft is penetrated in the center of the two driven gears, and two ends of the second central shaft respectively pass through the two side plates, a roller is sleeved between the first central shaft and the second central shaft located between each pair of the driving gears, and a blade is arranged between the two rollers;

[0007] Two conveyor belts are sleeved on the first center axis and the third center axis, and two conveyor belts are also sleeved on the second center axis and the fourth center axis. An adjusting roller is also arranged on the outer side of each conveyor belt, and a connecting piece is sleeved on the other end of each adjusting roller. The other end of the connecting piece is respectively sleeved on the third center axis and the fourth center axis. A spring is also welded on one side of the connecting piece, and the other end of the spring is welded on the cover plate.

[0008] The present invention further illustrates that two positioning rods are evenly welded above the side support, a telescopic rod is fixedly installed below one end of each positioning rod, and a pressure plate is glued below each telescopic rod.

[0009] The present invention further describes that the two side supports and the above-mentioned mechanisms connected thereto are identical and are distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner with the base as the center.

[0010] The present invention further describes that two fixing blocks are sleeved on each of the hoses, and one side of each of the fixing blocks is glued to the cover plate.

[0011] The present invention further describes that a blade is provided on one side of the blade, and a plurality of flow grooves are provided on the blade and the blade, each of the flow grooves corresponds to each of the plastic tubes, and the plastic tubes are slidably connected to the flow grooves.

[0012] The present invention further describes that the other end of each of the hoses is connected to a water tank, a piston is provided inside each of the water tanks, and the lower surface of the lower water tank is attached to the inner side of the moving platform.

[0013] The present invention further describes that a limiting plate is welded to the outer side of the movable platform, and one end of the limiting plate and the blade are horizontally inserted into the side support seat, and the limiting plate and the blade are slidably connected to the side support seat.

[0014] The present invention further states that six blades of equal length are arranged on the outer side of the extrusion wheel.

[0015] The present invention further describes that a method for using the disassembly device for photovoltaic modules comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step S1: the device is in an initial state, that is, the telescopic rod is fully retracted and the distance between the two blades is greater than the width of the laminate, the laminate of the photovoltaic module is placed on the lifting workbench, the lifting workbench is lifted to a suitable height, the cutting edge of the blade is flush with the adhesive film layer between the glass layer and the battery layer of the laminate, the telescopic rod is started to extend to drive the pressure plate to press against the laminate;

[0017] Step S2: the third motor starts to rotate forward, drives the first central shaft to rotate through the second coupling, the first central shaft drives the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear meshes with the driven gear to rotate in the opposite direction, the driven gear drives the second central shaft to rotate, the rotation of the first central shaft and the second central shaft drives the two rollers to rotate in opposite directions, due to the friction between the roller and the blade, the blade is transmitted toward the laminate, and the blade is inserted into the adhesive film layer;

[0018] Step S3: while the first central axis and the second central axis rotate, the third central axis and the fourth central axis are driven to rotate respectively by the conveying action of the conveyor belt, the rotation of the third central axis and the fourth central axis drives the extrusion wheel to rotate, and the rotation of the extrusion wheel squeezes the hose, so that the chemical solvent passes through the hose and the plastic tube in sequence and is sprayed out along the flow groove;

[0019] Step S4: the first motor starts to rotate forward or reverse, and drives the screw to rotate forward or reverse through the first coupling, so that the moving member drives the moving platform and the components connected to the moving platform to move repeatedly along the screw;

[0020] Step S5: The second motor is started to rotate forward and reverse in sequence, driving the adjustment gear to rotate forward and reverse alternately, and the adjustment gear meshes with the upper gear rod and the lower gear rod to achieve relative and opposite alternating movement, so that the upper gear rod and the lower gear rod respectively drive the third center axis and the fourth center axis to move in the direction close to and away from the adjustment gear in sequence, so as to adjust the size of the extrusion force of the hose by the extrusion wheel, thereby changing the stroke of the chemical solvent spraying from the plastic tube, that is, the spraying distance of the chemical solvent from the plastic tube is alternately from far to near and then from near to far;

[0021] Step S6: while the third center axis and the fourth center axis move in the vertical direction, the adjusting roller is driven to move vertically therewith by the connecting member; when the third center axis moves in the direction away from the adjusting gear, the adjusting roller moves in the direction away from the outer surface of the conveyor belt to increase the conveying stroke of the conveyor belt; when the third center axis moves in the direction close to the adjusting gear, the adjusting roller tightens the conveyor belt by pushing the conveyor belt inward, thereby realizing adaptive adjustment of tightening and loosening of the conveyor belt;

[0022] Step S7: The first motor and the second motor are used to drive the blade to move in four directions on a horizontal plane to cut and separate the glass layer and the battery layer, and at the same time, a chemical solvent is sprayed along the flow channel to dissolve the adhesive film layer;

[0023] Step S8: After the separation of the glass layer and the battery layer is completed, the telescopic rod retracts, the staff removes the glass layer, the third motor reverses to retract the blade to the initial position, and then the lifting workbench is lifted to a suitable height so that the cutting edge of the blade is flush with the film layer between the battery layer and the backplane layer of the laminate, the telescopic rod is started to extend to drive the pressure plate to press against the laminate, and the above steps are repeated to separate the battery layer and the backplane layer.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0025] (1) A first motor is provided as a power source, and the first motor drives the screw to rotate forward or reversely through a first coupling. Since the screw and the moving part are threadedly connected, when the screw rotates, the moving part drives the parts connected to the moving part to move repeatedly on the screw. A third motor is provided as a power source, and drives the first central shaft to rotate through a second coupling. The first central shaft drives the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear meshes with the driven gear to rotate in the opposite direction. The driven gear drives the second central shaft to rotate, so that the first central shaft and the second central shaft drive the two rollers to rotate in opposite directions. Due to the friction between the roller and the blade, the blade works, which is conducive to the first motor and the second motor to drive the blade to move in four directions on the horizontal plane to cut, separate and disassemble the laminated parts;

[0026] (2) The first central axis and the second central axis rotate, and the third central axis and the fourth central axis rotate respectively through the conveying effect of the conveyor belt. The rotation of the third central axis and the fourth central axis drives the extrusion wheel to rotate. The rotation of the extrusion wheel squeezes the hose, so that the chemical solvent is sprayed out along the flow channel through the hose and the plastic tube in turn, and the second motor is started to rotate forward and reverse in turn, driving the adjustment gear to rotate forward and reverse alternately. The adjustment gear meshes with the upper gear rod and the lower gear rod to achieve relative and opposite alternating movement, so that the upper gear rod and the lower gear rod respectively drive the third central axis and the fourth central axis to move in the direction close to and away from the adjustment gear in turn, so that the extrusion wheel can adjust the size of the extrusion force on the hose, thereby changing the stroke of the chemical solvent spraying from the plastic tube, that is, the spraying distance of the chemical solvent from the plastic tube is alternately from far to near and then from near to far. The chemical solvent accelerates the dissolution of the film layer in the laminate, which is conducive to maintaining the integrity of the glass layer, the battery layer and the back plate layer during the disassembly of the laminate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention from another viewing angle;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a blade portion of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the gear transmission part of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is a side view of the internal structure of the cover plate of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is a partial schematic diagram of a belt transmission part of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 1 A magnified image of area A;

[0035] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of area B;

[0036] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an up and down adjustment mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 is a cross-sectional view of a water tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 is a side view of an extrusion wheel of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] In the figure: 1, base; 2, lifting workbench; 3, side support; 4, baffle; 5, screw; 51, first coupling; 52, first motor; 53, first motor sleeve; 6, moving part; 61, moving platform; 62, limit plate; 7, side plate; 71, avoidance groove; 72, cover plate; 8, upper and lower adjustment mechanism; 81, upper gear rod; 82, adjustment gear; 83, lower gear rod; 84, second motor; 85, second motor sleeve; 9, third motor sleeve; 10, third motor; 11, second coupling ; 12. First center axis; 13. Driving gear; 14. Driven gear; 15. Second center axis; 16. Roller; 17. Pressure plate; 18. Third center axis; 19. Fourth center axis; 20. Conveyor belt; 21. Adjusting roller; 22. Connector; 23. Spring; 24. Plastic tube; 25. Extrusion wheel; 251. Blade; 26. Hose; 27. Fixed block; 28. Blade; 29. ​​Blade; 291. Flow trough; 30. Water tank; 301. Piston; 31. Telescopic rod; 32. Positioning rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following is a further non-limiting detailed description of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] refer to Figures 1 to 12 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a disassembly device for a photovoltaic module, Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1 As shown, the disassembly device for photovoltaic modules comprises a base 1, and a lifting platform 2 is arranged above the base 1. The lifting platform 2 can realize lifting work, and the power source of the lifting platform 2 can be a cylinder. Side supports 3 are arranged on both sides of the long side of the base 1, and baffles 4 are welded on the opposite sides of the side supports 3. Figure 7 As shown, two opposite baffles 4 are provided with screw rods 5, one end of the screw rods 5 passes through the baffle 4 and is connected to a first coupling 51, the other end of the first coupling 51 is connected to a first motor 52, a first motor sleeve 53 is sleeved on the first motor 52, and the other end of the first motor sleeve 53 is welded to the baffle 4. Figure 8As shown, a moving member 6 is provided on the screw rod 5, and the screw rod 5 and the moving member 6 are threadedly connected. A moving platform 61 is welded on the top of the moving member 6. The front view of the moving platform 61 is in a "concave" shape. Side plates 7 are welded on the two opposite sides of the moving platform 61, and cover plates 72 are welded on the upper and lower sides of the two side plates 7. The first motor 52 is used as a power source. The first motor 52 drives the screw rod 5 to rotate forward or reversely through the first coupling 51. Since the screw rod 5 and the moving member 6 are threadedly connected, when the screw rod 5 rotates, the moving member 6 drives the components connected to the moving member 6 to realize repeated movement on the screw rod 5.

[0043] like Fig. 9 As shown, each side plate 7 is provided with a position avoidance groove 71, and each position avoidance groove 71 is provided with a position adjustment gear 82, one side of the position adjustment gear 82 is meshedly connected with an upper gear rod 81, and the other side of the position adjustment gear 82 is meshedly connected with a lower gear rod 83. In the position avoidance grooves 71 of the two side plates 7 on the same side, the upper ends of the two opposite upper gear rods 81 are provided with a third central axis 18, and the lower ends of the two opposite lower gear rods 83 are provided with a fourth central axis 19. Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of extrusion wheels 25 are sleeved on the third central axis 18 and the fourth central axis 19, and a hose 26 is arranged above each extrusion wheel 25. The hose 26 has the function of storing and transporting liquid, and a plastic tube 24 is passed through one end of each hose 26. Figure 5 As shown, the other end of each hose 26 is connected to a water tank 30, and the water tank 30 is used to store a chemical solvent for dissolving the adhesive film layer.

[0044] like Fig. 9 As shown, a second motor sleeve 85 is welded on the side plate 7 on one side, a second motor 84 is fixedly installed inside the second motor sleeve 85, an output end of the second motor 84 is arranged in the center of a positioning gear 82, and the upper gear rod 81, the positioning gear 82, the lower gear rod 83, the second motor 84 and the second motor sleeve 85 together form the upper and lower positioning mechanism 8. The second motor 84 is started to drive the positioning gear 82 to rotate forward or reverse, and the positioning gear 82 engages the upper gear rod 81 and the lower gear rod 83 to respectively drive the third central axis 18 and the fourth central axis 19 to achieve relative and opposite movement.

[0045] like Fig. 9 As shown, a third motor sleeve 9 is welded to the side plate 7 on the same side, a third motor sleeve 9 is fixedly installed inside the third motor sleeve 9, the output end of the third motor 10 is connected to a second coupling 11, the other end of the second coupling 11 is connected to a first central shaft 12, and both ends of the first central shaft 12 pass through the two side plates 7 respectively. Figure 4As shown, two driving gears 13 are sleeved on the first central shaft 12, and a driven gear 14 is meshed and connected below each driving gear 13. A second central shaft 15 is passed through the center of the two driven gears 14, and the two ends of the second central shaft 15 pass through the two side plates 7 respectively. A roller 16 is sleeved between the first central shaft 12 and the second central shaft 15 located between each pair of driving gears 13, and a blade 28 is arranged between the two rollers 16. The third motor 10 is used as a power source, and drives the first central shaft 12 to rotate through the second coupling 11, and the first central shaft 12 drives the driving gear 13 to rotate, and the driving gear 13 meshes with the driven gear 14 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the driven gear 14 drives the second central shaft 15 to rotate, so that the first central shaft 12 and the second central shaft 15 drive the two rollers 16 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the transmission work of the blade 28 is realized due to the friction between the roller 16 and the blade 28.

[0046] like Figure 6 As shown, two conveyor belts 20 are sleeved on the first central axis 12 and the third central axis 18, and two conveyor belts 20 are also sleeved on the second central axis 15 and the fourth central axis 19. An adjusting roller 21 is also provided on the outside of each conveyor belt 20. The other end of each adjusting roller 21 is sleeved with a connecting member 22. The other end of the connecting member 22 is sleeved on the third central axis 18 and the fourth central axis 19 respectively. A spring 23 is also welded on one side of the connecting member 22, and the other end of the spring 23 is welded on the cover plate 72. The conveyor belt 20 is used for force transmission. When the first central axis 12 and the second central axis 15 rotate, the third central axis 18 and the fourth central axis 19 are driven to rotate through the conveyor belt 20. When the third center axis 18 and the fourth center axis 19 realize relative and opposite movement, the adjusting roller 21 is driven to move vertically therewith by the connecting member 22. When the third center axis 18 moves in a direction away from the adjusting gear 82, the adjusting roller 21 moves in a direction away from the outer surface of the conveyor belt 20 to increase the conveying stroke of the conveyor belt 20. When the third center axis 18 moves in a direction close to the adjusting gear 82, the adjusting roller 21 tightens the conveyor belt 20 by pushing the conveyor belt 20 inward, thereby realizing adaptive adjustment of tightening and loosening of the conveyor belt 20. The spring 23 connects the cover plate 72 and the connecting member 22, which is conducive to adapting to the vertical movement of the connecting member 22 through elastic deformation while ensuring that the connecting member 22 does not rotate.

[0047] In certain preferred embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, two positioning rods 32 are evenly welded on the top of each side support 3, a telescopic rod 31 is fixedly installed below one end of each positioning rod 32, and a pressure plate 17 is glued below each telescopic rod 31. The extension of the telescopic rod 31 drives the pressure plate 17 to press the laminated parts, so as to fix the laminated parts during the disassembly work.

[0048] In certain preferred embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the two side supports 3 and the above-mentioned mechanisms connected thereto are identical and are distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner with the base 1 as the center.

[0049] In certain preferred embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, two fixing blocks 27 are sleeved on each hose 26, and one side of each fixing block 27 is glued to the cover plate 72. The fixing blocks 27 are used to fix the hose 26 to ensure that the hose 26 is always located above the extrusion wheel 25, and the extrusion wheel 25 can always act on the hose 26 when rotating to push out the chemical solvent in the hose 26.

[0050] In certain preferred embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, a blade 29 is provided on one side of the blade 28, and a plurality of flow grooves 291 are provided on the blade 28 and the blade 29. Each flow groove 291 corresponds to each plastic tube 24, and the plastic tube 24 is slidably connected to the flow groove 291. The flow groove 291 guides the outflow of the chemical solvent, so that the chemical solvent flows toward the cutting edge of the blade 29, which is beneficial to accelerate the dissolution of the film layer at the cutting edge of the blade 29.

[0051] In certain preferred embodiments, Figure 5 and Fig.10 As shown, a piston 301 is provided inside each water tank 30. The piston 301 can slide inside the water tank 30. When the chemical solvent is discharged from the water tank 30, due to the reduction of the pressure inside the water tank 30, the piston 301 will move accordingly, and the piston 301 of the lower water tank 30 will move upward, ensuring that the water chemical solvent in the lower water tank 30 can always communicate with the hose 26. And the lower surface of the lower water tank 30 is attached to the inner side of the moving platform 61, so that the moving platform 61 has a supporting effect on the water tank 30.

[0052] In certain preferred embodiments, Fig.11 As shown, a limiting piece 62 is welded on the outer side of the moving platform 61, and one end of the limiting piece 62 and the blade 28 are horizontally inserted into the side support 3, and the limiting piece 62 and the blade 28 are slidably connected to the side support 3. It is beneficial for the moving member 6 to drive the parts connected to the moving member 6 to move on the screw 5 so that the limiting piece 62 and the blade 28 are used to limit the sliding work, making the sliding work more stable.

[0053] In certain preferred embodiments, Fig.12 As shown, six blades 251 of equal length are provided on the outer side of the extrusion wheel 25. The multiple blades 251 are conducive to enabling the multiple blades 251 to quickly squeeze the hose 26 in sequence when the extrusion wheel 25 rotates, so that the chemical solvent is squeezed from the hose 26 into the plastic tube 24 and then sprayed out from the plastic tube 24, making the spraying of the chemical solvent more efficient.

[0054] In the above embodiment, a method for using a disassembly device for a photovoltaic module includes the following steps:

[0055] Step S1: the device is in the initial state, that is, the telescopic rod 31 is fully retracted and the distance between the two blades 29 is greater than the width of the laminate. It is worth noting that the limit state of the roller 16 pushing the blade 28 is that the two opposite blades 29 just touch each other. The laminate of the photovoltaic module is placed on the lifting workbench 2, and the lifting workbench 2 is lifted to a suitable height so that the edge of the blade 29 is flush with the film layer between the glass layer and the battery layer of the laminate. The telescopic rod 31 is started to extend to drive the pressure plate 17 to press on the laminate;

[0056] Step S2: The third motor 10 starts to rotate forward, and drives the first central shaft 12 to rotate through the second coupling 11, and the first central shaft 12 drives the driving gear 13 to rotate, and the driving gear 13 engages with the driven gear 14 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the driven gear 14 drives the second central shaft 15 to rotate, and the rotation of the first central shaft 12 and the second central shaft 15 drives the two rollers 16 to rotate in the opposite direction, and due to the friction between the roller 16 and the blade 28, the blade 28 is transmitted toward the laminate, and the blade 29 is inserted into the adhesive film layer;

[0057] Step S3: The first central axis 12 and the second central axis 15 rotate, and the third central axis 18 and the fourth central axis 19 are driven to rotate respectively by the conveying action of the conveyor belt 20. The rotation of the third central axis 18 and the fourth central axis 19 drives the extrusion wheel 25 to rotate. The rotation of the extrusion wheel 25 squeezes the hose 26, so that the chemical solvent is ejected along the flow groove 291 through the hose 26 and the plastic tube 24 in sequence.

[0058] Step S4: the first motor 52 starts to rotate forward or reverse, and drives the screw 5 to rotate forward or reverse through the first coupling 51, so that the moving member 6 drives the moving platform 61 and the components connected to the moving platform 61 to move repeatedly along the screw 5;

[0059] Step S5: The second motor 84 is started to rotate forward and reverse in sequence, driving the adjustment gear 82 to rotate forward and reverse alternately, and the adjustment gear 82 meshes with the upper gear rod 81 and the lower gear rod 83 to achieve relative and opposite alternating movement, so that the upper gear rod 81 and the lower gear rod 83 respectively drive the third center axis 18 and the fourth center axis 19 to move in the direction of approaching and away from the adjustment gear 82 in sequence, so as to adjust the size of the extrusion force of the extrusion wheel 25 on the hose 26, thereby changing the stroke of the chemical solvent spraying from the plastic tube 24, that is, the spraying distance of the chemical solvent from the plastic tube 24 is alternately from far to near and then from near to far;

[0060] Step S6: When the third center shaft 18 and the fourth center shaft 19 move in the vertical direction, the adjusting roller 21 is driven to move vertically therewith by the connecting member 22. When the third center shaft 18 moves in the direction away from the adjusting gear 82, the adjusting roller 21 moves in the direction away from the outer surface of the conveyor belt 20 to increase the conveying stroke of the conveyor belt 20. When the third center shaft 18 moves in the direction close to the adjusting gear 82, the adjusting roller 21 tightens the conveyor belt 20 by pushing the conveyor belt 20 inward, thereby realizing adaptive adjustment of tightening and loosening of the conveyor belt 20.

[0061] Step S7: The blade 28 drives the blade 29 to move in four directions, front, back, left, and right, on the horizontal plane through the first motor 52 and the second motor 84, so that the blade 28 drives the blade 29 to move back and forth along the direction of the screw 5 and slowly advance into the adhesive film layer until the glass layer and the battery cell layer are cut and separated. While cutting, the chemical solvent is sprayed along the flow channel 291 to dissolve the adhesive film layer, which is beneficial to improve the efficiency of cutting and separation and ensure the integrity of the separation of the laminated parts.

[0062] Step S8: After the separation and disassembly of the glass layer and the battery cell layer is completed, the telescopic rod 31 retracts, the staff removes the glass layer and cleans the chemical solvent on the battery cell layer, then the third motor 10 reverses to retract the blade 29 to the initial position, and then the lifting table 2 is lifted to a suitable height so that the cutting edge of the blade 29 is flush with the film layer between the battery cell layer and the backplane layer of the laminate, the telescopic rod 31 is started to extend to drive the pressure plate 17 to press against the laminate, and then the above steps are repeated to separate and disassemble the battery cell layer and the backplane layer.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0064] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents, and these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disassembly device for a photovoltaic module, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A lifting workbench (2) is arranged above the base (1), and side supports (3) are arranged on both sides of the long side of the base (1). Baffles (4) are welded on opposite sides of the side supports (3). Screws (5) are passed through the two opposite baffles (4). One end of the screw (5) passes through the baffle (4) and is connected to a first coupling (51). The other end of the first coupling (51) is connected to a first motor (52). A first motor sleeve (53) is sleeved on the first motor (52). The other end of the first motor sleeve (53) is welded to the baffle (4). A moving part (6) is passed through the screw (5). The screw (5) and the moving part (6) are threadedly connected. A moving platform (61) is welded above the moving part (6). The front view of the moving platform (61) is in the shape of a "concave" character. Side plates (7) are welded on opposite sides of the moving platform (61). ), the upper and lower sides of the two side plates (7) are welded with cover plates (72), each of the side plates (7) is provided with a position avoidance groove (71), each of the position avoidance grooves (71) is provided with a position adjustment gear (82), one side of the position adjustment gear (82) is meshedly connected with an upper gear rod (81), and the other side of the position adjustment gear (82) is meshedly connected with a lower gear rod (83), a third central axis (18) is passed through the upper ends of the two opposite upper gear rods (81), and a fourth central axis (19) is passed through the lower ends of the two opposite lower gear rods (83), a plurality of extrusion wheels (25) are sleeved on the third central axis (18) and the fourth central axis (19), a hose (26) is provided above each of the extrusion wheels (25), one end of each of the hoses (26) is passed through with a plastic tube (24), and the other end of each of the hoses (26) is connected to a water tank (30); A second motor sleeve (85) is welded to the side plate (7) on one side, a second motor (84) is fixedly installed inside the second motor sleeve (85), an output end of the second motor (84) is arranged in the center of one of the adjustment gears (82), the upper gear rod (81), the adjustment gear (82), the lower gear rod (83), the second motor (84) and the second motor sleeve (85) together form an upper and lower adjustment mechanism (8), a third motor sleeve (9) is also welded to the side plate (7) on the same side, a third motor (10) is fixedly installed inside the third motor sleeve (9), the output end of the third motor (10) is connected to a second coupling (11), and the second The other end of the coupling (11) is connected to a first central shaft (12), two ends of the first central shaft (12) respectively pass through the two side plates (7), and two driving gears (13) are sleeved on the first central shaft (12), and a driven gear (14) is meshed and connected below each of the driving gears (13), a second central shaft (15) is passed through the center of the two driven gears (14), and two ends of the second central shaft (15) respectively pass through the two side plates (7), and a roller (16) is sleeved between the first central shaft (12) and the second central shaft (15) located between each pair of the driving gears (13), and a blade (28) is provided between the two rollers (16); Two conveyor belts (20) are sleeved on the first center axis (12) and the third center axis (18), and two conveyor belts (20) are also sleeved on the second center axis (15) and the fourth center axis (19). An adjusting roller (21) is also provided on the outer side of each conveyor belt (20), and a connecting piece (22) is sleeved on the other end of each adjusting roller (21). The other end of the connecting piece (22) is sleeved on the third center axis (18) and the fourth center axis (19), respectively. A spring (23) is also welded on one side of the connecting piece (22), and the other end of the spring (23) is welded on the cover plate (72).

2. A disassembly device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two positioning rods (32) are uniformly welded on the top of each side support (3), a telescopic rod (31) is fixedly installed below one end of each positioning rod (32), and a pressure plate (17) is glued below each telescopic rod (31).

3. A disassembly device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two side supports (3) and the above-mentioned mechanism connected thereto are identical and are distributed in a mirror-symmetrical manner with the base (1) as the center.

4. A disassembly device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two fixing blocks (27) are sleeved on each of the hoses (26), and one side of each of the fixing blocks (27) is glued to the cover plate (72).

5. A disassembly device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 4, characterized in that: A blade (29) is provided on one side of the blade (28), and a plurality of flow grooves (291) are provided on the blade (28) and the blade (29), each of the flow grooves (291) corresponds to each of the plastic tubes (24), and the plastic tubes (24) are slidably connected to the flow grooves (291).

6. A disassembly device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, characterized in that: A piston (301) is provided inside each water tank (30), and the lower surface of the lower water tank (30) is attached to the inner side of the movable platform (61).

7. A disassembly device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 6, characterized in that: A limiting plate (62) is also welded to the outer side of the movable platform (61); one end of the limiting plate (62) and the blade (28) are horizontally inserted into the side support (3); and the limiting plate (62) and the blade (28) are slidably connected to the side support (3).

8. The disassembly device for photovoltaic modules according to claim 7, characterized in that: Six wheel blades (251) of equal length are arranged on the outer side of the extrusion wheel (25).

9. The method for using the disassembly device for photovoltaic modules comprises the following steps: Step S1: the device is in an initial state, that is, the telescopic rod (31) is fully retracted and the distance between the two blades (29) is greater than the width of the laminate, the laminate of the photovoltaic module is placed on the lifting workbench (2), the lifting workbench (2) is lifted to a suitable height, so that the cutting edge of the blade (29) is flush with the adhesive film layer between the glass layer and the battery layer of the laminate, and the telescopic rod (31) is started to extend to drive the pressure plate (17) to press against the laminate; Step S2: the third motor (10) starts to rotate forward, and drives the first central shaft (12) to rotate through the second coupling (11), the first central shaft (12) drives the driving gear (13) to rotate, the driving gear (13) engages with the driven gear (14) to rotate in the opposite direction, the driven gear (14) drives the second central shaft (15) to rotate, the rotation of the first central shaft (12) and the second central shaft (15) drives the two rollers (16) to rotate in opposite directions, and due to the friction between the roller (16) and the blade (28), the blade (28) is transmitted in the direction of the laminate, and is inserted into the adhesive film layer through the blade (29); Step S3: while the first central axis (12) and the second central axis (15) rotate, the third central axis (18) and the fourth central axis (19) are driven to rotate respectively through the conveying action of the conveyor belt (20); the rotation of the third central axis (18) and the fourth central axis (19) drives the extrusion wheel (25) to rotate; the rotation of the extrusion wheel (25) squeezes the hose (26), so that the chemical solvent is sequentially ejected along the flow groove (291) through the hose (26) and the plastic tube (24); Step S4: the first motor (52) starts to rotate forward or reverse, and drives the screw (5) to rotate forward or reverse through the first coupling (51), so that the moving member (6) drives the moving platform (61) and the components connected to the moving platform (61) to move repeatedly along the screw (5); Step S5: The second motor (84) is started to rotate forward and reverse in sequence, driving the adjusting gear (82) to rotate forward and reverse alternately, and the adjusting gear (82) meshes with the upper gear rod (81) and the lower gear rod (83) to achieve relative and opposite alternating movement, so that the upper gear rod (81) and the lower gear rod (83) respectively drive the third central axis (18) and the fourth central axis (19) to move in a direction close to and away from the adjusting gear (82) in sequence, so as to adjust the size of the squeezing force of the squeezing wheel (25) on the hose (26), thereby changing the stroke of the chemical solvent spraying from the plastic tube (24), that is, the spraying distance of the chemical solvent from the plastic tube (24) is alternately from far to near and then from near to far; Step S6: When the third center axis (18) and the fourth center axis (19) move in the vertical direction, the adjusting roller (21) is driven to move vertically therewith by the connecting member (22); when the third center axis (18) moves in the direction away from the adjusting gear (82), the adjusting roller (21) moves in the direction away from the outer surface of the conveyor belt (20) to increase the conveying stroke of the conveyor belt (20); when the third center axis (18) moves in the direction close to the adjusting gear (82), the adjusting roller (21) tightens the conveyor belt (20) by pushing the conveyor belt (20) inward, thereby realizing adaptive adjustment of the tightening and loosening of the conveyor belt (20); Step S7: the blade (28) drives the blade (29) to move in four directions, front, back, left, and right, on a horizontal plane by means of the first motor (52) and the second motor (84), so that the blade (28) drives the blade (29) to move back and forth repeatedly along the direction of the screw (5) while slowly advancing into the adhesive film layer until the glass layer and the battery cell layer are cut and separated, and while cutting, a chemical solvent is sprayed along the flow channel (291) to dissolve the adhesive film layer; Step S8: After the separation and disassembly of the glass layer and the battery cell layer is completed, the telescopic rod (31) is retracted, the staff removes the glass layer, and the third motor (10) is reversed to retract the blade (29) to the initial position. Then the lifting workbench (2) is lifted to a suitable height so that the cutting edge of the blade (29) is flush with the adhesive film layer between the battery cell layer and the backplane layer of the laminate. The telescopic rod (31) is started to extend to drive the pressure plate (17) to press against the laminate, and the above steps are repeated to separate and disassemble the battery cell layer and the backplane layer.

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