Preparation method of energy absorption box, prepared energy absorption box and application of energy absorption box

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of an energy absorption box, the prepared energy absorption box and application of the energy absorption box, and relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy. The preparation method of the energy absorption box comprises the following steps that an aluminum alloy cast ingot is sequentially subjected to extrusion treatment, online quenching treatment, straightening treatment and aging treatment, and the energy absorption box is obtained. Wherein the distance between an inlet of the online quenching treatment and an outlet of the extrusion treatment is 0-0.5 m; the on-line quenching treatment comprises first on-line quenching treatment and second on-line quenching treatment which are sequentially carried out, the cooling rate of the first on-line quenching treatment is 6 DEG C / s-10 DEG C / s, and the cooling rate of the second on-line quenching treatment is 10 DEG C / s-15 DEG C / s. The energy absorption box prepared by the method has very good crushing performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloys, and particularly to a preparation method of an energy-absorbing box, an energy-absorbing box obtained by the method, and its application. Background Art

[0002] An automobile bumper is a safety device that absorbs and mitigates external impact forces and protects the front and rear parts of the vehicle body. An aluminum alloy bumper mainly consists of an energy-absorbing box, a connecting plate, a main beam, and a tow hook sleeve, among which the energy-absorbing box plays a major buffering effect. The shape of the energy-absorbing box is mainly in the shape of a "day" character or an "eye" character, and the important performance requirement is the crush performance test. The crush performance belongs to a static failure test and can better reflect the rationality of the structural design of the energy-absorbing box product and the energy absorption effect of the material.

[0003] In related technologies, the production process of the energy-absorbing box is "aluminum ingot heating + extrusion + online quenching + aging". In order to obtain better crush performance, the spray method with a higher quenching rate is mostly used for online quenching. However, the obtained energy-absorbing box still has the problem that the crush performance cannot meet the application requirements. Therefore, a preparation method capable of preparing an energy-absorbing box with excellent crush performance is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this purpose, the present invention provides a preparation method of an energy-absorbing box, which can effectively improve the crush performance of the energy-absorbing box.

[0005] The present invention also provides an energy-absorbing box obtained by the above preparation method.

[0006] The present invention also provides the application of the above energy-absorbing box in the field of automobiles.

[0007] A preparation method of an energy-absorbing box according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0008] The aluminum alloy ingot is sequentially subjected to extrusion treatment, online quenching treatment, straightening treatment, and aging treatment to obtain the energy-absorbing box;

[0009] Wherein, the distance between the inlet of the online quenching treatment and the outlet of the extrusion treatment is 0 m to 0.5 m;

[0010] The online quenching treatment includes a first online quenching treatment and a second online quenching treatment carried out in sequence. The cooling rate of the first online quenching treatment is 6 °C / s to 10 °C / s, and the cooling rate of the second online quenching treatment is 10 °C / s to 15 °C / s.

[0011] The preparation method according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The preparation method of the embodiment adjusts the process of online quenching treatment so that the aluminum alloy profile quickly enters a rapid cooling process after being extruded from the extrusion device, thereby avoiding a slow temperature drop process and effectively improving the crushing performance.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the aluminum alloy ingot is at least one of a 6xxx aluminum alloy ingot and a 7xxx series aluminum alloy ingot.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the grade of the 6xxx series aluminum alloy ingot is selected from 6005, 6008, 6060, 6063, and 6082.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the grade of the 7xxx series aluminum alloy ingot is selected from 7003 and 7005.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heating temperature of the extrusion process is 500°C to 550°C. For example, it may be 500°C, 505°C, 510°C, 515°C, 520°C, 525°C, 530°C, 535°C, 540°C, 545°C or 550°C.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the extrusion ratio of the extrusion process is 20 to 60. For example, it can be 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58 or 60.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the extrusion speed of the extrusion process is 5m / min to 10m / min. For example, it can be 5m / min, 5.2m / min, 5.4m / min, 5.6m / min, 5.8m / min, 6m / min, 6.2m / min, 6.4m / min, 6.6m / min, 6.8m / min, 7m / min, 7.2m / min, 7.4m / min, 7.6m / min, 7.8m / min, 8m / min, 8.2m / min, 8.4m / min, 8.6m / min, 8.8m / min, 9m / min, 9.2m / min, 9.4m / min, 9.6m / min, 9.8m / min or 10m / min.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between the outlet of the first online quenching treatment and the inlet of the second online quenching treatment is 0m to 0.5m. For example, it can be 0.1m, 0.12m, 0.14m, 0.16m, 0.18m, 0.2m, 0.22m, 0.24m, 0.26m, 0.28m, 0.3m, 0.32m, 0.34m, 0.36m, 0.38m, 0.4m, 0.42m, 0.44m, 0.46m, 0.48m or 0.5m.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between the outlet of the extrusion process and the inlet of the first online quenching process is 0m to 0.5m. For example, it can be 0.1m, 0.12m, 0.14m, 0.16m, 0.18m, 0.2m, 0.22m, 0.24m, 0.26m, 0.28m, 0.3m, 0.32m, 0.34m, 0.36m, 0.38m, 0.4m, 0.42m, 0.44m, 0.46m, 0.48m or 0.5m.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the cooling zone of the first online quenching treatment is 1m to 1.5m. For example, it can be 1m, 1.02m, 1.04m, 1.06m, 1.08m, 1.1m, 1.12m, 1.14m, 1.16m, 1.18m, 1.2m, 1.22m, 1.24m, 1.26m, 1.28m, 1.3m, 1.32m, 1.34m, 1.36m, 1.38m, 1.4m, 1.42m, 1.44m, 1.46m, 1.48m or 1.5m.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first online quenching treatment and the second online quenching treatment are independently selected from liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling, air cooling, and spray cooling.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first online quenching treatment is liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling rate of the first online quenching treatment is 6°C / s to 10°C / s. For example, it may be 6°C / s, 6.2°C / s, 6.4°C / s, 6.6°C / s, 6.8°C / s, 7°C / s, 7.2°C / s, 7.4°C / s, 7.6°C / s, 7.8°C / s, 8°C / s, 8.2°C / s, 8.4°C / s, 8.6°C / s, 8.8°C / s, 9°C / s, 9.2°C / s, 9.4°C / s, 9.6°C / s, 9.8°C / s or 10°C / s.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second online quenching treatment is spray cooling or air cooling.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling rate of the second online quenching treatment is 10°C / s to 15°C / s. For example, it may be 10°C / s, 10.2°C / s, 10.4°C / s, 10.6°C / s, 10.8°C / s, 11°C / s, 11.2°C / s, 11.4°C / s, 11.6°C / s, 11.8°C / s, 12°C / s, 12.2°C / s, 12.4°C / s, 12.6°C / s, 12.8°C / s, 13°C / s, 13.2°C / s, 13.4°C / s, 13.6°C / s, 14°C / s, 14.2°C / s, 14.4°C / s, 14.6°C / s, 14.8°C / s or 15°C / s.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the stretching rate of the straightening process is 1% to 3%. For example, it can be 1%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2%, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9% or 3%.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the straightening process is a straightening sawing process.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the aging treatment temperature is 190° C. to 230° C. For example, it may be 190° C., 192° C., 194° C., 196° C., 198° C., 200° C., 202° C., 204° C., 206° C., 208° C., 210° C., 212° C., 214° C., 216° C., 218° C., 220° C., 222° C., 224° C., 226° C., 228° C. or 230° C.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the aging treatment time is 2 hours to 4 hours. For example, it can be 2 hours, 2.1 hours, 2.2 hours, 2.3 hours, 2.4 hours, 2.5 hours, 2.6 hours, 2.7 hours, 2.8 hours, 2.9 hours, 3 hours, 3.1 hours, 3.2 hours, 3.3 hours, 3.4 hours, 3.5 hours, 3.6 hours, 3.7 hours, 3.8 hours, 3.9 hours or 4 hours.

[0031] An energy absorption box according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention is prepared by the preparation method described in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

[0032] The above-mentioned preparation method or energy absorption box according to the third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention is used in the automotive field.

[0033] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a device involved in the method for preparing the energy absorbing box of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 are representative photos of the energy absorbing boxes prepared in Examples 1 to 6 after the crushing performance test;

[0036] Figure 3 These are representative photos of the energy absorption boxes prepared in Examples 1 to 3 after being subjected to a crush performance test. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the embodiments to clearly and completely describe the concept of the present invention and the technical effects produced, so as to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] If the specific conditions are not specified in the examples, the experiments were carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturers of the reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased from the market.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, if there is a description of first, second, etc., it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0040] When a numerical range is disclosed herein, the above range is considered to be continuous and includes the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between such minimum and maximum values. Further, when a range refers to an integer, every integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range is included. In addition, when multiple ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, the ranges can be combined. In other words, unless otherwise indicated, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges included therein.

[0041] Unless otherwise specified, "room temperature" in the present invention means (25±5)°C.

[0042] "And / or" is used to indicate that one or both of the stated situations may occur, for example, A and / or B includes (A and B) and (A or B).

[0043] In the related art, due to equipment limitations, after the product is extruded from the die, it needs to pass through a distance of about 1.5m to 2m to enter the quenching zone for online quenching. The inventor found that the distance between the outlet of the extrusion process and the entrance of the online quenching process is relatively long. Due to natural cooling, the second phase of the aluminum alloy profile precipitates, which affects the crushing performance of the product. If the cooling rate is increased, the product is likely to deform. The inventor added a liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling device between the extrusion device and the existing quenching equipment, controlled the distance between the equipment and the cooling rate of the product, and made the product enter the quenching process in advance, which can effectively ensure the crushing performance of the product.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, and the quenching device used is a liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling device and a spray cooling device arranged in sequence. The steps are as follows:

[0046] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0047] The 6063 aluminum alloy ingot was subjected to extrusion treatment. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 500°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 5m / min.

[0048] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0049] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is sequentially subjected to liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling and spray cooling to cool the aluminum alloy profile to room temperature.

[0050] The distance between the inlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device is 0.5m, and the length of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 1m; the distance between the outlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the inlet of the spray cooling zone is 0m. The cooling rate of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 8℃ / s, and the cooling rate of the spray cooling zone is 12℃ / s.

[0051] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0052] S4. Aging treatment:

[0053] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, and the quenching device used is a liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling device and a spray cooling device arranged in sequence. The steps are as follows:

[0056] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0057] The 6063 aluminum alloy ingot was subjected to extrusion treatment. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 550°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 5m / min.

[0058] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0059] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is sequentially subjected to liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling and spray cooling to cool the aluminum alloy profile to room temperature.

[0060] The distance between the inlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device is 0.5m, and the length of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 1m; the distance between the outlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the inlet of the spray cooling zone is 0m. The cooling rate of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 8℃ / s, and the cooling rate of the spray cooling zone is 12℃ / s.

[0061] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0062] S4. Aging treatment:

[0063] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, and the quenching device used is a liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling device and a spray cooling device arranged in sequence. The steps are as follows:

[0066] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0067] The 6063 aluminum alloy ingot was subjected to extrusion treatment. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 500°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 10m / min.

[0068] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0069] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is sequentially subjected to liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling and spray cooling to cool the aluminum alloy profile to room temperature.

[0070] The distance between the inlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device is 0.5m, and the length of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 1m; the distance between the outlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the inlet of the spray cooling zone is 0m. The cooling rate of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 8℃ / s, and the cooling rate of the spray cooling zone is 12℃ / s.

[0071] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0072] S4. Aging treatment:

[0073] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, and the quenching device used is a liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling device and a spray cooling device arranged in sequence. The steps are as follows:

[0076] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0077] The 6063 aluminum alloy ingot was subjected to extrusion treatment. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 550°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 10m / min.

[0078] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0079] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is sequentially subjected to liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling and spray cooling to cool the aluminum alloy profile to room temperature.

[0080] The distance between the inlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device is 0.5m, and the length of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 1m; the distance between the outlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the inlet of the spray cooling zone is 0m. The cooling rate of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 8℃ / s, and the cooling rate of the spray cooling zone is 12℃ / s.

[0081] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0082] S4. Aging treatment:

[0083] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0084] Example 5

[0085] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, and the quenching device used is a liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling device and a spray cooling device arranged in sequence. The steps are as follows:

[0086] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0087] The 6005 aluminum alloy ingot was extruded. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 500°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 5m / min.

[0088] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0089] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is sequentially subjected to liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling and spray cooling to cool the aluminum alloy profile to room temperature.

[0090] The distance between the inlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device is 0.5m, and the length of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 1m; the distance between the outlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the inlet of the spray cooling zone is 0m. The cooling rate of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 8℃ / s, and the cooling rate of the spray cooling zone is 12℃ / s.

[0091] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0092] S4. Aging treatment:

[0093] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0094] Example 6

[0095] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, and the quenching device used is a liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling device and a spray cooling device arranged in sequence. The steps are as follows:

[0096] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0097] The 6005 aluminum alloy ingot was subjected to extrusion treatment. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 550°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 10m / min.

[0098] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0099] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is sequentially subjected to liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling and spray cooling to cool the aluminum alloy profile to room temperature.

[0100] The distance between the inlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device is 0.5m, and the length of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 1m; the distance between the outlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the inlet of the spray cooling zone is 0m. The cooling rate of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 8℃ / s, and the cooling rate of the spray cooling zone is 12℃ / s.

[0101] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0102] S4. Aging treatment:

[0103] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0104] Comparative Example 1

[0105] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that the online quenching treatment is different.

[0106] The quenching device used is an air-cooled cooling device. The specific steps are as follows:

[0107] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0108] The 6063 aluminum alloy ingot was subjected to extrusion treatment. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 500°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 5m / min.

[0109] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0110] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is cooled by air to cool the aluminum alloy profile to room temperature.

[0111] The distance between the inlet of the air-cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device is 1.5 m, and the cooling rate of the air-cooling zone is 4°C / s.

[0112] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0113] S4. Aging treatment:

[0114] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0115] Comparative Example 2

[0116] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that the online quenching treatment is different.

[0117] The quenching device used is a spray cooling device. The specific steps are as follows:

[0118] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0119] The 6063 aluminum alloy ingot was subjected to extrusion treatment. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 500°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 5m / min.

[0120] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0121] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is spray-cooled to cool the aluminum alloy profile to room temperature.

[0122] The distance between the inlet of the spray cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device is 1.5 m, and the cooling rate of the spray cooling zone is 12°C / s.

[0123] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0124] S4. Aging treatment:

[0125] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0126] Comparative Example 3

[0127] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that the online quenching treatment is different.

[0128] The quenching device used is a natural cooling device. The specific steps are as follows:

[0129] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0130] The 6063 aluminum alloy ingot was subjected to extrusion treatment. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 500°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 5m / min.

[0131] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0132] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is naturally cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 1°C / s.

[0133] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0134] S4. Aging treatment:

[0135] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0136] Comparative Example 4

[0137] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that the online quenching treatment is different.

[0138] The quenching device used is a water-cooled cooling device. The specific steps are as follows:

[0139] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0140] The 6063 aluminum alloy ingot was subjected to extrusion treatment. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 500°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 5m / min.

[0141] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0142] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is cooled by water to cool the aluminum alloy profile to room temperature.

[0143] The distance between the inlet of the water-cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device is 1.5 m, and the cooling rate of the water-cooling zone is 20° C. / s.

[0144] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0145] S4. Aging treatment:

[0146] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0147] Comparative Example 5

[0148] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that the online quenching treatment is different.

[0149] The quenching device used is a liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling device and a natural cooling device that are set up in sequence. The specific steps are as follows:

[0150] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0151] The 6063 aluminum alloy ingot was subjected to extrusion treatment. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 500°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 5m / min.

[0152] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0153] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is sequentially subjected to liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling and natural cooling to cool the aluminum alloy profile to room temperature.

[0154] The distance between the inlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device is 0.5m, and the length of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 1m; the outlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the inlet of the natural cooling zone are arranged. The cooling rate of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 8℃ / s, and the cooling rate of the natural cooling zone is 1℃ / s.

[0155] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0156] S4. Aging treatment:

[0157] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0158] Comparative Example 6

[0159] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that the online quenching treatment is different.

[0160] The quenching device used is a liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling device and a water cooling device which are arranged in sequence. The specific steps are as follows:

[0161] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0162] The 6063 aluminum alloy ingot was subjected to extrusion treatment. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 500°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 5m / min.

[0163] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0164] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is sequentially subjected to liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling and water cooling to cool the aluminum alloy profile to room temperature.

[0165] The distance between the inlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device is 0.5m, and the length of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 1m; the distance between the outlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the inlet of the water cooling zone is 0m. The cooling rate of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 8℃ / s, and the cooling rate of the water cooling zone is 20℃ / s.

[0166] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0167] S4. Aging treatment:

[0168] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0169] Comparative Example 7

[0170] This example provides a method for preparing an energy absorption box, which is basically the same as Example 1, except that the online quenching treatment is different.

[0171] The quenching device used is a liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling device and a spray cooling device which are arranged in sequence. The specific steps are as follows:

[0172] S1. Extrusion treatment:

[0173] The 6063 aluminum alloy ingot was subjected to extrusion treatment. The heating temperature before extrusion was set to 500°C, the extrusion ratio was 40, and the extrusion speed was 5m / min.

[0174] S2. Online quenching treatment:

[0175] The extruded aluminum alloy profile is sequentially subjected to liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling and spray cooling to cool the aluminum alloy profile to room temperature.

[0176] The distance between the inlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device is 1m, and the length of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 0.5m; the distance between the outlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the inlet of the spray cooling zone is 0m. The cooling rate of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone is 8℃ / s, and the cooling rate of the spray cooling zone is 12℃ / s.

[0177] S3, straightening sawing process: the straightening rate is 2%.

[0178] S4. Aging treatment:

[0179] The aging treatment temperature is 210℃, the holding time is 3h, and the cooling method is natural cooling.

[0180] Test example

[0181] The tensile properties and crushing properties of the energy absorption boxes prepared in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were tested. The test method is as follows:

[0182] (1) Tensile properties: The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation are tested in accordance with GB / T 228.1-2021 Tensile tests on metallic materials - Part 1: Room temperature test methods.

[0183] (2) Crushing performance: Along the X direction of the vehicle, a collision surface larger than the product cross section is used, and the loading and crushing is performed at a speed of 100 mm / min. The compression amount is 50%, and the initial length of the profile is 300-500 mm.

[0184] The test results are shown in Table 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown.

[0185] Table 1

[0186]

[0187] The preparation methods of Examples 1 to 6 can produce energy absorbing boxes with excellent tensile and crushing properties. The distance between the inlet of the cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion zone of the online quenching treatment and the cooling rate will affect the energy absorption effect of the energy absorbing box. Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 all omitted liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling treatment, and only used air cooling, spray cooling, natural cooling, and water cooling, respectively. Among them, natural cooling has the lowest cooling rate and the product has the worst crushing performance, followed by air cooling, spray cooling, and water cooling. In addition, due to the excessive cooling rate of water cooling, the product is severely deformed. Comparative Examples 5 and 6 respectively changed spray cooling to natural cooling or water cooling. The cooling rate of natural cooling is low, but due to the cooling effect of liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling, the product has a certain crushing effect, and water cooling has excessive cooling rate, resulting in severe product deformation. In Comparative Example 7, the distance between the inlet of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone and the outlet of the extrusion device increased from 0.5 m to 1 m, and the length of the liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling zone decreased from 1 m to 0.5 m, resulting in insufficient cooling effect and poor crushing effect.

[0188] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an energy absorption box, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The aluminum alloy ingot is subjected to extrusion treatment, online quenching treatment, straightening treatment, and aging treatment in sequence to obtain the energy absorption box; Wherein, the distance between the inlet of the online quenching treatment and the outlet of the extrusion treatment is 0m to 0.5m; The online quenching treatment includes a first online quenching treatment and a second online quenching treatment performed sequentially, wherein the cooling rate of the first online quenching treatment is 6°C / s to 10°C / s, and the cooling rate of the second online quenching treatment is 10°C / s to 15°C / s.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling zone length of the first online quenching treatment is 1m to 1.5m; And / or, the distance between the outlet of the first online quenching treatment and the inlet of the second online quenching treatment is 0 m to 0.5 m.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first online quenching treatment and the second online quenching treatment are independently selected from liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling, air cooling, and spray cooling.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first online quenching treatment is liquid nitrogen vaporization cooling; And / or, the second online quenching treatment is spray cooling or air cooling.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating temperature of the extrusion treatment is 500°C to 550°C; And / or, the extrusion ratio of the extrusion treatment is 20 to 60; And / or, the extrusion speed of the extrusion process is 5m / min to 10m / min.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stretching rate of the straightening treatment is 1% to 3%.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The treatment temperature of the aging treatment is 190°C to 230°C; And / or, the aging treatment time is 2h to 4h.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy ingot is at least one of a 6xxx aluminum alloy ingot and a 7xxx series aluminum alloy ingot; Preferably, the grade of the 6xxx series aluminum alloy ingot is selected from 6005, 6008, 6060, 6063, 6082; Preferably, the grade of the 7xxx series aluminum alloy ingot is selected from 7003 and 7005.

9. An energy absorption box, characterized in that: Prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the energy absorption box according to claim 9 in the automotive field.

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