Preparation method of high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate, and relates to a preparation method of a beryllium / aluminum composite material plate. The invention aims to solve the problems of difficult molding and low strength of the existing beryllium / aluminum composite material. According to the method, the beryllium / aluminum composite material is prepared with pure aluminum as a matrix, then the beryllium / aluminum composite material thin plate is obtained through rolling, alloying of the matrix is achieved through the method that the beryllium / aluminum composite material thin plate and the metal foil are subjected to ply rolling and high-temperature diffusion, meanwhile, the effect of enhancing beryllium particles is achieved, and the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate is successfully prepared. The beryllium / aluminum composite material is prepared by taking pure aluminum as a matrix, and the aluminum as the matrix is low in strength, high in plasticity and easy to form, so that the problem that the beryllium / aluminum composite material is difficult to form is solved. The tensile strength of the prepared high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite plate reaches 534 MPa or above, the yield strength reaches 468 MPa or above, and the ductility reaches 5.6% or above.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate. Background Art

[0002] Due to its unique properties, beryllium / aluminum composites exhibit excellent properties of high strength, high stiffness and low density, making them a highly promising structural material. The lightweight characteristics of beryllium / aluminum composites enable them to perform well in the fields of aerospace and defense science and technology, and can effectively meet the strict requirements of these industries for material properties. In the field of aerospace, beryllium / aluminum composites can be used to manufacture key components such as aircraft fuselages and wings, which have extremely high requirements for strength and stiffness, while also needing to reduce weight as much as possible to improve flight performance and fuel efficiency. In terms of defense science and technology, this material is also suitable for the manufacture of various weapons and equipment and protective devices, providing a solid foundation for improving overall combat capabilities.

[0003] With the development of technology and the deepening of application, the market demand for beryllium / aluminum composite materials is becoming more urgent. The research and development of new beryllium / aluminum composite materials to improve their processability, specific stiffness and yield strength has become a key research direction in the industry. However, there are still difficulties in how to prepare high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite materials. The choice of aluminum matrix alloy in beryllium / aluminum composite materials has a significant impact on the performance of the material. For example, when the 2XXX series is selected as the matrix, the strength of the beryllium / aluminum composite material can be significantly improved, but it will lead to a decrease in plasticity and it will be difficult to achieve sheet forming. When pure Al is used as the matrix, the formability of the beryllium / aluminum composite material can be improved, but the strength cannot meet the requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of difficult forming and low strength of the current beryllium / aluminum composite materials, and to prepare beryllium / aluminum composite material plates efficiently and at low cost by adopting a method of realizing solid composite material alloying through high-temperature diffusion.

[0005] The preparation method of the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0007] The beryllium / aluminum composite material is prepared by a self-exhaust pressure infiltration method; the volume fraction of beryllium powder in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is 20% to 70%, and the aluminum matrix in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is pure aluminum;

[0008] Step 2: Thermal preheating of the beryllium / aluminum composite material and rolling mill rolls

[0009] Firstly, the beryllium / aluminum composite material is preheated to a temperature of 400-600°C, and then kept at a temperature of 400-600°C for 0.5h-6h; the rolling mill roller is preheated to a temperature 10°C-100°C lower than the preheating temperature of the beryllium / aluminum composite material and kept at a temperature of 0.5h-6h;

[0010] Step 3: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Sheets by Hot Rolling

[0011] The preheated beryllium / aluminum composite material is subjected to multiple hot rolling passes through a rolling mill, and the beryllium / aluminum composite material is annealed after each hot rolling pass to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material plate with a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm;

[0012] Step 4: Preparation of layered metal foil and beryllium / aluminum composite material

[0013] A plurality of beryllium / aluminum composite material plates are stacked, and metal foil is placed between adjacent beryllium / aluminum composite material plates to obtain a layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate, which is then hot-rolled to a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm;

[0014] The hot rolling process is as follows: firstly preheating the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate to a temperature of 400-600°C, and keeping the temperature at 400-600°C for 0.5h-6h; preheating the rollers of the rolling mill to a temperature 10°C-100°C lower than the preheating temperature of the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate and keeping the temperature for 0.5h-6h; performing multiple hot rolling on the preheated layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate through the rolling mill, and performing annealing on the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate after each hot rolling;

[0015] Step 5: Alloying of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0016] The hot-rolled layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in step 4 is placed in a muffle furnace and kept at 300-600° C. for 0.5-100 hours to diffuse the alloy elements in the metal foil into the beryllium / aluminum composite material, thereby obtaining a high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention first prepares beryllium / aluminum composite materials with pure aluminum as the matrix, and then obtains beryllium / aluminum composite material sheets by rolling, and then alloys the matrix by laminating the beryllium / aluminum composite material sheets with metal foils and diffusing them at high temperature, thereby achieving the effect of strengthening the beryllium particles and successfully preparing high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material sheets. Beryllium / aluminum composite materials are first prepared with pure aluminum as the matrix. Aluminum as the matrix has low strength and high plasticity, and is easy to shape, thus solving the problem that beryllium / aluminum composite materials are difficult to shape. The high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material sheet prepared by the present invention has a tensile strength of more than 534MPa, a yield strength of more than 468MPa, and an elongation of more than 5.6%;

[0019] 2. The present invention provides a method for preparing high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plates with high efficiency and low cost. The method has simple process, is easy to operate, and is easy to realize industrial production and application. The self-exhaust pressure infiltration method used in the present invention can prepare composite materials in an atmospheric environment without the need for inert gas protection; only one hot processing process is used in the plate preparation process, which has simple equipment requirements. The entire processing process only requires a rolling mill and a muffle furnace, so the process cost is low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Energy spectrum point analysis and surface analysis pictures of copper element diffusion into the matrix and reinforcement of beryllium / aluminum composite material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation modes listed below, but also includes any reasonable combination of the specific implementation modes.

[0022] Specific implementation method 1: The preparation method of the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate of this implementation method is carried out according to the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0024] The beryllium / aluminum composite material is prepared by a self-exhaust pressure infiltration method; the volume fraction of beryllium powder in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is 20% to 70%, and the aluminum matrix in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is pure aluminum;

[0025] Step 2: Thermal preheating of the beryllium / aluminum composite material and rolling mill rolls

[0026] Firstly, the beryllium / aluminum composite material is preheated to a temperature of 400-600°C, and then kept at a temperature of 400-600°C for 0.5h-6h; the rolling mill roller is preheated to a temperature 10°C-100°C lower than the preheating temperature of the beryllium / aluminum composite material and kept at a temperature of 0.5h-6h;

[0027] Step 3: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Sheets by Hot Rolling

[0028] The preheated beryllium / aluminum composite material is subjected to multiple hot rolling passes through a rolling mill, and the beryllium / aluminum composite material is annealed after each hot rolling pass to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material plate with a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm;

[0029] Step 4: Preparation of layered metal foil and beryllium / aluminum composite material

[0030] A plurality of beryllium / aluminum composite material plates are stacked, and metal foil is placed between adjacent beryllium / aluminum composite material plates to obtain a layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate, which is then hot-rolled to a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm;

[0031] The hot rolling process is as follows: firstly preheating the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate to a temperature of 400-600°C, and keeping the temperature at 400-600°C for 0.5h-6h; preheating the rollers of the rolling mill to a temperature 10°C-100°C lower than the preheating temperature of the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate and keeping the temperature for 0.5h-6h; performing multiple hot rolling on the preheated layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate through the rolling mill, and performing annealing on the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate after each hot rolling;

[0032] Step 5: Alloying of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0033] The hot-rolled layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in step 4 is placed in a muffle furnace and kept at 300-600° C. for 0.5-100 hours to diffuse the alloy elements in the metal foil into the beryllium / aluminum composite material, thereby obtaining a high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate.

[0034] This embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. In this embodiment, pure aluminum is first used as a matrix to prepare a beryllium / aluminum composite material, and then a beryllium / aluminum composite material sheet is obtained by rolling. Then, the beryllium / aluminum composite material sheet is alloyed by laminating and diffusing the beryllium / aluminum composite material sheet with a metal foil and performing high-temperature diffusion. At the same time, the beryllium particles are strengthened, and a high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material sheet is successfully prepared. First, pure aluminum is used as a matrix to prepare a beryllium / aluminum composite material. Aluminum as a matrix has low strength and high plasticity, and is easy to form. Therefore, the problem that beryllium / aluminum composite materials are difficult to form is solved. The high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material sheet prepared in this embodiment has a tensile strength of more than 534MPa, a yield strength of more than 468MPa, and an elongation of more than 5.6%;

[0036] 2. This embodiment provides a method for preparing high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plates with high efficiency and low cost. The method is simple in process, easy to operate, and easy to realize industrial production and application. The self-exhaust pressure infiltration method used in this embodiment can prepare composite materials in an atmospheric environment without the need for inert gas protection; only one hot processing process is used in the plate preparation process, and the equipment requirements are simple. The entire processing process only requires a rolling mill and a muffle furnace, so the process cost is low.

[0037] Specific implementation method 2: This implementation method is different from specific implementation method 1 in that: the purity of the beryllium powder described in step 1 is greater than 99%, and the average particle size is 5 to 800 μm.

[0038] Specific implementation method three: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods one or two in that: the beryllium powder in step one is one or more of irregular shapes, spherical shapes and beryllium turning chips.

[0039] Specific implementation method 4: This implementation method is different from any one of specific implementation methods 1 to 3 in that: the hot rolling rate in step 3 is 100 mm / min to 100 m / min.

[0040] Specific implementation method 5: This implementation method is different from any one of specific implementation methods 1 to 4 in that the deformation amount of each pass in step 3 is 1% to 20%.

[0041] Specific implementation method 6: This implementation method is different from any one of specific implementation methods 1 to 5 in that the temperature of the annealing treatment in step 3 is 200-600°C.

[0042] Specific implementation method seven: This implementation method is different from any one of specific implementation methods one to six in that: the metal foil in step four is steel foil, copper foil, titanium foil, nickel foil, gold foil, silver foil or zinc foil.

[0043] Specific implementation eight: This implementation differs from any one of specific implementations one to seven in that: the thickness of the metal foil in step four is 1 to 200 μm.

[0044] Specific implementation method 9: This implementation method is different from any one of specific implementation methods 1 to 8 in that: the hot rolling rate in step 4 is 100 mm / min to 100 m / min; and the deformation amount in each pass is 1% to 20%.

[0045] Specific implementation method ten: This implementation method is different from any one of specific implementation methods one to nine in that the temperature of the annealing treatment in step four is 200-600°C.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] The preparation method of the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate of this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0049] The beryllium / aluminum composite material is prepared by a self-exhaust pressure infiltration method; the volume fraction of beryllium powder in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is 60%, and the aluminum matrix in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is pure aluminum;

[0050] The purity of the beryllium powder is 99.5%, and the average particle size is 50 μm; the beryllium powder is industrial beryllium powder with irregular shape;

[0051] The method for preparing beryllium / aluminum composite materials by self-exhaust pressure infiltration is as follows:

[0052] ① Weigh 60% beryllium powder and 40% pure aluminum by volume, load the beryllium powder into a steel mold and press it into a preform at a pressure of 50 kN for 4 minutes; then put the steel mold containing the beryllium powder preform into a preheating furnace and preheat it at 600°C for 2 hours; ② Melt the pure aluminum at a temperature of 880°C to obtain liquid aluminum, and then pour the liquid aluminum into the steel mold preheated in step ①; ③ Move the pressure head downward at a pressure of 50 MPa and a speed of 5 mm / min to make the liquid aluminum infiltrate the gaps in the beryllium powder, and maintain the pressure at a pressure of 25 MPa for 3 minutes, and then cool it by circulating water to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material;

[0053] Step 2: Thermal preheating of the beryllium / aluminum composite material and rolling mill rolls

[0054] The beryllium / aluminum composite material is first preheated to a temperature of 540°C, and then kept at 540°C for 3 hours; the rolling mill roll is preheated to 450°C, and then kept at 450°C for 3 hours;

[0055] Step 3: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Sheets by Hot Rolling

[0056] The preheated beryllium / aluminum composite material is subjected to multiple hot rolling passes through a rolling mill, and the beryllium / aluminum composite material is annealed after each hot rolling pass to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material plate with a thickness of 1 mm;

[0057] The hot rolling rate is 240 mm / min;

[0058] The deformation amount of each pass is 3%;

[0059] The annealing temperature is 345°C;

[0060] Step 4: Preparation of layered metal foil and beryllium / aluminum composite material

[0061] A plurality of beryllium / aluminum composite material plates are stacked, and metal foil is placed between adjacent beryllium / aluminum composite material plates to obtain a layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate, which is then hot-rolled to a thickness of 1.2 mm;

[0062] The metal foil is copper foil;

[0063] The thickness of the metal foil is 50 μm;

[0064] The hot rolling process is as follows: first preheating the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate to a temperature of 540° C. and keeping the temperature at 540° C. for 3 hours; preheating the rolling mill roller to 450° C. and keeping the temperature for 3 hours; performing multiple hot rolling on the preheated layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate through the rolling mill, and performing annealing treatment on the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate after each hot rolling; the hot rolling rate is 240 mm / min; the deformation amount of each pass is 3%; the annealing temperature is 345° C.

[0065] Step 5: Alloying of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0066] The hot-rolled layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in step 4 is placed in a muffle furnace and kept at 495° C. for 24 hours to diffuse the alloy elements in the metal foil into the beryllium / aluminum composite material, thereby obtaining a high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate.

[0067] The high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in this embodiment has a tensile strength of 592 MPa, a yield strength of 521 MPa, and an elongation of 5.6%. Figure 1 Energy spectrum point analysis and surface analysis pictures of copper element diffusion into the matrix and reinforcement of beryllium / aluminum composite material. Figure 1 It can be explained that after rolling and high temperature diffusion, the copper element successfully diffused into the beryllium / aluminum composite material and was evenly distributed, and the spectrum Figure 1 The point analysis showed that part of the copper element diffused into the beryllium particles, which had a reinforcing effect.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] The preparation method of the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate of this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0071] The beryllium / aluminum composite material is prepared by a self-exhaust pressure infiltration method; the volume fraction of beryllium powder in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is 45%, and the aluminum matrix in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is pure aluminum;

[0072] The purity of the beryllium powder is 99.1%, and the average particle size is 80 μm; the beryllium powder is an irregularly shaped industrial beryllium powder.

[0073] The method for preparing beryllium / aluminum composite materials by self-exhaust pressure infiltration is as follows:

[0074] ① Weigh 45% beryllium powder and 55% pure aluminum by volume, load the beryllium powder into a steel mold and press it into a preform at a pressure of 70 kN for 10 minutes; then put the steel mold containing the beryllium powder preform into a preheating furnace and preheat it at 620°C for 2 hours; ② Melt the pure aluminum at a temperature of 860°C to obtain liquid aluminum, and then pour the liquid aluminum into the steel mold preheated in step ①; ③ Move the pressure head downward at a pressure of 30 MPa and a speed of 6 mm / min to make the liquid aluminum infiltrate the gaps in the beryllium powder, and maintain the pressure at 30 MPa for 5 minutes, and then cool it by circulating water to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material;

[0075] Step 2: Thermal preheating of the beryllium / aluminum composite material and rolling mill rolls

[0076] The beryllium / aluminum composite material is first preheated to a temperature of 530°C and then kept at 530°C for 2 hours; the rolling mill roll is preheated to 440°C and kept at this temperature for 3 hours;

[0077] Step 3: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Sheets by Hot Rolling

[0078] The preheated beryllium / aluminum composite material is subjected to multiple hot rolling passes through a rolling mill, and the beryllium / aluminum composite material is annealed after each hot rolling pass to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material plate with a thickness of 0.8 mm;

[0079] The hot rolling rate is 500 mm / min;

[0080] The deformation amount of each pass is 8%;

[0081] The annealing temperature is 400°C;

[0082] Step 4: Preparation of layered metal foil and beryllium / aluminum composite material

[0083] A plurality of beryllium / aluminum composite material plates are stacked, and metal foil is placed between adjacent beryllium / aluminum composite material plates to obtain a layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate, which is then hot-rolled to a thickness of 0.6 mm;

[0084] The metal foil is silver foil;

[0085] The thickness of the metal foil is 40 μm;

[0086] The hot rolling process is as follows: first preheating the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate to a temperature of 530° C. and keeping the temperature at 530° C. for 2 hours; preheating the rolling mill roller to 440° C. and keeping the temperature for 3 hours; performing multiple hot rolling on the preheated layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate through the rolling mill, and performing annealing treatment on the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate after each hot rolling; the hot rolling rate is 500 mm / min; the deformation amount of each pass is 8%; the annealing temperature is 400° C.

[0087] Step 5: Alloying of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0088] The hot-rolled layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in step 4 is placed in a muffle furnace and kept at 450° C. for 36 hours to diffuse the alloy elements in the metal foil into the beryllium / aluminum composite material, thereby obtaining a high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate.

[0089] The high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in this embodiment has a tensile strength of 534 MPa, a yield strength of 468 MPa, and an elongation of 7.5%.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] The preparation method of the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate of this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

[0092] Step 1: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0093] The beryllium / aluminum composite material is prepared by a self-exhaust pressure infiltration method; the volume fraction of beryllium powder in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is 40%, and the aluminum matrix in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is pure aluminum;

[0094] The purity of the beryllium powder is 99.6%, and the average particle size is 60 μm; the beryllium powder is spherical;

[0095] The method for preparing beryllium / aluminum composite materials by self-exhaust pressure infiltration is as follows:

[0096] ① Weigh 40% beryllium powder and 60% pure aluminum by volume, load the beryllium powder into a steel mold and press it into a preform at a pressure of 90 kN for 3 minutes; then put the steel mold containing the beryllium powder preform into a preheating furnace and preheat it at 530° C. for 2 hours; ② Melt the pure aluminum at a temperature of 840° C. to obtain liquid aluminum, and then pour the liquid aluminum into the preheated steel mold in step ①; ③ Move the pressure head downward at a pressure of 30 MPa and a speed of 5 mm / min to make the liquid aluminum infiltrate the gaps in the beryllium powder, and maintain the pressure at 30 MPa for 3 minutes, and then cool it by circulating water to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material;

[0097] Step 2: Thermal preheating of the beryllium / aluminum composite material and rolling mill rolls

[0098] The beryllium / aluminum composite material is first preheated to a temperature of 480°C and then kept at 480°C for 2 hours; the rolling mill roll is preheated to 400°C and kept at 480°C for 3 hours;

[0099] Step 3: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Sheets by Hot Rolling

[0100] The preheated beryllium / aluminum composite material is subjected to multiple hot rolling passes through a rolling mill, and the beryllium / aluminum composite material is annealed after each hot rolling pass to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material plate with a thickness of 1.5 mm;

[0101] The hot rolling rate is 800 mm / min;

[0102] The deformation amount of each pass is 5%;

[0103] The annealing temperature is 380°C;

[0104] Step 4: Preparation of layered metal foil and beryllium / aluminum composite material

[0105] A plurality of beryllium / aluminum composite material plates are stacked, and metal foil is placed between adjacent beryllium / aluminum composite material plates to obtain a layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate, which is then hot-rolled to a thickness of 2 mm;

[0106] The metal foil is nickel foil;

[0107] The thickness of the metal foil is 80 μm;

[0108] The hot rolling process is as follows: first preheating the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate to a temperature of 480°C and keeping the temperature at 480°C for 3 hours; preheating the rolling mill roller to 400°C and keeping the temperature for 3 hours; performing multiple hot rolling on the preheated layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate through the rolling mill, and performing annealing treatment on the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate after each hot rolling; the hot rolling rate is 800 mm / min; the deformation amount of each pass is 5%; the annealing temperature is 380°C;

[0109] Step 5: Alloying of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0110] The hot-rolled layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in step 4 is placed in a muffle furnace and kept at 390°C for 24 hours to diffuse the alloy elements in the metal foil into the beryllium / aluminum composite material, thereby obtaining a high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate. The high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in this embodiment has a tensile strength of 562MPa, a yield strength of 486MPa, and an elongation of 6.2%.

[0111] Example 4

[0112] The preparation method of the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate of this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

[0113] Step 1: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0114] The beryllium / aluminum composite material is prepared by a self-exhaust pressure infiltration method; the volume fraction of beryllium powder in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is 60%, and the aluminum matrix in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is pure aluminum;

[0115] The purity of the beryllium powder is 99.7%, and the average particle size is 100 μm; the beryllium powder is of irregular shape;

[0116] The method for preparing beryllium / aluminum composite materials by self-exhaust pressure infiltration is as follows:

[0117] ① Weigh 60% beryllium powder and 40% pure aluminum by volume, load the beryllium powder into a steel mold and press it into a preform at a pressure of 100 kN for 3 minutes; then put the steel mold containing the beryllium powder preform into a preheating furnace and preheat it at 600°C for 2 hours; ② Melt the pure aluminum at a temperature of 840°C to obtain liquid aluminum, and then pour the liquid aluminum into the steel mold preheated in step ①; ③ Move the pressure head downward at a pressure of 40 MPa and a speed of 5 mm / min to make the liquid aluminum infiltrate the gaps in the beryllium powder, and maintain the pressure at 40 MPa for 5 minutes, and then cool it by circulating water to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material;

[0118] Step 2: Thermal preheating of the beryllium / aluminum composite material and rolling mill rolls

[0119] The beryllium / aluminum composite material is first preheated to a temperature of 500°C and then kept at 500°C for 2 hours; the rolling mill roll is preheated to a temperature of 450°C and kept at this temperature for 2 hours;

[0120] Step 3: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Sheets by Hot Rolling

[0121] The preheated beryllium / aluminum composite material is subjected to multiple hot rolling passes through a rolling mill, and the beryllium / aluminum composite material is annealed after each hot rolling pass to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material plate with a thickness of 2 mm;

[0122] The hot rolling rate is 1000 mm / min;

[0123] The deformation amount of each pass is 6%;

[0124] The annealing temperature is 345°C;

[0125] Step 4: Preparation of layered metal foil and beryllium / aluminum composite material

[0126] A plurality of beryllium / aluminum composite material plates are stacked, and metal foil is placed between adjacent beryllium / aluminum composite material plates to obtain a layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate, which is then hot-rolled to a thickness of 2.5 mm;

[0127] The metal foil is zinc foil;

[0128] The thickness of the metal foil is 50 μm;

[0129] The hot rolling process is as follows: first preheating the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate to a temperature of 500° C. and keeping the temperature at 500° C. for 2 hours; preheating the rolling mill roller to 450° C. and keeping the temperature for 2 hours; performing multiple hot rolling on the preheated layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate through the rolling mill, and performing annealing treatment on the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate after each hot rolling; the hot rolling rate is 1000 mm / min; the deformation amount of each pass is 6%; the annealing temperature is 345° C.

[0130] Step 5: Alloying of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0131] The hot-rolled layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in step 4 is placed in a muffle furnace and kept at 450°C for 24 hours to diffuse the alloy elements in the metal foil into the beryllium / aluminum composite material, thereby obtaining a high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate. The high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in this embodiment has a tensile strength of 589 MPa, a yield strength of 534 MPa, and an elongation of 5.2%.

[0132] Example 5

[0133] The preparation method of the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate of this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

[0134] Step 1: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0135] The beryllium / aluminum composite material is prepared by a self-exhaust pressure infiltration method; the volume fraction of beryllium powder in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is 55%, and the aluminum matrix in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is pure aluminum;

[0136] The purity of the beryllium powder in step 1 is greater than 99.2%, and the average particle size is 300 μm; the beryllium powder is beryllium turning chips;

[0137] The method for preparing beryllium / aluminum composite materials by self-exhaust pressure infiltration is as follows:

[0138] ① Weigh 55% beryllium powder and 45% pure aluminum by volume, load the beryllium powder into a steel mold and press it into a preform at a pressure of 110 kN for 3 minutes; then put the steel mold containing the beryllium powder preform into a preheating furnace and preheat it at 550° C. for 2 hours; ② Melt the pure aluminum at a temperature of 850° C. to obtain liquid aluminum, and then pour the liquid aluminum into the steel mold preheated in step ①; ③ Move the pressure head downward at a pressure of 40 MPa and a speed of 5 mm / min to make the liquid aluminum infiltrate the gaps in the beryllium powder, and maintain the pressure at 40 MPa for 4 minutes, and then cool it by circulating water to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material;

[0139] Step 2: Thermal preheating of the beryllium / aluminum composite material and rolling mill rolls

[0140] The beryllium / aluminum composite material is first preheated to a temperature of 550°C and then kept at 550°C for 2 hours; the rolling mill roll is preheated to 510°C and kept at this temperature for 3 hours;

[0141] Step 3: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Sheets by Hot Rolling

[0142] The preheated beryllium / aluminum composite material is subjected to multiple hot rolling passes through a rolling mill, and the beryllium / aluminum composite material is annealed after each hot rolling pass to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material plate with a thickness of 1.5 mm;

[0143] The hot rolling rate is 300 mm / min;

[0144] The deformation amount of each pass is 4%;

[0145] The annealing temperature is 360°C;

[0146] Step 4: Preparation of layered metal foil and beryllium / aluminum composite material

[0147] A plurality of beryllium / aluminum composite material plates are stacked, and metal foil is placed between adjacent beryllium / aluminum composite material plates to obtain a layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate, which is then hot-rolled to a thickness of 1.8 mm;

[0148] The metal foil is copper foil;

[0149] The thickness of the metal foil is 100 μm;

[0150] The hot rolling process is as follows: first preheating the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate to a temperature of 550° C. and keeping the temperature at 550° C. for 2 hours; preheating the rolling mill roller to 510° C. and keeping the temperature for 3 hours; performing multiple hot rolling on the preheated layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate through the rolling mill, and performing annealing treatment on the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate after each hot rolling; the hot rolling rate is 300 mm / min; the deformation amount of each pass is 4%; the annealing temperature is 360° C.

[0151] Step 5: Alloying of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials

[0152] The hot-rolled layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in step 4 is placed in a muffle furnace and kept at 540°C for 12 hours to diffuse the alloy elements in the metal foil into the beryllium / aluminum composite material, thereby obtaining a high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate. The high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in this embodiment has a tensile strength of 605MPa, a yield strength of 532MPa, and an elongation of 5.4%.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate, characterized in that: The preparation method of the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate is carried out according to the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials The beryllium / aluminum composite material is prepared by a self-exhaust pressure infiltration method; the volume fraction of beryllium powder in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is 20% to 70%, and the aluminum matrix in the beryllium / aluminum composite material is pure aluminum; Step 2: Thermal preheating of the beryllium / aluminum composite material and rolling mill rolls Firstly, the beryllium / aluminum composite material is preheated to a temperature of 400-600°C, and then kept at a temperature of 400-600°C for 0.5h-6h; the rolling mill roller is preheated to a temperature 10°C-100°C lower than the preheating temperature of the beryllium / aluminum composite material and kept at a temperature of 0.5h-6h; Step 3: Preparation of Be / Aluminum Composite Sheets by Hot Rolling The preheated beryllium / aluminum composite material is subjected to multiple hot rolling passes through a rolling mill, and the beryllium / aluminum composite material is annealed after each hot rolling pass to obtain a beryllium / aluminum composite material plate with a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm; Step 4: Preparation of layered metal foil and beryllium / aluminum composite material A plurality of beryllium / aluminum composite material plates are stacked, and metal foil is placed between adjacent beryllium / aluminum composite material plates to obtain a layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate, which is then hot-rolled to a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm; The hot rolling process is as follows: firstly preheating the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate to a temperature of 400-600°C, and keeping the temperature at 400-600°C for 0.5h-6h; preheating the rollers of the rolling mill to a temperature 10°C-100°C lower than the preheating temperature of the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate and keeping the temperature for 0.5h-6h; performing multiple hot rolling on the preheated layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate through the rolling mill, and performing annealing on the layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate after each hot rolling; Step 5: Alloying of Be / Aluminum Composite Materials The hot-rolled layered beryllium / aluminum composite material plate obtained in step 4 is placed in a muffle furnace and kept at 300-600° C. for 0.5-100 hours to diffuse the alloy elements in the metal foil into the beryllium / aluminum composite material, thereby obtaining a high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate.

2. The method for preparing the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beryllium powder described in step 1 has a purity greater than 99% and an average particle size of 5 to 800 μm.

3. The method for preparing the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beryllium powder in step 1 is one or more of irregular shape, spherical shape and beryllium turning chips.

4. The method for preparing the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot rolling rate in step 3 is 100 mm / min to 100 m / min.

5. The method for preparing the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation amount of each pass in step 3 is 1% to 20%.

6. The method for preparing the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the annealing treatment in step 3 is 200-600°C.

7. The method for preparing the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal foil in step 4 is steel foil, copper foil, titanium foil, nickel foil, gold foil, silver foil or zinc foil.

8. The method for preparing the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the metal foil in step 4 is 1 to 200 μm.

9. The method for preparing the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot rolling rate in step 4 is 100 mm / min to 100 m / min; the deformation amount in each pass is 1% to 20%.

10. The method for preparing the high-strength beryllium / aluminum composite material plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the annealing treatment in step 4 is 200-600°C.

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