Spindle box structure and machine tool with same

Abstract

The invention provides a spindle box structure and a machine tool with the spindle box structure, the spindle box structure is mounted on a stand column, and the spindle box structure comprises a spindle box body, a mounting seat and an assembling plate; on the extension line of the stand column in the first direction, the installation base is installed on the top of the stand column, one end of the assembly plate is connected with the installation base, the other end of the assembly plate is in sliding fit with the spindle box body, and the spindle box body is movably arranged in the first direction. The mounting base is mounted at the top end of the stand column, the mounting base can more directly transmit force to the stand column, the vertical distance between the central axis of the stand column and the central axis of the main shaft is reduced by changing the mounting position of the mounting base and arranging the assembling plate, the overall structure is more compact, and torsion in the horizontal direction in the machining process can be effectively counteracted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of machine tools, and in particular relates to a spindle box structure and a machine tool having the spindle box structure. Background Art

[0002] The spindle box of a machine tool is a very important component in the machine tool. As a component used to arrange the high-speed electric spindle and its corresponding accessories in the machine tool, the spindle box is used to clamp and fix the processing spindle. The spindle box itself is installed on the slider of the equipment. The equipment drives the slider to move and drives the spindle box and the spindle to move synchronously to realize machining action. Therefore, the stability and rigidity of the spindle box directly affect the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the parts processed by the spindle during continuous processing.

[0003] In existing machine tools, the guide rails on the spindle box are generally arranged in a double-guide-rail and four-slide manner. The slide is installed on the side wall of the column, and the guide rail is provided on the side wall of the column. The spindle box is driven to move up and down by the sliding of the slider. However, when the spindle box moves left and right, it is difficult to offset the horizontal torque. During long-stroke processing on the Z-axis, the stability of the head and the brightness of the workpiece are difficult to guarantee. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a spindle box structure and a machine tool with the spindle box structure, which can solve the technical problem that the spindle box structure is difficult to offset the horizontal torque when the spindle box moves forward and backward to process the left and right sides of a workpiece, thereby affecting the stability of the spindle head.

[0005] The present invention provides a spindle box structure, which is installed on a column and comprises a spindle box body, a mounting seat and an assembly plate;

[0006] On the first direction extension line of the column, the mounting seat is installed on the top of the column, one end of the assembly plate is connected to the mounting seat, and the other end of the assembly plate is slidably matched with the spindle box body, and the spindle box body is movably arranged in the first direction.

[0007] In some embodiments, the assembly plate includes a first side plate and a second side plate, the first ends of the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively connected to the mounting seat, and the second ends of the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively slidably matched with the spindle box body.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first side plate and the second side plate each have a first support arm and a second support arm connected to each other, both ends of the first support arm extend in the first direction, the inner wall of the first support arm is connected to the side wall of the mounting seat, both ends of the second support arm extend in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and one end of the second support arm facing away from the first support arm is slidably matched with the side wall of the spindle box body.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the spindle box body, and the side walls of the spindle box body facing the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively provided with first guide sliding assemblies, the first guide sliding assembly includes a first guide sliding seat and a first guide rail, the first guide rail is installed on the side wall of the spindle box body, both ends of the first guide rail extend in the axial direction of the spindle box body, the outer wall surface of the first guide sliding seat is connected to the corresponding side plate, the inner wall surface of the first guide sliding seat is slidably matched with the first guide rail, and the first guide rail is movably arranged relative to the first guide sliding seat.

[0010] In some embodiments, a bracket for mounting a grating scale reading head is disposed on the main spindle box body, and a mounting groove for mounting a grating scale is disposed on the inner wall of the first side plate or the second side plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, a second guide slide assembly is provided on the side wall of the spindle box body facing the mounting seat, the second guide slide assembly includes a second guide slide seat and a second guide rail, the second guide rail is installed on the side wall of the spindle box body, both ends of the second guide rail extend in the axial direction of the spindle box body, the outer wall surface of the second guide slide seat is connected to the mounting seat, the inner wall surface of the second guide slide seat is slidably matched with the second guide rail, and the second guide rail is movably arranged relative to the second guide slide seat.

[0012] In some embodiments, a plurality of weight-reducing through grooves are provided on the side wall of the spindle box body facing away from the mounting seat, a weight-reducing strip groove is provided at the connection between the side wall of the spindle box body facing away from the mounting seat and the adjacent side wall, and a plurality of reinforcing plate ribs are provided in the weight-reducing strip groove.

[0013] In some embodiments, the side wall of the main spindle box body facing the mounting seat has a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is formed by a "M"-shaped rib plate and / or a "J"-shaped rib plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, a drive motor is further included, wherein the drive motor is mounted on the mounting seat and / or the spindle box body, and the drive motor is used to drive the spindle box body to move in a first direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, the drive motor is a linear induction motor, which includes a primary and a secondary. The primary is arranged on the side wall of the mounting seat facing the spindle box body, and the secondary is arranged on the side wall of the spindle box body facing the mounting seat. The secondary is used to drive the spindle box body to move in a first direction.

[0016] A machine tool comprises a spindle box structure and a column, wherein the spindle box structure is the above-mentioned spindle box structure, the first direction is a height direction, and the mounting seat is mounted on the top of the column.

[0017] The present invention provides a spindle box structure and a machine tool having the spindle box structure, which has the following features:

[0018] Beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention installs the mounting seat on the top of the column. The mounting seat can transfer force to the column more directly instead of applying it to the side of the column, which can provide more stable support and maintain the structural rigidity, rigidity and stability of the machine tool. Secondly, the conventional movement mode of the spindle box body is that the slider moves along the guide rail, and the slider drives the spindle box body to move. The setting of the assembly plate helps to provide better guidance when the spindle box moves, reduce the unstable factors caused by the movement of the slider, and thus enhance the stability of the spindle box under high-speed processing or heavy cutting conditions. Moreover, the assembly plate is equivalent to providing a support force for the spindle box body in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. By changing the installation position of the mounting seat and setting the assembly plate, the vertical distance between the center axis of the column and the center axis of the spindle is reduced. The overall structure is more compact, which can effectively offset the horizontal torque during processing, greatly increase the overall rigidity, and ensure the stability of the spindle head and the brightness of the workpiece during the maximum stroke of the Z-axis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a spindle box structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Another schematic diagram of the spindle box structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A side view of a spindle box structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a spindle box body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 Another schematic diagram of the spindle box body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6is a schematic diagram of a first side panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a second side plate of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a second guide slide assembly and a linear induction motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a hollow structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 is another schematic diagram of a hollow structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the force area of ​​the guide rail when the spindle box body of the embodiment of the present invention moves leftward along the X-axis;

[0033] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the force area of ​​the guide rail when the spindle box body moves rightward along the X-axis according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figures: 1-spindle box body; 2-mounting seat; 3-assembly plate; 31-first side plate; 32-second side plate; 301-first arm; 302-second arm; 4-first guide slide assembly; 401-first guide slide seat; 402-first guide rail; 5-column; 61-bracket; 62-mounting groove; 7-second guide slide assembly; 701-second guide slide seat; 702-second guide rail; 81-weight-reducing through groove; 82-weight-reducing strip groove; 83-reinforcement plate rib; 9-hollow structure; 10-linear induction motor; 111-primary; 112-secondary; 12-spindle; 13-machine tool; 14-workbench. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0037] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "on", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature with other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "on top of other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below" or "below other devices or structures" afterwards.

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 7 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a spindle box structure is provided, which is installed on a column 5, and includes a spindle box body 1, a mounting seat 2 and an assembly plate 3; on a first direction extension line of the column 5, the mounting seat 2 is installed on the column 5, one end of the assembly plate 3 is connected to the mounting seat 2, and the other end of the assembly plate 3 is slidably matched with the spindle box body 1, and the spindle box body 1 is movably arranged in the first direction.

[0039] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the coordinate system is selected as a reference, and the first direction refers to the Z coordinate. The movement direction of the Z coordinate is determined by the spindle 12 that transmits the cutting power, that is, the coordinate axis parallel to the axis of the spindle 12 is the Z coordinate, and the positive direction of the Z coordinate is the direction in which the tool leaves the workpiece, which can also be understood here as the height direction of the column 5 and the height direction of the spindle box body 1. The X coordinate is parallel to the clamping plane of the workpiece, and in this embodiment specifically refers to the direction in which the spindle box body 1 moves forward and backward, and the Y coordinate is the direction in which the spindle box body 1 moves left and right. The spindle box body 1 is used to install the spindle 12, and the processing end of the spindle 12 is set downward.

[0040] Specifically, on the first direction extension line of the column 5, that is, the height extension line of the column 5, the mounting seat 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the column 5, one end of the assembly plate 3 is connected to the spindle box body 1, and the other end of the assembly plate 3 is slidably matched with the spindle box body 1. The spindle box body 1 can move in the up and down directions. The up and down movement of the spindle box body 1 drives the spindle 12 to move to process the workpiece. During this process, the mounting seat 2 and the assembly plate 3 do not move.

[0041] In this embodiment, the column 5, as an important component of the machine tool 13, mainly supports the spindle box body 1 to meet the Z-axis movement of the spindle 12. The spindle box body 1 directly bears the cutting force and torque transmitted by the spindle 12. Compared with the conventional slide seat set on the side of the column 5, the mounting seat 2 (that is, the slide seat) is installed on the top of the column 5 in this embodiment. The mounting seat 2 can transmit the force to the column 5 more directly instead of applying it to the side of the column 5. This can provide more stable support and maintain the structural stiffness, rigidity and stability of the machine tool 13. Secondly, the conventional movement mode of the spindle box body 1 is that the slider moves along the guide rail, and the slider drives the spindle box body 1 to move. The setting of the assembly plate 3 helps to provide better guidance when the spindle box body 1 moves, and reduces the instability factors caused by the movement of the slider, thereby enhancing the stability of the spindle box body 1 under high-speed processing or heavy cutting conditions. Moreover, the assembly plate 3 is equivalent to providing a supporting force for the spindle box body 1 in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. By changing the installation position of the mounting seat 2 and setting the assembly plate 3, the vertical distance between the center axis of the column 5 and the center axis of the spindle 12 is reduced. The overall structure is more compact, which can effectively offset the horizontal torque during processing, greatly increase the overall rigidity, and ensure the stability of the spindle 12 head and the brightness of the workpiece during Z-axis maximum stroke processing.

[0042] As a specific implementation, the assembly plate 3 can be connected to the side wall of the spindle box body 1 facing the mounting seat 2, and can also be connected to the side walls on both sides of the mounting seat 2. Similarly, the assembly plate 3 can also slide with the side wall of the spindle box body 1 facing the mounting seat 2, and can also be slidably connected to the side walls on both sides of the spindle box body 1, as long as the assembly plate 3 can be connected to the mounting seat 2 and slideably cooperate with the spindle box body 1.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the assembly plate 3 includes a first side plate 31 and a second side plate 32 , the first ends of the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are respectively connected to the mounting seat 2 , and the second ends of the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are respectively slidably matched with the spindle box body 1 .

[0044] Specifically, compared with setting only one side plate, the assembly plate 3 of this embodiment includes a first side plate 31 and a second side plate 32, and the mounting seat 2 is connected to the spindle box body 1 through the two side plates. The mounting seat 2, the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are all fixed. Since the side plate and the spindle box body 1 are slidably matched, the spindle box body 1 can move up and down relative to the side plate.

[0045] In this embodiment, the mounting seat 2 is connected to the spindle box body 1 through two side plates, which can provide more balanced and stable support and enhance the rigidity of the entire structure. This symmetrical setting helps to disperse and balance the force acting on the spindle box body 1 and reduce the deformation caused by the uneven distribution of force. The setting of the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 provides a double guide, so that the spindle box body 1 is more stable and accurate when moving up and down. The double guide structure helps to reduce the displacement and vibration of the spindle box body 1 in the Z-axis direction and improve the processing accuracy. During the processing, especially when processing with a long stroke in the Z-axis, the spindle box body 1 is subjected to horizontal torsion. The setting of the two side plates helps to offset this torsion and maintain the stability of the spindle box body 1, thereby ensuring the processing quality.

[0046] See also Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are respectively arranged on both sides of the spindle box body 1, and the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 both have a first support arm 301 and a second support arm 302 connected to each other, both ends of the first support arm 301 extend in a first direction, the inner wall of the first support arm 301 is connected to the side wall of the mounting seat 2, and both ends of the second support arm 302 extend in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and one end of the second support arm 302 away from the first support arm 301 is slidably matched with the side wall of the spindle box body 1.

[0047] Specifically, the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 each have a first arm 301 and a second arm 302 connected to each other, both ends of the first arm 301 extend in the vertical direction, and the length direction of the first arm 301 corresponds to the height direction of the fixing seat. After the inner wall of the first arm 301 is buckled on the side wall of the mounting seat 2, the first arm 301 is connected to the mounting seat 2 by using a plurality of bolts; both ends of the second arm 302 extend in the horizontal direction, that is, extend in the Y-axis direction, and one end of the second arm 302 away from the first arm 301 is slidably matched with the spindle box body 1, and the first arm 301 and the second arm 302 are both fixed, and the spindle box body 1 slides relative to the second arm 302.

[0048] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the first arm 301 and the second arm 302 makes the connection between the side plate and the mounting seat 2 and the spindle box body 1 more stable. This structure helps to disperse and balance the force acting on the spindle box body 1 and reduce the deformation caused by the uneven distribution of force. The first arm 301 extends in the vertical direction and the second arm 302 extends in the horizontal direction. This arrangement provides a double-guide mechanism, which makes the spindle box body 1 more stable and accurate when moving up and down (Z axis) and horizontally (Y axis), reduces offset and vibration, and improves processing accuracy. During the processing, especially during long-stroke processing in the Z axis, the two sides (X axis direction) of the spindle box body 1 will be subjected to horizontal torsion. The arrangement of the two arms helps to offset this torsion, maintain the stability of the spindle box body 1, and thus ensure the processing quality.

[0049] As a specific implementation, the preferred arrangement of the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 of this embodiment is to be located on the side of the mounting seat 2 and the spindle box body 1, which is equivalent to the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 clamping the spindle box body 1 from both sides of the spindle box body 1, and the spindle box body 1 can move in the up and down directions, and the two side plates can play a better supporting role. In other embodiments, the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 can also be connected to other side walls of the mounting seat 2 and the spindle box body 1.

[0050] As a specific implementation, the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are L-shaped as a whole, the first arm 301 is a longer arm, and the second arm 302 is a shorter arm. The L-shaped structure can provide better stability and support in space due to its longer first arm 301 and shorter second arm 302. The longer first arm 301 provides the main support, while the shorter second arm 302 helps to provide additional stability in the horizontal direction. The first arm 301 and the second arm 302 of the L-shaped structure can more effectively transfer force from the spindle box body 1 to the mounting seat 2, and then to the column 5, reducing force loss and deformation, thereby improving the rigidity and stability of the overall structure.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first guide rail 402 is adapted to the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32. The original spindle box structure does not have an assembly plate 3 structure, and the mounting seat 2 (i.e., the slide seat) is set on the side of the column 5. The center of the spindle box body 1 is far away from the column 5. For the whole machine, the lever arm is farther and the structure is not compact. When processing in the left and right directions and the front and back directions, the spindle 12 shakes more seriously and the rigidity is insufficient. The L-shaped side plate is combined with the first guide rail 402 and the distance to the column 5 plus the trapezoidal extension setting at the bottom of the column 5. The lever arm is shorter, the rigidity is better, and the overall structure is more compact. The traditional spindle box structure without an L-shaped side plate is fully supported by the second guide slide assembly 7. When processing the workpiece left and right (X axis), the ability to resist external loads is weaker. By setting the first guide slide assembly 4, the contact area between the two and the spindle box body 1 is increased, and its rigidity is better than the traditional one.

[0052] See also Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are respectively arranged on both sides of the spindle box body 1, and the side walls of the spindle box body 1 facing the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are respectively provided with the first guide sliding assembly 4, the first guide sliding assembly 4 includes a first guide sliding seat 401 and a first guide rail 402, the first guide rail 402 is installed on the side wall of the spindle box body 1, and the two ends of the first guide rail 402 extend in the axial direction of the spindle box body 1, the outer wall surface of the first guide sliding seat 401 is connected to the corresponding side plate, the inner wall surface of the first guide sliding seat 401 is slidably matched with the first guide rail 402, and the first guide rail 402 is movably arranged relative to the first guide sliding seat 401.

[0053] Specifically, the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are respectively slidably matched with the main spindle box body 1 through the first guide slide assembly 4, and the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 both include a first arm 301 and a second arm 302, the wall surface of the second arm 302 facing the first guide slide seat 401 is the inner wall, the inner wall of the second arm 302 is connected to the outer wall surface of the first guide slide seat 401, the wall surface of the first guide slide seat 401 provided with the slide groove is the inner wall, and the inner wall surface of the first guide slide seat 401 is slidably matched with the first guide rail 402. When the main spindle box body 1 moves up and down, the first guide slide seat 401 and the two side plates are fixed, but the first guide rail 402 moves relative to the first guide slide seat 401, thereby driving the main spindle box body 1 to move. The conventional method is that the guide rail is fixed and the slide seat moves, while in this embodiment, the first guide rail 402 moves.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first guide slide assembly 4 includes a first guide slide seat 401 and a first guide rail 402. The first guide rail 402 is installed on the side wall of the main spindle box body 1. The outer wall surface of the first guide slide seat 401 is connected to the side plate, and the inner wall surface is slidably matched with the first guide rail 402. This arrangement allows the main spindle box body 1 to maintain precise guidance when moving up and down, ensuring the linearity and stability of the main spindle box body 1 when moving up and down, and improving the accuracy of the processing process. Moreover, when the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are equivalent to providing a supporting force from the front and back (X-axis) sides of the main spindle box body 1, it can offset the torsion of the main spindle box body 1 in the horizontal direction, and through the cooperation of the first guide rail 402 and the first guide slide seat 401, it can meet the up and down displacement of the main spindle box body 1 while providing better bearing capacity and rigidity, which is particularly important for the main spindle box body 1 that bears force and torque.

[0055] See also Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a bracket 61 for mounting a grating ruler reading head is provided on the main spindle box body 1, and a mounting groove 62 for mounting a grating ruler is provided on the inner wall of the first side plate 31 or the second side plate 32.

[0056] In this embodiment, specifically, the bracket 61 is arranged at a position close to the top of the first guide rail 402, and the mounting groove 62 is arranged on the inner wall of the second side panel 32. The bracket 61 is arranged at a position close to the top of the first guide rail 402. Such a layout can ensure the accurate relative position between the reading head and the grating scale, reduce installation errors, and improve the stability and reliability of the entire measurement system. Installing the grating scale on the inner wall of the side panel can provide a certain degree of protection for the grating scale and the reading head, reduce the influence of external factors such as dust and debris on the measurement accuracy, and by arranging the mounting groove 62 on the inner wall of the side panel, the internal space of the machine tool 13 can be effectively utilized, and the overall layout can be optimized, so that the installation of the grating scale and the reading head is more compact, and the occupation of the external space of the machine tool 13 is reduced.

[0057] See also Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a second guide slide assembly 7 is provided on the side wall of the spindle box body 1 facing the mounting seat 2. The second guide slide assembly 7 includes a second guide slide seat 701 and a second guide rail 702. The second guide rail 702 is installed on the side wall of the spindle box body 1. Both ends of the second guide rail 702 extend in the axial direction of the spindle box body 1. The outer wall surface of the second guide slide seat 701 is connected to the mounting seat 2. The inner wall surface of the second guide slide seat 701 is slidably matched with the second guide rail 702. The second guide rail 702 is movably arranged relative to the second guide slide seat 701.

[0058] Specifically, the side wall of the mounting seat 2 facing the main spindle box body 1 is connected to the outer side wall of the second guide slide seat 701, and the first arm 301 of the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are respectively connected to the side wall adjacent to the end face side wall; the side wall of the main spindle box body 1 facing the mounting seat 2 is provided with a second guide rail 702, and the second arm 302 of the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are respectively connected to the side wall adjacent to the end face side wall, that is, the second guide slide assembly 7 is located between the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32, and the second guide slide seat 701 plays the role of fixing the main spindle box body 1 and guiding. Combined with the setting of the first guide slide assembly 4, in the process of the main spindle box body 1 moving up and down, the mounting seat 2, the first side plate 31, the second side plate 32, the first guide slide seat 401 and the second guide slide seat 701 are all fixed, while the main spindle box body 1, the first guide rail 402 and the second guide rail 702 are all movable.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first guide slide assembly 4 and the second guide slide assembly 7 are provided at the same time, which is equivalent to supporting the three side walls of the main spindle box body 1, and the three side walls of the main spindle box body 1 are guided during the movement of the main spindle box body 1. By providing the guide slide assembly on the three side walls, a more balanced support can be provided, and the rigidity and stability of the entire main spindle box structure can be enhanced. The guide slide assemblies on the three side walls work together to ensure the linearity and stability of the main spindle box body 1 when it moves up and down. During the processing, especially during the long stroke processing of the Z axis, the main spindle box body 1 is subjected to horizontal torque. The provision of the guide slide assemblies on the three side walls helps to offset this torque, maintain the stability of the main spindle box body 1, and thus ensure the processing quality. In addition, the provision of the first guide slide assembly 4 and the second guide slide assembly 7 helps to reduce vibration and impact when the main spindle box body 1 moves, thereby improving the stability of the movement, which is very beneficial to improving the quality of the processed surface.

[0060] As a specific implementation, since the second guide slide seat 701 and the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 can all play the role of supporting the main spindle box body 1, two second guide rails 702 are arranged on the side wall of the main spindle box body 1 facing the mounting seat 2, and the two second guide rails 702 are arranged in parallel, and each second guide rail 702 is provided with two sliders, so that this embodiment is essentially a main spindle box structure with four guide rails and six slide seats. The arrangement of four guide rails and six slide seats provides multiple support points, increases the stability and rigidity of the main spindle box structure, and this structure helps to maintain the stability of the machine tool 13 when subjected to cutting force and torque, and reduces deformation. The arrangement of multiple guide rails and slide seats can disperse the load and improve the bearing capacity of the main spindle box body 1. Moreover, the arrangement of multiple guide rails and slide seats can provide more precise guidance to ensure the linearity and stability of the main spindle box body 1 when moving up and down.

[0061] See also Figures 1 to 7As shown, a plurality of weight-reducing through slots 81 are provided on the side wall of the main spindle box body 1 facing away from the mounting base 2. A weight-reducing strip-shaped slot 82 is provided at the connection between the side wall of the main spindle box body 1 facing away from the mounting base 2 and the adjacent side wall. A plurality of spaced reinforcing plate ribs 83 are provided in the weight-reducing strip-shaped slot 82.

[0062] In this embodiment, both ends of the weight-reducing strip-shaped slot 82 extend in the axial direction of the main spindle box body 1. The arrangement of the weight-reducing through slots 81 and the weight-reducing strip-shaped slot 82 can reduce the material usage of the main spindle box body 1, thereby reducing the weight of the main spindle box body 1. This arrangement helps to reduce the overall weight of the machine tool 13, reduce energy consumption, and improve the dynamic response speed. The combined use of the weight-reducing slots and the reinforcing plate ribs 83 can maintain or improve the stiffness of the main spindle box body 1 while reducing the weight. This arrangement improves the specific stiffness of the main spindle box body 1, that is, maintains the structural strength while reducing the weight. By reducing the weight and optimizing the structure, the dynamic performance of the main spindle box body 1 can be improved, and the vibration and deformation under high-speed machining or heavy cutting conditions can be reduced.

[0063] Refer to in combination Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the side wall of the main spindle box body 1 facing the mounting base 2 has a hollow structure 9, and the hollow structure 9 is formed by rib plates in a "rice" shape and / or rib plates in a "well" shape.

[0064] In this embodiment, in the upper part of the main spindle box body 1, the rib plate arrangement in a "rice" shape can effectively resist impacts in all directions, thereby maintaining stable rigidity. Secondly, in the vertical direction of the middle and lower parts of the main spindle box body 1, two vertical through ribs are adopted, and in the horizontal direction, five equal-distance reinforcing ribs are adopted. The rib plates as a whole present a "well" shape in the middle and lower parts, which can play a good role in resisting the deformation of the main spindle box body 1. Compared with the traditional main spindle box body 1 with extremely thin internal components and no through rib plates in the cavity, the main spindle box structure of the present invention has better stability during the processing process. The "rice" shape and "well" shape rib plates in the hollow structure 9 can improve the rigidity of the main spindle box body 1, enhance its bending strength and torsional strength. This arrangement helps the main spindle box body 1 to maintain stability when bearing cutting force and torque, and reduce deformation. By reasonably setting the hollow structure 9, the weight of the main spindle box body 1 can be reduced without sacrificing the structural strength, which has a positive effect on improving the dynamic response and energy efficiency of the machine tool 13. In this embodiment, by adjusting the structure and arrangement method of the rib plates inside the main spindle box body 1, the subsequent processing errors caused by the poor rigidity of the traditional main spindle box body 1 are solved, so that the rigidity and stability of the whole machine can be maintained stable during the long-term operation of the machine tool 13.

[0065] Refer to in combination Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it also includes a driving motor, which is mounted on the mounting seat 2 and / or the spindle box body 1, and is used to drive the spindle box body 1 to move in the first direction. Specifically, the driving motor is used to drive the spindle box body 1 to move, and the driving motor can be a servo motor or a screw motor, and the driving motor is mounted on the mounting seat 2. Or the driving motor can also be a split motor, such as a linear induction motor 10, in which case the driving part of the driving motor is mounted on the mounting seat 1, and the moving part is mounted on the spindle box body, so that the moving part of the driving motor drives the spindle box body 1 to move, that is, the spindle box body 1 is movable relative to the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32.

[0066] See also Figure 8 As shown, it also includes a linear induction motor 10, which includes a primary 111 and a secondary 112. The primary 111 is arranged on the side wall of the mounting seat 2 facing the spindle box body 1, and the secondary 112 is arranged on the side wall of the spindle box body 1 facing the mounting seat 2. The secondary 112 is used to drive the spindle box body 1 to move in the first direction.

[0067] Specifically, the present embodiment drives the spindle box body 1 to move by setting a linear induction motor 10. Since the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are arranged on both sides of the mounting seat 2, the primary 111 (rotor) is arranged on the side wall of the mounting seat 2 facing the spindle box body 1 and is located between the two side plates; both ends of the secondary 112 (stator) extend in the axial direction of the spindle box body 1. Since the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are respectively located on both sides of the spindle box body 1, the secondary 112 is located between the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32. The first guide rail 402 and the second guide rail 702 of the present embodiment are to be moved, and the secondary 112 is set on the spindle box body 1, and the secondary 112 drives the spindle box body 1 to move. When the linear induction motor 10 is working, the primary 111 fixed on the mounting seat 2 is stationary, and the secondary 112 drives the spindle box body 1 to move up and down through the second slide on the second guide rail 702. The second guide rail 702 is fixed on the guide rail mounting groove behind the spindle box body 1. When the spindle box body 1 actually moves up and down, the second guide slide 401, the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 are all stationary, and the two first guide slides 701 are also stationary. Instead, the secondary 112 drives the first guide rail 402 and the second guide rail 702 of the spindle box body 1 to move up and down, which is different from the traditional method that the guide rail is stationary and the slide block moves up and down.

[0068] In this embodiment, the linear induction motor 10 can directly drive the spindle box body 1 to move in the first direction (Z axis). The cooperation between the secondary 112 of the linear induction motor 10 and the second guide rail 702 can provide precise guiding and positioning functions, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the machine tool during movement, so that the spindle 12 can move along a predetermined path, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the machine tool 13. Moreover, the cooperation between the secondary 112 of the linear induction motor 10 and the second guide rail 702 can effectively distribute the load to the entire guide rail system, ensuring that the load is evenly distributed on the guide rail, and avoiding deformation or damage caused by excessive local stress.

[0069] See also Figure 1 and Fig.11 As shown, a machine tool includes a spindle box structure and a column 5. The spindle box structure is the above-mentioned spindle box structure. The first direction is the height direction. The mounting seat 2 is installed on the top of the column 5. The spindle box body 1 is vertically arranged. The spindle 12 is installed in the spindle box body 1, and the processing end of the spindle 12 faces the workbench 14.

[0070] Specifically, the vertical distance between the axial center line of the second guide rail 702 and the axial center line of the spindle box body 1 is Y1, and the vertical distance between the axial center line of the first guide rail 402 and the axial center line of the spindle box body 1 is Y2. After the first guide rail 402 is installed on the side of the spindle box body 1, the original distance from the second guide rail 702 to the spindle box body 1 is changed from distance Y1 to distance Y2, that is, the distance between the guide rail supporting the spindle box body 1 and the spindle box body 1 becomes smaller, the stability of the processing end of the high-speed spindle 12 is better, and good rigidity can be maintained during the processing. At the same time, by setting the first side plate 31 and the second side plate 32 connected with the corresponding first guide rail 402, when the spindle box body 1 moves back and forth (X-axis) to process the side of the workpiece, the spindle box body 1 exhibits good rigidity.

[0071] Specifically, the present embodiment is a spindle box structure with a first side plate 31 and a second side plate 32, so that the throat depth distance from the center of the high-speed spindle 12 to the column 5 is shortened to dy1, and the trapezoidal extension setting at the bottom of the column 52 shortens the distance to dy2. For the machine tool 13, the smaller the throat extension, the better, and the overall structure is more compact. During long-term processing, the verticality of the Y-axis and the Z-axis will not sag due to their inertia, thereby enhancing the overall rigidity and ensuring long-term processing accuracy and stability. In addition, the engineering proportion of the entire spindle box body 1, the vertical distance from the center line of the second slider to the top of the spindle 12, that is, the distance in the Z-axis direction is Z1, the vertical distance from the center line of the second slider to the bottom of the spindle box body 1 is Z2, the vertical distance from the bottom of the spindle box body 1 to the processing end of the spindle 12 is Z3, and the ratio of distance Z1 to distance Z2 and distance Z3 is 1:1.14, which is more reasonable and exceeds the standard. The arrangement of four guide rails and six sliders, plus the mounting surface of the cylinder counterweight bracket 61 left on the top of the spindle box body 1, makes the force-bearing area of ​​the entire spindle box body 1 concentrated on the position of the mounting seat 2, closer to the column 5, thereby enhancing the rigidity and stability of the entire machine tool 13. The engineering proportion of the overall structure of the spindle box body 1 is more reasonable than the traditional one.

[0072] See also Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, it is worth noting that, with the top view of the machine tool 13 as the projection surface, when the spindle box body 1 moves from right to left in the X-axis direction, the spindle box body 1 processes the workpiece, and the workpiece applies a reverse force to the spindle box body 1, and the force is borne by the first guide rail 402 and the two second guide rails 702 of the second side plate 32, and the force-bearing area of ​​the three guide rails presents a triangular force; when the spindle box body 1 moves from left to right in the X-axis direction, the spindle box body 1 processes the workpiece, and the workpiece also applies a reverse force to the spindle box body 1, and the force is borne by the first guide rail 402 and the two second guide rails 702 of the first side plate 31, and the force-bearing area of ​​the three guide rails presents a triangular force. In this way, when processing the long stroke of the Z axis, the force-bearing area presents a triangular force, which can present good stability performance when processing the workpiece on the left and right sides, and has strong rigidity and precision retention.

[0073] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, under the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0074] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spindle box structure, mounted on a column (5), characterized in that: include: A spindle box body (1), a mounting seat (2) and an assembly plate (3); On the first direction extension line of the column (5), the mounting seat (2) is installed on the top end of the column (5), one end of the assembly plate (3) is connected to the mounting seat (2), and the other end of the assembly plate (3) is slidably matched with the spindle box body (1), and the spindle box body (1) is movably arranged in the first direction.

2. The spindle box structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The assembly plate (3) comprises a first side plate (31) and a second side plate (32), wherein the first ends of the first side plate (31) and the second side plate (32) are respectively connected to the mounting seat (2), and the second ends of the first side plate (31) and the second side plate (32) are respectively slidably matched with the spindle box body (1).

3. The spindle box structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first side plate (31) and the second side plate (32) both have a first support arm (301) and a second support arm (302) connected to each other, the two ends of the first support arm (301) extend in the first direction, the inner wall of the first support arm (301) is connected to the side wall of the mounting seat (2), the two ends of the second support arm (302) extend in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the end of the second support arm (302) facing away from the first support arm (301) is slidably matched with the side wall of the spindle box body (1).

4. The spindle box structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first side plate (31) and the second side plate (32) are respectively arranged on both sides of the spindle box body (1), and the side walls of the spindle box body (1) facing the first side plate (31) and the second side plate (32) are respectively provided with first guide slide assemblies (4), and the first guide slide assembly (4) includes a first guide slide seat (401) and a first guide rail (402), and the first guide rail (402) is installed on the side wall of the spindle box body (1), and both ends of the first guide rail (402) extend in the axial direction of the spindle box body (1), the outer wall surface of the first guide slide seat (401) is connected to the corresponding side plate, the inner wall surface of the first guide slide seat (401) is slidably matched with the first guide rail (402), and the first guide rail (402) is movably arranged relative to the first guide slide seat (401).

5. The spindle box structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The spindle box body (1) is provided with a bracket (61) for mounting a grating ruler reading head, and the inner wall of the first side plate (31) or the second side plate (32) is provided with a mounting groove (62) for mounting a grating ruler.

6. The spindle box structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second guide and slide assembly (7) is provided on the side wall of the main spindle box body (1) facing the mounting seat (2). The second guide and slide assembly (7) includes a second guide and slide seat (701) and a second guide rail (702). The second guide rail (702) is installed on the side wall of the main spindle box body (1). The two ends of the second guide rail (702) extend in the axial direction of the main spindle box body (1). The outer wall surface of the second guide and slide seat (701) is connected to the mounting seat (2). The inner wall surface of the second guide and slide seat (701) is in sliding fit with the second guide rail (702). The second guide rail (702) is movably arranged relative to the second guide and slide seat (701).

7. The spindle box structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of weight reduction through slots (81) are provided on the side wall of the main spindle box body (1) facing away from the mounting seat (2). A weight reduction strip-shaped slot (82) is provided at the connection between the side wall of the main spindle box body (1) facing away from the mounting seat (2) and the adjacent side wall. A plurality of spaced strengthening ribs (83) are provided in the weight reduction strip-shaped slot (82).

8. The spindle box structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The side wall of the main spindle box body (1) facing the mounting seat (2) has a hollow structure (9). The hollow structure (9) is formed by rib plates in a "rice" shape and / or rib plates in a "well" shape.

9. The spindle box structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It further includes a driving motor. The driving motor is installed on the mounting seat (2) and / or the main spindle box body (1). The driving motor is used to drive the main spindle box body (1) to move in a first direction.

10. The spindle box structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The driving motor is a linear induction motor (10). The linear induction motor (10) includes a primary (111) and a secondary (112). The primary (111) is provided on the side wall of the mounting seat (2) facing the main spindle box body (1). The secondary (112) is provided on the side wall of the main spindle box body (1) facing the mounting seat (2). The secondary (112) is used to drive the main spindle box body (1) to move in a first direction.

11. A machine tool, comprising a spindle box structure and a column (5), characterized in that: The main spindle box structure is the main spindle box structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10. The first direction is the height direction. The mounting seat (2) is installed at the top of the column (5).

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