Turnover rotary workbench special for electron beam welding spherical end socket

Abstract

The invention discloses a special overturning and rotating workbench for electron beam welding of a spherical end socket, and belongs to the field of electron beam welding workbenches, the special overturning and rotating workbench comprises a base, a box body with an overturning function is arranged on the base, the box body is connected with the base through an overturning mechanism, and the box body is connected with the workbench through a rotating mechanism; turnover transmission of the workbench is achieved through a servo motor, a planetary reducer and a gear assembly in the turnover mechanism, and rotation transmission of the workbench is achieved through rotation of a rotating motor, a double-lead worm, a worm gear, double gears, a crossed roller bearing, a tapered roller bearing and a lock nut in the rotating mechanism. By means of the structure, the special overturning and rotating workbench for electron beam welding of the spherical end socket aims at achieving all-directional flexible adjustment of the end socket in the welding process, improving the welding efficiency and quality, ensuring the clamping stability, enhancing the universality of the workbench and reducing the enterprise cost at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electron beam welding workbenches, in particular to a special turning and rotating workbench for electron beam welding spherical heads. Background Art

[0002] Electron beam welding is a high energy density welding method with the advantages of fast welding speed, large weld depth-to-width ratio, and small heat-affected zone. It is widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, pressure vessels and other fields. In the electron beam welding process, the welding of the head is an important link. However, since the head is a hollow hemispherical shape and weighs 40 tons, the turning requires the axis to be coaxial with the center of the head. The existing workbench often cannot meet the flexible turning and rotation requirements of the head during the welding process, and due to the requirements for the center position of the rotating ear shaft, if the ear shaft is placed on both sides, the overall size will be greatly increased, thereby increasing the requirements for the vacuum chamber, pump group, etc.

[0003] In the process of electron beam welding of the head, it is necessary to perform welding operations on the head at multiple angles and positions. The existing workbench often has the following disadvantages:

[0004] Firstly, the existing workbench flipping and rotation functions are relatively simple and cannot achieve flexible adjustment at multiple angles. As a result, it is difficult to accurately locate the welding position when welding heads of complex shapes, affecting the welding efficiency and quality.

[0005] Secondly, the entire head cannot be welded as a whole. Since the head is composed of multiple semi-arc workpieces, welding can only be done by opening and closing the furnace many times, which is repetitive and cumbersome, and has low work efficiency.

[0006] Third, the existing workbench has poor versatility and is difficult to adapt to heads of different sizes and shapes, which increases the equipment cost of the enterprise.

[0007] Fourthly, the existing workbench is bulky, which greatly affects the volume of the vacuum chamber, thereby affecting the vacuum pumping speed and increasing the equipment cost of the enterprise. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a special flip and rotating worktable for electron beam welding of spherical heads, which aims to achieve all-round and flexible adjustment of the heads during the welding process, improve welding efficiency and quality, ensure the stability of clamping, and at the same time enhance the versatility of the worktable and reduce enterprise costs.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a special flip rotating workbench for electron beam welding spherical heads, comprising a base, on which is disposed a box with a flipping function, the box being connected to the base via a flipping mechanism, and the box being connected to the workbench via a rotating mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the base includes a bottom plate arranged at the bottom end, reinforcing ribs are arranged on both sides of the top end of the bottom plate, a support arm is arranged in the middle of the top end of the bottom plate, and an ear shaft is rotatably arranged at the top end of the support arm.

[0011] Preferably, a support arm upper cover is provided at the top end of the support arm, and the support arm upper cover is provided on the ear shaft, and the ear shaft is connected to the support arm and the support arm upper cover through a YRT bearing and a cylindrical roller bearing.

[0012] Preferably, box seats are provided on both sides of the top end of the support arm, the box seats are sleeved on both ends of the ear axis, and the box seats are connected to the box body.

[0013] Preferably, the rear end of the support wall is connected to the back plate via a second reinforcing rib.

[0014] Preferably, the flipping mechanism includes a flipping reduction gear box arranged on the base, a servo motor is arranged on the base, the output end of the servo motor is connected to a coupling 1 through a planetary reducer, coupling 1 is connected to the rotating shaft through a worm gear structure arranged in the flipping reduction gear box, a flipping gear 1 is arranged on the rotating shaft, flipping gear 1 is meshingly connected with flipping gear 2, and flipping gear 2 is centered by an ear shaft and connected to the box body.

[0015] Preferably, two groups of turnover mechanisms are provided, and the two groups of turnover mechanisms are symmetrically distributed about the center of the box.

[0016] Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes a double-gear anti-backlash reduction box arranged on the box body, and a double-lead worm one and a double-lead worm two are rotatably arranged in the double-gear anti-backlash reduction box. One end of the double-lead worm one is connected to the output end of the rotating motor through coupling two, and the other end of the double-lead worm one is connected to the double-lead worm two through a toothed spline sleeve.

[0017] Preferably, the double-lead worm one is connected to worm wheel one, the double-lead worm two is connected to worm wheel two, gear one is provided on worm wheel one, gear two is provided on worm wheel two, gear one and gear two are meshingly connected with an externally toothed cross roller bearing, the inner ring of the externally toothed cross roller bearing is connected to the housing, and the outer ring of the externally toothed cross roller bearing is connected to the workbench.

[0018] Preferably, the ends of the double-lead worm 1 and the double-lead worm 2 away from the toothed spline sleeve are connected to the double-gear anti-backlash reducer through a tapered roller bearing, and the ends of the double-lead worm 1 and the double-lead worm 2 connected to the tapered roller bearing are provided with a lock nut.

[0019] Therefore, the present invention adopts a special turning and rotating worktable for electron beam welding spherical heads with the above structure, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The present invention can realize all-round flexible and precise adjustment of the head during the welding process through the synergistic effect of the flipping and rotating mechanisms, thereby improving the welding efficiency and quality;

[0021] (2) The workbench of the present invention can clamp heads of different sizes and shapes, reduce displacement and shaking during welding, and increase the versatility of the workbench;

[0022] (3) The present invention realizes flip transmission through a servo motor, a planetary reducer, and a gear assembly, and realizes rotation transmission through a rotary motor, a double-lead worm, a worm wheel, a double gear, a cross roller bearing, a tapered roller bearing, and a lock nut, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the workbench in long-term use;

[0023] (4) The trunnion of the present invention is arranged at the center of the workbench, which reduces the overall dimensions and the size of the supporting equipment, thereby reducing the enterprise cost;

[0024] (5) Electron beam welding requires vacuuming. Due to the large size of the head, vacuuming takes a long time. The existing single fan-shaped surface welding structure requires the position of the head to be adjusted, so multiple vacuuming is required, which takes a long time. Compared with the existing single fan-shaped surface welding structure, the present invention has a workbench with the function of flipping and rotating, and can adjust the position of the head in all directions. All welds can be welded by pumping and degassing once, and the accuracy is higher, the fault tolerance is higher, the welding quality is guaranteed, and the welding efficiency is improved.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the flip and rotating workbench according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the trunnion structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 The flip mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 5 The flip mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rollover reduction gearbox according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the flip gears according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 The rotating mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional Figure 1 ;

[0034] Fig. 9 The rotating mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention is a three-dimensional Figure 2 ;

[0035] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a double-gear backlash-eliminating reduction gearbox according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the connection between a gear and an externally toothed cross roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the lock nut connection structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals

[0039] 1. Base; 101. Bottom plate; 102. Reinforcement rib 1; 103. Support arm; 104. Support arm upper cover; 105. Trunnion; 106. YRT bearing; 107. Cylindrical roller bearing; 108. Box seat; 109. Reinforcement rib 2; 110. Back plate;

[0040] 2. Flipping mechanism; 201. Flipping reduction box; 202. Servo motor; 203. Planetary reduction gear; 204. Coupling 1; 205. Worm gear structure; 206. Rotating shaft; 207. Flipping gear 1; 208. Flipping gear 2;

[0041] 3. Rotating mechanism; 301. Double-gear anti-backlash reduction gearbox; 302. Double-lead worm gear 1; 303. Double-lead worm gear 2; 304. Coupling 2; 305. Worm gear 1; 306. Worm gear 2; 307. Gear 1; 308. Gear 2; 309. External toothed cross roller bearing; 310. Tapered roller bearing; 311. Lock nut.

[0042] 4. Workbench;

[0043] 5. Box body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0046] Like reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are directions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the special turning and rotating worktable 4 for electron beam welding spherical heads of the present invention comprises a base 1, a turning mechanism 2 and a rotating mechanism 3. Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, a box body 5 with a flipping function is arranged on the base 1. The base 1 includes a bottom plate 101 arranged at the bottom end, and two sides of the top of the bottom plate 101 are provided with reinforcing ribs 102, and a support arm 103 is arranged in the middle of the top of the bottom plate 101. The rear end of the support arm 103 is connected to the back plate 110 through the reinforcing rib 2 109. The reinforcing rib, the support arm 103, the back plate 110, and the reinforcing rib 2 109 are all installed on the bottom plate 101 through high-strength bolts to ensure the overall structural strength and support the entire upper structure. A support arm upper cover 104 is arranged at the top of the support arm 103, and a trunnion 105 is rotatably arranged at the top of the support arm 103. The support arm upper cover 104 is covered on the ear shaft 105. The top of the support arm 103 and the support arm upper cover 104 are adapted to each other, and the ear shaft 105 is sleeved therein. The ear shaft 105 is connected to the support arm 103 and the support arm upper cover 104 through the 106YRT bearing and the cylindrical roller bearing 107 to provide a flipping guide function. The ear shaft 105 is connected to the support arm 103 through the 106YRT bearing and the cylindrical roller bearing 107. The 106YRT bearing ensures the axial load. There are two cylindrical roller bearings 107 to ensure the radial load. Box seats 108 are provided on both sides of the top of the support arm 103. The box seats 108 are sleeved on both ends of the ear shaft 105, and the box seats 108 are connected to the box body 5. The box seat 108 includes an upper cover and a base 1, which are adapted to each other to sleeve the two ends of the ear shaft 105 therein, and the box seat 108 is connected to the box body 5, so that the entire box body 5 can be turned over with the ear shaft 105 as the center.

[0050] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the box 5 is connected to the base 1 through the flip mechanism 2. The flip mechanism 2 is provided with two groups, and the two groups of flip mechanisms 2 are symmetrically distributed about the center of the box 5, so that the flipping movement is smoother. Figure 6 As shown, the flip mechanism 2 includes a flip reduction box 201 disposed on the base 1, a servo motor 202 is disposed on the base 1, the output end of the servo motor 202 is connected to a coupling 204 through a planetary reducer 203, and the coupling 204 is connected to a rotating shaft 206 through a worm gear structure 205 disposed in the flip reduction box 201. Figure 7 As shown, a flip gear 1 207 is provided on the rotating shaft 206, and the flip gear 1 207 is meshed and connected with the flip gear 2 208, and the flip gear 208 is centered through the ear shaft 105 and connected to the box body 5. One end of the rotating shaft 206 is rotatably connected to the flip reduction box 201, and the other end of the rotating shaft 206 passes through the flip reduction box 201 and is rotatably connected to the rotating seat located on the bottom plate 101, and the flip gear 1 207 is located outside the flip reduction box 201.

[0051] The servo motor 202, the planetary reducer 203, the coupling 1 204, and the flip reduction box 201 are installed on the bottom plate 101 of the base 1. The worm gear structure 205 adopts the existing structure. The servo motor 202 transmits power to the worm gear structure 205 in the flip reduction box 201 through the planetary reducer 203 and the coupling 1 204, thereby driving the rotating shaft 206 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft 206 drives the flip gear 1 207 to rotate. The flip gear 1 207 transmits power to the flip gear 2 208, wherein the flip gear 2 208 is connected to the box body 5 through the base 1 ear shaft 105 centering and high-strength bolts, thereby driving the box body 5 to flip through the ear shaft 105.

[0052] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown, the housing 5 is connected to the workbench 4 through the rotating mechanism 3. The rotating mechanism 3 includes a double-gear anti-backlash reduction box 301 arranged on the housing 5, and a double-pitch worm 1 302 and a double-pitch worm 2 303 are rotatably arranged in the double-gear anti-backlash reduction box 301. Fig.10 As shown, one end of the double-lead worm 1 302 is connected to the output end of the rotating motor through the coupling 2 304, and the rotating motor is installed on the double-gear anti-backlash reduction box 301. The other end of the double-lead worm 1 302 is connected to the double-lead worm 2 303 through a toothed spline sleeve. The double-lead worm 1 302 is connected to the worm wheel 1 305, and the double-lead worm 2 303 is connected to the worm wheel 2 306. The worm wheel 1 305 is provided with a gear 1 307, and the worm wheel 2 306 is provided with a gear 2 308. Fig.11 As shown, gear 1 307 and gear 2 308 are meshed and connected with an external toothed cross roller bearing 309, and the outer ring edge of the external toothed cross roller bearing 309 is toothed. The inner ring of the external toothed cross roller bearing 309 is connected to the box body 5 by bolts, and the outer ring of the external toothed cross roller bearing 309 is connected to the workbench 4 by bolts.

[0053] The rotating motor drives the workbench 4 to rotate through the double-gear anti-backlash reduction box 301, so that the head can rotate 360 ​​degrees in the horizontal direction. The rotating motor transmits the torque to the double-lead worm 1 302 through the coupling 2 304, and the double-lead worm 1 302 transmits the torque to the double-lead worm 2 303 through the toothed spline sleeve, and transmits the torque to the worm gear 1 305 and the worm gear 2 306 through the double-lead worm 1 302 and the double-lead worm 2 303. The worm gear 1 305 and the worm gear 2 306 rotate in the double-gear anti-backlash reduction box 301 through the central shaft body, and the gear 1 307 and the gear 2 308 are installed on the worm gear, thereby driving the external toothed cross roller bearing 309 to rotate, and then driving the workbench 4 to rotate. Fig.12As shown, the ends of the double-lead worm 1 302 and the double-lead worm 2 303 away from the toothed spline sleeve are connected to the double-gear anti-backlash reduction box 301 through a tapered roller bearing 310, and are respectively matched with lock nuts 311. There are two lock nuts 311, one at each end. The double-lead worm 1 302 and the double-lead worm 2 303 are not limited in the axial direction, and when they rotate, they will drive the two lock nuts to rotate. During the rotation and tightening process of the lock nuts, the double-lead worm 1 302 and the double-lead worm 2 303 are axially moved toward the two ends of the double-gear anti-backlash reduction box 301, so that the gear 1 307 and the gear 2 308 move in opposite directions, thereby eliminating the rotation backlash. This method can greatly improve the rotation accuracy and the rigidity of the rotating structure, thereby improving the accuracy of the welded head and reducing the failure rate.

[0054] When in use, the servo motor 202 drives the rotating shaft 206 to rotate through the planetary reducer 203, the coupling 1 204, and the worm gear structure 205. The rotation of the rotating shaft 206 drives the flipping gear 1 207 to rotate. The flipping gear 1 207 drives the flipping gear 2 208 to rotate, thereby driving the box body 5 to flip through the ear shaft 105. The flipping of the box body 5 drives the workbench 4 to flip. The rotating motor drives the double-lead worm 1 302 to rotate through the coupling 2 304. The double-lead worm 1 302 rotates through the double-lead worm 2 303 of the toothed spline sleeve. The double-lead worm 1 302 and the double-lead worm 2 303 respectively drive the worm wheel 1 305 and the worm wheel 2 306 to rotate, thereby driving the gear 1 307 and the gear 2 308 to rotate. The rotation of the gear 1 307 and the gear 2 308 drives the cross roller bearing to rotate, thereby driving the workbench 4 to rotate.

[0055] Therefore, the present invention adopts a special flip rotating worktable 4 of the above structure for electron beam welding of spherical heads, aiming to achieve all-round and flexible adjustment of the heads during the welding process, improve welding efficiency and quality, ensure clamping stability, and at the same time enhance the versatility of the worktable 4 and reduce enterprise costs.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special turning and rotating workbench for electron beam welding of spherical heads, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a base, on which a box body with a flipping function is arranged, the box body is connected to the base through a flipping mechanism, and the box body is connected to a workbench through a rotating mechanism.

2. The special turning and rotating worktable for electron beam welding of spherical heads according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The base comprises a bottom plate arranged at the bottom end, reinforcing ribs are arranged on both sides of the top end of the bottom plate, a support arm is arranged in the middle of the top end of the bottom plate, and an ear shaft is rotatably arranged on the top end of the support arm.

3. The special turning and rotating worktable for electron beam welding of spherical heads according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A support arm upper cover is arranged at the top end of the support arm, and the support arm upper cover is arranged on the ear shaft, and the ear shaft is connected with the support arm and the support arm upper cover through a YRT bearing and a cylindrical roller bearing.

4. The special turning and rotating worktable for electron beam welding of spherical heads according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Box seats are arranged on both sides of the top end of the support arm. The box seats are sleeved on the two ends of the ear shaft and are connected with the box body.

5. The special turning and rotating worktable for electron beam welding of spherical heads according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rear end of the supporting wall is connected to the back plate through a second reinforcing rib.

6. The special turning and rotating worktable for electron beam welding of spherical heads according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The flipping mechanism includes a flipping reduction box arranged on the base, a servo motor is arranged on the base, the output end of the servo motor is connected to coupling 1 through a planetary reducer, coupling 1 is connected to the rotating shaft through a worm gear structure arranged in the flipping reduction box, a flipping gear 1 is arranged on the rotating shaft, the flipping gear 1 is meshed and connected with the flipping gear 2, and the flipping gear 2 is centered by the ear shaft and connected to the box body.

7. The special turning and rotating worktable for electron beam welding of spherical heads according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Two groups of turnover mechanisms are provided, and the two groups of turnover mechanisms are symmetrically distributed about the center of the box body.

8. The special turning and rotating worktable for electron beam welding of spherical heads according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a double-gear anti-backlash reduction box arranged on a box body, in which a double-lead worm 1 and a double-lead worm 2 are rotatably arranged, one end of the double-lead worm 1 is connected to the output end of the rotating motor through a coupling 2, and the other end of the double-lead worm 1 is connected to the double-lead worm 2 through a toothed spline sleeve.

9. The special turning and rotating worktable for electron beam welding of spherical heads according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The double-lead worm gear 1 is connected to the worm wheel 1, the double-lead worm gear 2 is connected to the worm wheel 2, the worm wheel 1 is provided with a gear 1, the worm wheel 2 is provided with a gear 2, the gear 1 and the gear 2 are meshed and connected with an externally toothed cross roller bearing, the inner ring of the externally toothed cross roller bearing is connected to the box body, and the outer ring of the externally toothed cross roller bearing is connected to the workbench.

10. The special turning and rotating worktable for electron beam welding of spherical heads according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ends of the double-lead worm gear 1 and the double-lead worm gear 2 away from the toothed spline sleeve are connected to the double-gear anti-backlash reduction box through tapered roller bearings, and the ends of the double-lead worm gear 1 and the double-lead worm gear 2 connected to the tapered roller bearings are provided with lock nuts.

Images