Laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite auxiliary cutting device

Abstract

The invention relates to a laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite auxiliary cutting device which comprises a base plate and a rotating device arranged on the base plate, and further comprises a cutting assembly which is arranged on a cutter feeding assembly and comprises a connecting base, a vibration device, a connecting rod and a cutter head which are connected in sequence, and further comprises a laser assembly movably arranged on the connecting base. The position of the laser assembly is adjusted by arranging the worm gear, the worm and the threaded rod, when the tool bit is close to / away from the central axis of the workpiece in the radius direction of the workpiece, the worm gear is driven to rotate through rolling of the rolling shaft on the transverse rod, then the threaded rod is driven to rotate, and the sliding block slides at high precision through two-stage speed reduction; the distance between a laser action point and a tool bit cutting point is controlled, so that the position of the laser action point is adjusted in real time according to the radius of a workpiece, and the cutting quality is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of cutting technology, and in particular relates to a laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite auxiliary cutting device. Background Art

[0002] Laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting is a new special processing technology. It uses the high-frequency vibration of the tool to further improve the cutting quality based on laser heating assisted cutting. The laser heat source is mainly used to increase the temperature of the material to be removed and improve the cutting performance. The purpose of applying ultrasonic vibration at the tool end is to reduce the local heat accumulation in the cutting area and reduce thermal damage to the tool.

[0003] In the laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting process, in order to achieve the expected laser preheating effect, the laser action point and the cutting point should always maintain a certain distance. This distance is determined by parameters such as laser power, workpiece speed, and workpiece radius. During the cutting process, as the workpiece radius gradually decreases, the above distance cannot be adjusted in real time, resulting in deviations in the position of the laser action point, affecting the cutting effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem and to provide a laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting device in which the distance between the laser action point and the cutting point can be adjusted in real time.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite auxiliary cutting device, comprising a substrate, a rotating device arranged on the substrate, and

[0007] A cutting assembly is arranged on the knife feeding assembly, comprising a connecting seat, a vibrating device, a connecting rod and a cutter head connected in sequence, and also comprising a laser assembly movably arranged on the connecting seat;

[0008] An adjustment component, which is used to adjust the distance between the laser action point of the laser component and the cutter head, comprises a sliding seat extending from the connecting seat, a sliding block slidably arranged in the sliding seat, the laser component is arranged on the sliding block, the sliding block is driven by a threaded rod rotatably arranged on the sliding seat, a worm gear is arranged on the shaft of the threaded rod, a rolling shaft is arranged on the connecting seat, and a worm corresponding to the worm gear is arranged at the end of the rolling shaft;

[0009] The crossbar is horizontally arranged on the base plate and parallel to the rotating surface of the rotating device. The crossbar is used to contact the rolling shaft and drive the laser assembly to move through the worm gear when the tool head approaches / moves away from the workpiece axis, so that the laser action point approaches / moves away from the tool head.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the rotating device includes a driving part and a clamp arranged at the end of the rotating shaft of the driving part, wherein the clamp is used to fix the workpiece coaxially with the driving part. The rotating device is a prior art. By clamping the workpiece on the clamp, the clamp can make the rotation axis of the workpiece coincide with the axis of the driving part. Driven by the rotating device, the workpiece rotates at a high speed, and a cutting effect is generated when the edge of the workpiece contacts the cutter head.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the knife feeding assembly includes a slide rail arranged on a base plate, a slide seat sliding along the slide rail, and a translation seat slidably connected along the slide seat, and the connecting seat is arranged on the translation seat. The knife feeding assembly is used for feeding and translating the tool head. This scheme performs servo control on the position of the tool head by setting a sliding device in two dimensions. The slide seat and the translation seat in this scheme are both equipped with a servo drive device.

[0012] As a further preferred scheme, the sliding seat is connected to the connecting seat through a fixed arm, and a spring is arranged in the sliding seat, one end of the spring is connected to the sliding seat end arm, and the other end abuts on the sliding block. This scheme eliminates the return clearance of the threaded rod by arranging a spring in the sliding seat. Since the threaded rod has a return clearance, there is return idle motion due to the change of the thread meshing surface between forward and reverse switching. In order to eliminate the return clearance, the thread meshing surface between the threaded rod and the sliding block is kept unchanged by the spring. That is to say, during the descent of the sliding block, it is not pushed down by the thread, but driven down by the spring and its own weight, thereby eliminating the return clearance and greatly improving the accuracy.

[0013] As a further preferred scheme, the worm wheel and worm are divided into a first worm wheel, a second worm wheel, a first worm meshing with the first worm wheel, and a second worm meshing with the second worm wheel, wherein the first worm wheel and the second worm wheel are coaxially arranged with the threaded rod, and the first worm and the second worm are respectively in contact with the cross bar through a rolling axis, and are respectively used to drive the threaded rod to rotate clockwise / counterclockwise. Similarly, this scheme is to eliminate the return clearance between the worm wheel and the worm, and a double worm is set, which is used to drive the threaded rod clockwise / counterclockwise, respectively, and always maintains force in the force direction of its driving, and will not disengage, thereby eliminating the return clearance of the worm wheel and the worm, and further improving the accuracy.

[0014] As a further preferred scheme, the rolling axes corresponding to the first worm and the second worm are in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the cross bar respectively, and the first worm and the second worm are respectively meshed with their corresponding worm wheels on opposite sides of the threaded rod. This scheme further provides a connection method for worm wheels to eliminate return clearance. Through this type of meshing, when the first worm rotates, it directly pushes the first worm wheel to rotate in its driving direction. When reverse adjustment is required, it is no longer driven by the first worm but is directly driven by the second worm, thereby eliminating the return clearance of the first worm.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment, rotating sleeves are provided at both ends of the worm and the rolling shaft, wherein the rotating sleeve at one end is axially slidingly arranged with the connecting seat, and an adjusting structure is provided on the rotating sleeve at the other end for eliminating the meshing clearance between the first worm and the second worm and their corresponding worm wheels. The purpose of setting the adjusting structure is to debug the two worms. By pulling the two worms in the same direction through the adjusting structure, the two coaxial worm wheels are subjected to opposite clockwise / counterclockwise pushing tendencies. The two opposite tendencies counteract each other to prevent the worm wheel from shaking, and each worm is already subjected to force in the pushing direction, which can directly drive the turbine to rotate.

[0016] As a further preferred scheme, the adjustment structure includes two connecting parts arranged on the sliding seat, the rotating sleeve is slidably arranged along the connecting parts, and a threaded adjustment rod is arranged on the connecting part. The threaded adjustment rod is rotationally connected to the sliding end of the rotating sleeve. This scheme further provides a specific form of the adjustment structure, and the rotating sleeve is pulled to slide by the threaded adjustment rod. The rotating sleeve rotates compared to the worm gear and is slidably connected compared to the sliding seat, and the sliding connection should limit the rotation of the sliding part of the rotating sleeve.

[0017] As a further preferred solution, the threaded adjustment rod is threadedly connected to the connecting portion, and a knob is provided at the end of the threaded adjustment rod.

[0018] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention adjusts the position of the laser assembly by providing a worm gear and a threaded rod. When the cutter head approaches or moves away from the center axis of the workpiece along the radial direction of the workpiece, the rolling of the rolling shaft on the cross bar drives the worm gear to rotate, thereby driving the threaded rod to rotate. After two-stage deceleration, the sliding block slides with high precision, controlling the distance between the laser action point and the cutting point of the cutter head, thereby adjusting the position of the laser action point in real time according to the radius of the workpiece, thereby greatly improving the cutting quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is an overall top view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a top view of the cutting assembly and the adjusting assembly of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is the front view of the cutting assembly and the adjusting assembly of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure of part A.

[0024] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure of part B.

[0025] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure of part C in the middle;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of adjusting the first worm and the second worm of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a first worm drive of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second worm drive of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the laser action point and the cutting point of the tool head of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1. substrate; 2. rotating device; 21. driving part; 22. fixture; 3. knife feeding assembly; 31. slide rail; 32. slide seat; 33. translation seat; 4. cutting assembly; 41. connecting seat; 42. vibration device; 43. connecting rod; 44. cutter head; 45. laser assembly; 5. adjustment assembly; 51. fixed arm; 52. sliding seat; 53. sliding block; 54. threaded rod; 55. spring; 56. first worm gear; 57. second worm gear; 58. first worm; 59. second worm; 510. rolling shaft; 511. rotating sleeve; 512. connecting part; 513. threaded adjustment rod; 514. knob; 6. cross bar; 61. support column; 7. workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting device includes a substrate 1, a rotating device 2 arranged on the substrate 1, and also includes

[0034] The cutting assembly 4 is arranged on the knife feeding assembly 3, and includes a connecting seat 41, a vibrating device 42, a connecting rod 43 and a knife head 44 which are connected in sequence, and also includes a laser assembly 45 which is movably arranged on the connecting seat 41;

[0035] The adjusting assembly 5 is used to adjust the distance between the laser action point of the laser assembly 45 and the cutter head 44, and includes a sliding seat 52 extending from the connecting seat 41, and a sliding block 53 slidably arranged in the sliding seat 52. The laser assembly 45 is arranged on the sliding block 53, and the sliding block 53 is driven by a threaded rod 54 rotatably arranged on the sliding seat 52. The shaft of the threaded rod 54 is provided with a worm gear. The connecting seat 41 is provided with a rolling shaft 510, and the end of the rolling shaft 510 is provided with a worm corresponding to the worm gear;

[0036] The cross bar 6 is horizontally arranged on the base plate 1, connected by the support column 61, and parallel to the rotating surface of the rotating device 2. The cross bar 6 is used to contact the rolling axis 510 and drive the laser assembly 45 to move through the worm gear when the tool head 44 approaches / moves away from the axis of the workpiece 7, so that the laser action point approaches / moves away from the tool head 44.

[0037] Working principle: The present invention adjusts the position of the laser assembly 45 by setting a worm gear and a threaded rod 54, such as Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , when the translation seat 33 moves upward from the perspective of the figure, that is, the cutter head 44 approaches the axis of the workpiece 7 along the radial direction of the workpiece 7, the rolling of the rolling shaft 510 on the crossbar 6 drives the worm gear to rotate, thereby driving the threaded rod 54 to rotate. After two-stage deceleration, the sliding block 53 slides with high precision, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, the laser needs to act on point M in advance, while the cutter head 44 acts on point N. During cutting, the workpiece 7 rotates from point M to point N. When the radius of the workpiece 7 becomes smaller, the cutter head 44 acts on point N'. The laser action point needs to be at point M'. The spacing of MN and the spacing of M'N' vary linearly with the radius. Therefore, in this solution, the distance between the laser action point and the cutting point of the cutter head 44 is controlled by a linear ratio, so that the position of the laser action point can be adjusted in real time according to the radius of the workpiece 7, thereby greatly improving the cutting quality.

[0038] It should be noted that a limiting structure needs to be provided so that the sliding seat 52 and the sliding block 43 can only slide but not rotate, which will not be elaborated here.

[0039] Furthermore, the rotating device 2 includes a driving part 21 and a clamp 22 arranged at the end of the rotating shaft of the driving part 21. The clamp 22 is used to fix the workpiece 7 coaxially with the driving part 21. The rotating device 2 is a prior art. By clamping the workpiece 7 on the clamp 22, the clamp 22 can make the rotation axis of the workpiece 7 coincide with the axis of the driving part 21. Driven by the rotating device 2, the workpiece 7 rotates at a high speed, and a cutting effect is generated when the edge of the workpiece 7 contacts the cutter head 44.

[0040] The knife feeding assembly 3 includes a slide rail 31 arranged on the base plate 1, a slide seat 32 sliding along the slide rail 31, and a translation seat 33 slidably connected along the slide seat 32. The connecting seat 41 is arranged on the translation seat 33. The knife feeding assembly 3 is used for feeding and translating the tool head 44. In this scheme, the position of the tool head 44 is servo-controlled by setting a sliding device in two dimensions. The slide seat 32 and the translation seat 33 in this scheme are both equipped with servo drive devices.

[0041] The sliding seat 52 is connected to the connecting seat 41 through the fixed arm 51, and a spring 55 is arranged in the sliding seat 52, one end of the spring 55 is connected to the end arm of the sliding seat 52, and the other end abuts on the sliding block 53. This scheme eliminates the return clearance of the threaded rod 54 by arranging the spring 55 in the sliding seat 52. Since the threaded rod 54 has a return clearance, there is return idle motion due to the change of the thread meshing surface between the forward and reverse switching. In order to eliminate the return clearance, the thread meshing surface between the threaded rod 54 and the sliding block 53 is kept unchanged by the spring 55. That is to say, during the descent of the sliding block 53, it is not pushed down by the thread surface, but driven down by the spring 55 and its own weight, thereby eliminating the return clearance and greatly improving the accuracy.

[0042] Furthermore, in order to eliminate the return clearance of the worm gear, the worm gear and the worm gear are divided into a first worm wheel 56, a second worm wheel 57, a first worm gear 58 meshing with the first worm wheel 56, and a second worm gear 59 meshing with the second worm wheel 57, wherein the first worm wheel 56 and the second worm gear 57 are both coaxially arranged with the threaded rod 54, and the first worm gear 58 and the second worm gear 59 are respectively in contact with the cross bar 6 through a rolling shaft 510, which are respectively used to drive the threaded rod 54 to rotate clockwise / counterclockwise, and the rolling shafts 510 corresponding to the first worm gear 58 and the second worm gear 59 are respectively in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the cross bar 6, and the first worm gear 58 and the second worm gear 59 are respectively meshed with their corresponding worm wheels on opposite sides of the threaded rod 54.

[0043] In this solution, a double worm is provided to drive the threaded rod 54 clockwise / counterclockwise respectively, and the force is always maintained in the force direction of the drive without disengagement, thereby eliminating the return clearance of the worm gear and further improving the accuracy. Figure 7 As shown, after the first worm 58 and the first worm wheel 56 are subjected to force, there is a tendency to push the first worm wheel 56 to rotate counterclockwise, and after the second worm 59 and the second worm wheel 57 are subjected to force, there is a tendency to push the second worm wheel 57 to rotate clockwise. Such tendencies are balanced when the rolling shaft 510 does not rotate, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, when the fixed arm 51 moves upward, the rotation direction of the two rolling shafts 510 is shown in the figure. In this rotation direction, the first worm 58 and the first worm wheel 56 are directly subjected to force, driving the first worm wheel 56 to rotate counterclockwise, and vice versa. Fig. 9As shown, the second worm 59 directly drives the second worm wheel 57 to rotate, and the double worm wheel drive eliminates the return clearance of the single worm wheel structure.

[0044] Rotating sleeves 511 are provided at both ends of the worm and rolling shaft 510, wherein the rotating sleeve 511 at one end is axially slidably arranged with the connecting seat 41, and an adjusting structure is provided on the rotating sleeve 511 at the other end for eliminating the meshing clearance between the first worm 58 and the second worm 59 and their corresponding worm wheels, and the adjusting structure includes two connecting parts 512 provided on the sliding seat 52, the rotating sleeve 511 is slidably arranged along the connecting parts 512, a threaded adjusting rod 514 is provided on the connecting part 512, and the threaded adjusting rod 513 is rotationally connected with the sliding end of the rotating sleeve 511.

[0045] The purpose of setting the adjustment structure is to debug the two worms before use. By adjusting the structure, the two worms are pulled in the same direction. Then, for the two coaxial worm wheels, they are pushed in opposite clockwise / counterclockwise directions. Figure 7 As shown, the two opposite trends counteract each other, preventing the worm wheel from shaking, and causing each worm to be subjected to force in the pushing direction. When the two worms rotate, whether clockwise or counterclockwise, one worm is in contact with the worm wheel and is subjected to force, which can directly drive the rotation.

[0046] The threaded adjustment rod 513 is threadedly connected to the connection portion 512 , and a knob 514 is disposed at the end of the threaded adjustment rod 513 .

[0047] The specific implementation method is as follows: when cutting and pinning is performed, the workpiece 7 rotates at high speed, and the direction of movement of the cutter head 44 is controlled by the tool feeding assembly 3. When the cutter head 44 moves along the axis of the workpiece 7, the rolling shaft 510 slides with the cross bar 6. When the cutter head 44 moves radially inwardly of the workpiece 7, the rolling shaft 510 rolls along the cross bar 6, and the first worm 58 drives the first worm wheel 56 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the threaded rod 54 to rotate, causing the sliding block 53 to change its position, controlling the laser assembly 45 to move downward, and thereby adjusting the position of the laser action point. When the cutter head 4 moves radially outwardly of the workpiece, the second worm wheel 57 is driven by the second worm 59 to rotate clockwise, driving the laser assembly 45 to move upward.

[0048] The present invention adds an ultrasonic composite process to ordinary cutting equipment, aiming to reduce the surface damage of the material during cutting and improve the integrity of the material after processing. Through structural design and numerical simulation analysis of strength, stiffness, etc., it is determined that the vibration device model for laser-assisted cutting applies controllable vibration on the tool and the workpiece, so that the cutting accuracy and the surface quality of the workpiece are improved, and it has the advantages of enhanced effect of the chip fluid and high production efficiency. Under high-frequency laser irradiation, ablation pits and plasma sputtering will appear on the surface of the workpiece, and the vibration device just solves this concern. Under the joint action of the two, the plasticity of the workpiece is enhanced, which is convenient for cutting, and the cutting force can be effectively reduced, the tool wear is reduced, and the service life of the tool is extended. On this basis, by controlling the distance between the laser action point and the cutting point of the cutter head 44 by linear proportionality, the position of the laser action point is adjusted in real time according to the radius of the workpiece 7, and the cutting quality is further improved.

[0049] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements may be made, which shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting device, comprising a substrate (1) and a rotating device (2) arranged on the substrate (1), characterized in that: Also includes A cutting assembly (4) is arranged on the knife feeding assembly (3), comprising a connecting seat (41), a vibrating device (42), a connecting rod (43) and a knife head (44) which are connected in sequence, and also comprises a laser assembly (45) movably arranged on the connecting seat (41); An adjustment component (5) is used to adjust the distance between the laser action point of the laser component (45) and the cutter head (44), comprising a sliding seat (52) extending from the connecting seat (41), and a sliding block (53) slidably arranged in the sliding seat (52), the laser component (45) is arranged on the sliding block (53), the sliding block (53) is driven by a threaded rod (54) rotatably arranged on the sliding seat (52), the shaft of the threaded rod (54) is provided with a worm gear, the connecting seat (41) is provided with a rolling shaft (510), and the end of the rolling shaft (510) is provided with a worm corresponding to the worm gear; A crossbar (6) is horizontally arranged on the base plate (1) and is parallel to the rotating surface of the rotating device (2). The crossbar (6) is used to contact the rolling shaft (510) and drive the laser assembly (45) to move through the worm gear when the cutter head (44) approaches / moves away from the axis of the workpiece (7), so that the laser action point approaches / moves away from the cutter head (44).

2. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating device (2) comprises a driving part (21) and a clamp (22) arranged at the end of the rotating shaft of the driving part (21), wherein the clamp (22) is used to fix the workpiece (7) and the driving part (21) coaxially.

3. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knife feeding assembly (3) comprises a slide rail (31) arranged on a base plate (1), a slide seat (32) sliding along the slide rail (31), and a translation seat (33) slidably connected along the slide seat (32); the connection seat (41) is arranged on the translation seat (33).

4. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding seat (52) is connected to the connecting seat (41) via a fixed arm (51), and a spring (55) is arranged inside the sliding seat (52), one end of the spring (55) is connected to the end arm of the sliding seat (52), and the other end abuts against the sliding block (53).

5. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The worm wheel and worm are divided into a first worm wheel (56), a second worm wheel (57), a first worm (58) meshing with the first worm wheel (56), and a second worm (59) meshing with the second worm wheel (57), wherein the first worm wheel (56) and the second worm wheel (57) are both coaxially arranged with the threaded rod (54), and the first worm (58) and the second worm (59) are each in contact with the cross bar (6) via a rolling shaft (510), and are respectively used to drive the threaded rod (54) to rotate clockwise / counterclockwise.

6. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rolling shafts (510) corresponding to the first worm (58) and the second worm (59) are in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the crossbar (6) respectively, and the first worm (58) and the second worm (59) are respectively meshed with their corresponding worm wheels on opposite sides of the threaded rod (54).

7. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Rotating sleeves (511) are provided at both ends of the worm and the rolling shaft (510), wherein the rotating sleeve (511) at one end is axially slidably arranged with the connecting seat (41), and an adjusting structure is provided on the rotating sleeve (511) at the other end for eliminating meshing clearances between the first worm (58) and the second worm (59) and their corresponding worm wheels.

8. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustment structure comprises two connecting parts (512) arranged on the sliding seat (52), the rotating sleeve (511) is slidably arranged along the connecting parts (512), a threaded adjustment rod (514) is arranged on the connecting part (512), and the threaded adjustment rod (513) is rotationally connected to the sliding end of the rotating sleeve (511).

9. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The threaded adjustment rod (513) is threadedly connected to the connection portion (512), and a knob (514) is provided at the end of the threaded adjustment rod (513).

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