Laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite auxiliary cutting device

Abstract

The application relates to a laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite auxiliary cutting device, which comprises a base plate, a rotating device arranged on the base plate, a cutting assembly arranged on the tool setting assembly, a connecting seat, a vibration device, a connecting rod and a tool head connected in sequence, and a laser assembly movably arranged on the connecting seat. The position of the laser assembly is adjusted through the worm gear and the threaded rod. When the tool head approaches / leaves the central axis of the workpiece along the radial direction of the workpiece, the rolling shaft on the cross bar drives the worm gear to rotate, and then drives the threaded rod to rotate. After two-stage speed reduction, the sliding block is subjected to high-precision sliding, the distance between the laser action point and the cutting point of the tool head is controlled, the position of the laser action point is adjusted in real time according to the size of the workpiece radius, and the cutting quality is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of cutting, and particularly relates to a laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite auxiliary cutting device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite auxiliary cutting is a new type of special processing technology, which is based on laser heating auxiliary cutting and uses high-frequency vibration of a tool to further improve cutting quality. A laser heat source is mainly used to improve the temperature of material to be removed and improve cutting performance. The purpose of applying ultrasonic vibration to the end of the tool is to reduce local heat accumulation in the cutting area and reduce thermal damage to the tool.

[0003] In the laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite auxiliary cutting process, in order to achieve the expected laser preheating effect, the laser action point and the cutting point should always maintain a certain distance. The distance is determined by laser power, workpiece speed and workpiece radius and other parameters. During the cutting process, the above distance cannot be adjusted in real time, resulting in deviation of the position of the laser action point and affecting the cutting effect. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the application is to solve the above problems and provide a laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite auxiliary cutting device whose distance between the laser action point and the cutting point can be adjusted in real time.

[0005] The application achieves the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite auxiliary cutting device, comprising a base plate, a rotating device arranged on the base plate, and further comprising

[0007] A cutting assembly arranged on the tool setting assembly, comprising a connecting seat, a vibration device, a connecting rod and a tool head connected in sequence, and further comprising a laser assembly movably arranged on the connecting seat;

[0008] An adjusting assembly for adjusting the distance between the laser action point of the laser assembly and the tool head, comprising a sliding seat extending from the connecting seat, a sliding block slidingly arranged in the sliding seat, the laser assembly being arranged on the sliding block, the sliding block being driven by a threaded rod rotatably arranged on the sliding seat, the shaft portion of the threaded rod being provided with a worm gear, a rolling shaft being arranged on the connecting seat, the end portion of the rolling shaft being provided with a worm corresponding to the worm gear;

[0009] A horizontal rod arranged horizontally on the base plate and parallel to the rotating surface of the rotating device, the horizontal rod being used to contact the rolling shaft and move the laser assembly by the worm gear when the tool head approaches / leaves the workpiece axis, so that the laser action point approaches / leaves the tool head.

[0010] As a further preferred solution, the rotating device comprises a driving part, a clamp arranged at the end of the rotating shaft of the driving part, and the clamp is used to fix the workpiece coaxially with the driving part. The rotating device is a prior art. By clamping the workpiece on the clamp, the clamp can make the rotating axis of the workpiece coincide with the axis of the driving part. The workpiece rotates at high speed under the driving of the rotating device, and the cutting effect is generated when the edge of the workpiece contacts the tool head.

[0011] As a further preferred solution, the tool feeding assembly comprises a sliding rail arranged on the base plate, a sliding block sliding along the sliding rail, and a translation seat slidingly connected to the sliding block. The connecting seat is arranged on the translation seat. The tool feeding assembly is used for feeding and translation of the tool head. In this solution, the position of the tool head is servo-controlled by arranging two-dimensional sliding devices. The sliding block and the translation seat in this solution are both provided with servo driving devices.

[0012] As a further preferred solution, the sliding block is connected to the connecting seat through a fixed arm, and a spring is arranged in the sliding block. One end of the spring is connected to the end arm of the sliding block, and the other end abuts against the sliding block. In this solution, the spring is arranged in the sliding block to eliminate the back lash of the threaded rod. Since the threaded rod has a back lash, the threaded rod has a back idle during the switching between forward rotation and reverse rotation due to the change of the threaded engagement surface. In order to eliminate the back lash, the threaded engagement surface between the threaded rod and the sliding block is kept unchanged by the spring, that is, during the descending process of the sliding block, the sliding block is not pushed down by the thread, but is driven down by the spring and the weight, thereby eliminating the back lash and greatly improving the precision.

[0013] As a further preferred solution, the worm gear and the worm are divided into a first worm gear, a second worm gear, a first worm engaged with the first worm gear, and a second worm engaged with the second worm gear. The first worm gear and the second worm gear are coaxially arranged with the threaded rod. The first worm and the second worm are respectively in contact with the cross bar through a rolling shaft, and are respectively used to drive the threaded rod to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. Similarly, this solution is to eliminate the back lash between the worm gear and the worm. By arranging two worms, the threaded rod is respectively driven to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, and is always under stress in the direction of the driving force, and will not disengage, thereby eliminating the back lash of the worm gear and worm, and further improving the precision.

[0014] As a further preferred solution, the rolling shafts corresponding to the first worm and the second worm are respectively in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the cross bar, and the first worm and the second worm are respectively engaged with the corresponding worm gears on the opposite sides of the threaded rod. This solution further provides a connection mode for eliminating the back lash of the worm gear and worm. Through the engagement of this mode, when the first worm rotates, it directly pushes the first worm gear to rotate in the driving direction. When reverse adjustment is needed, the first worm is no longer driven to rotate in the reverse direction, but is directly driven by the second worm, thereby eliminating the back lash of the first worm.

[0015] As a further preferred solution, the worm and the rolling shaft are provided with rotating sleeves at both ends, the rotating sleeve at one end is axially slidingly arranged between the connecting seat, and the rotating sleeve at the other end is provided with an adjusting structure for eliminating the meshing gap between the first worm and the second worm and the corresponding worm gears, the purpose of the adjusting structure is to adjust the two worms, by pulling the two worms in the same direction through the adjusting structure, the two coaxial worm gears are subjected to opposite clockwise and counterclockwise pushing trends, and the opposite trends counteract each other to prevent the worm gears from shaking, and each worm is subjected to a pushing force in the direction, so as to directly drive the turbine to rotate.

[0016] As a further preferred solution, the adjusting structure includes two connecting parts arranged on the sliding seat, the rotating sleeve is slidingly arranged along the connecting parts, a threaded adjusting rod is arranged on the connecting part, and the threaded adjusting rod is rotationally connected with the sliding end of the rotating sleeve, and the solution further provides a specific form of the adjusting structure, the threaded adjusting rod is used to pull the rotating sleeve to slide, the rotating sleeve is rotated relative to the worm, and the rotating sleeve is slidingly connected relative to the sliding seat, and the sliding connection should limit the rotation of the sliding part of the rotating sleeve.

[0017] As a further preferred solution, the threaded adjusting rod is threadedly connected with the connecting part, and the end of the threaded adjusting rod is provided with a knob.

[0018] The application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The worm gear and the threaded rod are arranged to adjust the position of the laser assembly, when the tool head approaches / away from the central axis of the workpiece along the radial direction of the workpiece, the rolling shaft on the cross bar drives the worm gear to rotate, and then drives the threaded rod to rotate, and through two-stage speed reduction, the sliding block is subjected to high-precision sliding, the distance between the laser action point and the cutting point of the tool head is controlled, and the position of the laser action point is adjusted in real time according to the size of the workpiece radius, so that the cutting quality is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the overall top view of the application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is the top view of the cutting assembly and the adjusting assembly of the application.

[0022] Figure 3 It is the front view of the cutting assembly and the adjusting assembly of the application.

[0023] Figure 4 It is the Figure 2 The structure of part A in the figure is enlarged.

[0024] Figure 5 It is the Figure 3 The structure of part B in the figure is enlarged.

[0025] Figure 6 This is the invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure of section C;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment of the first worm and the second worm of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first worm gear drive of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second worm gear drive of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the laser application point and the cutting point of the cutting head in this invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1. Base plate; 2. Rotating device; 21. Drive unit; 22. Fixture; 3. Tool feeding assembly; 31. Slide rail; 32. Slide seat; 33. Translation seat; 4. Cutting assembly; 41. Connecting seat; 42. Vibration device; 43. Connecting rod; 44. Tool head; 45. Laser assembly; 5. Adjustment assembly; 51. Fixed arm; 52. Sliding seat; 53. Sliding block; 54. Threaded rod; 55. Spring; 56. First worm gear; 57. Second worm gear; 58. First worm; 59. Second worm; 510. Rolling shaft; 511. Rotating sleeve; 512. Connecting part; 513. Threaded adjusting rod; 514. Knob; 6. Crossbar; 61. Support column; 7. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figures 1-10 As shown, a laser heating-ultrasonic vibration composite assisted cutting device includes a substrate 1, a rotating device 2 disposed on the substrate 1, and further includes...

[0034] The cutting assembly 4 is mounted on the tool feeding assembly 3 and includes a connecting seat 41, a vibration device 42, a connecting rod 43 and a tool head 44 connected in sequence. It also includes a laser assembly 45 movably mounted on the connecting seat 41.

[0035] The adjusting component 5, which is used to adjust the distance between the laser action point of the laser component 45 and the cutter head 44, includes a sliding seat 52 extending from the connecting seat 41 and a sliding block 53 slidably disposed in the sliding seat 52. The laser component 45 is disposed on the sliding block 53. The sliding block 53 is driven by a threaded rod 54 rotatably disposed on the sliding seat 52. The shaft of the threaded rod 54 is provided with a worm gear. The connecting seat 41 is provided with a rolling shaft 510. The end of the rolling shaft 510 is provided with a worm corresponding to the worm gear.

[0036] The crossbar 6 is horizontally mounted on the base plate 1 and connected by the support column 61. It is parallel to the rotation surface of the rotating device 2. The crossbar 6 is used to contact the rolling shaft 510. When the cutter head 44 approaches / moves away from the axis of the workpiece 7, it drives the laser assembly 45 to move through the worm gear, so that the laser action point approaches / moves away from the cutter head 44.

[0037] Working principle: This invention adjusts the position of the laser assembly 45 by setting a worm gear and a threaded rod 54, such as... Figure 1 As shown, when the translation seat 33 moves upwards from the viewpoint in the figure, that is, when the cutter head 44 approaches the axis of the workpiece 7 along the radial direction of the workpiece 7, the worm gear is driven to rotate by the rolling of the rolling shaft 510 on the crossbar 6, which in turn drives the threaded rod 54 to rotate. After two stages of deceleration, the sliding block 53 slides with high precision, as shown in the figure. Figure 10 As shown, the laser needs to be applied to point M in advance, while the cutting head 44 applies to point N. During cutting, the workpiece 7 rotates from point M to point N. When the radius of the workpiece 7 decreases, the cutting head 44 applies to point N'. The laser application point needs to be at point M'. The distance between MN and the distance between M' and N' changes linearly with the radius. Therefore, in this scheme, the distance between the laser application point and the cutting point of the cutting head 44 is controlled by a linear ratio, thereby adjusting the position of the laser application point in real time according to the size of the workpiece 7 radius, which greatly improves the cutting quality.

[0038] It should be noted that a limiting structure needs to be set so that the sliding seat 52 and the sliding block 43 can only slide and cannot rotate, which will not be elaborated here.

[0039] Furthermore, the rotating device 2 includes a drive unit 21 and a clamp 22 disposed at the end of the rotation shaft of the drive unit 21. The clamp 22 is used to fix the workpiece 7 coaxially with the drive unit 21. The rotating device 2 is prior art. By clamping the workpiece 7 on the clamp 22, the clamp 22 can make the rotation axis of the workpiece 7 coincide with the axis of the drive unit 21. Under the drive of the rotating device 2, the workpiece 7 rotates at high speed, and a cutting effect is generated when the edge of the workpiece 7 contacts the cutting head 44.

[0040] The cutter feeding assembly 3 comprises a sliding rail 31 arranged on the base plate 1, a sliding seat 32 sliding along the sliding rail 31, a translation seat 33 slidingly connected to the sliding seat 32, and a connecting seat 41 arranged on the translation seat 33, the cutter feeding assembly 3 being used for feeding and translation of a cutter head 44, the position of the cutter head 44 being servo-controlled through the two-dimension sliding device, and the sliding seat 32 and the translation seat 33 in the scheme are both provided with servo driving devices.

[0041] The sliding seat 52 is connected to the connecting seat 41 through the fixing arm 51, and a spring 55 is arranged in the sliding seat 52, one end of the spring 55 being connected to an end arm of the sliding seat 52 and the other end abutting against the sliding block 53, the spring 55 being arranged in the sliding seat 52 to eliminate the back lash of the threaded rod 54, the threaded rod 54 having the back lash between the forward rotation and the reverse rotation, the back lash being eliminated through the spring 55, that is, the threaded rod 54 and the sliding block 53 are not in the threaded engagement during the downward movement of the sliding block 53, but are driven downward by the spring 55 and the self weight, so that the back lash is eliminated and the precision is greatly improved.

[0042] Further, in order to eliminate the back lash of the worm gear, the worm gear is divided into a first worm wheel 56, a second worm wheel 57, a first worm 58 engaged with the first worm wheel 56, and a second worm 59 engaged with the second worm wheel 57, wherein the first worm wheel 56 and the second worm wheel 57 are coaxially arranged with the threaded rod 54, the first worm 58 and the second worm 59 are respectively in contact with the cross bar 6 through a rolling shaft 510, and are respectively used for driving the threaded rod 54 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, the rolling shafts 510 corresponding to the first worm 58 and the second worm 59 are respectively in contact with upper and lower surfaces of the cross bar 6, and the first worm 58 and the second worm 59 are respectively engaged with the corresponding worm wheels on the opposite sides of the threaded rod 54.

[0043] The double worms are arranged to respectively drive the threaded rod 54 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, and the threaded rod 54 is always under stress in the direction of the driving force, and will not be disengaged, so that the back lash of the worm gear is eliminated and the precision is further improved. Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 6, after the first worm 58 and the first worm wheel 56 are stressed, the first worm wheel 56 has a tendency to rotate counterclockwise, and after the second worm 59 and the second worm wheel 57 are stressed, the second worm wheel 57 has a tendency to rotate clockwise, the tendencies being balanced when the rolling shaft 510 does not rotate. Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 7, when the fixing arm 51 moves upward, the rotating directions of the two rolling shafts 510 are as shown in the figure, in the rotating direction, the first worm 58 and the first worm wheel 56 are directly stressed, driving the first worm wheel 56 to rotate counterclockwise, and vice versa. Figure 9As shown, the second worm 59 directly drives the second worm wheel 57 to rotate, and the double worm wheel drive eliminates the back lash gap of the single worm wheel structure.

[0044] The rotating sleeve 511 is arranged at both ends of the worm and the rolling shaft 510, and the rotating sleeve 511 at one end is arranged in axial sliding with the connecting seat 41, and the rotating sleeve 511 at the other end is provided with an adjusting structure for eliminating the meshing gap between the first worm 58 and the second worm 59 and the corresponding worm wheels, the adjusting structure includes two connecting portions 512 arranged on the sliding seat 52, the rotating sleeve 511 is arranged in sliding with the connecting portions 512, the connecting portions 512 are provided with a threaded adjusting rod 514, and the threaded adjusting rod 513 is rotationally connected between the sliding end of the rotating sleeve 511.

[0045] The purpose of the adjusting structure is to debug the two worms before use, and by pulling the two worms in the same direction through the adjusting structure, the two coaxial worm wheels are subjected to opposite clockwise and counterclockwise pushing trends, and the two opposite trends are opposite to each other, preventing the worm wheel from shaking, and making each worm be subjected to force in the pushing direction, and when the two worms rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, the worm and the worm wheel have been in contact and subjected to force, and the worm can directly drive the rotation. Figure 7 As shown, the two opposite trends are opposite to each other, preventing the worm wheel from shaking, and making each worm be subjected to force in the pushing direction, and when the two worms rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, the worm and the worm wheel have been in contact and subjected to force, and the worm can directly drive the rotation.

[0046] The threaded adjusting rod 513 is threadedly connected with the connecting portion 512, and the end of the threaded adjusting rod 513 is provided with a knob 514.

[0047] The embodiment is specific: when the pin is cut, the workpiece 7 rotates at high speed, the direction of the cutter head 44 is controlled by the tool feeding assembly 3, the rolling shaft 510 slides with the cross bar 6 when the cutter head 44 moves along the axis of the workpiece 7, and the rolling shaft 510 rolls along the cross bar 6 when the cutter head 44 moves along the radial inner side of the workpiece 7, the first worm 58 drives the first worm wheel 56 to rotate counterclockwise, and then drives the threaded rod 54 to rotate, so that the sliding block 53 changes position, controls the laser assembly 45 to move downward, and then adjusts the position of the laser action point, when the cutter head 4 moves along the radial outer side of the workpiece, the second worm 59 drives the second worm wheel 57 to rotate clockwise, and drives the laser assembly 45 to move upward.

[0048] The present application adds ultrasonic composite process on common cutting machining equipment, aims at reducing material surface damage when cutting, and improving material integrity after machining. Through numerical simulation analysis of structure design and strength, stiffness, etc., the vibration device model facing laser-assisted cutting is determined to exert controllable vibration on the tool and workpiece, so that the cutting precision and workpiece surface quality are improved, and the cutting fluid action is enhanced, the production efficiency is high, etc. Under the high-frequency laser irradiation, the workpiece surface will appear ablation pits, plasma sputtering and other phenomena, and the vibration device just solves this worry, under the joint action of the two, the plasticity of the workpiece is enhanced, the cutting is facilitated, and the cutting force can be effectively reduced, the tool wear is reduced, and the service life of the tool is prolonged. On this basis, by adjusting the distance between the linear proportional control laser action point and the cutting point of the tool head 44, the position of the laser action point is adjusted in real time with the radius of the workpiece 7, and the cutting quality is further improved.

[0049] The above-described embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present application. For ordinary skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can also be made, which should all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser heating-ultrasonic vibration combined auxiliary cutting device, comprising a base plate (1) and a rotating device (2) arranged on the base plate (1), characterized in that: Also include The cutting assembly (4) is arranged on the tool feeding assembly (3), comprising a connecting seat (41), a vibration device (42), a connecting rod (43) and a tool head (44) connected in sequence, and further comprising a laser assembly (45) movably arranged on the connecting seat (41); The adjusting assembly (5) is used for adjusting the distance between the laser action point of the laser assembly (45) and the tool head (44), comprising a sliding seat (52) extending out of the connecting seat (41), a sliding block (53) slidingly arranged in the sliding seat (52), the laser assembly (45) is arranged on the sliding block (53), the sliding block (53) is driven by a threaded rod (54) rotatably arranged on the sliding seat (52), the shaft part of the threaded rod (54) is provided with a worm gear, a rolling shaft (510) is arranged on the connecting seat (41), and the end of the rolling shaft (510) is provided with a worm gear corresponding to the worm gear; The horizontal bar (6) is horizontally arranged on the base plate (1) and parallel to the rotation surface of the rotating device (2), and the horizontal bar (6) is used for contacting the rolling shaft (510) and moving the laser assembly (45) through the worm gear when the tool head (44) approaches / away from the axis of the workpiece (7), so that the laser action point approaches / away from the tool head (44); The worm gears are divided into a first worm gear (56), a second worm gear (57), a first worm (58) meshing with the first worm gear (56), and a second worm (59) meshing with the second worm gear (57), wherein the first worm gear (56) and the second worm gear (57) are coaxially arranged with the threaded rod (54), the first worm (58) and the second worm (59) are respectively contacted with the horizontal bar (6) through a rolling shaft (510), and are respectively used for driving the threaded rod (54) to rotate clockwise / counterclockwise; The rolling shafts (510) corresponding to the first worm (58) and the second worm (59) are respectively contacted with the upper and lower surfaces of the horizontal bar (6), and the first worm (58) and the second worm (59) are respectively meshed with the corresponding worm gears on the opposite sides of the threaded rod (54).

2. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration hybrid assisted cutting device according to claim 1, wherein: The rotating device (2) comprises a driving part (21) and a clamp (22) arranged at the rotating shaft end of the driving part (21), and the clamp (22) is used for fixing the workpiece (7) coaxially with the driving part (21).

3. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting device according to claim 1, wherein: The tool feeding assembly (3) comprises a sliding rail (31) arranged on the base plate (1), a sliding seat (32) sliding along the sliding rail (31), and a translation seat (33) slidingly connected along the sliding seat (32), the connecting seat (41) is arranged on the translation seat (33), and the sliding direction of the sliding seat (32) and the translation seat (33) is perpendicular.

4. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration hybrid assisted cutting device according to claim 1, wherein: The sliding seat (52) is connected with the connecting seat (41) through a fixed arm (51), and a spring (55) is arranged in the sliding seat (52), one end of the spring (55) is connected with the end arm of the sliding seat (52), and the other end abuts against the sliding block (53).

5. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration hybrid assisted cutting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The worm and the rolling shaft (510) are provided with rotating sleeves (511) at both ends, the rotating sleeve (511) at one end is axially slidably arranged between the connecting seat (41), and the rotating sleeve (511) at the other end is provided with an adjusting structure for eliminating the meshing gap between the first worm (58), the second worm (59) and the corresponding worm gears.

6. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting device according to claim 5, wherein: The adjusting structure comprises two connecting portions (512) arranged on the sliding seat (52), the rotating sleeve (511) is slidably arranged along the connecting portions (512), the connecting portions (512) are provided with threaded adjusting rods (513), and the threaded adjusting rods (513) are rotationally connected with the sliding end of the rotating sleeve (511).

7. The laser heating-ultrasonic vibration hybrid assisted cutting apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The threaded adjusting rods (513) are threadedly connected with the connecting portions (512), and the end portions of the threaded adjusting rods (513) are provided with knobs (514).

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