Numerical control machine tool base structure and numerical control machine tool vibration control method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly relates to a numerical control machine tool base structure and a numerical control machine tool vibration control method.The numerical control machine tool base structure comprises a base body, a cavity is formed in the base body, and a liquid injection hole and a liquid drainage hole are formed in the top and the bottom of the cavity respectively; the cavity is filled with liquid and used for absorbing vibration of the base body. As the base body adopts the hollow structure, the overall weight of the base can be reduced, and carrying and transportation are facilitated. After the numerical control machine tool is assembled, the cavity in the base body can be filled with liquid, the weight of the base body is ensured, and the balance weight effect is achieved. Moreover, the cavity is filled with the liquid, vibration of the base body can be absorbed through the liquid, the vibration is prevented from being transmitted to other parts of a machine tool, such as a workpiece or a cutter, and therefore the machining precision is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of numerically controlled machine tools, and in particular relates to a vibration control method for numerically controlled machine tools. Background Art

[0002] CNC machine tools are used for mechanical cutting. CNC machine tools generally include CNC lathes and CNC machining centers. When the machining center processes the workpiece, the workpiece is fixed on the workbench, and the spindle drives the cutting tool to rotate at high speed to cut the workpiece on the workbench. During the machining process of the workpiece by the machining center, both the tool and the workpiece will vibrate, and the vibration will be transmitted to each other, thereby reducing the machining accuracy of the workpiece, especially in high-precision machining. The vibration of the machine tool directly determines the accuracy of the final product. For example, during the cutting process, the vibration of the tool will be transmitted to the spindle seat, the base, and then to the workbench and the workpiece, thereby reducing the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0003] The Chinese utility model patent document with announcement number CN221735374U discloses a vertical machining center mainframe, including a bed, wherein X-guide rails are arranged at the front and rear ends of the upper surface of the bed, a bed saddle is arranged at the upper end of the X-guide rail, the four corners of the lower surface of the bed saddle are connected to the X-guide rail through a slider, four Y-guide rails are arranged at the left and right ends of the upper surface of the bed saddle, a workbench is arranged at the upper end of the Y-guide rail, the workbench and the Y-guide rail are connected through a slider, an X-screw is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the bed, an X-motor is connected to the right end of the X-screw, and the bed The saddle is connected to the X screw rod by threads, a Y screw rod is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the saddle, a Y motor is arranged at the front end of the Y screw rod, the Y screw rod and the X screw rod are connected by threads, a column is arranged at the rear end of the bed, Z guide rails are arranged on the left and right sides of the front surface of the column, a spindle box is arranged on the front surface of the Z guide rail, the Z guide rail and the spindle box are connected by a slider, a Z screw rod is arranged on the front surface of the column and located between the two Z guide rails, a Z motor is arranged at the upper end of the Z screw rod, and the spindle box and the Z screw rod are connected by threads. The main bed of the vertical machining center is the movement of the X axis, and the saddle is the movement of the Y axis. When the worktable moves left and right, the saddle is always on the bed, and the bottom will not be hollow, with greater load-bearing capacity, higher stability, less vibration, and high precision retention.

[0004] In the above patent documents, the saddle is always on the bed, and the bottom is not hollow, so the bed is heavy, which causes inconvenience in handling and transportation, and increases equipment cost and transportation cost. In addition, the rigid bed is still a good medium for vibration transmission, which still causes vibration problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a CNC machine tool base structure to solve the problems of existing CNC machine tools being heavy, inconvenient to carry, high cost, and still causing vibration during cutting.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a CNC machine tool base structure for fixedly installing a column or saddle of a CNC machine tool, comprising a base body, a cavity being provided in the base body, and an injection hole and a drainage hole being provided at the top and bottom of the cavity respectively; the cavity is filled with liquid to absorb the vibration of the base body.

[0007] Furthermore, the liquid is hydraulic oil.

[0008] Furthermore, an overflow valve is provided at the upper end of the cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, a mounting hole is provided on one side of the base body, and a vibration sensor is provided in the mounting hole for detecting the vibration amplitude of the liquid.

[0010] The above one or more technical solutions in the CNC machine tool base structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention have at least the following technical effects: the base body adopts a hollow structure, which can reduce the overall weight of the base and facilitate handling and transportation. After the CNC machine tool is assembled, the cavity in the base body can be filled with liquid to ensure the weight of the base body and achieve the effect of counterweight. In addition, by filling the cavity with liquid, the vibration of the base body can be absorbed by the liquid to prevent the vibration from being transmitted to other parts of the machine tool, such as the workpiece or the tool, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy.

[0011] A vibration control method for a numerically controlled machine tool comprises a base structure of the numerically controlled machine tool, wherein the vibration sensor is connected to a control system of the numerically controlled machine tool; the control system sets a peak value of the vibration amplitude, the vibration sensor detects that the vibration of the liquid reaches the set peak value, and the control system controls the processing feed speed of the numerically controlled machine tool to be reduced or stopped.

[0012] Furthermore, when debugging the machining feed amount and cutting amount of the CNC machine tool, the cutting feed amount and cutting amount of the CNC machine tool can be set based on the vibration detected by the vibration sensor.

[0013] The above one or more technical solutions in the vibration control method of CNC machine tools provided by the embodiment of the present invention have at least the following technical effects: the vibration sensor is connected to the control system of the CNC machine tool; the control system sets the peak value of the vibration amplitude. When the CNC machine tool is processing a workpiece, the vibration sensor detects that the vibration of the liquid reaches the set peak value, and the control system controls the CNC machine tool to reduce the processing feed speed or stop the machine, so as to avoid the problem of affecting the processing accuracy or scrapping the workpiece due to excessive vibration during processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a CNC machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a base structure of a CNC machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a base of a CNC machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0020] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0021] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] In one embodiment of the CNC machine tool of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 The CNC machine tool of this embodiment is a machining center, specifically, it includes a base body 100, a column 200, a spindle seat 300, a spindle 400, a saddle 500, a movable worktable 600 and a control system. Among them, the top side of the base body 100 is fixed to the mounting position, and the column 200 is fixedly connected to the mounting position. The spindle seat 300 is arranged on the column 200. The spindle 400 is arranged on the spindle seat 300. The saddle 500 is arranged on the top side of the base body 100, and the worktable 600 is arranged on the saddle 500. The control system controls the movement of the spindle 400 and the worktable 600 to realize the processing of the workpiece on the worktable 600.

[0023] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a cavity 101 is provided in the base body 100, and a liquid injection hole 102 and a liquid discharge hole 103 are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the cavity 101. The cavity 101 is filled with liquid 110 for absorbing the vibration of the base body 100. Specifically, because the base body 100 adopts a hollow structure, the overall weight of the base body 100 can be reduced, which is convenient for handling and transportation. After the CNC machine tool is assembled, the cavity in the base body 100 can be filled with liquid 110 to ensure the weight of the base body 100, achieve the effect of counterweight, and ensure the stability of the machine tool. In addition, by filling the cavity 101 with liquid 110, the liquid 110 can be used to absorb the vibration of the base body 100 to prevent the vibration from being transmitted to other parts of the machine tool, such as a workpiece or a tool, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy. In addition, the liquid in the base body 100 can be used to absorb the heat of the machine tool. For example, the heat generated by the screw of the spindle seat 300 and the screw of the workbench 600 during operation can be transferred to the liquid 110 to achieve the effect of cooling the screw, further ensuring the accuracy of the machine tool. Furthermore, the liquid can be hydraulic oil.

[0024] Further, refer to Figure 3 The upper end of the cavity 101 is also provided with an overflow valve 120. In this embodiment, when the hydraulic oil expands and contracts due to heat, the expanded liquid will be discharged from the overflow valve 120, avoiding the problem of deformation of the base body 100 caused by the expansion of the hydraulic oil.

[0025] Further, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 A mounting hole is provided on one side of the base body 100, and a vibration sensor 130 is provided in the mounting hole. The vibration sensor 130 is used to detect the vibration amplitude of the liquid 110. When it is detected that the vibration amplitude is too large or the frequency is high, the machine tool can be controlled to stop, etc. The vibration sensor 130 is used to detect the vibration of the liquid 120 to determine whether the machine tool is vibrating. Because the vibration of the liquid 110 is softer, damage to the vibration sensor 130 is avoided. In addition, the vibration sensor 130 is arranged on the base body 100, and the vibration amplitude and frequency of the base body 100 and the liquid 110 are different, so the vibration of the machine tool can be accurately detected by detecting the vibration of the liquid 110 using the vibration sensor 130.

[0026] A vibration control method for a numerical control machine tool, wherein a vibration sensor 130 is connected to a control system of the numerical control machine tool; the control system sets a peak value of the vibration amplitude, and the vibration sensor 130 detects that the vibration of the liquid 110 reaches the set peak value, and the control system controls the numerical control machine tool to reduce the processing feed speed or shut down. Specifically, when the numerical control machine tool is processing a workpiece, the vibration sensor 130 detects that the vibration of the liquid 110 reaches the set peak value, and the control system controls the numerical control machine tool to reduce the processing feed speed or shut down, so as to avoid the problem of affecting the processing accuracy or scrapping the workpiece due to excessive vibration during processing.

[0027] Furthermore, when the CNC machine tool is debugging the processing feed and cutting amount, the cutting feed and cutting amount of the CNC machine tool can be set based on the vibration detected by the vibration sensor. In this embodiment, when the staff is debugging the machine tool to process the workpiece, they can adjust the cutting amount and feed amount of the workpiece cutting process based on the vibration of the vibration sensor 130, so as to maximize the cutting amount and feed amount while controlling the vibration range, thereby maximizing the processing accuracy.

[0028] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC machine tool base structure, used for fixing a column or saddle of a CNC machine tool, characterized in that: It comprises a base body, wherein a cavity is arranged in the base body, and a liquid injection hole and a liquid discharge hole are arranged at the top and the bottom of the cavity respectively; the cavity is filled with liquid for absorbing the vibration of the base body.

2. The CNC machine tool base structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluid is hydraulic oil.

3. The CNC machine tool base structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An overflow valve is also provided at the upper end of the cavity.

4. The CNC machine tool base structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A mounting hole is provided on one side of the base body, and a vibration sensor is provided in the mounting hole for detecting the vibration amplitude of the liquid.

5. A vibration control method for a CNC machine tool, characterized in that: It includes the CNC machine tool base structure as described in claim 4, wherein the vibration sensor is connected to the control system of the CNC machine tool; the control system sets the peak value of the vibration amplitude, the vibration sensor detects that the vibration of the liquid reaches the set peak value, and the control system controls the processing feed speed of the CNC machine tool to be reduced or stopped.

6. The vibration control method for a CNC machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the numerically controlled machine tool is debugging the machining feed amount and the cutting amount, the cutting feed amount and the cutting amount of the numerically controlled machine tool can be set based on the vibration detected by the vibration sensor.

Images