Powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism of high-power motorized spindle

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machine tool equipment. The invention discloses a powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism of a high-power motorized spindle, and aims to solve the problems that a speed reducer is mostly adopted to control a swing head to swing in the direction when a tool bit assembly is driven to rotate in the swing direction through numerical control operation, and subsequent maintenance of the speed reducer is inconvenient when a plurality of speed reducers are adopted for control. And the manufacturing cost is increased. The rotating speed of the driving rod is adjusted, the abutting rod is made to move under the rotating centrifugal effect of the rotating speed, then rotating and swinging switching of the tool bit device is achieved in cooperation with the head swinging device, and the effect of switching of different angles in the machining process of a workpiece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of machine tool equipment, in particular to a powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism of a high-power electric spindle. Background Art

[0002] CNC machine tools are widely used in the manufacturing industry and play a key role in high-precision manufacturing. However, most of the current CNC machine tools are three-axis linkage. During processing, the electric spindle rotates at high speed to drive the tool to process the workpiece, and then the three-axis linkage is used to adjust the electric spindle X, Y, and Z axes to process the three-dimensional surface of the workpiece.

[0003] The existing patent (Announcement No.: CN115519367B) discloses a bidirectional swing head for a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool, including a U-shaped plate, a motor is fixedly installed on the inner side of the side wall of the U-shaped plate, one end of the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, and the side section of the rotating shaft is square, a cutter head assembly is arranged below the rotating shaft, the cutter head assembly is connected to the rotating shaft through a bidirectional swing mechanism, and a reinforcement mechanism is arranged at one end of the top of the bidirectional swing mechanism to fix the cutter head assembly after the swing mechanism adjusts the cutter head assembly. The present invention is provided with a bidirectional swing mechanism, which can not only realize the bidirectional swing of the cutter head assembly, but also can form a five-axis linkage CNC machine tool with an existing three-axis CNC machine tool, so that the three-axis CNC machine tool can realize the full-face and no-dead-angle processing angle of the pentahedron, which can effectively improve the surface finish of the workpiece, and the mechanism can realize the bidirectional swing using only one motor, with low cost, and is suitable for popularization and use. In the process of realizing the present invention, the inventors found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art that have not been solved: when the CNC operation drives the cutter head assembly to rotate and swing in a certain direction, a reducer is often used to control the swing head to swing in that direction. However, the use of multiple reducers is not convenient for subsequent maintenance of the reducers during control, and results in an increased manufacturing cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism for a high-power electric spindle to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism for a high-power electric spindle, comprising a mounting frame, a reducer is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame, a cylindrical shell is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame, a direction adjustment device that cooperates with the reducer in transmission is arranged in the shell, the direction adjustment device rotates with the mounting frame, a swing head device is also rotatably arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame, the swing head device is in transmission cooperation with the direction adjustment device, a tool head device is arranged on the swing head device, and the tool head device and the swing head device are in conflict with each other.

[0005] Preferably, the direction adjusting device comprises a rotating sleeve rotatably arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame, the rotating sleeve is provided with a relatively arranged clamping cavity, a vertical rod is fixedly arranged in the clamping cavity of the rotating sleeve, and a ratchet claw is rotatably arranged on the vertical rod, which is respectively located in the two clamping cavities and is rotatably arranged. A rotating clamping rod is also rotatably arranged in the rotating sleeve, and the rotating clamping rod is also rotatably arranged in the rotating sleeve, and the parts of the rotating clamping rod corresponding to the two ratchet claws are inlaid with elastic clamping balls, and the clamping balls and the ratchet claws abut against each other. An oblique groove is provided on the outer wall of the rotating clamping rod, and a through groove is provided on the outer wall of the rotating clamping sleeve at the part of the oblique groove. The rotating clamping sleeve is slidably provided with a ring sleeve, and the ring sleeve is extended toward the through groove. A clamping rod is provided, and the clamping rod abuts against the oblique groove on the rotating clamping rod. A pushing electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame, and a dovetail groove is provided on the mounting frame. The telescopic end of the pushing electric cylinder is connected to the adjusting frame, and the adjusting frame slidably cooperates with the dovetail groove, and the adjusting frame rotatably cooperates with the ring sleeve.

[0006] Preferably, the direction adjustment device also includes a driving member arranged in the shell, the driving member includes a limit sleeve fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, a driving bevel gear is arranged on the limit sleeve for relative rotation, rotating bevel gears are rotatably arranged on both sides of the limit sleeve on the inner wall of the shell, and the two rotating bevel gears are meshed with the driving bevel gears, the two rotating bevel gears are respectively located at two card cavities on the rotating card sleeve, and the end faces of the rotating bevel gears are provided with card teeth that mesh with ratchet pawls in the card cavities, the main shaft of the reducer is connected to one of the rotating bevel gear shafts, and the swing head device is matched with the rotating card rod transmission.

[0007] Preferably, the swing head device includes an A-axis swing head component and a B-axis swing head component, the A-axis swing head component includes a supporting frame rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting frame, a plurality of slots are provided on the outer wall of the rotating clamping rod around the circumference of the rotating clamping rod, a accommodating cavity is provided on the supporting frame, a clamping rod is slidably arranged in the accommodating cavity, the end of the clamping rod is clamped with the slot on the rotating clamping rod, a pressure spring is sleeved on the clamping rod, and the two ends of the pressure spring are respectively connected to the clamping rod and the accommodating cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the B-axis swing head component includes a rotating sleeve shaft rotatably arranged on the carrier, the rotating sleeve shaft is fixedly connected with a rotating bevel gear, the rotating sleeve shaft is provided with a telescopic positioning clamping shaft, the positioning clamping shaft is clamped and cooperated with the rotating clamping rod, and the positioning clamping shaft and the inner wall of the rotating sleeve shaft are frictionally transmitted, the carrier is slidably provided with a wedge clamping plate, a connecting spring is provided between the wedge clamping plate and the carrier, the outer end surface of the positioning clamping shaft is conically arranged, the wedge clamping plate abuts against the outer end surface of the positioning clamping shaft, the carrier is rotatably arranged with a transmission rod, the transmission rod is fixedly provided with two transmission bevel gears arranged in opposite directions, one of which is meshed with the rotating bevel gear, the carrier is also rotatably connected with a swing rod, the swing rod is fixedly connected with an adjusting bevel gear, the adjusting bevel gear is meshed with another transmission bevel gear, the swing rod is fixedly connected with a swing frame, and the tool head device is connected to the swing frame.

[0009] Preferably, a telescopic interference rod is provided on the adjusting bevel gear, a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the supporting frame, a switching frame is slidably provided on the two fixing rods, the switching frame is slidably matched with the two fixing rods, an elastic spring is sleeved on the fixing rod, the two ends of the elastic spring are respectively connected to the switching frame and the supporting frame, the switching frame is respectively extended toward the bottom of the clamping rod and the wedge-shaped clamping plate with wedge-shaped frames, and the wedge-shaped ends of the two wedge frames are arranged in opposite directions, and the switching frame is in abutment with the interference rod on the adjusting gear.

[0010] Preferably, the cutter head device includes a rotating motor fixedly connected to the swing frame, the main shaft transmission of the rotating motor is connected to a driving rod, the driving rod is clamped with a conical limiting cylinder, a tension spring is connected between the limiting cylinder and the driving rod, a limiting groove is provided on the limiting cylinder, the outer wall of the limiting cylinder abuts against the abutment rod, a limiting frame is hingedly provided on the swing frame, a moving cylinder is also clamped on the driving rod, a moving groove is provided on the moving cylinder, two centrifugal frames hinged in opposite directions are provided on the outer wall of the moving cylinder, the centrifugal frame is hingedly matched with the driving rod, the limiting frame is extended toward the limiting groove and the moving groove with a connecting frame, and the driving rod is also fixedly connected with the cutter head.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] In the present invention, when the two rotating bevel gears rotate, one of the rotating bevel gears can drive the meshing pawl to make the rotating sleeve rotate clockwise, and the pawl on the rotating sleeve abuts against the card ball on the rotating card rod, thereby synchronously driving the rotating card rod to rotate clockwise, so that the rotating card rod can drive the subsequent swing head device to rotate and swing.

[0013] In the present invention, when the swing head device controls the tool head device to process the workpiece through the direction adjustment device, the swing head device can be flexibly swung in different directions under the switching of the rotation direction of the reducer. The device only uses one reducer to adjust the direction of the swing head device, which can improve the stability of the equipment, reduce the energy consumption of workpiece processing, and is more convenient to use.

[0014] In the present invention, when the adjusting bevel gear rotates, the adjusting bevel gear drives the swing rod to rotate, thereby enabling the swing frame to rotate around the center of the swing rod, thereby realizing the swing of the cutter head device in the B-axis direction. Through this arrangement, the cutter head device can be switched between the A-axis direction and the B-axis direction, so that the cutter head device can quickly change direction during use, and when the rotating clamping rod is driven by the direction adjusting device to rotate in different directions, it can drive the carrier frame and the swing frame to swing in different directions, thereby enabling the cutter head device to rotate and swing in any direction.

[0015] In the present invention, the resistance rod slides on the adjusting bevel gear, and the end of the resistance rod away from the adjusting bevel gear contacts the switching frame, so that the switching frame moves so that the two wedge frames contact the clamping rod and the wedge clamping plate respectively, thereby realizing the switching of the tool head device in the A-axis and B-axis directions. The rotation speed of the driving rod is adjusted by this setting, and the resistance rod is moved under the action of the rotational centrifugal force of the rotation speed, and then the rotational swinging switching of the tool head device is realized in cooperation with the swing head device, thereby improving the effect of switching different angles of the workpiece during the machining process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a partial three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural exploded view of the direction adjustment device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the direction adjustment device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the direction adjustment device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of the direction adjustment device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 ;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 The partial three-dimensional structure section of the swing head device of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0024] Fig. 9 The partial three-dimensional structure section of the swing head device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0025] Fig.10 The partial three-dimensional structure of the swing head device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Fig.11 The partial three-dimensional structure of the swing head device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the swing head device and the cutter head device of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cutter head device of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. mounting frame; 11. reducer; 12. housing; 2. direction adjustment device; 21. rotating sleeve; 22. clamping cavity; 23. vertical rod; 24. ratchet; 25. rotating clamping rod; 26. clamping ball; 27. inclined groove; 28. through groove; 29. ​​ring sleeve; 210. clamping rod; 211. pushing electric cylinder; 212. dovetail groove; 213. adjustment frame; 3. driving member; 31. limiting sleeve; 32. driving bevel gear; 33. rotating bevel gear; 34. clamping tooth; 4. swing head device; 5. A-axis swing head member; 51. bearing frame; 52. clamping groove; 53. accommodating cavity; 54. clamping rod; 55. pressure spring; 6. B-axis Swing head member; 61, rotating sleeve shaft; 62, rotating bevel gear; 63, positioning clamp shaft; 64, wedge clamp plate; 65, connecting spring; 66, transmission rod; 67, transmission bevel gear; 68, swing rod; 69, adjusting bevel gear; 610, swing frame; 611, resistance rod; 612, fixed rod; 613, switching frame; 614, elastic spring; 615, wedge frame; 7, cutter head device; 71, rotating motor; 72, driving rod; 73, limiting cylinder; 74, tension spring; 75, limiting groove; 76, limiting frame; 77, moving cylinder; 78, moving groove; 79, centrifugal frame; 710, connecting frame; 711, cutter head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technical personnel in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 13 The present invention provides a technical solution: a powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism of a high-power electric spindle, comprising a mounting frame 1, on which a reducer 11 is fixedly mounted, on which a cylindrical shell 12 is fixedly arranged, a direction adjustment device 2 which is transmission-matched with the reducer 11 is arranged in the shell 12, the direction adjustment device 2 is rotationally matched with the mounting frame 1, and a swing head device 4 is also rotationally arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame 1, the swing head device 4 is transmission-matched with the direction adjustment device 2, a tool head device 7 is arranged on the swing head device 4, and the tool head device 7 and the swing head device 4 are in abutment with each other.

[0032] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the direction adjustment device 2 includes a rotating sleeve 21 rotatably arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame 1, and the rotating sleeve 21 is provided with a relatively arranged card cavity 22, and a vertical rod 23 is fixedly arranged in the card cavity 22 of the rotating sleeve 21, and a ratchet 24 is rotatably arranged in two card cavities 22 on the vertical rod 23, and a rotating clamping rod 25 is also rotatably arranged in the rotating sleeve 21, and the portion of the rotating clamping rod 25 corresponding to the two ratchet pawls 24 is inlaid with an elastically arranged clamping ball 26, and the clamping ball 26 is abutted against the ratchet 24, and an oblique groove is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating clamping rod 25 27, a through groove 28 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating clamping sleeve 21 at the position of the inclined groove 27, a ring sleeve 29 is slidably provided on the rotating clamping sleeve 21, a clamping rod 210 is extended in the through groove 28 by the ring sleeve 29, and the clamping rod 210 is in conflict with the inclined groove 27 on the rotating clamping rod 25, a pushing electric cylinder 211 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame 1, a dovetail groove 212 is provided on the mounting frame 1, an adjusting frame 213 is connected to the telescopic end of the pushing electric cylinder 211, the adjusting frame 213 is slidably matched with the dovetail groove 212, and the adjusting frame 213 is rotatably matched with the ring sleeve 29;

[0033] The direction adjustment device 2 also includes a driving member 3 arranged in the housing 12, and the driving member 3 includes a limiting sleeve 31 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 12, and a driving bevel gear 32 is relatively rotatably arranged on the limiting sleeve 31. Rotating bevel gears 33 are rotatably arranged on both sides of the limiting sleeve 31 on the inner wall of the housing 12, and the two rotating bevel gears 33 are meshed with the driving bevel gear 32. The two rotating bevel gears 33 are respectively located at two card cavities 22 on the rotating card sleeve 21, and the end faces of the rotating bevel gears 33 are provided with card teeth 34 meshing with the ratchet 24 in the card cavity 22. The main shaft of the reducer 11 is axially connected to one of the rotating bevel gears 33, and the swing head device 4 is transmission-coordinated with the rotating card rod 25;

[0034] When the workpiece is processed by the cutter head device 7, one of the rotating bevel gears 33 is rotated under the drive of the reducer 11. When one of the rotating bevel gears 33 rotates, it can drive the two driving bevel gears 32 on the limit sleeve 31 to rotate, and the two driving bevel gears 32 can drive the other rotating bevel gear 33 to rotate. At this time, the two rotating bevel gears 33 rotate clockwise and counterclockwise respectively. The two ratchet pawls 24 arranged on the vertical rod 23 are restricted by the card ball 26 on the rotating card rod 25, so that one of the ratchet pawls 24 and one of the other are engaged with each other. The teeth 34 on one rotating bevel gear 33 are meshed, while the other ratchet 24 does not contact the teeth 34 on the other rotating bevel gear 33. When the two rotating bevel gears 33 rotate, one rotating bevel gear 33 can drive the meshed ratchet 24 to make the rotating clamping sleeve 21 rotate clockwise. The ratchet 24 on the rotating clamping sleeve 21 abuts against the clamping ball 26 on the rotating clamping rod 25, thereby synchronously driving the rotating clamping rod 25 to rotate clockwise, so that the rotating clamping rod 25 can drive the subsequent swing head device 4 to rotate and swing.

[0035] When the swing head device 4 needs to adjust the swing direction, the adjusting frame 213 is driven to extend in the dovetail groove 212 by pushing the electric cylinder 211, and the adjusting frame 213 will drive the ring sleeve 29 to slide on the rotating clamping sleeve 21. At this time, the clamping rod 210 on the ring sleeve 29 contacts the inclined groove 27 on the rotating clamping rod 25, and the rotating clamping rod 25 rotates in the rotating clamping sleeve 21. When the rotating clamping rod 25 deflects, the two clamping balls 26 set on the rotating clamping rod 25 will contact the two pawls 24 respectively, so that the two pawls 24 deflect on the vertical rod 23, and the pawl 24 meshing with the rotating bevel gear 33 rotating clockwise will separate the pawl 24 from the rotating bevel gear 33 under the abutment of the clamping ball 26, and the other pawl 24 will mesh with the clamping teeth 34 on the other rotating bevel gear 33. At this time, the two pawls 24 are realized. The switching of the engagement with the two rotating bevel gears 33. Since the two rotating bevel gears 33 have different rotation directions, when the other rotating bevel gear 33 rotates, the other rotating bevel gear 33 rotates counterclockwise, which will drive the corresponding meshing pawl 24 to make the rotating sleeve 21 rotate counterclockwise. The counterclockwise rotation of the rotating sleeve 21 can drive the rotating clamping rod 25 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby realizing the switching of the two rotation directions of the reducer 11. Through this setting, when the swing head device 4 controls the tool head device 7 to process the workpiece, the swing head device 4 can be flexibly swung in different directions under the switching of the rotation direction of the reducer 11. The equipment only uses one reducer 11 to adjust the direction of the swing head device 4, which can improve the stability of the equipment, reduce the energy consumption of workpiece processing, and is more convenient to use.

[0036] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the swing head device 4 includes an A-axis swing head component 5 and a B-axis swing head component 6, the A-axis swing head component 5 includes a carrier frame 51 rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting frame 1, a plurality of slots 52 are provided on the outer wall of the rotating clamping rod 25 around the circumference of the rotating clamping rod 25, and a receiving cavity 53 is provided on the carrier frame 51, and a clamping rod 54 is slidably provided in the receiving cavity 53, and the end of the clamping rod 54 is clamped and matched with the slot 52 on the rotating clamping rod 25, and a pressure spring 55 is sleeved on the clamping rod 54, and the two ends of the pressure spring 55 are respectively connected to the clamping rod 54 and the receiving cavity 53;

[0037] The B-axis swing head member 6 includes a rotating sleeve shaft 61 rotatably arranged on the carrier frame 51, a rotating bevel gear 62 is fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve shaft 61, a telescopic positioning card shaft 63 is arranged on the rotating sleeve shaft 61, the positioning card shaft 63 is engaged with the rotating card rod 25, the positioning card shaft 63 and the inner wall of the rotating sleeve shaft 61 are frictionally driven, a wedge-shaped card plate 64 is slidably arranged on the carrier frame 51, a connecting spring 65 is arranged between the wedge-shaped card plate 64 and the carrier frame 51, the outer end surface of the positioning card shaft 63 is conically arranged, and the wedge-shaped card plate 6 4 is in contact with the outer end surface of the positioning card shaft 63, a transmission rod 66 is rotatably provided on the carrier 51, and two transmission bevel gears 67 arranged in opposite directions are fixedly provided on the transmission rod 66, and one of the transmission bevel gears 67 is meshed with the rotating bevel gear 62. A swing rod 68 is also rotatably connected to the carrier 51, and an adjusting bevel gear 69 is fixedly connected to the swing rod 68, and the adjusting bevel gear 69 is meshed with the other transmission bevel gear 67. A swing frame 610 is fixedly connected to the swing rod 68, and the cutter head device 7 is connected to the swing frame 610;

[0038] The adjusting bevel gear 69 is provided with a telescopic abutment rod 611, a fixing rod 612 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the carrier frame 51, a switching frame 613 is slidably provided on the two fixing rods 612, the switching frame 613 is slidably matched with the two fixing rods 612, an elastic spring 614 is sleeved on the fixing rod 612, and the two ends of the elastic spring 614 are respectively connected to the switching frame 613 and the carrier frame 51, the switching frame 613 is respectively extended toward the bottom of the clamping rod 54 and the wedge-shaped clamping plate 64 with a wedge frame 615, and the wedge-shaped ends of the two wedge frames 615 are arranged in opposite directions, and the switching frame 613 is in abutment with the abutment rod 611 on the adjusting gear;

[0039] When adjusting the rotation angle of the cutter head device 7A in the axial direction, the clamping rod 54 in the accommodating cavity 53 is driven by the pressure spring 55 to make the upper end of the clamping rod 54 dock with the clamping slot 52 on the rotating clamping rod 25. At this time, the rotation of the rotating clamping rod 25 will drive the clamping rod 54 clamped in the clamping slot 52 to drive the carrier 51 to rotate around the center of the rotating clamping rod 25. When the carrier 51 rotates, it can synchronously drive the swing frame 610 to rotate with the center of the rotating clamping rod 25, thereby realizing the rotation and swing of the cutter head device 7A in the axial direction.

[0040] When the cutter head device 7 is swung on the B axis, the switching frame 613 needs to slide on the two fixed rods 612. When the switching frame 613 slides, the two wedge frames 615 on the switching frame 613 will contact the bottom of the clamping rod 54 and the wedge clamping plate 64. At this time, the clamping rod 54 moves downward under the drive of the pressure spring 55, and the upper end of the clamping rod 54 will separate from the clamping groove 52 on the rotating clamping rod 25, so that the carrier 51 stays in the swing position of the A axis, and the other wedge frame 615 in contact with the wedge clamping plate 64 will drive the wedge clamping plate 64 to move toward the direction of the positioning clamping shaft 63. The side wall of the wedge clamping plate 64 squeezes the conically arranged positioning clamping shaft 63, so that the outer wall of the positioning clamping shaft 63 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the rotating sleeve shaft 61. At this time, when the rotating clamping rod 25 rotates, the rotating clamping rod 25 drives the positioning clamping shaft 63 to rotate, which will cause the rotating sleeve shaft 6 1 rotates, the rotation of the rotating sleeve shaft 61 will rotate the rotating bevel gear 62, and the rotating bevel gear 62 drives one of the transmission bevel gears 67 to rotate so as to rotate the other transmission bevel gear 67, and the other transmission bevel gear 67 drives the adjusting bevel gear 69 to rotate. When the adjusting bevel gear 69 rotates, the adjusting bevel gear 69 drives the swing rod 68 to rotate, so that the swing frame 610 can rotate around the center of the swing rod 68, so as to realize the swing of the cutter head device 7 in the B-axis direction. Through this setting, the cutter head device 7 can be swung in the A-axis direction and the B-axis direction, so that the cutter head device 7 can quickly change direction during use, and when the rotating clamping rod 25 is driven by the direction adjustment device 2 to rotate in different directions, it can drive the carrier frame 51 and the swing frame 610 to swing in different directions, so that the cutter head device 7 can rotate and swing in any direction.

[0041] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, the cutter head device 7 includes a rotating motor 71 fixedly connected to the swing frame 610, the main shaft of the rotating motor 71 is connected to the driving rod 72, the driving rod 72 is clamped with a conical limiting cylinder 73, a tension spring 74 is connected between the limiting cylinder 73 and the driving rod 72, a limiting groove 75 is provided on the limiting cylinder 73, the outer wall of the limiting cylinder 73 abuts against the abutting rod 611, a limiting frame 76 is hingedly provided on the swing frame 610, a moving cylinder 77 is also clamped on the driving rod 72, a moving groove 78 is provided on the moving cylinder 77, two centrifugal frames 79 hingedly provided in opposite directions are provided on the outer wall of the moving cylinder 77, the centrifugal frames 79 are hingedly matched with the driving rod 72, the limiting frame 76 is extended toward the limiting groove 75 and the moving groove 78 to be provided with a connecting frame 710, and the driving rod 72 is also fixedly connected to the cutter head 711;

[0042] When the rotating motor 71 drives the driving rod 72 to rotate, the rotation of the driving rod 72 will drive the limiting cylinder 73 and the moving cylinder 77 which are clamped on the driving rod 72 to rotate synchronously. When the rotating motor 71 adjusts the speed, the driving rod 72 rotates rapidly. Under the action of centrifugal force, the centrifugal frame 79 hinged on the outer wall of the driving moving cylinder 77 will be expanded. When the centrifugal frame 79 on the outer wall of the moving cylinder 77 is expanded outward, the moving cylinder 77 will move on the driving rod 72. The movement of the moving cylinder 77 drives the connecting frame 710 to deflect the limiting frame 76. When the connecting frame 710 set at the other end of the limiting frame 76 contacts the limiting groove 75 on the limiting cylinder 73, the limiting cylinder 73 will be The movable rod 72 moves, and the outer wall of the limiting cylinder 73 is conically set and abuts against the contact rod 611, so that the contact rod 611 can slide on the adjusting bevel gear 69, and the end of the contact rod 611 away from the adjusting bevel gear 69 contacts the switching frame 613, so that the switching frame 613 moves so that the two wedge frames 615 contact the clamping rod 54 and the wedge clamping plate 64 respectively, thereby realizing the switching of the tool head device 7 in the A-axis and B-axis directions. The rotation speed of the driving rod 72 is adjusted by this setting, and the contact rod 611 is moved under the action of the rotational speed centrifugal force, and then the rotation and swinging switching of the tool head device 7 is realized in cooperation with the swing head device 4, thereby improving the effect of switching different angles of the workpiece during machining.

[0043] The use method and advantages of the present invention: The use method of the powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism of the high-power electric spindle, the working process is as follows:

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13As shown in the figure, when the workpiece is processed by the cutter head device 7, one of the rotating bevel gears 33 is rotated under the drive of the reducer 11. When one of the rotating bevel gears 33 rotates, it can drive the two driving bevel gears 32 on the limit sleeve 31 to rotate, and the two driving bevel gears 32 can drive the other rotating bevel gear 33 to rotate. At this time, the two rotating bevel gears 33 rotate clockwise and counterclockwise respectively. The two ratchet pawls 24 arranged on the vertical rod 23 are restricted by the clamping ball 26 on the rotating clamping rod 25, so that one of the ratchet pawls 24 and its The teeth 34 on one rotating bevel gear 33 are meshed, while the other ratchet pawl 24 does not contact the teeth 34 on the other rotating bevel gear 33. When the two rotating bevel gears 33 rotate, one rotating bevel gear 33 can drive the meshed ratchet 24 to make the rotating clamping sleeve 21 rotate clockwise, and the ratchet 24 on the rotating clamping sleeve 21 abuts against the clamping ball 26 on the rotating clamping rod 25, thereby synchronously driving the rotating clamping rod 25 to rotate clockwise, so that the rotating clamping rod 25 can drive the subsequent swing head device 4 to rotate and swing;

[0045] When the swing head device 4 needs to adjust the swing direction, the adjusting frame 213 is driven to extend in the dovetail groove 212 by pushing the electric cylinder 211, and the adjusting frame 213 will drive the ring sleeve 29 to slide on the rotating clamping sleeve 21. At this time, the clamping rod 210 on the ring sleeve 29 contacts the inclined groove 27 on the rotating clamping rod 25, and the rotating clamping rod 25 rotates in the rotating clamping sleeve 21. When the rotating clamping rod 25 deflects, the two clamping balls 26 set on the rotating clamping rod 25 will contact the two pawls 24 respectively, so that the two pawls 24 deflect on the vertical rod 23, and the pawl 24 meshing with the rotating bevel gear 33 rotating clockwise will separate the pawl 24 from the rotating bevel gear 33 under the abutment of the clamping ball 26, and the other pawl 24 will mesh with the clamping teeth 34 on the other rotating bevel gear 33. At this time, the two pawls 24 are realized. The switching of the meshing with the two rotating bevel gears 33, since the two rotating bevel gears 33 have different rotation directions, when the other rotating bevel gear 33 rotates, the other rotating bevel gear 33 rotates counterclockwise, which will drive the corresponding meshing ratchet 24 to make the rotating sleeve 21 rotate counterclockwise, and the rotating sleeve 21 rotates counterclockwise to drive the rotating clamping rod 25 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby realizing the switching of the two rotation directions of the reducer 11. Through this setting, when the swing head device 4 controls the tool head device 7 to process the workpiece, the swing head device 4 can be flexibly swung in different directions under the switching of the rotation direction of the reducer 11. The device only uses one reducer 11 to adjust the direction of the swing head device 4, which can improve the stability of the equipment, reduce the energy consumption of workpiece processing, and is more convenient to use.

[0046] When adjusting the rotation angle of the cutter head device 7A in the axial direction, the clamping rod 54 in the accommodating cavity 53 is driven by the pressure spring 55 to make the upper end of the clamping rod 54 dock with the clamping slot 52 on the rotating clamping rod 25. At this time, the rotation of the rotating clamping rod 25 will drive the clamping rod 54 clamped in the clamping slot 52 to drive the carrier 51 to rotate around the center of the rotating clamping rod 25. When the carrier 51 rotates, it can synchronously drive the swing frame 610 to rotate with the center of the rotating clamping rod 25, thereby realizing the rotation and swing of the cutter head device 7A in the axial direction.

[0047] When the cutter head device 7 is swung on the B axis, the switching frame 613 needs to slide on the two fixed rods 612. When the switching frame 613 slides, the two wedge frames 615 on the switching frame 613 will contact the bottom of the clamping rod 54 and the wedge clamping plate 64. At this time, the clamping rod 54 moves downward under the drive of the pressure spring 55, and the upper end of the clamping rod 54 will separate from the clamping groove 52 on the rotating clamping rod 25, so that the carrier 51 stays in the swing position of the A axis, and the other wedge frame 615 in contact with the wedge clamping plate 64 will drive the wedge clamping plate 64 to move toward the direction of the positioning clamping shaft 63. The side wall of the wedge clamping plate 64 squeezes the conically arranged positioning clamping shaft 63, so that the outer wall of the positioning clamping shaft 63 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the rotating sleeve shaft 61. At this time, when the rotating clamping rod 25 rotates, the rotating clamping rod 25 drives the positioning clamping shaft 63 to rotate, which will cause the rotating sleeve shaft 6 1 rotates, the rotation of the rotating sleeve shaft 61 will cause the rotating bevel gear 62 to rotate, and the rotating bevel gear 62 drives one of the transmission bevel gears 67 to rotate so that the other transmission bevel gear 67 rotates, and the other transmission bevel gear 67 drives the adjusting bevel gear 69 to rotate. When the adjusting bevel gear 69 rotates, the adjusting bevel gear 69 drives the swing rod 68 to rotate, so that the swing frame 610 can rotate around the center of the swing rod 68, thereby realizing the swing of the cutter head device 7 in the B-axis direction. Through this setting, the cutter head device 7 can be swung in the A-axis direction and the B-axis direction, so that the cutter head device 7 can quickly change direction during use, and when the rotating clamping rod 25 is driven by the direction adjustment device 2 to rotate in different directions, it can drive the carrier frame 51 and the swing frame 610 to swing in different directions, so that the cutter head device 7 can rotate and swing in any direction;

[0048] When the rotating motor 71 drives the driving rod 72 to rotate, the rotation of the driving rod 72 will drive the limiting cylinder 73 and the moving cylinder 77 which are clamped on the driving rod 72 to rotate synchronously. When the rotating motor 71 adjusts the speed, the driving rod 72 rotates rapidly. Under the action of centrifugal force, the centrifugal frame 79 hinged on the outer wall of the driving moving cylinder 77 will be expanded. When the centrifugal frame 79 on the outer wall of the moving cylinder 77 is expanded outward, the moving cylinder 77 will move on the driving rod 72. The movement of the moving cylinder 77 drives the connecting frame 710 to deflect the limiting frame 76. When the connecting frame 710 set at the other end of the limiting frame 76 contacts the limiting groove 75 on the limiting cylinder 73, the limiting cylinder 73 will be The movable rod 72 moves, and the outer wall of the limiting cylinder 73 is conically set and abuts against the contact rod 611, so that the contact rod 611 can slide on the adjusting bevel gear 69, and the end of the contact rod 611 away from the adjusting bevel gear 69 contacts the switching frame 613, so that the switching frame 613 moves so that the two wedge frames 615 contact the clamping rod 54 and the wedge clamping plate 64 respectively, thereby realizing the switching of the tool head device 7 in the A-axis and B-axis directions. The rotation speed of the driving rod 72 is adjusted by this setting, and the contact rod 611 is moved under the action of the rotational speed centrifugal force, and then the rotation and swinging switching of the tool head device 7 is realized in cooperation with the swing head device 4, thereby improving the effect of switching different angles of the workpiece during machining.

[0049] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Technical personnel in this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism for a high-power electric spindle, characterized by: The invention comprises a mounting frame (1), on which a reducer (11) is fixedly mounted, on which a cylindrical outer shell (12) is fixedly arranged, within which a direction adjustment device (2) is arranged for transmission cooperation with the reducer (11), the direction adjustment device (2) is rotationally cooperated with the mounting frame (1), and a swing head device (4) is also rotationally arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame (1), the swing head device (4) is transmission cooperated with the direction adjustment device (2), a cutter head device (7) is arranged on the swing head device (4), and the cutter head device (7) and the swing head device (4) are in abutment with each other.

2. According to claim 1, a powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism of a high-power electric spindle is characterized in that: The direction adjustment device (2) comprises a rotating clamping sleeve (21) rotatably arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame (1), the rotating clamping sleeve (21) is provided with clamping cavities (22) arranged opposite to each other, a vertical rod (23) is fixedly arranged in the clamping cavity (22) of the rotating clamping sleeve (21), and ratchet claws (24) are rotatably arranged in two clamping cavities (22) on the vertical rod (23), a rotating clamping rod (25) is also rotatably arranged in the rotating clamping sleeve (21), a portion of the rotating clamping rod (25) corresponding to the two ratchet claws (24) is inlaid with an elastically arranged clamping ball (26), and the clamping ball (26) is in contact with the ratchet claw (24), and an oblique groove (27) is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating clamping rod (25). A through groove (28) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating sleeve (21) at the position of the inclined groove (27); a ring sleeve (29) is slidably provided on the rotating sleeve (21); a clamping rod (210) is extended from the ring sleeve (29) toward the through groove (28), and the clamping rod (210) contacts the inclined groove (27) on the rotating clamping rod (25); a pushing electric cylinder (211) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame (1); a dovetail groove (212) is provided on the mounting frame (1); an adjusting frame (213) is connected to the telescopic end of the pushing electric cylinder (211); the adjusting frame (213) is slidably matched with the dovetail groove (212); and the adjusting frame (213) is rotatably matched with the ring sleeve (29).

3. According to claim 2, a powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism of a high-power electric spindle is characterized in that: The direction adjustment device (2) also includes a driving member (3) arranged in the housing (12), the driving member (3) includes a limiting sleeve (31) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (12), a driving bevel gear (32) is relatively rotatably arranged on the limiting sleeve (31), rotating bevel gears (33) are rotatably arranged on both sides of the limiting sleeve (31) on the inner wall of the housing (12), and the two rotating bevel gears (33) are meshed with the driving bevel gear (32), the two rotating bevel gears (33) are respectively located at two card cavities (22) on the rotating card sleeve (21), and the end surface of the rotating bevel gear (33) is provided with a card tooth (34) meshing with a ratchet (24) in the card cavity (22), the main shaft of the reducer (11) is connected to the shaft of one of the rotating bevel gears (33), and the swing head device (4) is transmission-coordinated with the rotating card rod (25).

4. The powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism of a high-power electric spindle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The swing head device (4) comprises an A-axis swing head component (5) and a B-axis swing head component (6), wherein the A-axis swing head component (5) comprises a supporting frame (51) rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting frame (1), a plurality of slots (52) are provided on the outer wall of the rotating clamping rod (25) around the circumference of the rotating clamping rod (25), a receiving cavity (53) is provided on the supporting frame (51), a clamping rod (54) is slidably arranged in the receiving cavity (53), an end of the clamping rod (54) is clamped and matched with the slot (52) on the rotating clamping rod (25), a pressure spring (55) is sleeved on the clamping rod (54), and the two ends of the pressure spring (55) are respectively connected to the clamping rod (54) and the receiving cavity (53).

5. According to claim 4, a powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism of a high-power electric spindle is characterized in that: The B-axis swing head component (6) includes a rotating sleeve shaft (61) rotatably arranged on a carrier frame (51), a rotating bevel gear (62) being fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve shaft (61), a telescopic positioning clamping shaft (63) being arranged on the rotating sleeve shaft (61), the positioning clamping shaft (63) being engaged with a rotating clamping rod (25), the positioning clamping shaft (63) and the inner wall of the rotating sleeve shaft (61) being frictionally driven, a wedge-shaped clamping plate (64) being slidably arranged on the carrier frame (51), a connecting spring (65) being arranged between the wedge-shaped clamping plate (64) and the carrier frame (51), the outer end surface of the positioning clamping shaft (63) being arranged in a conical shape, and the wedge-shaped clamping plate (64) abutting against the outer end surface of the positioning clamping shaft (63).

6. The powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism of a high-power electric spindle according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A transmission rod (66) is rotatably provided on the carrier (51), and two transmission bevel gears (67) are fixedly provided on the transmission rod (66) and are arranged in opposite directions, and one of the transmission bevel gears (67) is meshed with the rotating bevel gear (62). A swing rod (68) is also rotatably connected to the carrier (51), and an adjusting bevel gear (69) is fixedly connected to the swing rod (68), and the adjusting bevel gear (69) is meshed with the other transmission bevel gear (67). A swing rod (68) is fixedly connected to a swing frame (610), and the cutter head device (7) is connected to the swing frame (610).

7. The powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism of a high-power electric spindle according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The adjusting bevel gear (69) is provided with a telescopically arranged abutment rod (611); a fixing rod (612) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the supporting frame (51); a switching frame (613) is slidably arranged on the two fixing rods (612); the switching frame (613) is slidably matched with the two fixing rods (612); an elastic spring (614) is sleeved on the fixing rod (612); two ends of the elastic spring (614) are respectively connected to the switching frame (613) and the supporting frame (51); the switching frame (613) is respectively extended toward the bottom of the clamping rod (54) and the wedge-shaped clamping plate (64) with a wedge-shaped frame (615); and the wedge-shaped ends of the two wedge-shaped frames (615) are arranged in opposite directions; the switching frame (613) is in abutment with the abutment rod (611) on the adjusting gear.

8. The powerful five-axis linkage swing head mechanism of a high-power electric spindle according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The cutter head device (7) comprises a rotating motor (71) fixedly connected to a swing frame (610); the main shaft of the rotating motor (71) is connected to a driving rod (72); a conical limiting cylinder (73) is clamped on the driving rod (72); a tension spring (74) is connected between the limiting cylinder (73) and the driving rod (72); a limiting groove (75) is provided on the limiting cylinder (73); the outer wall of the limiting cylinder (73) is in contact with the abutting rod (611); and the swing frame (610) is hinged. A limiting frame (76) is provided, and a moving cylinder (77) is also clamped on the driving rod (72), and a moving groove (78) is provided on the moving cylinder (77). Two centrifugal frames (79) are arranged on the outer wall of the moving cylinder (77) and are hinged in opposite directions. The centrifugal frames (79) are hingedly matched with the driving rod (72), and a connecting frame (710) is extended from the limiting frame (76) toward the limiting groove (75) and the moving groove (78), and a cutter head (711) is also fixedly connected to the driving rod (72).

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