An automated fatigue specimen polishing machine and method

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic fatigue sample polishing machine and a polishing method, and belongs to the technical field of material fatigue testing.The fatigue sample station is switched through a station switching mechanism, the fatigue sample is fixed through a sample fixing mechanism, and the self-rotation function of the fatigue sample is realized; and the polishing of the fatigue sample is realized through a polishing mechanism.Specifically, the station switching mechanism is connected with the sample fixing mechanism through a rotating rod, the switching of the station in the sample fixing mechanism is realized through the rotation of the rotating rod, and a bearing seat is fixed on a cross rod.The first center and the second center in the sample fixing mechanism are used for clamping the fatigue sample.This design enables multiple fatigue samples to be fixed on different stations at the same time, the rotation of the rotating rod is controlled through a first motor, the switching of different stations is realized, and therefore, the continuous polishing of multiple samples can be realized, the polishing efficiency and the equipment utilization rate are improved, and the additional labor cost and the idle time of the equipment caused by the replacement of the samples are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of material fatigue testing technology, specifically relating to an automated fatigue specimen polishing machine and polishing method. Background Technology

[0002] Fatigue specimens are specially designed and prepared samples used to simulate the cyclic stresses that materials may encounter in actual use, in order to predict whether they will fail due to fatigue during long-term service. Specimen preparation involves molding and machining, during which heat generation should be minimized to ensure a smooth surface. When grinding, it is essential to work along the longitudinal direction of the specimen to remove minor scratches or marks.

[0003] Patent document CN108267353A discloses a device for longitudinal polishing of material testing specimens. This device includes an active component, a specimen fixing table motion control module, a specimen rotation motion control module, a grinding head reciprocating grinding motion module, a belt drive control mechanism, a pressure loading mechanism, and a controller. It performs axial polishing of fatigue metal specimens through digital control. However, the specimen fixing table motion control module only has one three-jaw chuck for fixing the specimen. This design structurally limits the polishing process to one specimen at a time, preventing simultaneous operation on multiple specimens. Because only one specimen can be fixed at a time, the device can only polish one specimen at a time during operation. Compared to polishing equipment that can simultaneously fix multiple specimens for batch processing, the amount of polishing work completed per unit time is significantly less, resulting in lower overall polishing efficiency. In actual material testing, multiple specimens often need to be polished. This device can only process one specimen at a time, requiring the next specimen to be re-clamped after processing, a process that consumes time. During this period, the polishing equipment is idle and cannot perform effective polishing work, resulting in low equipment utilization. In addition, it requires personnel to be on duty to change samples, causing additional labor costs. Moreover, the working hours of the on-duty personnel are usually limited, making it impossible to achieve 24 / 7 operation of the equipment, which further reduces polishing efficiency.

[0004] In summary, existing polishing devices can only fix one sample at a time, resulting in low polishing efficiency, low equipment utilization, and increased labor costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automated fatigue sample polishing machine and polishing method that addresses the shortcomings of the prior art. The machine has low labor costs, high polishing efficiency, high equipment utilization, and is easy to promote and use.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An automated fatigue specimen polishing machine, characterized in that it includes a base, a specimen fixing mechanism, a station switching mechanism, a polishing mechanism, and a controller;

[0008] An inverted L-shaped bracket is provided on the base, and the inverted L-shaped bracket includes a vertical bar and a horizontal bar;

[0009] The workstation switching mechanism includes a first motor, a coupling, a rotating rod, a bearing, and a bearing seat connected in sequence. The first motor is fixed on the base and transmits power to the rotating rod through the coupling to achieve rotation control of the rotating rod. The bearing seat is fixed on the crossbar.

[0010] The sample fixing mechanism includes an upper second motor, an upper disk, and a lower disk; the upper disk and the lower disk are centrally fitted and fixed on a rotating rod; at least two first centers are evenly distributed circumferentially on the upper surface of the lower disk; the upper disk is rotatably connected to a second center corresponding to the first centers; the first centers and the second centers are used to cooperate in clamping the fatigue sample; the output shaft of the second motor is driven and connected to the first centers to realize the rotation control of the fatigue sample;

[0011] The upper disc is connected to the rotating rod via an expansion sleeve to achieve adjustable height of the upper disc;

[0012] The polishing mechanism includes a third motor, a mounting bracket, a rubber wheel, a sliding rod, and a lead screw shaft mounted on a vertical rod. The mounting bracket has a horizontal groove, and the sliding rod is slidably connected to the groove. The rubber wheel is mounted on one end of the sliding rod, and a polishing abrasive belt is provided on the outside of the rubber wheel for polishing the fatigue sample. A nut is inserted through the center of the mounting bracket, and the nut is connected to the lead screw shaft through ball bearings. The lead screw shaft is connected to the output end of the third motor to achieve vertical oscillation control of the mounting bracket.

[0013] A distance sensor is installed on the vertical rod to measure the height data of the polishing mechanism;

[0014] The controller is connected to the first motor, the second motor, and the third motor for control, and is also connected to the distance sensor for data transmission.

[0015] Furthermore, the second tip is rotatably connected to the upper disk via an adjusting rod, and the lower end of the adjusting rod is rotatably connected to the first tip. The adjusting rod is provided with an external thread, and the upper disk is provided with a positioning sleeve corresponding to the adjusting rod. The positioning sleeve is provided with an internal thread that engages with the external thread of the adjusting rod. Rotating the adjusting rod can adjust the height of the second tip.

[0016] Furthermore, there are 6 second centers; correspondingly, there are 6 first centers, 6 adjusting rods, and 6 positioning sleeves.

[0017] Furthermore, the mounting bracket is a Y-shaped bracket, one end of which is used to mount a rubber wheel, and the other two ends are respectively provided with a first sanding belt disc for storing the polishing sanding belt and a second sanding belt disc for recycling the polishing sanding belt. The polishing sanding belt passes through the rubber wheel and is connected to the second sanding belt disc.

[0018] Furthermore, the polishing mechanism also includes a fourth motor connected to the controller. The output end of the fourth motor is connected to the power input end of the first and second sanding belt discs respectively to drive the sanding belt discs to rotate, thereby driving the polishing sanding belt to operate.

[0019] Furthermore, a force sensor is installed at the bottom of the chute, and a spring is connected to the other end of the slide rod. The sensing end of the force sensor is in contact with the spring to obtain the force data of the abrasive belt at the rubber wheel. The controller is connected to the force sensor for data transmission.

[0020] Furthermore, the first apex is the plum blossom apex.

[0021] This invention also discloses an automated fatigue specimen polishing method, which is based on the aforementioned automated fatigue specimen polishing machine; the method includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Obtain the corresponding polishing length, sample rotation speed, polishing pressure, abrasive belt grit size, polishing depth, vertical oscillation amplitude, and oscillation frequency data based on the material of the fatigue sample; determine the material removal rate based on the polishing length, sample rotation speed, polishing pressure, abrasive belt grit size, vertical oscillation amplitude, and oscillation frequency; calculate the polishing time based on the determined material removal rate and polishing depth; calculate the polishing speed based on the polishing time and polishing length; determine the switching time based on the polishing time.

[0023] The formula for calculating the polishing time is:

[0024]

[0025] Where t is the polishing time, h is the polishing depth, and MRR is the material removal rate;

[0026] The formula for calculating the polishing speed is:

[0027]

[0028] Where v is the polishing speed, l is the polishing length, and t is the polishing time;

[0029] Step 2: Adjust the height of the upper disc to install the fatigue specimen between the first and second centers;

[0030] Step 3: The controller obtains the current height of the polishing mechanism. If its height is not at the initial height, it controls the polishing mechanism to move to the initial height.

[0031] Step 4: The controller controls the first motor to operate according to the switching time to switch the position of the fatigue sample; controls the second motor to operate according to the sample rotation speed to control the fatigue sample to rotate according to the sample rotation speed; controls the third motor to operate according to the polishing speed, oscillation frequency and oscillation amplitude to control the polishing mechanism to move upward from the initial height according to the polishing speed, and the abrasive belt to oscillate vertically according to the oscillation frequency and oscillation amplitude.

[0032] Furthermore, the method also includes the following steps: the controller acquires force value data, and when the force value is greater than the maximum value of the set force value range, it controls the rubber wheel to retract; when the force value is less than the minimum value of the set force value range, it controls the rubber wheel to extend.

[0033] Furthermore, the belt feed rate is determined based on the material of the fatigue test sample, and the operation of the fourth motor is controlled according to the belt feed rate to control the polishing belt to operate according to the belt feed rate.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0035] This invention achieves the switching of fatigue sample workstations through a workstation switching mechanism, fixes the fatigue sample through a sample fixing mechanism and enables the fatigue sample to rotate, and polishes the fatigue sample through a polishing mechanism. Specifically, the workstation switching mechanism includes a first motor, a coupling, a rotating rod, a bearing, and a bearing seat connected in sequence. The first motor is fixed on the base and transmits power to the rotating rod through the coupling to achieve rotation control of the rotating rod. The bearing seat is fixed on a crossbar. The sample fixing mechanism includes an upper second motor, an upper disk, and a lower disk. The upper and lower disks are centrally fitted and fixed to the rotating rod. At least two first centers are evenly distributed circumferentially on the upper surface of the lower disk. The upper disk is rotatably connected to a second center corresponding to the first centers. The first and second centers are used to clamp the fatigue sample. This design allows multiple samples to be fixed in different workstations simultaneously. By controlling the rotation of the rotating rod through the first motor, the switching of different workstations is achieved, thereby enabling continuous polishing of multiple samples, improving polishing efficiency and equipment utilization, and reducing the additional labor costs and equipment downtime caused by sample replacement.

[0036] The controller is connected to the first, second, and third motors, and also to the distance sensor for data transmission. Through automated control, various parameters during the polishing process, such as the sample rotation speed, the polishing mechanism's movement speed, and oscillation frequency, can be precisely controlled, ensuring consistent polishing quality and further improving polishing efficiency and equipment reliability. This achieves automated and efficient polishing of multiple fatigue samples, increasing polishing efficiency and equipment utilization, reducing labor costs, and ensuring stable polishing quality.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic front view of the automated fatigue sample polishing machine of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a top view of the upper disc structure of the automated fatigue sample polishing machine of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the polishing mechanism in the automated fatigue specimen polishing method of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals:

[0041] 1. Base;

[0042] 2. Inverted L-shaped bracket; 21. Vertical bar; 22. Horizontal bar;

[0043] 3. Workstation switching mechanism; 31. First motor; 32. Coupling; 33. Rotating rod; 34. Bearing;

[0044] 4. Sample fixing mechanism; 41. Second motor; 42. Expansion sleeve; 43. Upper disc; 44. Lower disc; 45. First center; 46. Second center; 47. Adjusting rod; 48. Positioning sleeve;

[0045] 5. Polishing mechanism; 51. Third motor; 52. Lead screw shaft; 53. Nut; 54. Y-shaped bracket; 55. Rubber wheel; 56. Slide rod; 57. Spring; 58. Fourth motor; 59. First sanding belt disc; 510. Second sanding belt disc; 511. Polishing sanding belt;

[0046] 6. Distance sensor;

[0047] 7. Fatigue test specimens. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Example of an automated fatigue specimen polishing method:

[0049] An automated fatigue specimen polishing method is provided, which is based on an automated fatigue specimen polishing machine. Specifically, the structure of this automated fatigue specimen polishing machine is as follows:

[0050] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the automated fatigue specimen polishing machine includes a base 1, a specimen fixing mechanism 4, a station switching mechanism 3, a polishing mechanism 5, and a controller. An inverted L-shaped support 2 is mounted on the base 1, and the inverted L-shaped support 2 includes a vertical rod 21 and a horizontal rod 22.

[0051] To achieve the rotation of the drill rod, the station switching mechanism 3 includes a first motor 31, a coupling 32, a rotating rod 33, a bearing 34, and a bearing 34 seat connected in sequence. The first motor 31 is fixed on the base 1 and transmits power to the rotating rod 33 through the coupling 32 to achieve rotation control of the rotating rod 33. The bearing 34 seat is fixed on the crossbar 22, that is, the rotating rod 33 is installed between the crossbar 22 and the base 1 and is parallel to the vertical bar 21.

[0052] To clamp the fatigue specimen 7, the specimen fixing mechanism 4 includes an upper second motor 41, an upper disk 43, and a lower disk 44. The upper disk 43 and the lower disk 44 are centrally fitted and fixed on the rotating rod 33. At least two first tips 45 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the upper surface of the lower disk 44. The upper disk 43 is rotatably connected to a second tip 46 corresponding to the first tip 45. The first tip 45 and the second tip 46 are used to clamp the fatigue specimen 7. The output shaft of the second motor 41 is driven by the first tip 45 to achieve rotation control of the fatigue specimen 7. That is, the rotation function of the fatigue specimen 7 is achieved by the lower second motor. By setting the upper disk 43 and the lower disk 44 on the rotating rod 33, the rotation of the rotating rod 33 drives the rotation of the upper disk 43 and the lower disk 44, thus achieving the switching of the work position. The work position refers to the position where the fatigue specimen 7 is clamped. Because there are at least two first tips 45, there are at least two work positions for clamping the fatigue specimen 7.

[0053] To ensure easy clamping of the fatigue specimen 7, the upper disc 43 is connected to the rotating rod 33 via an expansion sleeve 42, allowing for height adjustment of the upper disc 43. This adjusts the distance between the upper disc 43 and the lower disc 44, and consequently, the distance between the first tip 45 and the second tip 46. When mounting the fatigue specimen 7, the distance between the first tip 45 and the second tip 46 is increased, aligning one end of the fatigue specimen 7 with the first tip 45. The height of the lower disc 44 is then adjusted to decrease the distance, allowing the second tip 46 to press against the other end of the fatigue specimen 7, thus clamping the specimen. Since the second tip 46 is rotatably connected to the upper disc 43, it rotates along with the first tip 45 when the second motor 41 drives it.

[0054] Preferably, the first tip 45 is a plum blossom tip. The multi-point contact design of the plum blossom tip can better clamp the sample, reduce the shaking of the sample during the polishing process, ensure the smooth progress of the polishing process, and improve the polishing quality.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, to achieve friction polishing of the fatigue specimen 7, the polishing mechanism 5 includes a third motor 51, a mounting bracket, a rubber wheel 55, a sliding rod 56, and a lead screw shaft 52 mounted on the vertical rod 21. The mounting bracket has a horizontal groove, and the sliding rod 56 is slidably connected to the groove. The rubber wheel 55 is mounted on one end of the sliding rod 56, and a polishing abrasive belt 511 is mounted on the outside of the rubber wheel 55 for grinding the fatigue specimen 7. A nut 53 is inserted through the center of the mounting bracket, and the nut 53 is connected to the lead screw shaft 52 via ball bearings. The lead screw shaft 52 is connected to the output end of the third motor 51 to achieve vertical oscillation control of the mounting bracket. That is, by adjusting the length of the rubber wheel 55 through the sliding groove, the abrasive belt can contact the fatigue specimen 7, achieving effective grinding of the fatigue specimen 7.

[0056] In order to obtain the position of the polishing mechanism 5, a distance sensor 6 is installed on the vertical rod 21 to measure the height data of the polishing mechanism 5.

[0057] To achieve automation, the controller is connected to the first motor 31, the second motor 41, and the third motor 51 for control, and to the distance sensor 6 for data transmission.

[0058] To facilitate clamping fatigue specimens 7 of various lengths, the second tip 46 is rotatably connected to the upper disk 43 via an adjusting rod 47, and the lower end of the adjusting rod 47 is rotatably connected to the first tip 45. The adjusting rod 47 has an external thread, and the upper disk 43 has a positioning sleeve 48 corresponding to the adjusting rod 47. The positioning sleeve 48 has an internal thread that engages with the external thread of the adjusting rod 47. Rotating the adjusting rod 47 adjusts the height of the second tip 46. In other words, the height of the adjusting rod 47 can be adjusted by rotating it, thereby adjusting the height of the second tip 46. This allows the specimen fixing mechanism 4 to adapt to fatigue specimens 7 of different sizes, improving the versatility and applicability of the polishing machine and enhancing the flexibility and practicality of the equipment. Furthermore, this rotatable connection can be achieved through a bearing structure or a snap-fit ​​structure, as long as the requirement for free rotation is met.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, to ensure the stability and compactness of the polishing machine, six second-tip centers 46 are provided; correspondingly, six first-tip centers 45, six adjusting rods 47, and six positioning sleeves 48 are also provided. Increasing the number of centers allows for the simultaneous fixing of more fatigue specimens 7, further improving polishing efficiency. Especially when a large number of specimens need to be processed in batches, it can significantly reduce equipment downtime and clamping time, thereby improving overall work efficiency. Figure 1 The image shows two cases where the top 45 is the first.

[0060] The mounting bracket is a Y-shaped bracket 54. One end of the Y-shaped bracket 54 is used to mount the rubber wheel 55, and the other two ends are respectively provided with a first abrasive belt disc 59 for storing the polishing abrasive belt 511 and a second abrasive belt disc 510 for recycling the polishing abrasive belt 511. The polishing abrasive belt 511 passes through the rubber wheel 55 and connects to the second abrasive belt disc 510. The design of the Y-shaped bracket 54 makes the storage and recycling of the polishing abrasive belt 511 more orderly, and makes the replacement and maintenance of the polishing abrasive belt 511 more convenient. The design of the abrasive belt storage and recycling discs makes the replacement and maintenance of the abrasive belt more convenient, reduces downtime, improves equipment utilization, and also ensures the tension of the polishing abrasive belt 511 during use, improving the polishing effect and the reliability of the equipment.

[0061] To further ensure the polishing effect, the polishing mechanism 5 also includes a fourth motor 58 connected to the controller. The output end of the fourth motor 58 is connected to the power input end of the first abrasive belt disc 59 and the second abrasive belt disc 510, respectively, to drive the abrasive belt discs to rotate, thereby driving the polishing abrasive belt 511 to rotate. By automatically adjusting the tension of the abrasive belt through the fourth motor 58, it can be ensured that the abrasive belt always maintains appropriate tension during use, and it can also be ensured that the polishing abrasive belt 511 used for polishing is always new, thus improving the polishing effect.

[0062] To ensure the stability of the polishing pressure, a force sensor is installed at the bottom of the chute. A spring 57 is connected to the other end of the slide rod 56. The sensing end of the force sensor contacts the spring 57 to acquire the force data of the abrasive belt at the rubber wheel 55. The controller is connected to the force sensor for data transmission. The force sensor can monitor the pressure between the abrasive belt and the sample in real time during polishing, ensuring the stability of the polishing pressure.

[0063] The automated fatigue specimen polishing method includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: Obtain the corresponding polishing length, sample rotation speed, polishing pressure, abrasive belt grit size, polishing depth, vertical oscillation amplitude, and oscillation frequency data based on the material of fatigue specimen 7; determine the material removal rate based on the polishing length, sample rotation speed, polishing pressure, abrasive belt grit size, vertical oscillation amplitude, and oscillation frequency; calculate the polishing time based on the determined material removal rate and polishing depth; calculate the polishing speed based on the polishing time and polishing length; determine the switching time based on the polishing time. The top material removal rate can be determined empirically or by designing orthogonal experiments.

[0065] The formula for calculating the polishing time is:

[0066]

[0067] Where t is the polishing time, h is the polishing depth, and MRR is the material removal rate;

[0068] The formula for calculating the polishing speed is:

[0069]

[0070] Where v is the polishing speed, l is the polishing length, and t is the polishing time;

[0071] Step 2: By adjusting the height of the upper disc 43, the fatigue sample 7 is installed between the first tip 45 and the second tip 46.

[0072] Step 3: The controller obtains the current height of the polishing mechanism 5. If its height is not at the initial height, it controls the polishing mechanism 5 to move to the initial height.

[0073] Step 4: The controller controls the first motor 31 to operate according to the switching time to switch the position of the fatigue specimen 7; controls the second motor 41 to operate according to the specimen rotation speed to control the fatigue specimen 7 to rotate according to the specimen rotation speed; controls the third motor 51 to operate according to the polishing speed, oscillation frequency and oscillation amplitude to control the polishing mechanism 5 to move upward from the initial height according to the polishing speed, and the abrasive belt to oscillate vertically according to the oscillation frequency and oscillation amplitude.

[0074] The polishing process is fully automated through the controller. From sample installation, position switching, and rotation control to the movement of the polishing mechanism 5, the entire process requires no manual intervention, which improves polishing efficiency and quality.

[0075] The method also includes the following steps: the controller acquires force data; when the force value is greater than the maximum value of the set force range, it controls the rubber wheel 55 to retract; when the force value is less than the minimum value of the set force range, it controls the rubber wheel 55 to extend. Based on feedback data from the force sensor, the controller adjusts the position of the rubber wheel 55 in real time to ensure that the polishing pressure remains within the set range, avoiding uneven polishing caused by pressure fluctuations.

[0076] The method also includes the following steps: determining the abrasive belt feed rate based on the material of the fatigue specimen 7; controlling the operation of the fourth motor 58 according to the abrasive belt feed rate to control the polishing abrasive belt 511 to tighten according to the abrasive belt feed rate; and automatically adjusting the abrasive belt feed rate according to the specimen material to ensure optimal contact between the abrasive belt and the specimen.

[0077] Example of an automated fatigue specimen polishing machine:

[0078] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the automated fatigue specimen polishing machine includes a base 1, a specimen fixing mechanism 4, a station switching mechanism 3, a polishing mechanism 5, and a controller.

[0079] An inverted L-shaped bracket 2 is provided on the base 1, and the inverted L-shaped bracket 2 includes a vertical rod 21 and a horizontal rod 22.

[0080] The aforementioned workstation switching mechanism 3 includes a first motor 31, a coupling 32, a rotating rod 33, a bearing 34, and a bearing 34 seat connected in sequence. The first motor 31 is fixed on the base 1 and transmits power to the rotating rod 33 through the coupling 32 to achieve rotation control of the rotating rod 33. The bearing 34 seat is fixed on the crossbar 22.

[0081] The aforementioned sample fixing mechanism 4 includes an upper second motor 41, an upper disk 43, and a lower disk 44; the upper disk 43 and the lower disk 44 are centrally fitted and fixed on the rotating rod 33; at least two first tips 45 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the upper surface of the lower disk 44; the upper disk 43 is rotatably connected to a second tip 46 corresponding to the first tip 45; the first tip 45 and the second tip 46 are used to cooperate in clamping the fatigue sample 7; the output shaft of the aforementioned second motor 41 is drivenly connected to the first tip 45 to realize the rotation control of the fatigue sample 7;

[0082] The upper disc 43 is connected to the rotating rod 33 via the expansion sleeve 42 to achieve adjustable height of the upper disc 43;

[0083] The polishing mechanism 5 includes a third motor 51, a mounting bracket, a rubber wheel 55, a slide rod 56, and a lead screw shaft 52 mounted on a vertical rod 21. The mounting bracket has a horizontal groove, and the slide rod 56 is slidably connected to the groove. The rubber wheel 55 is mounted on one end of the slide rod 56, and a polishing abrasive belt 511 is provided on the outside of the rubber wheel 55 for polishing the fatigue sample 7. A nut 53 is inserted through the center of the mounting bracket, and the nut 53 is connected to the lead screw shaft 52 through balls. The lead screw shaft 52 is connected to the output end of the third motor 51 to realize vertical oscillation control of the mounting bracket.

[0084] A distance sensor 6 is installed on the aforementioned vertical rod 21 to measure the height data of the polishing mechanism 5;

[0085] The controller is connected to the first motor 31, the second motor 41, and the third motor 51 for control, and to the ranging sensor 6 for data transmission.

[0086] This embodiment is implemented with reference to the above-described embodiment of the automated fatigue specimen polishing method, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated fatigue specimen polishing method characterized by: This method is based on an automated fatigue specimen polishing machine, which includes a base (1), a specimen fixing mechanism (4), a station switching mechanism (3), a polishing mechanism (5), and a controller; the method includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the corresponding polishing length, sample rotation speed, polishing pressure, abrasive belt particle size, polishing depth, vertical oscillation amplitude, and oscillation frequency data based on the material of the fatigue sample (7); determine the material removal rate based on the polishing length, sample rotation speed, polishing pressure, abrasive belt particle size, vertical oscillation amplitude, and oscillation frequency; calculate the polishing time based on the determined material removal rate and polishing depth; calculate the polishing speed based on the polishing time and polishing length; determine the switching time based on the polishing time. The formula for calculating the polishing time is: wherein, is the polishing time, is the polishing depth, is the material removal rate; The formula for calculating the polishing speed is: wherein, is the polishing speed, is the polishing length, is the polishing duration; Step 2: By adjusting the height of the upper disc (43), the fatigue specimen (7) is installed between the first center (45) and the second center (46); Step 3: The controller obtains the current height of the polishing mechanism (5). If its height is not at the initial height, the controller controls the polishing mechanism (5) to move to the initial height. Step 4: The controller controls the first motor (31) to operate according to the switching time to switch the position of the fatigue specimen (7); controls the second motor (41) to operate according to the specimen rotation speed to control the fatigue specimen (7) to rotate according to the specimen rotation speed; controls the third motor (51) to operate according to the polishing speed, oscillation frequency and oscillation amplitude to control the polishing mechanism (5) to move upward from the initial height according to the polishing speed, and the abrasive belt to oscillate vertically according to the oscillation frequency and oscillation amplitude. An inverted L-shaped bracket (2) is provided on the base (1), and the inverted L-shaped bracket (2) includes a vertical rod (21) and a horizontal rod (22). The workstation switching mechanism (3) includes a first motor (31), a coupling (32), a rotating rod (33), a bearing (34), and a bearing (34) seat connected in sequence. The first motor (31) is fixed on the base (1) and transmits power to the rotating rod (33) through the coupling (32) to realize the rotation control of the rotating rod (33). The bearing (34) seat is fixed on the crossbar (22). The sample fixing mechanism (4) includes an upper second motor (41), an upper disk (43), and a lower disk (44); the upper disk (43) and the lower disk (44) are centrally fitted and fixed on the rotating rod (33); at least two first centers (45) are evenly distributed circumferentially on the upper surface of the lower disk (44); the upper disk (43) is freely rotatably connected to a second center (46) corresponding to the first center (45); the first center (45) and the second center (46) are used to cooperate in clamping the fatigue sample (7); the output shaft of the second motor (41) is driven and connected to the first center (45) to realize the rotation control of the fatigue sample (7); The upper disc (43) is connected to the rotating rod (33) through the expansion sleeve (42) so that the height of the upper disc (43) can be adjusted; The polishing mechanism (5) includes a third motor (51), a mounting bracket, a rubber wheel (55), a slide rod (56), and a lead screw shaft (52) mounted on a vertical rod (21). The mounting bracket has a horizontal groove, and the slide rod (56) is slidably connected to the groove. The rubber wheel (55) is mounted on one end of the slide rod (56), and a polishing abrasive belt (511) is provided on the outside of the rubber wheel (55) for polishing the fatigue sample (7). A nut (53) is inserted through the center of the mounting bracket, and the nut (53) is connected to the lead screw shaft (52) through a ball. The lead screw shaft (52) is connected to the output end of the third motor (51) to realize vertical oscillation control of the mounting bracket. A distance sensor (6) is provided on the vertical rod (21) for measuring the height data of the polishing mechanism (5); The controller is connected to the first motor (31), the second motor (41), and the third motor (51) for control, and to the distance sensor (6) for data transmission.

2. An automated fatigue specimen polishing method according to claim 1, characterized by: The second tip (46) is rotatably connected to the upper disk (43) via an adjusting rod (47), and the lower end of the adjusting rod (47) is rotatably connected to the first tip (45). The adjusting rod (47) is provided with an external thread, and the upper disk (43) is provided with a positioning sleeve (48) corresponding to the adjusting rod (47). The positioning sleeve (48) is provided with an internal thread, which cooperates with the external thread of the adjusting rod (47). The height of the second tip (46) can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting rod (47).

3. An automated fatigue specimen polishing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second tip (46) is provided with 6; the corresponding first tip (45), adjusting rod (47), and positioning sleeve (48) are all provided with 6.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: The mounting bracket is a Y-shaped bracket (54). One end of the Y-shaped bracket (54) is used to mount a rubber wheel (55), and the other two ends are respectively provided with a first sanding belt disc (59) for storing the polishing sanding belt (511) and a second sanding belt disc (510) for recycling the polishing sanding belt (511). The polishing sanding belt (511) passes through the rubber wheel (55) and is connected to the second sanding belt disc (510).

5. An automated fatigue specimen polishing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The polishing mechanism (5) also includes a fourth motor (58) connected to the controller. The output end of the fourth motor (58) is connected to the power input end of the first sanding belt disc (59) and the second sanding belt disc (510) respectively, so as to drive the sanding belt disc to rotate, thereby driving the polishing sanding belt (511) to run.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: A force sensor is provided at the bottom of the chute, and a spring (57) is connected to the other end of the slide rod (56). The sensing end of the force sensor is in contact with the spring (57) to obtain the force data of the sand belt at the rubber wheel (55). The controller is connected to the force sensor for data transmission.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein: The first apex (45) is a plum blossom apex.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein: The method also includes the following steps: the controller acquires force value data, and when the force value is greater than the maximum value of the set force value range, the controller controls the rubber wheel (55) to retract, and when the force value is less than the minimum value of the set force value range, the controller controls the rubber wheel (55) to extend.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein: According to the material of the fatigue sample (7), the abrasive belt feeding amount is determined, and the fourth motor (58) is controlled to operate according to the abrasive belt feeding amount, so as to control the polishing abrasive belt (511) to operate according to the abrasive belt feeding amount.

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