Thermal management method, controller and system for fuel cell engineering vehicles

Abstract

This application discloses a thermal management method, controller, system, and storage medium for fuel cell engineering vehicles, relating to the field of new energy vehicle technology. The thermal management system for the fuel cell engineering vehicle includes: a compressor air conditioning circuit, a fuel cell circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a power battery circuit. Each circuit is connected via a flow-directing valve, and each circuit includes its own temperature sensor. The method includes: controlling the flow-directing valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating; controlling the flow-directing valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation; and controlling the flow-directing valves to allow the return medium to flow into the corresponding circuit requiring heating when the return medium temperature meets the heating requirement of the circuit requiring heating. This method is beneficial for improving the energy utilization rate of fuel cell engineering vehicles and maximizing their driving range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, and specifically to a thermal management method, controller, system and storage medium for fuel cell engineering vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, major automakers are launching new energy products, including pure electric, hybrid, and range-extended vehicles. A well-designed and reasonable thermal management system can keep the vehicle temperature within a suitable range, while efficiently distributing and utilizing the vehicle's energy to improve range. However, in the current automotive field, most manufacturers of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have developed distributed thermal management systems, where each subsystem has its own independent cooling system. The drawbacks of this distributed thermal management system design are the large number of components in each subsystem, increasing costs and requiring significant space in the vehicle layout. Most importantly, it leads to the inefficient use of energy in each subsystem, meaning that the waste heat generated by the system is not fully utilized, resulting in energy waste. Therefore, a well-designed thermal management scheme is particularly important for the rational utilization of energy in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles, in order to solve the technical problem of how to rationally allocate the thermal energy of the thermal management system in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application provides a thermal management method for a fuel cell engineering vehicle. The thermal management system of the fuel cell engineering vehicle includes: a compressor air conditioning circuit, a fuel cell circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a power battery circuit. Each circuit is connected via a flow guide valve, and each circuit includes its own temperature sensor. The method includes:

[0005] The circuits that need to be heated and the circuits that need to dissipate heat in the thermal management system are determined based on the temperature values ​​detected by their respective temperature sensors.

[0006] Control the flow guide valves that connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs to be heated, so as to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs to be heated, and provide heating medium to the circuit that needs to be heated;

[0007] Control the flow guide valves that connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs heat dissipation, so as to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs heat dissipation, and control the thermostatic regulating valves in each circuit that needs heat dissipation to change the heating medium into the heat dissipation medium of the circuit that needs heat dissipation.

[0008] The return medium temperature of the circuit requiring heat dissipation is determined by the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor in the circuit requiring heat dissipation.

[0009] When the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement of the circuit to be heated, the corresponding guide valve is controlled to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit to be heated at the required heating temperature.

[0010] In this embodiment, the circuits requiring heating include a fuel cell circuit and a power battery circuit, and the circuits requiring heat dissipation include an electric drive system circuit. Controlling the flow-guiding valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating, and providing a heating medium to the circuits requiring heating, includes: controlling the flow-guiding valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and the fuel cell circuit to connect the fuel cell and the compressor air conditioning circuit; the compressor air conditioning circuit self-heats through the heating medium and provides a heating medium to the fuel cell through the flow-guiding valves connecting the fuel cell and the compressor air conditioning circuit; when the return medium temperature meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit requiring heating, controlling the corresponding flow-guiding valves to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit requiring heating corresponding to the heating requirement temperature, includes: when the return medium temperature of the electric drive system circuit or the power battery circuit meets the heating requirement temperature of the fuel cell circuit, controlling the corresponding flow-guiding valves to allow the return medium to flow into the fuel cell circuit.

[0011] In this embodiment of the application, the thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles further includes: when the fuel cell circuit is a circuit that requires heating, the fuel cell activates self-heating until the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the fuel cell circuit reaches the lower limit of the fuel cell temperature; when the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the fuel cell circuit reaches the lower limit of the fuel cell temperature, adjusting the flow guide valve connected to the fuel cell circuit to reduce the flow rate of the medium in the fuel cell circuit.

[0012] In this embodiment, the fuel cell circuit and the electric drive system circuit are circuits that require heat dissipation, and the power battery circuit is a circuit that requires heating. When the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit that needs heating, controlling the corresponding guide valve to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit that needs heating at the corresponding heating requirement temperature includes: when the temperature of the return medium in the fuel cell circuit or the electric drive system circuit meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit that needs heating, controlling the corresponding guide valve to allow the return medium to flow into the compressor air conditioning circuit and / or the power battery circuit.

[0013] In this embodiment of the application, the thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles further includes: when the power battery circuit is a circuit that needs to be heated, the power battery circuit activates self-heating until the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the power battery circuit reaches the lower limit of the power battery temperature; when the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the power battery circuit reaches the lower limit of the power battery temperature, adjusting the flow guide valve connected to the power battery circuit to reduce the medium flow rate in the fuel cell circuit.

[0014] In this embodiment, the circuits requiring heat dissipation include: a compressor air conditioning circuit, a fuel cell circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a power battery circuit. Controlling the thermostatic valves in each circuit requiring heat dissipation to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium for that circuit includes: controlling the thermostatic valve in the compressor air conditioning circuit to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium supplied to the evaporator in the compressor air conditioning circuit; controlling the electromagnetic expansion valve in the fuel cell circuit to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium supplied to the fuel cell circuit; controlling the thermostatic valve in the electric drive system circuit to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium supplied to the electric drive system circuit; and controlling the thermostatic valve in the power battery circuit to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium supplied to the power battery circuit.

[0015] In this embodiment, the method controls the flow control valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation, and controls the thermostatic regulating valves in each circuit requiring heat dissipation to convert the heating medium into the heat dissipation medium for the circuit requiring heat dissipation. It also includes: when the temperature values ​​detected by the temperature sensors of the fuel cell circuit, electric drive system circuit, and power battery circuit are greater than the upper limit of their respective circuit temperatures, controlling the opening degree of the flow control valves of the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation to be at its maximum. The thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles further includes: when the fuel cell circuit is a circuit requiring heat dissipation and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the fuel cell circuit reaches the lower limit of the fuel cell temperature, adjusting the flow control valves connecting the fuel cell circuit to reduce the medium flow rate in the fuel cell circuit; and when the electric drive system circuit is a circuit requiring heat dissipation and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the electric drive system circuit reaches the lower limit of the fuel cell temperature, reducing the water pump speed of the fuel cell circuit to reduce the medium flow rate in the electric drive system circuit.

[0016] In this embodiment of the application, the thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles further includes: after reducing the flow rate of the medium in the fuel cell circuit and the power battery, reducing the fan speed corresponding to the evaporator in the compressor air conditioning circuit, and reducing the opening of the guide valve of each circuit that needs heat dissipation.

[0017] The second aspect of this application provides a controller for a fuel cell engineering vehicle, configured to retrieve instructions from a memory and, when executing the instructions, to implement the thermal management method for a fuel cell engineering vehicle provided according to any embodiment of the first aspect of this application.

[0018] A third aspect of this application provides a thermal management system for fuel cell engineering vehicles, comprising:

[0019] A compressor air conditioning circuit includes: a compressor; a condenser connected to the compressor; a second four-way valve, the second connection port of which is connected to the condenser; a first four-way valve, the first connection port of which is connected to the fourth connection port of the second four-way valve; a second temperature sensor connected to the third connection port of the first four-way valve; a first thermal valve connected to the second temperature sensor; an evaporator connected to the first thermal valve; and a first temperature sensor connected to the evaporator and the compressor. A fuel cell circuit includes: an electromagnetic expansion valve connected to the second connection port of the first four-way valve; a third four-way valve, the first connection port of which is connected to the electromagnetic expansion valve; a fuel cell connected to the third connection port of the third four-way valve; a fourth temperature sensor connected to the fuel cell; and a fifth four-way valve. The fourth connection port of the four-way valve is connected to the fourth temperature sensor; the second connection port of the fourth four-way valve is connected to the third connection port of the fifth four-way valve, and the fourth connection port of the fourth four-way valve is connected to the fourth connection port of the first four-way valve; the electric drive system circuit includes: a third thermal valve connected to the second connection port of the third four-way valve; an electric drive system connected to the third thermal valve; a fifth temperature sensor connected to the electric drive system, and the second connection port of the fifth four-way valve connected to the fifth temperature sensor; a fifth four-way valve, the second connection port of the fifth four-way valve connected to the fifth temperature sensor, and the fourth connection port of the fifth four-way valve connected to the fuel cell; the power battery circuit includes: a second thermal valve connected to the second connection port of the first four-way valve; a plate heat exchanger connected to the second thermal valve... Valves; Sixth four-way valve, the third connection port of the sixth four-way valve connects to the plate heat exchanger, the first connection port of the sixth four-way valve connects to the fourth connection port of the third four-way valve, and the second connection port of the sixth four-way valve connects to the first connection port of the fifth four-way valve; Second three-way valve, the second connection port of the second three-way valve connects to the plate heat exchanger; Battery pack, connected to the third connection port of the second three-way valve; Sixth temperature sensor, connected to the battery pack; Third three-way valve, the second connection port of the third three-way valve connects to the sixth temperature sensor, the first connection port of the third three-way valve connects to the fourth connection port of the third four-way valve, and the first connection port of the third three-way valve connects to the fourth connection port of the fourth four-way valve; Fourth four-way valve, the second connection port of the fourth four-way valve connects to the third connection port of the fifth four-way valve; Fourth four-way valve... The third connection port is connected to the first connection port of the second three-way valve, the first connection port of the fourth four-way valve is connected to the fourth connection port of the third four-way valve, and the fourth connection port of the fourth four-way valve is connected to the fourth connection port of the first four-way valve; the controller is configured to acquire the second temperature value of the second temperature sensor, the fourth temperature value of the fourth temperature sensor, the fifth temperature value of the fifth temperature sensor, and the sixth temperature value of the sixth temperature sensor; the controller determines the circuits that need to be heated and the circuits that need to be cooled in the thermal management system based on the fourth, fifth, and sixth temperature values; the controller controls the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs to be heated, so as to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs to be heated, and provide heating medium for the circuits that need to be heated;The controller controls the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation, thus connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation. It also controls the thermostatic valves in each circuit requiring heat dissipation to convert the heating medium into the heat dissipation medium for that circuit. The controller determines the return medium temperature for each circuit requiring heat dissipation based on the temperature values ​​detected by the temperature sensors in that circuit. When the return medium temperature meets the heating requirement of the circuit requiring heat dissipation, the controller controls the corresponding multi-way valves to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit corresponding to the required heating temperature.

[0020] In this embodiment, the circuits requiring heat dissipation include: a fuel cell circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a power battery circuit; controlling the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation includes: controlling the operation of a second four-way valve to connect the second and fourth connection ports of the second four-way valve; controlling the operation of a first four-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the first four-way valve, and controlling the operation of the first four-way valve to connect the first and second connection ports of the first four-way valve; controlling the operation of a third four-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the third four-way valve, and controlling the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first and second connection ports of the third four-way valve; controlling the operation of a fifth four-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve, and controlling the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the fourth and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve; controlling the operation of a fourth four-way valve to connect the second connection port of the fourth four-way valve to the first connection port of the fourth four-way valve, and controlling the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the fourth and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve; and controlling the operation of a fourth four-way valve to connect the second connection port of the fourth four-way valve to the first connection port of the fourth four-way valve, and controlling the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve, respectively. The third and fourth connection ports are connected; the first four-way valve is controlled to connect its fourth and second connection ports; the first four-way valve is controlled to connect its fourth and third connection ports; the third four-way valve is controlled to connect its fourth and second connection ports; the second three-way valve is controlled to connect its first and third connection ports; the third three-way valve is controlled to connect its second and first connection ports; the sixth four-way valve is controlled to connect its third and first connection ports; the thermal regulating valves in each circuit requiring heat dissipation are controlled, including: controlling the electromagnetic expansion valve, the first thermal valve, the second thermal valve, and the third thermal valve for cooling.

[0021] In this embodiment, the circuits requiring heating include: a fuel cell circuit and a power battery circuit; the circuits requiring heat dissipation include an electric drive system circuit; a self-heating compressor air conditioning circuit; and controlling a multi-way valve connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating, to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating, including: controlling the operation of a second four-way valve so that the fourth connection port of the second four-way valve connects to a plate heat exchanger; controlling the operation of the second four-way valve so that the second connection port and the fourth connection port of the second four-way valve connect; controlling the operation of a first four-way valve so that the first connection port and the third connection port of the first four-way valve connect, and controlling the operation of the first four-way valve so that the first connection port and the second connection port of the first four-way valve connect; controlling the operation of a third four-way valve so that the first connection port and the third connection port of the third four-way valve connect, and controlling the operation of the third four-way valve so that the first connection port and the second connection port of the third four-way valve connect; controlling the operation of a fifth four-way valve so that the second connection port and the third connection port of the fifth four-way valve connect, and controlling the operation of the fifth four-way valve so that the fourth connection port of the fifth four-way valve connects to the plate heat exchanger; controlling the operation of the second four-way valve so that the second connection port and the fourth connection port of the fifth four-way valve connect; controlling the operation of the third ... second connection port and the fourth connection port of the fifth four-way valve connect; controlling the operation of the third four-way valve so that the second connection port and the fourth connection port of the fifth four-way valve connect; controlling the operation of the third four-way valve so that the second connection port and the fourth connection port of the fifth four-way valve connect; controlling The interface and the third connection port are connected; the fourth four-way valve is controlled to operate, so that the second connection port of the fourth four-way valve is connected to the first, third, and fourth connection ports of the fourth four-way valve respectively; the first four-way valve is controlled to operate, so that the fourth and second connection ports of the first four-way valve are connected; the third four-way valve is controlled to operate, so that the fourth and third connection ports of the first four-way valve are connected; the second three-way valve is controlled to operate, so that the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve are connected; the third three-way valve is controlled to operate, so that the second and third connection ports of the second three-way valve are connected; the sixth four-way valve is controlled to operate, so that the third connection port of the sixth four-way valve is connected to the first connection port.

[0022] Control the thermal regulating valves in each circuit that requires heat dissipation, including: controlling the third thermal valve for cooling.

[0023] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit to be heated, controlling the corresponding guide valve to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit to be heated corresponding to the heating requirement temperature includes: when the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor meets the heating requirement temperature of the power battery circuit, controlling the fifth four-way valve to activate, so that the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve are connected, and controlling the second three-way valve to activate, so that the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve are connected, so that the return medium flows into the battery pack; when the temperature value detected by the fifth sensor meets the heating requirement temperature of the fuel cell circuit, controlling the fifth four-way valve to activate, so that the first and second connection ports of the fifth four-way valve are connected, and controlling the sixth four-way valve to activate, so that the second and first connection ports of the sixth four-way valve are connected.

[0024] In this embodiment of the application, the system further includes: a PTC heater connected between the plate heat exchanger and the first connection port of the fifth four-way valve; a controller configured to control the plate heat exchanger and the PTC heater to connect, and to control the PTC heater to connect to the first connection port of the fifth four-way valve and the third connection port of the second four-way valve; the controller is configured to control the PTC heater to generate heat.

[0025] In this embodiment, the controller controls the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating and to provide heating medium to the circuits requiring heating. The controller also controls the channel valves at the first and third connections of the third four-way valve to have maximum opening, and the channel valves at the third and fourth connections of the third four-way valve to have maximum opening; the controller controls the opening of each channel of the second three-way valve to have maximum opening, and the opening of each channel of the third three-way valve to have maximum opening; the controller controls the electromagnetic expansion valve to perform flow control at maximum opening; the controller controls the thermostatic regulating valves in each circuit requiring heat dissipation to convert the heating medium into the heat dissipation medium for the circuit requiring heat dissipation, including: the controller controls the third thermostatic valve to open to convert the heating medium into the heat dissipation medium; the controller also controls the compressor speed to be set to maximum, the fan speed corresponding to the evaporator to be set to maximum, and the fan duty cycle corresponding to the electromagnetic expansion valve to be set to maximum; the controller also controls the fuel cell to self-heat and the power battery to self-heat.

[0026] In this embodiment of the application, the thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles further includes: when the temperature value detected by the fourth temperature sensor rises to the lower limit of the fuel cell circuit, shutting off the self-heating of the fuel cell, adjusting the channels of the first and third connection ports of the third four-way valve, and the third connection port of the fifth four-way valve, to reduce the medium flow rate in the fuel cell circuit.

[0027] In this embodiment, the fuel cell circuit and the electric drive system circuit are circuits requiring heat dissipation, while the power battery circuit is a circuit requiring heating. The controller controls multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating. This includes: controlling the operation of a second four-way valve to connect its second and fourth connection ports; controlling the operation of a first four-way valve to connect its first and third connection ports; controlling the operation of a second three-way valve to connect its second and third connection ports; controlling the operation of a third three-way valve to connect its second and third connection ports; and controlling the operation of a second four-way valve to connect its first connection port to the plate heat exchanger. The controller controls the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation, including: controlling the first four-way valve to connect its first and second connections; controlling the third four-way valve to connect its first and second connections; controlling the third four-way valve to connect its first and third connections; controlling the fifth four-way valve to connect its second and third connections; controlling the fifth four-way valve to connect its fourth and third connections; and controlling the fourth four-way valve to connect its second and fourth connections.

[0028] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit to be heated, controlling the corresponding guide valve to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit to be heated corresponding to the heating requirement temperature includes: when the temperature value detected by the fourth temperature sensor meets the heating requirement temperature of the power battery circuit, the controller controls the fifth four-way valve to operate, so that the third and fourth connection ports of the fifth four-way valve are connected, and controls the fourth four-way valve to operate, so that the second and third connection ports of the fourth four-way valve are connected, and controls the second three-way valve to operate, so that the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve are connected; when the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor meets the heating requirement temperature of the power battery circuit, the controller controls the fifth four-way valve to operate, so that the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve are connected, and controls the fourth four-way valve to operate, so that the second and third connection ports of the fourth four-way valve are connected, and controls the second three-way valve to operate, so that the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve are connected.

[0029] In this embodiment, the controller controls the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation, thereby connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation, and further includes:

[0030] When the temperature detected by the fourth temperature sensor rises to the upper temperature limit of the fuel cell circuit, the controller controls the opening of the first and third connection ports of the third four-way valve to the maximum, and also controls the opening of the fourth and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve to the maximum. When the temperature detected by the fifth temperature sensor rises to the upper temperature limit of the electric drive system, the controller controls the opening of the first and second connection ports of the third four-way valve to the maximum, and also controls the opening of the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve to the maximum. When the temperature detected by the fourth temperature sensor rises to the upper temperature limit of the fuel cell circuit, and when the temperature detected by the fifth temperature sensor rises to the upper temperature limit of the electric drive system, the controller controls the opening of the electromagnetic expansion valve to the maximum and converts the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium.

[0031] In this embodiment of the application, the thermal management method for a fuel cell engineering vehicle further includes: when the temperature value detected by the fourth temperature sensor drops to the lower limit of the temperature of the fuel cell circuit, the controller controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the first and third connections of the third four-way valve to decrease, and controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the fourth and third connections of the fifth four-way valve to decrease; when the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor drops to the lower limit of the temperature of the electric drive system, the controller controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the first and second connections of the third four-way valve to decrease, and controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the second and third connections of the fifth four-way valve to decrease.

[0032] The fourth aspect of this application provides a machine-readable storage medium storing instructions for causing a machine to perform a thermal management method for a fuel cell engineering vehicle according to any embodiment of the first aspect of this application.

[0033] The above technical solution enables the cooling and heating of fuel cell engineering vehicles. Multiple circuits are connected through a flow guide valve to achieve thermal management coupling. This allows the return medium of the circuit that needs heat dissipation to flow to the corresponding circuit that needs heating, provided that the temperature meets the heating requirements of the circuit that needs heating. Therefore, the thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles provided in this application breaks through the conventional vehicle thermal management system that uses multiple sub-thermal management systems to achieve cooling and heating. This method is beneficial to improving the energy utilization rate of fuel cell engineering vehicles and maximizing their range.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of this application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 The illustration shows a schematic flowchart of a thermal management method for a fuel cell engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This schematic diagram illustrates a structural block diagram of a thermal management system for a fuel cell engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic illustration Figure 2 The diagram shown is a partial structural block diagram of the thermal management system used in fuel cell engineering vehicles.

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic illustration Figure 2 The diagram shown is another part of the structural block diagram of the thermal management system used in fuel cell engineering vehicles;

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic illustration Figure 2 The diagram shown is a partial structural block diagram of the thermal management system used in fuel cell engineering vehicles. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] It should be noted that the acquisition, transmission, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution of this application all comply with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations. In the embodiments of this application, certain existing industry solutions such as software, components, and models may be mentioned. These should be considered exemplary, intended only to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solution of this application, and do not imply that the applicant has already used or necessarily used such solutions.

[0043] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0044] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0045] To achieve mutual coupling between system cooling and system heating and improve energy utilization, this application provides a thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles. By coupling the compressor air conditioning circuit, fuel cell circuit, electric drive system circuit, and power battery circuit, the thermal energy of multiple systems is shared to improve energy utilization.

[0046] Figure 1 This illustration schematically depicts a flow chart of a thermal management method for a fuel cell engineering vehicle according to an embodiment of this application. The thermal management system of the fuel cell engineering vehicle includes: a compressor air conditioning circuit, a fuel cell circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a power battery circuit. Each circuit is connected via a flow guide valve, and each circuit includes its own temperature sensor. Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles includes:

[0047] S102. Determine the circuits that need to be heated and the circuits that need to dissipate heat in the thermal management system based on the temperature values ​​detected by their respective temperature sensors.

[0048] S104. Control the flow guide valves that connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs to be heated, so as to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs to be heated, and provide heating medium for the circuit that needs to be heated;

[0049] S106. Control the flow guide valves that connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs heat dissipation, so as to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs heat dissipation, and control the thermostatic regulating valves in each circuit that needs heat dissipation to change the heating medium into the heat dissipation medium of the circuit that needs heat dissipation.

[0050] S108. Determine the return medium temperature of the circuit that needs to be cooled by the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor in the circuit that needs to be cooled.

[0051] S110. When the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit to be heated, control the corresponding guide valve to make the return medium flow into the circuit to be heated corresponding to the heating requirement temperature.

[0052] The thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles provided in this application identifies circuits requiring heating and those requiring cooling by monitoring the medium temperature in each circuit using temperature sensors. A flow-directing valve is controlled to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating, thereby supplying the heating medium generated in the compressor air conditioning circuit to the respective circuits requiring heating. Furthermore, each circuit includes a thermostatic valve; therefore, for circuits requiring cooling, the heating medium from the compressor air conditioning circuit can be converted into a cooling medium for use in the corresponding circuit requiring cooling. This achieves thermal management coupling of multiple circuits. When both circuits requiring cooling and circuits requiring heating exist simultaneously, this method monitors the temperature of the return medium in the circuit requiring cooling using temperature sensors. If the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement of the corresponding circuit requiring heating, the corresponding flow-directing valve is controlled to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit requiring heating at the required heating temperature, thereby achieving full utilization of heat. Therefore, the thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles provided in this application embodiment can realize the cooling and heating of fuel cell engineering vehicles. Moreover, multiple circuits are connected through a flow guide valve to achieve thermal management coupling. This allows the return medium of the circuit that needs to dissipate heat to flow to the corresponding circuit that needs to be heated for heating, provided that the temperature meets the heating requirements of the circuit that needs to be heated. Thus, the thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles provided in this application embodiment breaks through the conventional vehicle thermal management system that uses multiple sub-thermal management systems to achieve cooling and heating. This is beneficial to improving the energy utilization rate of fuel cell engineering vehicles and maximizing the driving range.

[0053] Understandably, the compressor air conditioning circuit may include a compressor and a condenser for converting the high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by the compressor into a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid. The high-temperature, high-pressure liquid generated by the condenser can serve as the heating medium for each circuit. The compressor air conditioning circuit may also include a first thermostatic valve for converting the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium, as well as an evaporator and a fan for handling the heat transfer of the medium in the circuit. Liquid pumps for regulating flow rates may be provided in the fuel cell circuit, electric drive system circuit, and power battery circuit, respectively. These liquid pumps may be, for example, water pumps or coolant pumps. Fuel cells may include hydrogen fuel cells, biofuel cells, methanol fuel cells, etc.

[0054] The flow control valves connecting each circuit may include single-way valves and multi-way valves, as well as combinations thereof, and the number of flow control valves may be multiple. The heating requirement temperature can be set according to the reasonable operating temperature range of the main components in each circuit. For example, fuel cells, electric drive systems, and power batteries each have their corresponding reasonable operating temperature ranges, which can be used to set the heating requirement temperature of their respective circuits.

[0055] As an example, the heating requirement temperature of the fuel cell circuit can be set to the lower limit of the fuel cell's reasonable operating temperature range. Therefore, the temperature of the return medium needs to be higher than or equal to the lower limit of the fuel cell's reasonable operating temperature range in order to flow into the fuel cell circuit.

[0056] In some embodiments of this application, the circuits requiring heating include: fuel cell circuits and power battery circuits, and the circuits requiring heat dissipation include electric drive system circuits;

[0057] Controls the flow-directing valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating, to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating, and to provide heating medium to the circuits requiring heating, including:

[0058] Control the flow guide valve connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and the fuel cell circuit to connect the fuel cell and the compressor air conditioning circuit;

[0059] The compressor air conditioning circuit is self-heated by a heating medium, and provides a heating medium to the fuel cell through a flow guide valve that connects the fuel cell and the compressor air conditioning circuit;

[0060] When the return medium temperature meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit to be heated, the corresponding flow control valve is controlled to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit corresponding to the heating requirement temperature, including:

[0061] When the temperature of the return medium in the electric drive system circuit or the power battery circuit meets the heating requirement of the fuel cell circuit, the corresponding guide valve is controlled to allow the return medium to flow into the fuel cell circuit.

[0062] Sub-zero temperatures in winter are not the optimal operating temperature for fuel cells and power batteries, and will affect their performance. The ideal temperature for air conditioning in winter is typically 20 to 22 degrees Celsius. If the fuel cell and power battery require heating at this temperature, the cabin air conditioning system needs heating, and the electric drive system needs cooling, the fuel cell is prone to icing at sub-zero temperatures. Since fuel cell startup usually requires auxiliary heating via heating wires, the temperature of an electrically heated fuel cell typically does not reach the lower limit of its optimal operating temperature after successful startup. Therefore, the return medium from the electric drive system circuit or the power battery circuit can be supplied to the fuel cell circuit to heat the fuel cell.

[0063] In some embodiments of this application, when the fuel cell circuit is a circuit requiring heating, the fuel cell activates self-heating until the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the fuel cell circuit reaches the lower limit of the fuel cell temperature. Once the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the fuel cell circuit reaches the lower limit of the fuel cell temperature, the flow control valve connected to the fuel cell circuit is adjusted to reduce the flow rate of the medium in the fuel cell circuit.

[0064] Therefore, on the one hand, the fuel cell can be rapidly heated by its self-heating; on the other hand, when the fuel cell reaches its lower temperature limit, the self-heating of the fuel cell can be turned off and the flow rate of the medium in the fuel cell circuit can be reduced to achieve energy-saving effects.

[0065] In some embodiments of this application, the thermostatic valve in the fuel cell circuit can be, for example, an electromagnetic expansion valve, and the thermostatic valve in the electric drive system is a thermostatic valve. A water pump may also be provided in the fuel cell circuit. When the fuel cell circuit requires heating and the fuel cell is self-heating, the flow control valve connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and the fuel cell circuit can be opened to its maximum, and the electromagnetic expansion valve in the fuel cell circuit can be opened to its maximum and only regulate the flow rate. The electric drive system circuit requires cooling. The thermostatic valve in the electric drive system circuit is opened to convert the heating medium into a cooling medium for heat dissipation. The compressor speed in the compressor air conditioning circuit can be set to its maximum, and the speed of the fan corresponding to the evaporator in the compressor air conditioning circuit can be set to its maximum. The water pump speed in the fuel cell circuit is set to its maximum, and the fan speed of the fan beside the electromagnetic expansion valve is set to its maximum. When the heating medium in the compressor air conditioning circuit and the power battery circuit meets the heating temperature requirement of the fuel cell circuit, the opening degree of the flow control valves in the compressor air conditioning circuit and the power battery circuit is set to its maximum, thus achieving heating of the fuel cell circuit using the return medium from the compressor air conditioning circuit and the power battery circuit.

[0066] In some embodiments of this application, the fuel cell circuit and the electric drive system circuit are circuits requiring heat dissipation, while the power battery circuit is a circuit requiring heating. When the return medium temperature meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit requiring heating, controlling the corresponding flow guide valve to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit requiring heating at the required heating temperature includes: when the return medium temperature of the fuel cell circuit or the electric drive system circuit meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit requiring heating, controlling the corresponding flow guide valve to allow the return medium to flow into the compressor air conditioning circuit and / or the power battery circuit.

[0067] Specifically, when the fuel cell circuit and electric drive system circuit are circuits requiring heat dissipation, the flow control valve connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit to the fuel cell circuit and electric drive system circuit is opened to its maximum. Furthermore, the electromagnetic expansion valve in the fuel cell circuit is set to its maximum opening to control the flow of the heating medium and to release heat for cooling. The compressor speed in the compressor air conditioning circuit is set to its maximum. Additionally, when the compressor air conditioning circuit is self-heating, the compressor speed in the compressor air conditioning circuit can be set to its maximum, and the speed of the fan corresponding to the evaporator in the compressor air conditioning circuit can be set to its maximum. The water pump speed in the fuel cell circuit is set to its maximum, and the fan speed next to the electromagnetic expansion valve is set to its maximum. The corresponding flow control valve openings in the compressor air conditioning circuit and the power battery circuit are adjusted to their maximum.

[0068] In some embodiments of this application, the thermal management system may further include a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater, which is connected to each circuit via a flow-directing valve. In the case of self-heating of the compressor air conditioning circuit, the PTC heater can be connected to the compressor air conditioning circuit via the flow-directing valve to perform water heating, thereby achieving heating of the cab.

[0069] In some embodiments of this application, when the fuel cell circuit requires heat dissipation, and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the fuel cell circuit reaches the preset lower limit of the fuel cell temperature, the flow-directing valve connected to the fuel cell circuit is adjusted to reduce the medium flow rate in the fuel cell circuit. Similarly, when the electric drive system circuit requires heat dissipation, and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the electric drive system circuit reaches the preset lower limit of the electric drive system temperature, the flow-directing valve connected to the electric drive system circuit is adjusted to reduce the medium flow rate in the electric drive system circuit. This prevents the temperature of the fuel cell circuit from becoming too low.

[0070] In some embodiments of this application, when the power battery circuit is a circuit requiring heating, the power battery circuit activates self-heating until the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the power battery circuit reaches the lower limit of the power battery temperature. Once the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the power battery circuit reaches the lower limit of the power battery temperature, the flow guide valve connected to the power battery circuit is adjusted to reduce the flow rate of the medium in the fuel cell circuit.

[0071] In some embodiments of this application, the preset lower temperature limit in each circuit is, for example, higher than the lower temperature limit of the reasonable operating temperature range of the main period of each circuit, thereby preventing the temperature of each circuit from being too low during heat dissipation.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, the compressor air conditioning circuit may also include a pressure sensor.

[0073] In some embodiments of this application, the compressor air conditioning circuit may include a PT (Pressure-temperature) sensor. The power battery circuit is the circuit requiring heating. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor in the compressor air conditioning circuit reaches the lower limit, the relationship between subcooling and system heating capacity is obtained based on the PT sensor temperature and pressure data to ensure that the power battery circuit's heating capacity is met while maximizing the energy efficiency ratio. If the heating capacity meets the demand, the self-heating of the PTC heater is turned off, the opening of the throttle valve used to activate the PTC heater is reduced, and the speed of the water pump corresponding to the PTC heater is decreased. When all systems meet the heating or cooling requirements, the compressor speed is reduced, and the speed of the electric fan corresponding to the electromagnetic expansion valve is decreased.

[0074] In some embodiments of this application, the circuits requiring heat dissipation include: compressor air conditioning circuit, fuel cell circuit, electric drive system circuit, and power battery circuit.

[0075] Step S106, which controls the thermal regulating valves in each circuit requiring heat dissipation to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium for the circuit requiring heat dissipation, may include:

[0076] A thermostatic valve that controls the compressor air conditioning circuit to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium supplied to the evaporator in the compressor air conditioning circuit;

[0077] Control the electromagnetic expansion valve in the fuel cell circuit to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium supplied to the fuel cell circuit;

[0078] A thermal valve that controls the electric drive system circuit to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium supplied to the electric drive system circuit;

[0079] A thermal valve controls the power battery circuit to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium supplied to the power battery circuit.

[0080] Therefore, by controlling the thermostatic regulating valves in each circuit, cooling can be achieved for each circuit.

[0081] Understandably, the return medium can be formed into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by the compressor intake compression, and then form a high-temperature, high-pressure liquid after flowing through the condenser, which then flows to each circuit.

[0082] In some embodiments of this application, step S106 may further include: when the temperature values ​​detected by the temperature sensors of the fuel cell circuit, the electric drive system circuit, and the power battery circuit are greater than the upper limit of the temperature value of their respective circuits, controlling the opening degree of the flow guide valves of the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs heat dissipation to be maximized.

[0083] Furthermore, thermal management methods for fuel cell engineering vehicles also include:

[0084] When the fuel cell circuit is a circuit that requires heat dissipation, and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the fuel cell circuit reaches the lower limit of the fuel cell temperature, adjust the flow guide valve connected to the fuel cell circuit to reduce the flow rate of the medium in the fuel cell circuit.

[0085] As described above, in some embodiments of this application, the fuel cell circuit and the electric drive system circuit each include their own water pumps. Before reducing the flow rate of the medium in the fuel cell circuit and the electric drive system circuit, the thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles may further include:

[0086] When the fuel cell circuit is a circuit that requires heat dissipation, and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the fuel cell circuit reaches the lower limit of the fuel cell temperature, the water pump speed of the fuel cell circuit is reduced to reduce the flow rate of the medium in the fuel cell circuit.

[0087] When the electric drive system circuit is a circuit that requires heat dissipation, and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the electric drive system circuit reaches the lower limit of the fuel cell temperature, the water pump speed of the fuel cell circuit is reduced to decrease the medium flow rate in the electric drive system circuit.

[0088] After the water pump speeds of the fuel cell circuit and the electric drive system circuit are reduced, and the temperature values ​​detected by the temperature sensors of each circuit drop to the lower limit of their respective circuits, the speed of the electric fan is reduced, and the opening of the flow guide valves connecting each circuit is reduced.

[0089] In some embodiments of this application, during the heat dissipation process of the compressor air conditioning circuit, the influence of subcooling on the cooling capacity can be obtained based on the temperature and pressure data from the PT sensor, and the energy efficiency ratio of the thermal management system can be calculated by calculating the refrigerant enthalpy. If the cooling capacity of the compressor air conditioning circuit meets the demand, the speed of the fan corresponding to the evaporator in the compressor air conditioning circuit is reduced. Finally, when all circuits meet the cooling demand, the compressor speed and the speed of the electric fan corresponding to the electromagnetic expansion valve are reduced.

[0090] The thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles provided in this application integrates the compressor air conditioning circuit, fuel cell circuit, electric drive system circuit and power battery circuit, realizing the energy coupling of multiple circuits. By adjusting the system energy utilization through this method, the vehicle's range is improved.

[0091] This application also provides a controller for a fuel cell engineering vehicle, configured to retrieve instructions from a memory and, when executing the instructions, to implement the thermal management method for a fuel cell engineering vehicle according to any of the above embodiments.

[0092] See Figure 2This application also provides a thermal management system for fuel cell engineering vehicles, including:

[0093] The compressor air conditioning circuit includes:

[0094] Compressor; condenser, connected to the compressor; second four-way valve, the second port of the second four-way valve is connected to the condenser; first four-way valve, the first port of the first four-way valve is connected to the fourth port of the second four-way valve; second temperature sensor, connected to the third port of the first four-way valve; first thermal valve, connected to the second temperature sensor; evaporator, connected to the first thermal valve; first temperature sensor, connected to the evaporator and connected to the compressor;

[0095] The fuel cell circuit includes:

[0096] An electromagnetic expansion valve is connected to the second port of the first four-way valve; a third four-way valve is connected to the electromagnetic expansion valve via its first port; a fuel cell is connected to the third port of the third four-way valve; a fourth temperature sensor is connected to the fuel cell; a fifth four-way valve is connected to the fourth temperature sensor via its fourth port; and a fourth four-way valve is connected to the first four-way valve via its second port via its third port via its second port via its third port via its fourth ...

[0097] The electric drive system circuit includes:

[0098] The third thermal valve is connected to the second connection port of the third four-way valve; the electric drive system is connected to the third thermal valve; the fifth temperature sensor is connected to the electric drive system, and the second connection port of the fifth four-way valve is connected to the fifth temperature sensor; the fifth four-way valve has its second connection port connected to the fifth temperature sensor, and its fourth connection port connected to the fuel cell.

[0099] The power battery circuit includes:

[0100] Includes a second thermal valve, connected to the second connection port of the first four-way valve; a plate heat exchanger, connected to the second thermal valve; a sixth four-way valve, the third connection port of the sixth four-way valve connected to the plate heat exchanger, the first connection port of the sixth four-way valve connected to the fourth connection port of the third four-way valve, and the second connection port of the sixth four-way valve connected to the first connection port of the fifth four-way valve; a second three-way valve, the second connection port of the second three-way valve connected to the plate heat exchanger; a battery pack, connected to the third connection port of the second three-way valve; a sixth temperature sensor, connected to the battery pack; a third three-way valve, the second connection port of the third three-way valve connected to the sixth temperature sensor, the first connection port of the third three-way valve connected to the fourth connection port of the third four-way valve, and the first connection port of the third three-way valve connected to the fourth connection port of the fourth four-way valve; a fourth four-way valve, the second connection port of the fourth four-way valve connected to the third connection port of the fifth four-way valve, the third connection port of the fourth four-way valve connected to the first connection port of the second three-way valve, the first connection port of the fourth four-way valve connected to the fourth connection port of the third four-way valve, and the fourth connection port of the fourth four-way valve connected to the fourth connection port of the first four-way valve;

[0101] The controller is configured to acquire the second temperature value from the second temperature sensor, the fourth temperature value from the fourth temperature sensor, the fifth temperature value from the fifth temperature sensor, and the sixth temperature value from the sixth temperature sensor.

[0102] The controller determines the circuits that need to be heated and the circuits that need to dissipate heat in the thermal management system based on the fourth, fifth and sixth temperature values.

[0103] The controller controls the multi-way valves that connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs to be heated, so as to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs to be heated, and provide heating medium to the circuit that needs to be heated;

[0104] The controller controls the multi-way valves that connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs heat dissipation, so as to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit that needs heat dissipation, and controls the thermostatic valves in each circuit that needs heat dissipation to change the heating medium into the heat dissipation medium of the circuit that needs heat dissipation.

[0105] The controller determines the return medium temperature of the circuit that needs cooling by measuring the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor in the circuit that needs cooling.

[0106] When the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement of the circuit to be heated, the controller controls the corresponding multi-way valve to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit to be heated at the required heating temperature.

[0107] Understandably, such as Figure 2 As shown, the four-way valve has a first connection port and a third connection port arranged laterally, and a second connection port and a fourth connection port arranged longitudinally.

[0108] This application provides a thermal management system and method for fuel cell engineering vehicles. The system uses a heat pump to achieve cooling and heating for multiple loops, and the heating and cooling loops are coupled to maximize vehicle energy utilization and improve range using a minimal number of thermal management components. Temperature sensors are also added to each loop to detect the temperature of the coolant in different systems.

[0109] Fuel cells have heating wires for self-heating, air conditioners have PTC heaters for self-heating, and power batteries have heating films for self-heating. Under different operating conditions, it can be determined whether to activate self-heating based on the heating requirements of each system. If the temperature sensor signal feedback is sufficient to meet the heating requirements when only using the waste heat from other circuits for heating, then self-heating does not need to be activated.

[0110] A heat pump system, or thermal management system, consists of heating components, heating pipes, cooling components, and cooling pipes. Specifically, it may include a compressor, condenser, water pump, fan, evaporator, plate heat exchanger, thermal valve, solenoid valve, shut-off valve, water reservoir, three-way valve, four-way valve, and PT sensor, etc.

[0111] A thermal management system enables multiple systems of the vehicle to work together under different operating conditions. On the one hand, it integrates the cooling of the cab air conditioning system, the cooling of the power battery, the heat dissipation of the electric drive system and the fuel cell. The power battery cooling can be achieved through liquid-liquid heat exchange with the low-temperature liquid flowing out of the thermal valve 3 via a plate heat exchanger. On the other hand, it integrates the heating of the fuel cell, the heating of the cab air conditioning system and the heating of the power battery. When the waste heat of these three systems can meet their own needs, the self-heating will not be activated.

[0112] This invention enables the high integration of a vehicle thermal management system using a single heat pump system, achieving rational energy allocation and utilization between systems under the control of a controller, thereby maximizing the utilization rate of waste heat recovery.

[0113] For the compressor air conditioning circuit, the fan corresponding to the evaporator can be turned on and the electric fan that turns on the electromagnetic expansion valve of the fuel cell circuit can be used in conjunction with it. The refrigerant forms a high temperature and high pressure gas under the action of the compressor. It releases heat through the condenser to form a liquid. By adjusting the valve, it forms a low temperature liquid under the action of the thermostatic valve. The water pump is turned on to drive the low temperature liquid to achieve cooling of the fuel cell, electric drive system, power battery, and air conditioning. Battery cooling is achieved through liquid-liquid heat exchange via a plate heat exchanger.

[0114] For system heating, the high-temperature liquid flowing out of the condenser is driven to heat the fuel cell by adjusting the valve to turn on the water pump and close the first thermal valve. Turning on the fan and adjusting the valve enables air conditioning heating. Closing the third thermal valve allows for liquid-liquid heat exchange through a plate heat exchanger to heat the battery. The thermal management system for fuel cell engineering vehicles provided in this application utilizes a single heat pump system to achieve heating and cooling for multiple vehicle systems by flexibly switching valves.

[0115] See Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the circuits requiring heat dissipation include: fuel cell circuit, electric drive system circuit, and power battery circuit;

[0116] A multi-way valve controls the connection between the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation, including:

[0117] Control the operation of the second four-way valve to connect the second and fourth connection ports of the second four-way valve;

[0118] Control the operation of the first four-way valve to connect the first connection port and the third connection port of the first four-way valve, and control the operation of the first four-way valve to connect the first connection port and the second connection port of the first four-way valve.

[0119] Control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the third four-way valve, and control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first and second connection ports of the third four-way valve.

[0120] Control the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve, and control the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the fourth and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve.

[0121] Control the operation of the fourth four-way valve so that the second connection port of the fourth four-way valve is connected to the first connection port, the third connection port and the fourth connection port of the fourth four-way valve respectively;

[0122] Control the operation of the first four-way valve to connect the fourth and second connection ports of the first four-way valve, and control the operation of the first four-way valve to connect the fourth and third connection ports of the first four-way valve.

[0123] Control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the fourth connection port and the second connection port of the third four-way valve; control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the fourth connection port and the third connection port of the third four-way valve.

[0124] Control the operation of the second three-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve; control the operation of the second three-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the second three-way valve.

[0125] Control the third three-way valve to connect the second and first connection ports of the third three-way valve.

[0126] Control the operation of the sixth four-way valve so that the third connection port and the first connection port of the sixth four-way valve are connected;

[0127] The thermal regulating valves that control each circuit requiring heat dissipation include:

[0128] The electromagnetic expansion valve, the first thermal valve, the second thermal valve, and the third thermal valve are controlled for refrigeration.

[0129] See Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, the circuits requiring heating include: fuel cell circuits and power battery circuits; the circuits requiring heat dissipation include electric drive system circuits; and compressor air conditioning circuits that are self-heating.

[0130] A multi-way valve controls the connection between the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating, including:

[0131] Control the operation of the second four-way valve so that the fourth connection port of the second four-way valve is connected to the plate heat exchanger;

[0132] Control the operation of the second four-way valve to connect the second and fourth connection ports of the second four-way valve;

[0133] Control the operation of the first four-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the first four-way valve, and control the operation of the first four-way valve to connect the first and second connection ports of the first four-way valve.

[0134] Control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the third four-way valve, and control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first and second connection ports of the third four-way valve.

[0135] Control the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve, and control the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the fourth and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve.

[0136] Control the operation of the fourth four-way valve so that the second connection port of the fourth four-way valve is connected to the first connection port, the third connection port and the fourth connection port of the fourth four-way valve respectively;

[0137] Control the operation of the first four-way valve to connect the fourth and second connection ports of the first four-way valve, and control the operation of the first four-way valve to connect the fourth and third connection ports of the first four-way valve.

[0138] Control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the fourth connection port and the second connection port of the third four-way valve; control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the fourth connection port and the third connection port of the third four-way valve.

[0139] Control the operation of the second three-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve; control the operation of the second three-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the second three-way valve.

[0140] Control the third three-way valve to connect the second and first connection ports of the third three-way valve.

[0141] Control the operation of the sixth four-way valve so that the third connection port of the sixth four-way valve is connected to the first connection port.

[0142] Control the thermal regulating valves in each circuit that requires heat dissipation, including: controlling the third thermal valve for cooling.

[0143] In some embodiments of this application, when the reflux medium temperature meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit to be heated, controlling the corresponding flow guide valve to allow the reflux medium to flow into the circuit to be heated corresponding to the heating requirement temperature includes:

[0144] When the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor meets the heating requirement of the power battery circuit, the fifth four-way valve is controlled to connect the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve, and the second three-way valve is controlled to connect the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve, so that the return medium flows into the battery pack.

[0145] If the temperature value detected by the fifth sensor meets the heating requirement of the fuel cell circuit, the fifth four-way valve is controlled to connect the first and second connection ports of the fifth four-way valve, and the sixth four-way valve is controlled to connect the second and first connection ports of the sixth four-way valve.

[0146] See Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, the thermal management system for fuel cell engineering vehicles further includes:

[0147] The PTC heater is connected between the plate heat exchanger and the first connection port of the fifth four-way valve.

[0148] The controller is configured to connect the plate heat exchanger and the PTC heater, and to connect the PTC heater to the first connection port of the fifth four-way valve and the third connection port of the second four-way valve.

[0149] The controller is configured to control the PTC heater to generate heat.

[0150] In some embodiments of this application, controlling a multi-way valve connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating, and providing a heating medium to the circuit requiring heating, further includes:

[0151] The controller controls the maximum opening degree of the channel valves at the first and third connection ports of the third four-way valve, as well as the maximum opening degree of the channel valves at the third and fourth connection ports of the third four-way valve.

[0152] The controller controls the opening of each channel of the second three-way valve to the maximum, and the opening of each channel of the third three-way valve to the maximum.

[0153] The controller controls the electromagnetic expansion valve to achieve flow control at its maximum opening.

[0154] The controller controls the thermal regulating valves in each circuit requiring heat dissipation to transform the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium for the circuit requiring heat dissipation, including:

[0155] The controller controls the third thermal valve to open, so as to change the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium;

[0156] The controller also controls the compressor speed to the maximum, the evaporator fan speed to the maximum, and the solenoid expansion valve fan duty cycle to the maximum.

[0157] The controller also controls the self-heating of the fuel cell and the power battery.

[0158] See Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, the thermal management system for fuel cell engineering vehicles further includes:

[0159] When the temperature detected by the fourth temperature sensor rises to the lower limit of the fuel cell circuit temperature, the self-heating of the fuel cell is shut off, and the channels of the first and third connections of the third four-way valve and the third connection of the fifth four-way valve are adjusted to reduce the flow rate of the medium in the fuel cell circuit.

[0160] See Figure 5 In some embodiments of this application, the fuel cell circuit and the electric drive system circuit are circuits that require heat dissipation, and the power battery circuit is a circuit that requires heating.

[0161] The controller controls the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating, to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heating, including:

[0162] Control the operation of the second four-way valve to connect the second and fourth connection ports of the second four-way valve;

[0163] Control the operation of the first four-way valve so that the first connection port and the third connection port of the first four-way valve are connected;

[0164] Control the operation of the second three-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the second three-way valve;

[0165] Control the operation of the third three-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the third three-way valve;

[0166] Control the operation of the second four-way valve to connect the first connection port of the second four-way valve to the plate heat exchanger, and control the operation of the second four-way valve to connect the first connection port and the fourth connection port of the second four-way valve.

[0167] The controller controls the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation, including:

[0168] Control the operation of the first four-way valve to connect the first and second connection ports of the first four-way valve;

[0169] Control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first and second connection ports of the third four-way valve;

[0170] Control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the third four-way valve;

[0171] Control the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve, and control the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the fourth and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve.

[0172] Control the operation of the fourth four-way valve to connect the second and fourth connection ports of the fourth four-way valve.

[0173] See Figure 5 In some embodiments of this application, when the reflux medium temperature meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit to be heated, controlling the corresponding flow guide valve to allow the reflux medium to flow into the circuit to be heated corresponding to the heating requirement temperature includes:

[0174] When the temperature value detected by the fourth temperature sensor meets the heating requirement of the power battery circuit, the controller controls the fifth four-way valve to connect the third and fourth connection ports of the fifth four-way valve, and controls the fourth four-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the fourth four-way valve, and controls the second three-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve.

[0175] When the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor meets the heating requirement of the power battery circuit, the controller controls the fifth four-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve, controls the fourth four-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the fourth four-way valve, and controls the second three-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve.

[0176] See Figure 5 In some embodiments of this application, the controller controls multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation, thereby connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each circuit requiring heat dissipation, and further includes:

[0177] When the temperature value detected by the fourth temperature sensor rises to the upper limit of the fuel cell circuit temperature, the controller controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the first and third connections of the third four-way valve to the maximum, and controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the fourth and third connections of the fifth four-way valve to the maximum.

[0178] When the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor rises to the upper limit of the electric drive system temperature, the controller controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the first and second connections of the third four-way valve to the maximum, and controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the second and third connections of the fifth four-way valve to the maximum.

[0179] When the temperature detected by the fourth temperature sensor rises to the upper limit of the fuel cell circuit temperature, and the temperature detected by the fifth temperature sensor rises to the upper limit of the electric drive system temperature, the controller controls the opening of the electromagnetic expansion valve to the maximum and switches the heating medium to the heat dissipation medium.

[0180] See Figure 5 In some embodiments of this application, the thermal management system for fuel cell engineering vehicles further includes:

[0181] When the temperature value detected by the fourth temperature sensor drops to the lower limit of the fuel cell circuit temperature, the controller controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the first and third connections of the third four-way valve to decrease, and also controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the fourth and third connections of the fifth four-way valve to decrease.

[0182] When the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor drops to the lower limit of the temperature of the electric drive system, the controller controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the first and second connections of the third four-way valve to decrease, and also controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the second and third connections of the fifth four-way valve to decrease.

[0183] This application also provides a machine-readable storage medium storing instructions that cause a machine to perform the above-described thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles.

[0184] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0185] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0186] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0187] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0188] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0189] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0190] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0191] It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0192] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles, characterized in that, The thermal management system of the fuel cell engineering vehicle includes: a compressor air conditioning circuit, a fuel cell circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a power battery circuit. Each circuit is connected via a flow guide valve, and each circuit includes its own temperature sensor. The method includes: The circuits that need to be heated and the circuits that need to dissipate heat in the thermal management system are determined based on the temperature values ​​detected by their respective temperature sensors. Control the flow guide valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits that need to be heated, so as to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits that need to be heated, and provide a heating medium for the circuits that need to be heated; Control the flow guide valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits that need heat dissipation, so as to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits that need heat dissipation, and control the thermostatic regulating valves in each of the circuits that need heat dissipation to convert the heating medium into the heat dissipation medium of the circuit that needs heat dissipation. The return medium temperature of the circuit requiring heat dissipation is determined based on the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor in the circuit requiring heat dissipation. When the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit to be heated, the corresponding flow guide valve is controlled to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit to be heated corresponding to the heating requirement temperature. Wherein, the fuel cell circuit and the power battery circuit, the circuit requiring heat dissipation includes the electric drive system circuit; The control valve connects the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heating to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heating, and provides a heating medium to the circuits requiring heating, including: Control the flow guide valve connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and the fuel cell circuit to connect the fuel cell and the compressor air conditioning circuit; The compressor air conditioning circuit is self-heated by the heating medium, and provides the heating medium to the fuel cell through a flow guide valve that connects the fuel cell and the compressor air conditioning circuit; When the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit to be heated, controlling the corresponding flow guide valve to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit to be heated corresponding to the heating requirement temperature includes: When the temperature of the return medium in the electric drive system circuit or the power battery circuit meets the heating requirement temperature of the fuel cell circuit, the corresponding guide valve is controlled to allow the return medium to flow into the fuel cell circuit. The method further includes: When the fuel cell circuit is the circuit that requires heating, the fuel cell starts self-heating until the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the fuel cell circuit reaches the lower limit of the fuel cell temperature. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor in the fuel cell circuit reaches the lower limit of the fuel cell temperature, the flow guide valve connected to the fuel cell circuit is adjusted to reduce the flow rate of the medium in the fuel cell circuit.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell circuit and the electric drive system circuit are the circuits that require heat dissipation, and the power battery circuit is the circuit that requires heating. When the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit to be heated, controlling the corresponding flow guide valve to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit to be heated corresponding to the heating requirement temperature includes: When the temperature of the return medium in the fuel cell circuit or the electric drive system circuit meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit that needs to be heated, the corresponding guide valve is controlled to allow the return medium to flow into the compressor air conditioning circuit and / or the power battery circuit.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Also includes: When the power battery circuit is the circuit that needs to be heated, the power battery circuit activates self-heating until the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the power battery circuit reaches the lower limit of the power battery temperature. When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor in the power battery circuit reaches the lower limit of the power battery temperature, the flow guide valve connected to the power battery circuit is adjusted to reduce the medium flow rate in the fuel cell circuit.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuits requiring heat dissipation include: the compressor air conditioning circuit, the fuel cell circuit, the electric drive system circuit, and the power battery circuit; The control of the thermal regulating valves in each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium for the circuit requiring heat dissipation includes: The thermostatic valve of the compressor air conditioning circuit is controlled to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium supplied to the evaporator in the compressor air conditioning circuit; Control the electromagnetic expansion valve in the fuel cell circuit to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium supplied to the fuel cell circuit; Control the thermal valve of the electric drive system circuit to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium supplied to the electric drive system circuit; The thermal valve of the power battery circuit is controlled to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium supplied to the power battery circuit.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation, to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation, and controlling the thermostatic valves in each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation to convert the heating medium into the heat dissipation medium for the circuit requiring heat dissipation, further include: When the temperature values ​​detected by the temperature sensors of the fuel cell circuit, the electric drive system circuit, and the power battery circuit are greater than the upper limit of the temperature value of their respective circuits, the opening degree of the flow guide valves of the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits that require heat dissipation is maximized. The method further includes: When the fuel cell circuit is the circuit that requires heat dissipation, and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the fuel cell circuit reaches the lower limit of the temperature of the fuel cell, the flow guide valve connected to the fuel cell circuit is adjusted to reduce the flow rate of the medium in the fuel cell circuit. When the electric drive system circuit is the circuit that requires heat dissipation, and the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor of the electric drive system circuit reaches the lower limit of the temperature of the fuel cell, the water pump speed of the fuel cell circuit is reduced to decrease the medium flow rate in the electric drive system circuit.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: After reducing the flow rate of the medium in the fuel cell circuit and the power battery, the fan speed corresponding to the evaporator in the compressor air conditioning circuit is reduced, and the opening of the guide valve of each circuit that needs heat dissipation is reduced.

7. A controller for a fuel cell engineering vehicle, characterized in that, It is configured to retrieve instructions from memory and, when executing the instructions, to implement the thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A thermal management system for fuel cell engineering vehicles, characterized in that, The thermal management method for fuel cell engineering vehicles according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the thermal management system comprises: The compressor air conditioning circuit includes: compressor; The condenser is connected to the compressor; The second four-way valve, the second connection port of the second four-way valve is connected to the condenser; A first four-way valve, wherein the first connection port of the first four-way valve is connected to the fourth connection port of the second four-way valve; The second temperature sensor is connected to the third connection port of the first four-way valve; The first thermal valve is connected to the second temperature sensor; Evaporator, connected to the first thermal valve; A first temperature sensor is connected to the evaporator and to the compressor; The fuel cell circuit includes: An electromagnetic expansion valve is connected to the second connection port of the first four-way valve. The third four-way valve, wherein the first connection port of the third four-way valve is connected to the electromagnetic expansion valve; The fuel cell is connected to the third connection port of the third four-way valve; A fourth temperature sensor is connected to the fuel cell; The fifth four-way valve, wherein the fourth connection port of the fifth four-way valve is connected to the fourth temperature sensor; The fourth four-way valve has its second connection port connected to the third connection port of the fifth four-way valve, and its fourth connection port connected to the fourth connection port of the first four-way valve. The electric drive system circuit includes: The third thermal valve is connected to the second connection port of the third four-way valve; The electric drive system is connected to the third thermal valve; A fifth temperature sensor is connected to the electric drive system, and the second connection port of the fifth four-way valve is connected to the fifth temperature sensor; The fifth four-way valve has its second connection port connected to the fifth temperature sensor and its fourth connection port connected to the fuel cell. The power battery circuit includes: Includes a second thermal valve, which connects to the second connection port of the first four-way valve; Plate heat exchanger, connected to the second thermal valve; The sixth four-way valve has its third connection port connected to the plate heat exchanger, its first connection port connected to the fourth connection port of the third four-way valve, and its second connection port connected to the first connection port of the fifth four-way valve. The second three-way valve, the second connection port of the second three-way valve is connected to the plate heat exchanger; The battery pack is connected to the third connection port of the second three-way valve; The sixth temperature sensor is connected to the battery pack; The third three-way valve, the second connection port of the third three-way valve is connected to the sixth temperature sensor, the first connection port of the third three-way valve is connected to the fourth connection port of the third four-way valve, and the first connection port of the third three-way valve is connected to the fourth connection port of the fourth four-way valve. The fourth four-way valve has its second connection port connected to the third connection port of the fifth four-way valve, its third connection port connected to the first connection port of the second three-way valve, its first connection port connected to the fourth connection port of the third four-way valve, and its fourth connection port connected to the fourth connection port of the first four-way valve. The controller is configured to acquire a second temperature value from the second temperature sensor, a fourth temperature value from the fourth temperature sensor, a fifth temperature value from the fifth temperature sensor, and a sixth temperature value from the sixth temperature sensor. The controller determines the circuits that need to be heated and the circuits that need to be cooled in the thermal management system based on the fourth temperature value, the fifth temperature value, and the sixth temperature value. The controller controls the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits that need to be heated, so as to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits that need to be heated, and provide a heating medium for the circuits that need to be heated; The controller controls the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits that need heat dissipation, so as to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits that need heat dissipation, and controls the thermostatic valves in each of the circuits that need heat dissipation to convert the heating medium into the heat dissipation medium of the circuit that needs heat dissipation. The controller determines the return medium temperature of the circuit that needs heat dissipation based on the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor in the circuit that needs heat dissipation. When the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit to be heated, the controller controls the corresponding multi-way valve to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit to be heated corresponding to the heating requirement temperature.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The circuits requiring heat dissipation include: the fuel cell circuit, the electric drive system circuit, and the power battery circuit; The control valve connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation, to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation, includes: Control the operation of the second four-way valve to connect the second and fourth connection ports of the second four-way valve; Control the first four-way valve to connect the first connection port and the third connection port of the first four-way valve, and control the first four-way valve to connect the first connection port and the second connection port of the first four-way valve. Control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first connection port and the third connection port of the third four-way valve, and control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first connection port and the second connection port of the third four-way valve. Control the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve, and control the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the fourth and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve. Control the operation of the fourth four-way valve so that the second connection port of the fourth four-way valve is connected to the first connection port, the third connection port and the fourth connection port of the fourth four-way valve respectively; Control the first four-way valve to connect the fourth and second connection ports of the first four-way valve, and control the first four-way valve to connect the fourth and third connection ports of the first four-way valve. Control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the fourth connection port and the second connection port of the third four-way valve, and control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the fourth connection port and the third connection port of the third four-way valve. Control the operation of the second three-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve, and control the operation of the second three-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the second three-way valve. Control the third three-way valve to connect the second connection port and the first connection port of the third three-way valve; Control the operation of the sixth four-way valve so that the third connection port and the first connection port of the sixth four-way valve are connected; The thermal regulating valves controlling each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation include: The electromagnetic expansion valve, the first thermal valve, the second thermal valve, and the third thermal valve are controlled to provide cooling.

10. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The circuits requiring heating include: the fuel cell circuit and the power battery circuit; the circuits requiring heat dissipation include: the electric drive system circuit; and the compressor air conditioning circuit is self-heating. The control valve connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heating, to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heating, includes: Control the operation of the second four-way valve so that the fourth connection port of the second four-way valve is connected to the plate heat exchanger; Control the operation of the second four-way valve to connect the second and fourth connection ports of the second four-way valve; Control the first four-way valve to connect the first connection port and the third connection port of the first four-way valve, and control the first four-way valve to connect the first connection port and the second connection port of the first four-way valve. Control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first connection port and the third connection port of the third four-way valve, and control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first connection port and the second connection port of the third four-way valve. Control the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve, and control the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the fourth and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve. Control the operation of the fourth four-way valve so that the second connection port of the fourth four-way valve is connected to the first connection port, the third connection port and the fourth connection port of the fourth four-way valve respectively; Control the first four-way valve to connect the fourth and second connection ports of the first four-way valve, and control the first four-way valve to connect the fourth and third connection ports of the first four-way valve. Control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the fourth connection port and the second connection port of the third four-way valve, and control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the fourth connection port and the third connection port of the third four-way valve. Control the operation of the second three-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve, and control the operation of the second three-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the second three-way valve. Control the third three-way valve to connect the second connection port and the first connection port of the third three-way valve; Control the operation of the sixth four-way valve so that the third connection port and the first connection port of the sixth four-way valve are connected; The thermal regulating valves controlling each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation include: Control the third thermal valve to cool.

11. The system according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit to be heated, controlling the corresponding flow guide valve to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit to be heated corresponding to the heating requirement temperature includes: When the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor meets the heating requirement temperature of the power battery circuit, the fifth four-way valve is controlled to operate, so that the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve are connected, and the second three-way valve is controlled to connect the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve, so that the return medium flows into the battery pack. If the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor meets the heating requirement temperature of the fuel cell circuit, the fifth four-way valve is controlled to operate so that the first and second connection ports of the fifth four-way valve are connected, and the sixth four-way valve is controlled to operate so that the second and first connection ports of the sixth four-way valve are connected.

12. The system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The system also includes: A PTC heater is connected between the plate heat exchanger and the first connection port of the fifth four-way valve. The controller is configured to connect the plate heat exchanger and the PTC heater, and to connect the PTC heater to the first connection port of the fifth four-way valve and the third connection port of the second four-way valve. The controller is configured to control the PTC heater to generate heat.

13. The system according to claim 12, characterized in that, The multi-way valve controlling the connection between the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heating, for connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heating, and providing a heating medium to the circuits requiring heating, further includes: The controller controls the channel valve opening of the first and third connection ports of the third four-way valve to be at its maximum, and the channel valve opening of the third and fourth connection ports of the third four-way valve to be at its maximum. The controller controls the opening degree of each channel of the second three-way valve to the maximum, and the opening degree of each channel of the third three-way valve to the maximum. The controller controls the electromagnetic expansion valve to achieve flow control at its maximum opening. The controller controls the thermal regulating valves in each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation to convert the heating medium into a heat dissipation medium for the circuit requiring heat dissipation, including: The controller controls the third thermal valve to open, so as to change the heating medium into the heat dissipation medium; The controller also controls the compressor speed to be set to the maximum, the fan speed corresponding to the evaporator to be set to the maximum, and the fan duty cycle corresponding to the electromagnetic expansion valve to be set to the maximum. The controller also controls the fuel cell to self-heat and the power battery to self-heat.

14. The system according to claim 13, characterized in that, Also includes: When the temperature value detected by the fourth temperature sensor rises to the lower limit of the temperature of the fuel cell circuit, the self-heating of the fuel cell is turned off, and the channels of the first and third connection ports of the third four-way valve and the third connection port of the fifth four-way valve are adjusted to reduce the medium flow rate in the fuel cell circuit.

15. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fuel cell circuit and the electric drive system circuit are the circuits that require heat dissipation, and the power battery circuit is the circuit that requires heating. The controller controls the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heating, to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heating, including: Control the operation of the second four-way valve to connect the second and fourth connection ports of the second four-way valve; Control the operation of the first four-way valve so that the first connection port and the third connection port of the first four-way valve are connected; Control the operation of the second three-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the second three-way valve; Control the operation of the third three-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the third three-way valve; Control the operation of the second four-way valve to connect the first connection port of the second four-way valve to the plate heat exchanger, and control the operation of the second four-way valve to connect the first connection port and the fourth connection port of the second four-way valve. The controller controls the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation, to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation, including: Control the operation of the first four-way valve so that the first connection port and the second connection port of the first four-way valve are connected. Control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first and second connection ports of the third four-way valve; Control the operation of the third four-way valve to connect the first and third connection ports of the third four-way valve; Control the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve, and control the operation of the fifth four-way valve to connect the fourth and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve. Control the operation of the fourth four-way valve so that the second connection port and the fourth connection port of the fourth four-way valve are connected.

16. The system according to claim 15, characterized in that, When the temperature of the return medium meets the heating requirement temperature of the circuit to be heated, controlling the corresponding flow guide valve to allow the return medium to flow into the circuit to be heated corresponding to the heating requirement temperature includes: When the temperature value detected by the fourth temperature sensor meets the heating requirement temperature of the power battery circuit, the controller controls the fifth four-way valve to operate so that the third and fourth connection ports of the fifth four-way valve are connected, and controls the fourth four-way valve to operate so that the second and third connection ports of the fourth four-way valve are connected, and controls the second three-way valve to operate so that the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve are connected. When the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor meets the heating requirement temperature of the power battery circuit, the controller controls the fifth four-way valve to operate, so that the second and third connection ports of the fifth four-way valve are connected, and controls the fourth four-way valve to operate, so that the second and third connection ports of the fourth four-way valve are connected, and controls the second three-way valve to operate, so that the first and third connection ports of the second three-way valve are connected.

17. The system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The controller controls the multi-way valves connecting the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation, to connect the compressor air conditioning circuit and each of the circuits requiring heat dissipation, and also includes: When the temperature value detected by the fourth temperature sensor rises to the upper limit of the temperature of the fuel cell circuit, the controller controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the first and third connections of the third four-way valve to the maximum, and controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the fourth and third connections of the fifth four-way valve to the maximum. When the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor rises to the upper limit of the temperature of the electric drive system, the controller controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the first and second connections of the third four-way valve to the maximum, and controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the second and third connections of the fifth four-way valve to the maximum. When the temperature value detected by the fourth temperature sensor rises to the upper temperature limit of the fuel cell circuit, and the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor rises to the upper temperature limit of the electric drive system, the controller controls the opening of the electromagnetic expansion valve to the maximum and converts the heating medium into the heat dissipation medium.

18. The system according to claim 17, characterized in that, Also includes: When the temperature value detected by the fourth temperature sensor drops to the lower limit of the temperature of the fuel cell circuit, the controller controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the first and third connections of the third four-way valve to decrease, and controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the fourth and third connections of the fifth four-way valve to decrease. When the temperature value detected by the fifth temperature sensor drops to the lower limit of the temperature of the electric drive system, the controller controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the first and second connections of the third four-way valve to decrease, and also controls the opening degree of the channel valves of the second and third connections of the fifth four-way valve to decrease.

19. A machine-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The machine-readable storage medium stores instructions for causing the machine to perform the thermal management method for a fuel cell engineering vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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