Vehicle starting and parking battery charging management and control system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle starting and parking battery charging management and control system which comprises a controller, a bypass current limiting assembly and a line switching module. The controller is connected with the control end of the line switching module, the bypass current limiting assembly is arranged on the line switching module, and the line switching module is connected with the two ends of a vehicle starting and parking battery at the same time. The controller is used for connecting the bypass current limiting assembly to the two ends of the vehicle starting and parking battery in parallel through the line switching module when the preset full-charge early warning condition is achieved. The bypass current limiting assemblies are connected in parallel to the two ends of the vehicle starting and parking battery, so that charging shunting is achieved, the charging current is reduced, the charging speed of the vehicle starting and parking battery is slowed down, and in the time period from fast full charging to full charging, reaction time is reserved for an automobile regulator to reduce the regulation process of current output of a generator excitation coil; therefore, the phenomenon that the voltage of the whole vehicle is unstable when the lithium battery is fully charged is avoided, and meanwhile the overcharge risk of the lithium battery can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, and in particular to a vehicle startup battery charging control system and method. Background Art

[0002] At present, trucks use a combination of lead-acid batteries and small generators to solve the power needs of starting, driving and parking large trucks. When the large truck starts, two sets of lead-acid batteries connected in series supply power to the large truck; while in driving, the truck generator adjusts the current of the generator excitation coil through the car regulator to achieve voltage stabilization of the whole vehicle and charge the lead-acid battery; when the truck is parked and the lead-acid battery is depleted due to continuous power consumption, the on-board small generator will automatically start to charge the lead-acid battery and supply power for the car to park.

[0003] However, lead-acid batteries have defects such as heavy weight, small capacity and short service life. Therefore, the current solution is to use lithium batteries instead of the original lead-acid batteries. However, since the truck starting battery is charged by a generator; during charging, the generator charges the starting battery while supplying power to the electrical equipment; the battery management system (BMS) of the lithium battery protection board will instantly turn off the charging MOS after detecting that the lithium battery is full, while the discharging MOS is turned on.

[0004] At this time, the circuit voltage rises instantly under the bidirectional power supply of the generator and the battery; and because the discharge MOC enables the turned-on lithium battery to continue to supply power to the entire vehicle load including the generator excitation coil, after the lithium battery power is lower than the threshold, the charging MOS is turned on again.

[0005] As a result, the lithium battery protection system is in this process of repeated charging on and off, which leads to unstable voltage of the entire vehicle, easily causing damage to the electrical system, and also increases the risk of overcharging the lithium battery. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vehicle starting battery charging control system and method to avoid the phenomenon of unstable voltage of the whole vehicle when the lithium battery is used as a starting battery, and at the same time protect the lithium battery.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A vehicle start-up battery charging control system, comprising a controller, a bypass current limiting component and a line switching module; The controller is connected to the control end of the circuit switching module, the bypass current limiting component is arranged on the circuit switching module, and the circuit switching module is simultaneously connected to the two ends of the vehicle starting battery; The controller is used to connect the bypass current limiting component in parallel to the two ends of the vehicle starting battery through the line switching module when a preset full warning condition is met.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: Please refer to the figure, a vehicle parking battery charging control method is applied to the above-mentioned vehicle parking battery charging control system, including the following steps: S1. Setting a preset full warning condition corresponding to the charging process of the vehicle's parking battery; S2. When the vehicle starting battery is charged, determine whether the preset full warning condition is met. If so, output a parallel control signal to the circuit switching module so that the circuit switching module connects the bypass current limiting component in parallel to both ends of the vehicle starting battery.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: providing a vehicle starting battery charging control system and method, introducing a bypass current limiting component and a line switching module on the vehicle starting battery, when the vehicle starting battery is almost fully charged, charging diversion is achieved by connecting bypass current limiting components in parallel at both ends of the vehicle starting battery, thereby reducing the charging current and slowing down the charging speed of the vehicle starting battery, and in the time period from nearly full to full, it leaves reaction time for the automobile regulator to reduce the current output of the generator excitation coil, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of unstable voltage of the entire vehicle when the lithium battery is fully charged, and at the same time can reduce the risk of overcharging of the lithium battery, and protect the electrical system of the vehicle including the lithium battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 A system block diagram of a vehicle startup battery charging control system of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the steps of a vehicle startup battery charging control method of the present invention.

[0011] Description of labels: 1. On-board generator; 2. Charging branch; 3. Bypass current limiting component; 4. Line switching module; 5. Vehicle starting battery; 6. Current limiting protection component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In order to explain the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following is an explanation in combination with the implementation modes and the accompanying drawings.

[0013] Please refer to Figure 1 , a vehicle start-up battery charging control system, including a controller, a bypass current limiting component 3 and a line switching module 4; The controller is connected to the control end of the circuit switching module 4, the bypass current limiting component 3 is arranged on the circuit switching module 4, and the circuit switching module 4 is connected to both ends of the vehicle parking battery 5; The controller is used to connect the bypass current limiting component 3 in parallel to the two ends of the vehicle starting battery 5 through the line switching module 4 when a preset full warning condition is met.

[0014] From the above description, it can be seen that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: introducing a bypass current limiting component 3 and a line switching module 4 on the vehicle starting battery 5, when the vehicle starting battery 5 is almost fully charged, charging diversion is achieved by connecting the bypass current limiting component 3 in parallel at both ends of the vehicle starting battery 5, thereby reducing the charging current and slowing down the charging speed of the vehicle starting battery 5. During the period from nearly full to fully charged, reaction time is reserved for the automobile regulator to reduce the current output of the generator excitation coil, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of unstable voltage of the entire vehicle when the lithium battery is fully charged, and at the same time reducing the risk of overcharging of the lithium battery, and protecting the electrical system of the vehicle including the lithium battery.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a charging branch 2 for connecting the vehicle generator 1 and the vehicle parking battery 5 respectively, and the line switching module 4 includes a series bypass and a first switching switch; The bypass current limiting component 3 is arranged on the series bypass, one end of the series bypass is connected to the first switch, and the other ends of the first switch and the series bypass are respectively connected to the charging branch 2; The controller is connected to the control end of the first switch.

[0016] From the above description, it can be seen that in addition to the charging current shunting function when it is almost fully charged, the bypass current limiting component 3 can also be connected in series to the charging branch 2 during the charging process to limit the charging current and prevent the charging current from being too large instantly and directly poured into the vehicle starting battery 5; thereby protecting the lithium battery and raising the voltage detected by the car regulator so that the regulator reduces the current output to the generator excitation coil, thereby achieving the purpose of voltage stabilization and protecting the lithium battery.

[0017] Furthermore, the line switching module 4 also includes a second switching switch for parallel bypass; The bypass current limiting component 3 is arranged on the parallel bypass, and the two ends of the parallel bypass are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the vehicle starting battery 5 through a second switching switch; The controller is respectively connected to the control end of each of the second switching switches.

[0018] From the above description, it can be seen that in the part where both ends of the battery are connected in parallel, the second switching switch is used as the main switching component, and the parallel bypass is cooperated to complete the connection action of the bypass current limiting component 3, which has a simple structure and stable control.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a current limiting protection component 6, which is arranged on the charging branch 2.

[0020] From the above description, it can be seen that in addition to using the bypass current limiting component 3, the charging branch 2 is provided with a current limiting protection component 6 to provide basic current limiting protection for the battery charging process.

[0021] Furthermore, the controller is provided with a charging current detection terminal, and the charging current detection terminal is electrically connected to the charging branch 2 .

[0022] From the above description, it can be seen that the controller is provided with a charging current detection terminal, which can be used to detect whether the charging current on the charging branch 2 is too large, and then used to determine whether to control the bypass current limiting component 3 to connect to the charging branch 2.

[0023] Furthermore, the controller is provided with a battery power sampling terminal, and the battery power sampling terminal is used to connect to the battery pack BMS.

[0024] As can be seen from the above description, the controller is provided with a battery power sampling terminal, based on which the real-time SOC value of the vehicle starting battery 5 during the charging process is obtained, so as to determine whether the vehicle starting battery 5 is about to be fully charged.

[0025] Furthermore, the bypass current limiting component 3 is a prefabricated bypass resistor.

[0026] From the above description, it can be seen that the bypass current limiting component 3 adopts a prefabricated bypass resistor, and achieves different current limiting effects by changing the resistor parameters to meet the actual application requirements.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 2 A vehicle parking battery charging control method is applied to the above-mentioned vehicle parking battery charging control system, comprising the following steps: S1, setting a preset full warning condition corresponding to the charging process of the vehicle parking battery 5; S2. When the vehicle starting battery 5 is charged, it is determined whether the preset full warning condition is met. If so, a parallel control signal is output to the line switching module 4 so that the line switching module 4 connects the bypass current limiting component 3 in parallel to both ends of the vehicle starting battery 5.

[0028] From the above description, it can be seen that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: introducing a bypass current limiting component 3 and a line switching module 4 on the vehicle starting battery 5, when the vehicle starting battery 5 is almost fully charged, charging diversion is achieved by connecting the bypass current limiting component 3 in parallel at both ends of the vehicle starting battery 5, thereby reducing the charging current and slowing down the charging speed of the vehicle starting battery 5. During the period from nearly full to fully charged, reaction time is reserved for the automobile regulator to reduce the current output of the generator excitation coil, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of unstable voltage of the entire vehicle when the lithium battery is fully charged, and at the same time reducing the risk of overcharging of the lithium battery, and protecting the electrical system of the vehicle including the lithium battery.

[0029] Furthermore, it also includes: S3. When the vehicle starting battery 5 is charging, determine whether the charging current of the charging branch 2 reaches a preset current threshold. If so, output a series control signal to the circuit switching module 4 so that the circuit switching module 4 connects the bypass current limiting component 3 in series to the charging branch 2.

[0030] From the above description, it can be seen that in addition to the charging current shunting function when it is almost fully charged, the bypass current limiting component 3 can also be connected in series to the charging branch 2 during the charging process to limit the charging current and prevent the charging current from being too large instantly and directly poured into the vehicle starting battery 5; thereby protecting the lithium battery and raising the voltage detected by the car regulator so that the regulator reduces the current output to the generator excitation coil, thereby achieving the purpose of voltage stabilization and protecting the lithium battery.

[0031] Furthermore, the preset full charge warning condition is whether the real-time SOC value of the vehicle starting battery 5 reaches a preset current limiting threshold.

[0032] From the above description, it can be seen that the full warning part is judged by comparing the real-time SOC value with the preset current limiting threshold. The preset current limiting threshold can be set according to the actual situation of the current vehicle starting battery 5, and the application is flexible.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 , Embodiment 1 of the present invention is: A vehicle parking battery charging control system includes a controller, a current limiting protection component 6, a bypass current limiting component 3, a line switching module 4, and a charging branch 2 for connecting a vehicle generator 1 and a vehicle parking battery 5 respectively; the controller is connected to the control end of the line switching module 4, the bypass current limiting component 3 is arranged on the line switching module 4, and the line switching module 4 is simultaneously connected to both ends of the vehicle parking battery 5; the controller is used to connect the bypass current limiting component 3 in parallel to both ends of the vehicle parking battery 5 through the line switching module 4 when a preset full warning condition is met, and the current limiting protection component 6 is arranged on the charging branch 2. The current limiting protection component 6 can be selected as a current limiting circuit.

[0034] In this embodiment, the line switching module 4 includes a parallel bypass, a second switching switch, a series bypass and a first switching switch; the bypass current limiting component 3 is arranged on the series bypass and the parallel bypass at the same time, one end of the series bypass is connected to the first switching switch, and the other ends of the first switching switch and the series bypass are respectively connected to the charging branch 2; the controller is connected to the control end of the first switching switch. The bypass current limiting component 3 is arranged on the parallel bypass, and the two ends of the parallel bypass are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the vehicle starting battery 5 through a second switching switch; the controller is respectively connected to the control end of each second switching switch. It should be noted that the first switching switch and the second switching switch in this embodiment can both use MOS switch tubes, and use PWM as the control signal; the existing series switching and parallel switching constructed by MOS switch tubes can be used.

[0035] In this embodiment, the controller is provided with a charging current detection terminal and a battery power sampling terminal, and the charging current detection terminal is electrically connected to the charging branch 2. The battery power sampling terminal is used to connect to the battery pack BMS. In order to improve the system integration, the controller can use the MCU of the vehicle power system, and add corresponding control logic to the MCU.

[0036] In this embodiment, the bypass current limiting component 3 is a prefabricated bypass resistor. The prefabricated bypass resistor is specifically made by copper plating and etching on a fiberglass board, and its specific parameters are determined according to the parameters of the vehicle generator 1 and the vehicle starting battery 5 in actual application. For example, the prefabricated bypass resistor is made into a specification of 50 milliohms and 50W.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 2 , Embodiment 2 of the present invention is: A vehicle parking battery charging control method, applied to a vehicle parking battery charging control system of embodiment 1, comprises the following steps: S1, setting a preset full warning condition corresponding to the charging process of the vehicle parking battery 5; Among them, the preset full warning condition is whether the real-time SOC value of the vehicle starting battery 5 reaches the preset current limiting threshold, and the preset current limiting threshold is specifically selected based on the SOC value corresponding to the full completion time of the vehicle starting battery 5, and a lower SOC value is selected.

[0038] S2. When the vehicle starting battery 5 is charged, it is determined whether the preset full warning condition is met. If so, a parallel control signal is output to the line switching module 4 so that the line switching module 4 connects the bypass current limiting component 3 in parallel to both ends of the vehicle starting battery 5.

[0039] S3. When the vehicle start-up battery 5 is charging, determine whether the charging current of the charging branch 2 reaches a preset current threshold. If so, output a series control signal to the line switching module 4 so that the line switching module 4 connects the bypass current limiting component 3 in series with the charging branch 2.

[0040] In this embodiment, when the vehicle parking battery 5 is just beginning to be charged, the bypass current limiting component 3 can be connected in series to the charging branch 2 to play a current limiting protection role.

[0041] In summary, the present invention provides a vehicle starting battery charging control system and method, which introduces a bypass current limiting component and a line switching module on the vehicle starting battery. When the vehicle starting battery is almost fully charged, charging diversion is achieved by connecting the bypass current limiting components in parallel at both ends of the vehicle starting battery, thereby reducing the charging current and slowing down the charging speed of the vehicle starting battery. In the time period from nearly full to full, reaction time is reserved for the automobile regulator to reduce the current output of the generator excitation coil. This avoids the phenomenon of unstable voltage of the entire vehicle when the lithium battery is fully charged, and at the same time can reduce the risk of overcharging of the lithium battery, protect the electrical system of the vehicle including the lithium battery, and at the same time can use the bypass current limiting component and the current limiting protection component in conjunction to provide charging current limiting protection on the charging branch.

[0042] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle startup battery charging control system, characterized in that: It includes a controller, a bypass current limiting component and a line switching module; The controller is connected to the control end of the circuit switching module, the bypass current limiting component is arranged on the circuit switching module, and the circuit switching module is simultaneously connected to the two ends of the vehicle starting battery; The controller is used to connect the bypass current limiting component in parallel to the two ends of the vehicle starting battery through the line switching module when a preset full warning condition is met.

2. A vehicle parking battery charging control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a charging branch for connecting the on-board generator and the vehicle starting battery respectively, and the line switching module includes a series bypass and a first switching switch; The bypass current limiting component is arranged on the series bypass, one end of the series bypass is connected to the first switch, and the other ends of the first switch and the series bypass are respectively connected to the charging branch; The controller is connected to the control end of the first switch.

3. A vehicle parking battery charging control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit switching module also includes a second switch connected in parallel with the bypass; The bypass current limiting component is arranged on the parallel bypass, and the two ends of the parallel bypass are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the vehicle starting battery through a second switching switch; The controller is respectively connected to the control end of each of the second switching switches.

4. A vehicle parking battery charging control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a current limiting protection component, which is arranged on the charging branch.

5. A vehicle parking battery charging control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controller is provided with a charging current detection terminal, and the charging current detection terminal is electrically connected to the charging branch.

6. A vehicle parking battery charging control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is provided with a battery power sampling terminal, and the battery power sampling terminal is used to connect to the battery pack BMS.

7. A vehicle parking battery charging control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bypass current limiting component is a prefabricated bypass resistor.

8. A vehicle parking battery charging control method, applied to a vehicle parking battery charging control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Setting a preset full warning condition corresponding to the charging process of the vehicle's parking battery; S2. When the vehicle starting battery is charged, determine whether the preset full warning condition is met. If so, output a parallel control signal to the circuit switching module so that the circuit switching module connects the bypass current limiting component in parallel to both ends of the vehicle starting battery.

9. A vehicle parking battery charging control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: S3. When the vehicle starts charging the battery, determine whether the charging current of the charging branch reaches a preset current threshold. If so, output a series control signal to the circuit switching module so that the circuit switching module connects the bypass current limiting component in series to the charging branch.

10. A vehicle parking battery charging control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preset full charge warning condition is whether the real-time SOC value of the vehicle starting battery reaches a preset current limiting threshold.

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