Ventilation system

Abstract

The invention provides a ventilation system which comprises a purification and exhaust device which is configured to be connected with a garbage treatment device and used for purifying oil gas generated by the garbage treatment device and discharging the purified gas out of a cabin; the air supply device is used for providing fresh air into the cabin; the air exhaust device is used for exhausting air in the cabin, the air exhaust device and the air supply device are started at the same time, and the air volume of the air exhaust device is larger than that of the air supply device, so that negative pressure is formed in the cabin. The ventilation system can avoid oil gas retention in the cabin and reduce environmental pollution in the cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of marine ventilation systems, in particular to a ventilation system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the food waste on board ships usually enters the garbage disposal device for crushing and is directly discharged to the seabed. However, when the ship is docked or near the sea, due to environmental protection requirements, the garbage cannot be discharged directly after crushing. It needs to be collected and dried. During the treatment, hot gas mixed with oil and gas is discharged out of the cabin. Because the exhaust volume of the garbage disposal device is unstable, in the early stage of heating and drying, the garbage has a large amount of oil and water, and the oil and gas displacement is large. As the oil and water evaporate, the oil and gas displacement gradually decreases until the heating stops and the exhaust volume is zero. Since the exhaust volume changes and the specific amount of change cannot be determined, the fan connected to the exhaust port of the garbage disposal device cannot adjust the appropriate air volume to match it at any time, causing the fan to vacuum the inside of the garbage disposal device, so that the oil and gas cannot be discharged. If the discharge is not smooth, it will be retained in the cabin and pollute the cabin environment. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the related art, an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation system for exhausting oil and gas in the cabin to prevent the oil and gas from being retained and polluting the cabin environment.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides a ventilation system, including: a purification and exhaust device, which is configured to be connected to a garbage disposal device, and is used to purify the oil gas generated by the garbage disposal device and discharge the purified gas out of the cabin; an air supply device, which is used to provide fresh air to the cabin; an exhaust device, which is used to discharge the air in the cabin, and the exhaust device and the air supply device are turned on at the same time, and the air volume of the exhaust device is greater than the air volume of the air supply device, so that a negative pressure is formed in the cabin.

[0005] Optionally, the exhaust device includes a first exhaust fan and an exhaust duct. The air inlet of the first exhaust fan is connected to the exhaust duct. The exhaust duct is provided with an exhaust port. The first exhaust fan sucks and discharges the air in the cabin through the exhaust port on the exhaust duct.

[0006] Optionally, the exhaust device also includes a pressure difference sensor, which is used to measure the pressure difference between inside and outside the cabin. The first exhaust fan is a variable frequency exhaust fan, which is adjusted according to the measured pressure difference to maintain a predetermined negative pressure inside and outside the cabin.

[0007] Optionally, the negative pressure ranges from -5 to -50 Pa.

[0008] Optionally, the exhaust device further includes an exhaust shaft and exhaust louvers, wherein the exhaust louvers are connected to the exhaust shaft, and the exhaust shaft is connected to an air outlet of the first exhaust fan.

[0009] Optionally, the purified exhaust device includes a pressure sensor, an oil and gas purifier, a ventilation adjustment mechanism and a second exhaust fan. The oil and gas purifier is connected to a garbage disposal device through a pipeline. The pressure sensor is connected to the pipeline between the oil and gas purifier and the garbage disposal device and is used to measure the pressure in the purified exhaust device. The oil and gas purifier is connected to the second exhaust fan through the ventilation adjustment mechanism. The second exhaust fan discharges the gas purified by the oil and gas purifier out of the cabin. When the pressure measured by the pressure sensor decreases to 0, the ventilation adjustment mechanism opens to connect with the cabin.

[0010] Optionally, the ventilation adjustment mechanism includes a three-way pipeline and an electric end cover, the three-way pipeline includes a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port and the second port are respectively connected to the oil and gas purifier and the second exhaust fan, and the electric end cover is arranged at the mouth of the third port, and the electric end cover opens and closes the third port based on the pressure sensor.

[0011] Optionally, the ventilation adjustment mechanism further includes a check air valve, which is arranged at the third port and is used to limit the backflow of gas from the third port.

[0012] Optionally, the air supply device includes an air blower and an air supply pipeline, the air outlet of the air blower is connected to the air supply pipeline, the air supply pipeline is provided with an air supply port, and the air blower provides fresh air to the cabin through the air supply port on the air supply pipeline.

[0013] Optionally, the air supply device further includes an air supply shaft and air supply louvers, the air supply louvers are connected to the air supply shaft, and the air supply shaft is connected to the air inlet of the air supply fan.

[0014] As described above, the ventilation system of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the air supply device is used to provide fresh air to the cabin, and the exhaust device is used to exhaust the polluted air in the cabin. The cabin can be ventilated under the action of the air supply device and the exhaust device. Since the exhaust volume of the exhaust device is greater than the air supply volume of the air supply device, the cabin is slightly negatively pressurized, which prevents the dirty gas from accumulating at the bottom of the cabin and overflowing to other areas outside the cabin. The purification exhaust device can purify the oil and gas generated during the garbage disposal process and discharge the purified gas outside the cabin. The purification exhaust device can reduce the pollution of the environment by the oil and gas during the garbage disposal process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1Shown is a schematic diagram of a ventilation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Component number description

[0017] 1. Garbage disposal machine; 2. Pumping machine; 3. Dryer; 4. First exhaust fan; 5. Exhaust duct; 51. Exhaust port; 6. Exhaust manhole; 7. Exhaust louver; 8. Pressure difference sensor; 9. Airtight door; 10. Pressure sensor; 11. Oil and gas purifier; 12. Electric end cover; 13. Check valve; 14. Second exhaust fan; 15. Three-way pipeline; 16. Air supply fan; 17. Air supply duct; 171. Air supply port; 18. Air supply manhole; 19. Air supply louver. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0019] For example, when describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional view showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic view is only an example, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional space dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0020] For ease of description, spatial relational terms such as "under", "below", "below", "below", "above", "on", etc. may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature shown in the drawings to other elements or features. It will be understood that these spatial relational terms are intended to include other directions of the device in use or operation in addition to the directions depicted in the drawings. In addition, when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or there can be one or more intervening layers. As used herein, "between..." means including the end point values.

[0021] In the context of the present application, a structure in which a first feature is described as being "above" a second feature may include embodiments in which the first and second features are formed in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in which additional features are formed between the first and second features, such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact.

[0022] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore the illustrations only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a ventilation system, which is used to purify the oil smoke in the garbage disposal device on the ship. The ship is provided with a garbage disposal cabin, and the garbage disposal device is provided in the cabin. The garbage disposal device includes a garbage disposal machine 1, a pumping machine 2 and a dryer 3. The garbage disposal machine 1, the pumping machine 2 and the dryer 3 are connected in sequence. The garbage disposal machine 1 can crush the garbage to process the garbage. The crushed garbage can be transported to the dryer 3 through the pumping machine 2. When the dryer 3 dries the garbage, a mixed gas of oil and water (hereinafter referred to as oil and gas) will be generated in the garbage during the heating process. At this time, the ventilation system purifies the oil and gas and effectively discharges the purified gas out of the cabin. In addition, the pumping machine 2 can also discharge the garbage directly.

[0024] The ventilation system includes an exhaust device, a purification exhaust device and an air supply device. The purification exhaust device is used to purify the oil gas in the garbage disposal device, the exhaust device is used to exhaust the air in the cabin, and the air supply device is used to provide fresh air to the cabin.

[0025] The exhaust device includes a first exhaust fan 4, an exhaust pipe 5, an exhaust shaft 6 and an exhaust louver 7. The first exhaust fan 4 can be arranged on the bulkhead, and the air inlet of the first exhaust fan 4 is connected to the exhaust pipe 5, and the exhaust pipe 5 is provided with an exhaust port 51, and the number of the exhaust ports 51 is not limited. The air outlet of the first exhaust fan 4 is connected to the exhaust shaft 6, and the exhaust shaft 6 is used to discharge the air in the cabin, and the exhaust louver 7 is connected to the exhaust shaft 6. Among them, the first exhaust fan 4 is a variable frequency blower 16.

[0026] The exhaust device also includes a differential pressure sensor 8, which is used to measure the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cabin. For example, the outside of the cabin in this embodiment refers to a buffer room arranged next to the cabin. The buffer room is provided with two airtight doors 9. The staff needs to pass through the two airtight doors 9 to enter the cabin. When the staff enters the cabin, the two airtight doors 9 cannot be opened at the same time. When one of the airtight doors 9 is closed, the other airtight door 9 can be opened. Through such an arrangement, it can be ensured that the odor in the garbage disposal cabin will not overflow to the outside when people enter.

[0027] The purification exhaust device includes a pressure sensor 10, an oil and gas purifier 11, an electric end cover 12, a non-return air valve 13, a second exhaust fan 14 and a three-way pipeline 15. The second exhaust fan 14 is a fixed frequency exhaust fan, and the electric end cover 12, the non-return air valve 13 and the three-way pipeline 15 constitute a ventilation adjustment mechanism. The oil and gas purifier 11 is connected to the dryer 3 through a pipeline, the pressure sensor 10 is connected to the pipeline between the oil and gas purifier 11 and the dryer 3, and the oil and gas purifier 11 is connected to the second exhaust fan 14 through a three-way pipeline 15. For the convenience of description, the three ports of the three-way pipeline 15 are named as the first port, the second port and the third port, respectively, wherein the first port and the second port are connected to the oil and gas purifier 11 and the second exhaust fan 14 respectively, and the air outlet of the second exhaust fan 14 is connected to the exhaust well 6. The electric end cover 12 is connected to the mouth of the third port and is used to control the on-off of the third port. The check valve 13 is arranged at the third port and is used to prevent the gas from flowing back into the cabin from the third port.

[0028] When the dryer 3 of the garbage disposal device starts working, the second exhaust fan 14 starts working. At this time, the oil and gas generated by the dryer 3 enters the oil and gas purifier 11, and the oil and gas purifier 11 electrolytically separates the oil and gas. The oil and gas that are not electrolytically separated will be discharged through the corresponding pipelines, and the cleaner gas after separation will pass through the second exhaust fan 14 and be discharged from the exhaust louver 7 at the exhaust shaft 6.

[0029] The air supply device includes an air blower 16, an air supply pipeline 17, an air supply shaft 18 and an air supply louver 19. The air blower 16 can be arranged on the bulkhead, the air inlet of the air blower 16 is connected to the air supply shaft 18, the air supply louver 19 is arranged on the air supply shaft 18, the air outlet of the air blower 16 is connected to the air supply pipeline 17, and the air supply pipeline 17 is provided with air supply ports 171, and the number of the air supply ports 171 is not limited.

[0030] When the blower 16 is working, external air enters the air supply shaft 18 from the air supply louver 19, and enters the cabin from the air supply port 171 through the air supply pipe 17, thereby providing fresh air for the cabin.

[0031] The ventilation system also includes a controller, which is used to display the operating status of the dryer 3, the first exhaust fan 4, the supply fan 16, and the second exhaust fan 14, and also displays the supply air volume, exhaust air volume, the pressure value inside the dryer 3, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the garbage compartment, the switch status of the electric end cover 12, etc.

[0032] When the garbage disposal device is started, the supply fan 16 and the first exhaust fan 4 are turned on at the same time and run at their respective rated speeds. At this time, the exhaust air is slightly greater than the supply air, resulting in a slight negative pressure in the cabin. The controller shows that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cabin is between -5 and -50 Pa, thereby preventing dirty gases from accumulating at the bottom of the cabin and overflowing to other areas outside the cabin.

[0033] When the dryer 3 of the garbage disposal device starts to work, the second exhaust fan 14 starts to start to discharge the oil and gas generated by the dryer 3. As the drying device continues to work, the oil and gas discharge volume gradually decreases. At this time, when the pressure sensor 10 shows that the pressure value is close to 0, the electric end cover 12 opens. In addition to sucking the oil and gas inside the drying device, the second exhaust fan 14 also sucks part of the gas from the cabin to avoid the dryer 3 being evacuated into a vacuum, which makes it impossible to discharge the oil and gas.

[0034] Since the second exhaust fan 14 draws air from the cabin through the third port, when the gas drawn from the cabin gradually increases, the negative pressure in the cabin gradually increases. If the pressure difference value fed back by the pressure difference sensor 8 is lower than -50Pa, the first exhaust fan 4 starts to adjust the frequency and reduce the exhaust volume, so that the pressure difference between the cabin and the buffer room is maintained between -5 and -50Pa.

[0035] When the dryer 3 stops, the second exhaust fan 14 also stops, and the electric end cover 12 closes. The first exhaust fan 4 automatically adjusts to the rated working condition, so that the exhaust air volume is slightly larger than the air supply volume of the air supply fan 16, so that the pressure difference between the garbage disposal device cabin and the buffer room is still maintained between -5 and -50Pa.

[0036] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation system, characterized in that: include: A purification exhaust device, configured to be connected to the garbage disposal device, for purifying the oil gas generated by the garbage disposal device and discharging the purified gas out of the cabin; Air supply device, used to provide fresh air to the cabin; The exhaust device is used to exhaust the air in the cabin. The exhaust device and the air supply device are turned on at the same time, and the air volume of the exhaust device is greater than the air volume of the air supply device, so that negative pressure is formed in the cabin.

2. The ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust device includes a first exhaust fan and an exhaust pipeline. The air inlet of the first exhaust fan is connected to the exhaust pipeline. The exhaust pipeline is provided with an exhaust port. The first exhaust fan sucks and exhausts the air in the cabin through the exhaust port on the exhaust pipe.

3. The ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust device also includes a pressure difference sensor, which is used to measure the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cabin. The first exhaust fan is a variable frequency exhaust fan, which is adjusted according to the measured pressure difference to maintain a predetermined negative pressure inside and outside the cabin.

4. The ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure ranges from -5 to -50 Pa.

5. The ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust device also includes an exhaust shaft and an exhaust louver, wherein the exhaust louver is connected to the exhaust shaft, and the exhaust shaft is connected to the air outlet of the first exhaust fan.

6. The ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purified exhaust device includes a pressure sensor, an oil and gas purifier, a ventilation adjustment mechanism and a second exhaust fan. The oil and gas purifier is connected to a garbage disposal device through a pipeline. The pressure sensor is connected to the pipeline between the oil and gas purifier and the garbage disposal device and is used to measure the pressure in the purified exhaust device. The oil and gas purifier is connected to the second exhaust fan through the ventilation adjustment mechanism. The second exhaust fan discharges the gas purified by the oil and gas purifier out of the cabin. When the pressure measured by the pressure sensor decreases to 0, the ventilation adjustment mechanism opens to communicate with the cabin.

7. The ventilation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ventilation adjustment mechanism includes a three-way pipeline and an electric end cover, the three-way pipeline includes a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port and the second port are respectively connected to the oil and gas purifier and the second exhaust fan, the electric end cover is arranged at the mouth of the third port, and the electric end cover opens and closes the third port based on the pressure sensor.

8. The ventilation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ventilation adjustment mechanism also includes a check air valve, which is arranged at the third port and is used to limit the backflow of gas from the third port.

9. The ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply device includes an air blower and an air supply pipeline. The air outlet of the air blower is connected to the air supply pipeline. The air supply pipeline is provided with an air supply port. The air blower provides fresh air to the cabin through the air supply port on the air supply pipeline.

10. The ventilation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The air supply device also includes an air supply shaft and an air supply louver, wherein the air supply louver is connected to the air supply shaft, and the air supply shaft is connected to the air inlet of the air supply fan.

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