All-air air conditioner regulation and control method based on indoor number of people and meteorological parameter changes

Abstract

The invention discloses an all-air air conditioner regulation and control method based on indoor number of people and meteorological parameter changes, and belongs to the field of air conditioner control. The method comprises the following steps that meteorological parameters of an area where a building is located are obtained, building envelope parameters, indoor equipment power and the number of real-time personnel are determined, the needed fresh air volume and the load of an air conditioning unit are calculated, the air supply volume and the air supply temperature are determined, and the air supply volume is fed into an air conditioning space for airflow organization simulation. A PMV value is calculated according to the simulation result, when the PMV meets the requirement, regulation and control parameters of a fresh air valve and an air return valve of the air supply system are output, and the chilled water amount needed by the air volume and the water valve opening degree are calculated; and when the PMV does not meet the requirement, the opening degree of the air return valve is adjusted, and the model is re-established for iterative calculation until the PMV reaches a target value. Based on an air conditioning unit control mechanism, building dynamic load changes are combined, the PMV is used as an evaluation index, an air valve and a water valve are adjusted, the indoor design environment requirement is met, and support is provided for optimization design of a building air conditioner air and water system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air conditioning control, and in particular to a method for controlling a full air conditioning unit for space comfort needs. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of social economy, energy consumption continues to grow. The large-scale use of fossil energy such as oil and natural gas has not only aggravated the problem of energy shortage, but also caused a serious environmental crisis. The proposal of the "dual carbon" goal has further enhanced the society's attention to energy conservation and emission reduction. In my country's energy consumption structure, the energy consumption of building operation has exceeded 40%, which is much higher than that of transportation and industry, and the energy consumption of air-conditioning units accounts for 50% to 60% of the total energy consumption of buildings. Therefore, optimizing the operation of air-conditioning units is an important breakthrough in achieving energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0003] The all-air air conditioning unit consists of an air handling system and a water system. The energy consumption of the water system is much higher than that of the wind system, and it is the main part of the energy consumption of the air conditioning unit. Traditional designs are usually based on full load conditions. When outdoor meteorological parameters or indoor heat source conditions deviate from the design conditions, the system energy consumption may increase significantly, resulting in energy waste. Therefore, by scientifically regulating the operating parameters of the wind system and the water system, the energy consumption of the air conditioning unit can be effectively reduced, and its energy-saving potential can be fully tapped to help achieve energy conservation and emission reduction goals. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to realize the intelligent control of air-conditioning units in building spaces, and proposes a full-air air-conditioning unit control method based on outdoor meteorological parameters and dynamic indoor personnel that meets the comfort requirements of the space. By establishing an application scenario model of the air-conditioning unit, performing indoor airflow organization simulation calculation, and using the PMV value as the evaluation target to analyze the air-conditioning environment conditions, after multiple iterative simulations, combined with the air-conditioning unit processing enthalpy and humidity diagram, the air-conditioning unit control parameters that meet the comfort requirements of indoor personnel are obtained.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a full air conditioning control method based on the number of people in the room and the change of meteorological parameters, characterized in that it specifically includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1.1, obtain the meteorological parameters of the area where the building is located, including the local outdoor dry-bulb temperature, outdoor relative humidity and solar radiation;

[0007] Step 1.2, determine the building envelope parameters, indoor equipment power and number of personnel;

[0008] Step 1.3, based on the meteorological parameters of step 1.1 and the parameters of step 1.2, calculate the air conditioning unit load Q total , where the air conditioning unit load includes sensible heat load and latent heat load;

[0009] Step 1.4: Based on the number of people in the room obtained in step 1.2, the fresh air volume is 30m 3 / h·person determines the fresh air volume delivered to the room, and determines the return air volume delivered to the room according to the air conditioning unit load calculated in step 1.3. The sum of the fresh air volume and the return air volume is the total air volume;

[0010] Step 1.5, based on the building envelope parameters determined in step 1.2, establish a building space air conditioning airflow organization model, input quantities including meteorological parameters, indoor equipment power, and personnel into the model, send the total air volume determined in step 1.4 into the room at a fixed air supply temperature, perform airflow organization simulation, and obtain simulation results;

[0011] Step 1.6, calculate the PMV value according to the simulation results. When the absolute value of PMV is less than 1, the opening of the fresh air valve and the return air valve corresponding to the fresh air volume and the return air volume are output;

[0012] When the PMV value does not meet the requirements, the return air volume is adjusted, and the total supply air volume is re-entered into the model for iterative calculation until the PMV meets the requirements;

[0013] Step 1.7, based on the total air volume determined in step 1.6, the amount of cooling water required by the air conditioning unit AHU is calculated, and the water valve opening is calculated;

[0014] Step 1.8, when the number of people in the room changes, adjust the fresh air volume and repeat the above steps for iterative calculation until the PMV value meets the requirements;

[0015] When meteorological parameters change, the fresh air volume remains unchanged, and the above steps are repeated for iterative calculation until the PMV value meets the requirements.

[0016] Preferably, step 1.3 further comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1.31 Preliminary measurement calibration:

[0018] Input the meteorological parameters collected in step 1.1 and the building enclosure parameters, equipment power, and number of personnel N determined in step 1.2 to calculate the preliminary load result Q init , where Q init =Q total；

[0019] in:

[0020] Q init : Preliminary load result, unit: W;

[0021] Step 1.32 Secondary precision calibration:

[0022] For the preliminary load result Q initPerform precision calibration, combining environmental parameters such as light source intensity L and humidity RH out , output the calibrated load result Q calibrated；

[0023] The calibration formula is: Q calibrated =Q init +k 1 ×(LL target )+k 2 ×(RH out -RH target )

[0024] Where: Q calibrated : Load result after calibration, unit: W;

[0025] k 1 , k 2 : calibration coefficient, obtained by fitting the experimental data;

[0026] L target : Light source intensity target value;

[0027] RH target : Humidity target value;

[0028] Step 1.33 Comprehensive evaluation:

[0029] Based on the preliminary load results Q init And the calibrated load result Q calibrated , the comprehensive load Q is calculated through nonlinear combination, which is used to further optimize the operating parameters of the air-conditioning unit;

[0030] The comprehensive evaluation formula is: Q = w 1 ×ln(1+Q init )+w 2 ×ln(1+Q calibrated ), where: Q: comprehensive load; w 1 ,w 2 : Dynamic weighting coefficient, dynamically adjusted according to the control target.

[0031] Preferably, the air conditioning airflow organization model of the building space includes an enclosure structure, an air supply duct, a return air outlet, an exhaust duct, indoor equipment power, and the number of people. Temperature sensors and humidity sensors are provided inside and outside the enclosure structure. An indoor population counting sensor and a wind speed sensor are also provided indoors to obtain the real-time number of people indoors and the wind speed at the indoor activity range of the people.

[0032] Preferably, the fresh air volume is determined by the number of people indoors, and the return air volume is determined by the indoor PMV situation; the supply air temperature remains unchanged, and the indoor environment is regulated by the opening of the fresh air valve and the return air valve.

[0033] Preferably, the full air conditioning control method includes adjusting the fresh air volume, return air volume and cooling load of the air conditioning unit through the change of the enthalpy-humidity diagram to achieve a dynamic balance between indoor air quality and temperature and humidity. The change of the air treatment process on the enthalpy-humidity diagram includes the following process:

[0034] Step 4.1: Determine the number of people in the room as n, and the minimum fresh air volume per person is 30m 3 / h·person Calculate the fresh air volume, and preliminarily determine the return air volume according to the total air supply volume of fresh air plus return air G max Supply air;

[0035] Step 4.2, based on the fresh air volume and return air volume obtained in step 4.1, also includes combining formula (1) and formula (2) to determine the opening K of the fresh air valve, exhaust valve and return air valve xf , K pf and K hf , the formula (1) and formula (2) are as follows:

[0036]

[0037] Among them, K pf and K xf are the openings of exhaust valve and fresh air valve, %; G xf is the fresh air volume, m 3 / h; G max is the total air supply volume of the air conditioning unit, m 3 / h; K hf is the return air valve opening, %; G hf is the actual return air volume, m 3 / h;

[0038] Step 4.3, the processing process of the air conditioning unit on the psychrometric diagram is: The mixed air is processed by the air conditioning unit and reaches point L; the rated supply and return water temperature difference of the air conditioning unit is constant, and under the design working condition, the water valve opening is 100%;

[0039] Step 4.4, establish a model according to the above parameters, and calculate the PMV value within the range of personnel activities according to the simulation results; the specific calculation formula of the PMV value is as follows:

[0040]

[0041] Where M represents the metabolic rate of the human body, W / m 2 , indicating the activity intensity of indoor personnel, the value range is 116~197.3W / m 2 ; W is the mechanical work produced by the human body, W / m 2 ;p a is the water vapor partial pressure of air, kPa; t ais the indoor air temperature, obtained by the indoor temperature sensor, ℃; f cl is the clothing coefficient, which is the ratio of clothing surface area to the total surface area of ​​the human body; cl is the outer surface temperature of the garment, ℃; t r is the average radiation temperature of the environment, here it is taken as the air temperature, ℃; h c is the air convection heat transfer coefficient, W / m 2 K; where f cl From formula (4), we can get:

[0042]

[0043] In the formula, I cl is the thermal resistance of clothing, m 2 K / W;

[0044] t cl From formula (5), we can get:

[0045]

[0046] Where: dT = t r -20;h c is the convective heat transfer coefficient, which is obtained by formula (6):

[0047]

[0048] Where v represents the wind speed, obtained by the indoor wind speed sensor, m / s;

[0049] Step 4.5: When the absolute value of PMV is less than 1, output K pf , K xf , K hf , and calculate the amount of water required by the air conditioning unit AHU:

[0050]

[0051] Where, Q is the comprehensive load, kW; c is the specific heat capacity of chilled water, which is 4.18 kJ / (kg·℃); t 1 is the AHU inlet temperature, °C; t 2 is the AHU outlet temperature, °C;

[0052] Calculate the water valve opening K sf :

[0053]

[0054] Where, L is the amount of chilled water required by the current AHU, kg / h; L max is the rated chilled water capacity of AHU, kg / h.

[0055] Preferably, when the absolute value of PMV is greater than or equal to 1, adjust according to the following steps:

[0056] Step 5.1, keep the fresh air volume of the system unchanged, reduce the return air volume of the system, and recalculate the opening degrees K xf ', K pf ' and K hf ' of the fresh air valve, exhaust air valve and return air valve of the system according to Step 4.2;

[0057] Step 5.2, at this time, the processing process of the air handling unit on the psychrometric chart is At this time, the mixing point shifts from C to C'. At this time, the refrigeration capacity of the air handling unit is:

[0058] Q' = G'(h C' -h L ) (9)

[0059] Step 5.3, calculate the opening degree of the water valve at this time according to formula (10);

[0060]

[0061] where K' is the opening degree of the water valve, %; L' is the actual chilled water flow rate of the unit, kg / h; L max is the designed chilled water flow rate of the unit, kg / h;

[0062] Step 5.4, re - establish the model, calculate the indoor PMV value according to Step 4.4. When the absolute value of PMV is less than 2, output the regulation parameters K pf ', K xf ' and K hf ' and K sf ', and calculate the system energy - saving rate h according to Step 4.5; otherwise, repeat the above iterative process until the PMV value meets the requirements.

[0063] Preferably, when the number of indoor people changes, adjust according to the following steps:

[0064] Step 6.1, when the number of indoor people is m (m < n), the decrease in the number of people will cause the indoor moisture load to decrease; to keep the indoor temperature at the summer design temperature unchanged, point N will shift to point N'';

[0065] Step 6.2, re - determine the fresh air volume according to the number of indoor people m, and calculate the air valve parameters K pf '', K xf '' and K hf '' at this time according to Step 4.2;

[0066] Step 6.3, at this time, the processing process of the air handling unit on the psychrometric chart is Calculate the opening degree of the water valve K with formula (10)sf ", establish the model according to step 4.4 and calculate the PMV value; when the absolute value of PMV is less than 1, output the control parameter K pf ”, K xf ”, K hf ” and K sf ”, and calculate the system energy saving rate h according to step 4.5; otherwise, repeat the iterative calculation process of step 5 until the PMV meets the requirements.

[0067] Preferably, the method further includes establishing the determined system control parameters as a wind and water system regulation parameter library.

[0068] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] Achieve accurate air conditioning load calculation and improve the accuracy and reliability of system control

[0070] 1. The present invention realizes the phased calculation and accuracy optimization of the air-conditioning unit load by introducing sensible heat load, latent heat load and intelligent algorithm module (including preliminary measurement calibration, secondary accuracy calibration and comprehensive evaluation), and effectively solves the problem of inaccurate results caused by single parameter measurement error in traditional load calculation.

[0071] 2. Introduce dynamic optimization mechanism to meet multi-objective control needs

[0072] The present invention introduces dynamic weighting and nonlinear combination algorithms through the calculation of the comprehensive load Q, so that the system can dynamically adjust the operating parameters according to the real-time comfort demand or energy-saving target, thereby achieving a balanced optimization of comfort and energy saving.

[0073] 3. Strengthen the synergy between algorithms, avoid error accumulation, and improve system robustness

[0074] The present invention ensures that early calculation errors will not accumulate to subsequent stages through the error propagation and compensation mechanism in each stage of the algorithm, especially the compensation for light source intensity and humidity in the secondary precision calibration, thereby improving the robustness and stability of the overall system.

[0075] 4. Provide flexible and adaptable control solutions to meet different environmental and application requirements

[0076] The present invention is applicable to a variety of building scenarios (such as exhibition centers, gymnasiums, etc.), and can adjust the operation strategy of the air-conditioning unit according to the enclosure structure parameters, meteorological conditions and real-time number of people of different buildings. Through a multi-stage intelligent evaluation algorithm, the air-conditioning unit has stronger environmental adaptability and high efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0077] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the control method of the air conditioning unit;

[0078] Figure 2 Apply environmental models for air conditioning units;

[0079] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of grid division;

[0080] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the characteristics of the air-conditioned space in the building;

[0081] Figure 5 Regulate the psychrometric diagram for the system;

[0082] Figure 6 This is the schematic diagram of system control;

[0083] Figure 7 This is the indoor PMV change diagram throughout the year after regulation;

[0084] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the path change of the enthalpy-humidity diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0086] A method for controlling a full air conditioning unit for space comfort needs, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0087] Step 1.1, obtain the meteorological parameters of the area where the building is located, including the local outdoor dry-bulb temperature T out (Unit: °C), outdoor relative humidity RH out (unit: %) and solar radiation S (unit: W / m 2 );

[0088] Collection method: Real-time connection to the weather station, collection once every hour; use cubic smoothing filter algorithm to remove outliers to ensure data accuracy and stability;

[0089] Step 1.2, determine the building envelope parameters, indoor equipment power and number of personnel;

[0090] Building envelope parameters: including total area A (unit: m 2 ), heat transfer coefficient of enclosure structure U (unit: W / m 2 K), window shading coefficient SC;

[0091] Indoor equipment power: including total power P equip (Unit: W), equipment heat dissipation efficiency η equip (Value range: 0.8~0.9);

[0092] Number of people: Real-time monitoring through the people counting sensor to obtain the current number of people N (unit: person) in the room;

[0093] Step 1.3, based on the meteorological parameters of step 1.1 and the parameters of step 1.2, the load of the air conditioning unit is calculated, wherein the load of the air conditioning unit includes a sensible heat load and a latent heat load;

[0094] The calculation formula of sensible heat load is: Q sens =A×U×(T out -T in )+N×Q person_sens +P equip ×η equip ,

[0095] Where: Q sens : Sensible heat load, unit: W;

[0096] T in : Indoor target temperature, unit: ℃;

[0097] Q person_sens : Sensible heat dissipation of a single person, unit: W, usually 70W;

[0098] Latent heat load calculation formula: Q latent =N×Q person_latent ;

[0099] Where: Q latent : Latent heat load, unit: W;

[0100] Q person_latent : Single person latent heat dissipation, unit: W, value 40W;

[0101] Air conditioning unit load calculation formula: Q total =Q sens +Q latent ;

[0102] Step 1.3 also includes the following steps:

[0103] Step 1.31 Preliminary measurement calibration:

[0104] Input the meteorological parameters collected in step 1.1 and the building enclosure parameters, equipment power, and number of personnel N determined in step 1.2 to calculate the preliminary load result Q init , where Q init =Q total；

[0105] in:

[0106] Q init : Preliminary load result, unit: W;

[0107] Step 1.32 Secondary precision calibration:

[0108] The preliminary load result Q init Perform precision calibration, combining environmental parameters such as light source intensity L and humidity RH out , output the calibrated load result Q calibrated；

[0109] The calibration formula is: Q calibrated =Q init +k 1 ×(LL target )+k 2 ×(RH out -RH target )

[0110] Where: Q calibrated : Load result after calibration, unit: W;

[0111] k 1 , k 2 : calibration coefficient, obtained by fitting the experimental data;

[0112] L target : Light source intensity target value;

[0113] RH target : Humidity target value;

[0114] Step 1.33 Comprehensive evaluation:

[0115] Based on the preliminary load results Q init And the calibrated load result Q calibrated , calculate the comprehensive index Q through nonlinear combination final , used to further optimize the operating parameters of the air-conditioning unit;

[0116] The comprehensive evaluation formula is: Q = w 1 ×ln(1+Q init )+w 2 ×ln(1+Q calibrated ), where: Q: comprehensive load; w 1 ,w 2 : Dynamic weighting coefficient, dynamically adjusted according to the control target.

[0117] Step 1.4: Based on the number of people in the room obtained in step 1.2, the fresh air volume is 30m 3 / h·person Determine the fresh air volume delivered to the room, and determine the return air volume delivered to the room according to the air conditioning unit load calculated in step 1.3. The sum of the fresh air volume and the return air volume is the total supply air volume;

[0118] The fresh air volume formula is: G xf =N×30, where: G xf : Fresh air volume, unit: m 3 / h; N: number of people;

[0119] Return air volume formula: G hf =G max -G xf , where: G hf : Return air volume, unit: m 3 / h; G max : Total air supply volume.

[0120] Step 1.5, based on the enclosure structure parameters determined in step 1.2, establish the airflow organization model of the building space air conditioning, input the meteorological parameters and indoor equipment power and number of personnel into the model, and the total air volume determined in step 1.4 is delivered into the room at a fixed supply air temperature to simulate the airflow organization.

[0121] Step 1.6, calculate the PMV value based on the simulation results. When the absolute value of PMV is less than 1, the fresh air valve and return air valve opening corresponding to the fresh air volume and return air volume are output; when the PMV value does not meet the requirements, adjust the return air volume, re-enter the total air supply volume into the model, and perform iterative calculations until the PMV meets the requirements; model iteration process: The system uses a model based on real-time data to optimize the indoor environment. The model is carried out through the following steps:

[0122] Initial model setting: Based on the sensor data, the system establishes the initial air quality and PMV value model;

[0123] Parameter adjustment: adjust control parameters according to feedback data, iterate and optimize the model;

[0124] Result verification and correction: Finally, the air quality and comfort results output by the model are verified and the parameters are corrected.

[0125] Step 1.7, based on the total air volume determined in step 1.6, the amount of cooling water required by the air conditioning unit AHU is calculated, and the water valve opening is calculated;

[0126] Step 1.8, when the number of people in the room changes, adjust the fresh air volume and repeat the above steps for iterative calculation until the PMV value meets the requirements; when the meteorological parameters change, the fresh air volume remains unchanged and repeat the above steps for iterative calculation until the PMV value meets the requirements.

[0127] The building space air conditioning airflow organization model includes the enclosure structure, air supply duct, return air outlet, exhaust duct, indoor equipment power, and the number of people. Temperature sensors and humidity sensors should be installed inside and outside the enclosure structure. Indoor population counting sensors and wind speed sensors should also be installed indoors to obtain the real-time number of people indoors and the wind speed at the indoor activity range of people.

[0128] Indoor People Counting Sensor: Indoor People Counting Sensor is used to monitor the number of people in a room in real time by detecting human body heat radiation or using infrared technology to count the number of people in the room. The sensor works in the following ways:

[0129] Thermal radiation method: Determine the number of people by measuring the infrared radiation emitted by the human body;

[0130] Infrared sensor: determines the position and quantity based on the changes in infrared signals from the human body.

[0131] Wind speed sensor: The wind speed sensor regulates the speed of air flow by measuring wind speed. This sensor usually uses a hot wire anemometer or ultrasonic wind speed sensor to obtain data and provide real-time wind speed information for the control system to adjust the fan speed.

[0132] The fresh air volume is determined by the number of people indoors, and the return air volume is determined by the indoor PMV situation; the supply air temperature remains unchanged, and the indoor environment is regulated by controlling the opening of the fresh air valve and the return air valve.

[0133] The psychrometric chart is a tool for analyzing the thermal and humid state of air, and is used to describe the relationship between the temperature, humidity, and enthalpy of air. This solution uses the psychrometric chart to determine the initial state point (based on indoor and outdoor air parameters) and target state point (based on the PMV target range) of air treatment, and plans the path to achieve optimal control.

[0134] Specific path planning includes operations such as heating, cooling, dehumidification or humidification to achieve dynamic adjustment of the air state point to the target point.

[0135] Specifically, the starting point of the psychrometric chart represents the temperature and humidity state of the input air, which is calculated based on the indoor and outdoor air parameters.

[0136] The end point represents the final temperature and humidity state of the air while meeting the PMV target;

[0137] The regulation path is completed by controlling the heating, cooling, humidification or dehumidification of the air (such as Figure 8 shown).

[0138] The changes in the air handling process on the enthalpy-humidity diagram can be summarized as follows:

[0139] Step 4.1: Determine the number of indoor design personnel as n, and the minimum fresh air volume per person is 30m 3 / h·person Calculate the fresh air volume, and preliminarily determine the return air volume according to the total air supply volume G of fresh air plus return air max Supply air;

[0140] The ratio of fresh air volume to return air volume is adjusted by real-time monitoring of indoor and outdoor air parameters (such as CO concentration, temperature and humidity difference). This solution dynamically adjusts the mixing ratio of fresh air and return air according to indoor air quality requirements (such as CO concentration target) and energy-saving requirements.

[0141] When the indoor CO concentration increases, increase the proportion of fresh air volume to ensure air quality; when the outdoor temperature difference is large, reduce the fresh air volume to reduce energy consumption;

[0142] Step 4.2: Based on the fresh air volume and return air volume obtained in step 4.1, combined with formula (1) and formula (2), determine the opening degree K of the fresh air valve, exhaust valve and return air valve. xf , K pf and K hf ;

[0143]

[0144] Among them, K pf and K xf are the openings of exhaust valve and fresh air valve, %; G xf is the fresh air volume, m 3 / h; G max is the total air supply volume of the air conditioning unit, m 3 / h; K hf is the return air valve opening, %; G hf is the actual return air volume, m 3 / h.

[0145] The air conditioning unit adjusts key parameters such as air supply, humidity, and temperature in real time through the control system. The core of the control system is the adaptive control algorithm, which adjusts the working parameters of the air conditioning unit based on the input environmental data (such as temperature and humidity sensor data) and the PMV value calculation results. The specific operation logic is as follows:

[0146] Real-time monitoring and feedback: The temperature and humidity sensors in the air conditioning unit provide real-time feedback on the temperature and humidity data of the air in the room;

[0147] Data input and processing: Sensor data is input to the control system, which adjusts the temperature and humidity set points of the unit based on the calculated PMV value;

[0148] Output regulation: By executing control commands, the air conditioning unit adjusts the air volume and cold / hot air flow to ensure that the indoor environment remains within the set comfort range.

[0149] In addition, the system also supports users to customize the temperature range (such as the comfortable temperature range of 20°C to 25°C). When the temperature exceeds the range, the system automatically adjusts the unit parameters.

[0150] Step 4.3, the processing process of the air conditioning unit on the psychrometric diagram is: The mixed air is processed by the air conditioning unit and reaches point L; the rated supply and return water temperature difference of the air conditioning unit is constant, so under the design condition, the water valve opening is 100%;

[0151] Step 4.4, establish a model according to the above parameters, and calculate the PMV value within the range of personnel activities according to the simulation results; the specific calculation process of the PMV value is as follows:

[0152]

[0153] Where M represents the metabolic rate of the human body, W / m 2 , indicating the activity intensity of indoor personnel, the value range is 116~197.3W / m 2 ; W is the mechanical work produced by the human body, W / m 2 , usually zero; p a is the water vapor partial pressure of air, kPa; t a is the indoor air temperature, obtained by the indoor temperature sensor, ℃; f cl is the clothing coefficient, which is the ratio of clothing surface area to the total surface area of ​​the human body; cl is the outer surface temperature of the garment, ℃; t r is the average radiation temperature of the environment, here it is taken as the air temperature, ℃; h c is the air convection heat transfer coefficient, W / m 2 K; where f cl From formula (4), we can get:

[0154]

[0155] In the formula, I cl is the thermal resistance of clothing, m 2 K / W;

[0156] t cl From formula (5), we can get:

[0157]

[0158] Where: dT = t r -20;h c is the convective heat transfer coefficient, which is obtained by formula (6):

[0159]

[0160] Where v represents the wind speed, which is obtained by the indoor wind speed sensor, m / s.

[0161] Step 4.5: When the absolute value of PMV is less than 1, output K pf , K xf , K hf, and calculate the amount of water required by the air conditioning unit AHU:

[0162]

[0163] Where, Q is the comprehensive load, kW; c is the specific heat capacity of chilled water, which is 4.18 kJ / (kg·℃); t 1 is the AHU inlet temperature, °C; t 2 is the AHU outlet temperature, ℃.

[0164] Calculate the water valve opening K sf :

[0165]

[0166] Where, L is the amount of chilled water required by the current AHU, kg / h; L max is the rated chilled water capacity of AHU, kg / h.

[0167] When the absolute value of PMV is greater than or equal to 1, adjust it according to the following steps:

[0168] Step 5.1: Keep the system fresh air volume unchanged, reduce the system return air volume, and recalculate the opening K of the system fresh air valve, exhaust valve and return air valve according to step 4.2. xf ', K pf ' and K hf ';

[0169] Step 5.2, the processing process of the air conditioning unit on the enthalpy-humidity diagram is: At this time, the mixing point shifts from C to C', and the cooling capacity of the air-conditioning unit is:

[0170] Q'=G'(h C' -h L ) (9)

[0171] Step 5.3, calculate the water valve opening at this time according to formula (10);

[0172]

[0173] Among them, K' is the water valve opening, %; L' is the actual unit chilled water flow, kg / h; L max Design chilled water flow rate for the unit, kg / h.

[0174] Step 5.4, re-establish the model and calculate the indoor PMV value according to step 4.4. When the absolute value of PMV is less than 2, output the control parameter K pf ', K xf ', K hf ' and K sf', and calculate the system energy saving rate h according to step 4.5. Otherwise, repeat the above iterative process until the PMV value meets the requirements.

[0175] When the number of indoor people changes, adjust according to the following steps:

[0176] Step 6.1, when the number of indoor people is m (m < n), the decrease in the number of people will cause the indoor moisture load to decrease. To keep the indoor temperature at the summer design temperature unchanged, point N will shift to point N".

[0177] Step 6.2, re-determine the fresh air volume according to the number of indoor people m, and calculate the damper parameter K at this time according to step 4.2 pf ”, K xf ” and K hf ”;

[0178] Step 6.3, the processing process of the air conditioning unit on the psychrometric chart at this time is Calculate the water valve opening K with formula (10) sf ”, establish a model according to step 4.4, and calculate the PMV value. When the absolute value of PMV is less than 1, output the control parameters K pf ”, K xf ”, K hf ” and K sf ”, and calculate the system energy saving rate h according to step 4.5. Otherwise, repeat the iterative calculation process of step 5 until PMV meets the requirements.

[0179] Establish the determined system control parameters as a regulation parameter library for the air and water systems.

[0180] Example 1: A fully air-conditioned regulation method based on the change of the number of indoor people and meteorological parameters, specifically including as Figure 1 shown steps:

[0181] Step 1.1, obtain the meteorological parameters of the building location, including the local outdoor dry bulb temperature, outdoor relative humidity and solar radiation. Select typical outdoor meteorological parameters as the simulation basic data. In this case, the building is located in Qingdao, the outdoor air temperature is 34.35 °C, and the outdoor relative humidity is 54%;

[0182] Step 1.2, determine the building envelope parameters, indoor equipment power and designed number of people, as well as the basic parameters of the indoor air conditioning unit, including the rated cooling capacity, air supply volume and power, the size parameters of the indoor air supply, return air and exhaust ducts and air outlets, to ensure the accuracy of the model. The specific parameters are as follows:

[0183] In this case, the building size is 134.4m×61m×24m, the maximum number of people indoors is 4100, the indoor design temperature is 26℃, the total load of people is 42.91kW, and the heat transfer coefficient of the enclosure structure is 0.5W / m 2 ·K, lighting load is 350.75kW.

[0184] There are 8 indoor air conditioning units, each with a rated air volume of 40,000m 3 / h, rated cooling capacity is 275kW.

[0185] Indoor air outlets are divided into high-position outlets, middle-position outlets and lower air outlets. The high-position outlets are 11.2m high and 0.4m in diameter. The middle-position outlets are 8.2m high and 0.4m in diameter. The lower air outlets are 5.6m high and 0.36m in diameter. The air supply angles of the high-position outlets and middle-position outlets are 45°. The return air outlets are distributed on the walls on both sides of the hall, with a bottom elevation of 3.62m, a specification of 2m×1.2m, and a total of 8 outlets. The exhaust outlets are evenly distributed above the exhibition hall, with a total of 24 outlets and a diameter of 1.15m.

[0186] Step 1.3, based on the meteorological parameters of step 1.1 and the parameters of step 1.2, establish Figure 2 The application environment model of the air-conditioning unit under the design conditions shown in the figure is divided into the following grids: Figure 3 As shown;

[0187] Step 1.4, calculate the PMV value according to the simulation results. When the absolute value of PMV is less than 1, the control parameter K is output. xf , K pf , K hf , K sf and energy saving rate h;

[0188] Step 1.5, when the absolute value of PMV is greater than or equal to 1, change the air valve control parameters, re-establish the model, and perform iterative calculations until PMV meets the requirements;

[0189] Step 1.6, when the indoor occupants deviate from the design operating conditions, use the psychrometric diagram to determine the system adjustment parameters at this time, and repeat the above steps for iterative calculation until the PMV value meets the requirements.

[0190] Step 1.7, the indoor PMV control results of the air conditioning unit operation throughout the year are as follows Figure 7 shown.

Claims

1. A full air conditioning control method based on the number of people in a room and changes in meteorological parameters, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1.1, obtain the meteorological parameters of the area where the building is located, including the local outdoor dry-bulb temperature, outdoor relative humidity and solar radiation; Step 1.2, determine the building envelope parameters, indoor equipment power and number of personnel; Step 1.3, based on the meteorological parameters of step 1.1 and the parameters of step 1.2, calculate the air conditioning unit load Q total , where the air conditioning unit load includes sensible heat load and latent heat load; Step 1.4: Based on the number of people in the room obtained in step 1.2, the fresh air volume is 30m 3 / h·person determines the fresh air volume delivered to the room, and determines the return air volume delivered to the room according to the air conditioning unit load calculated in step 1.

3. The sum of the fresh air volume and the return air volume is the total air volume; Step 1.5, based on the building envelope parameters determined in step 1.2, establish a building space air conditioning airflow organization model, input quantities including meteorological parameters, indoor equipment power, and personnel into the model, send the total air volume determined in step 1.4 into the room at a fixed air supply temperature, perform airflow organization simulation, and obtain simulation results; Step 1.6, calculate the PMV value according to the simulation results. When the absolute value of PMV is less than 1, the opening of the fresh air valve and the return air valve corresponding to the fresh air volume and the return air volume are output; When the PMV value does not meet the requirements, the return air volume is adjusted, and the total supply air volume is re-entered into the model for iterative calculation until the PMV meets the requirements; Step 1.7, based on the total air volume determined in step 1.6, the amount of cooling water required by the air conditioning unit AHU is calculated, and the water valve opening is calculated; Step 1.8, when the number of people in the room changes, adjust the fresh air volume and repeat the above steps for iterative calculation until the PMV value meets the requirements; When meteorological parameters change, the fresh air volume remains unchanged, and the above steps are repeated for iterative calculation until the PMV value meets the requirements.

2. A full air conditioning control method based on the number of people in a room and changes in meteorological parameters as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1.3 also includes the following steps: Step 1.31 Preliminary measurement calibration: Input the meteorological parameters collected in step 1.1 and the building enclosure parameters, equipment power, and number of personnel N determined in step 1.2 to calculate the preliminary load result Q init , where Q init =Q total ; in: Q init : Preliminary load result, unit: W; Step 1.32 Secondary precision calibration: The preliminary load result Q init Perform precision calibration, combining environmental parameters such as light source intensity L and humidity RH out , output the calibrated load result Q calibrated； The calibration formula is: Q calibrated =Q init +k1×(LL target )+k2×(RH out -RH target ) Where: Q calibrated : Load result after calibration, unit: W; k1, k2: calibration coefficients, obtained by fitting the experimental data; L target : Light source intensity target value; RH target : Humidity target value; Step 1.33 Comprehensive evaluation: Based on the preliminary load results Q init And the calibrated load result Q calibrated , the comprehensive load Q is calculated through nonlinear combination, which is used to further optimize the operating parameters of the air-conditioning unit; The comprehensive evaluation formula is: Q = w1 × ln (1 + Q init )+w2×ln(1+Q calibrated ), where: Q: comprehensive load; w1, w2: dynamic weighting coefficients, dynamically adjusted according to the control target.

3. A full air conditioning control method based on the number of people in a room and changes in meteorological parameters as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The air conditioning airflow organization model of the building space includes an enclosure structure, an air supply duct, a return air outlet, an exhaust duct, indoor equipment power, and the number of people. Temperature sensors and humidity sensors are arranged inside and outside the enclosure structure. An indoor population counting sensor and a wind speed sensor are also arranged indoors to obtain the real-time number of people indoors and the wind speed at the indoor activity range of people.

4. A full air conditioning control method based on indoor number of people and meteorological parameter changes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fresh air volume is determined by the number of people indoors, and the return air volume is determined by the indoor PMV situation; the supply air temperature remains unchanged, and the indoor environment is regulated by the opening of the fresh air valve and the return air valve.

5. The full air conditioning control method based on the number of people in the room and the change of meteorological parameters as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The full air conditioning control method includes adjusting the fresh air volume, return air volume and cooling load of the air conditioning unit through the change of the enthalpy-humidity diagram to achieve a dynamic balance between indoor air quality and temperature and humidity. The change of the air treatment process on the enthalpy-humidity diagram includes the following process: Step 4.1: Determine the number of people in the room as n, and the minimum fresh air volume per person is 30m 3 / h·person Calculate the fresh air volume, and preliminarily determine the return air volume according to the total air supply volume G of fresh air plus return air max Supply air; Step 4.2, based on the fresh air volume and return air volume obtained in step 4.1, also includes combining formula (1) and formula (2) to determine the opening degree K of the fresh air valve, exhaust valve and return air valve xf , K pf and K hf , the formula (1) and formula (2) are as follows: Among them, K pf and K xf are the openings of exhaust valve and fresh air valve, %; G xf is the fresh air volume, m 3 / h; G max is the total air supply volume of the air conditioning unit, m 3 / h; K hf is the return air valve opening, %; G hf is the actual return air volume, m 3 / h; Step 4.3, the processing process of the air conditioning unit on the psychrometric diagram is: The mixed air is processed by the air conditioning unit and reaches point L; the rated supply and return water temperature difference of the air conditioning unit is constant, and under the design working condition, the water valve opening is 100%; Step 4.4, establish a model according to the above parameters, and calculate the PMV value within the range of personnel activities according to the simulation results; the specific calculation formula of the PMV value is as follows: Where M represents the metabolic rate of the human body, W / m 2 , indicating the activity intensity of indoor personnel, the value range is 116~197.3W / m 2 ; W is the mechanical work produced by the human body, W / m 2 ;p a is the water vapor partial pressure of air, kPa; t a is the indoor air temperature, obtained by the indoor temperature sensor, ℃; f cl is the clothing coefficient, which is the ratio of clothing surface area to the total surface area of ​​the human body; cl is the outer surface temperature of the garment, ℃; t r is the average radiation temperature of the environment, here it is taken as the air temperature, ℃; h c is the air convection heat transfer coefficient, W / m 2 K; where f cl From formula (4), we can get: In the formula, I cl is the thermal resistance of clothing, m 2 K / W; t cl From formula (5), we can get: Where: dT = t r -20;h c is the convective heat transfer coefficient, which is obtained by formula (6): Where v represents the wind speed, obtained by the indoor wind speed sensor, m / s; Step 4.5: When the absolute value of PMV is less than 1, output K pf , K xf , K hf , and calculate the amount of water required by the air conditioning unit AHU: Where, Q is the comprehensive load, kW; c is the specific heat capacity of chilled water, which is 4.18 kJ / (kg·℃); t1 is the AHU inlet temperature, ℃; t2 is the AHU outlet temperature, ℃; Calculate the water valve opening K sf : Where, L is the amount of chilled water required by the current AHU, kg / h; L max is the rated chilled water capacity of AHU, kg / h.

6. A full air conditioning control method based on the number of people in a room and changes in meteorological parameters as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the absolute value of PMV is greater than or equal to 1, adjust it according to the following steps: Step 5.1: Keep the system fresh air volume unchanged, reduce the system return air volume, and recalculate the opening K of the system fresh air valve, exhaust valve and return air valve according to step 4.

2. xf ', K pf ' and K hf '; Step 5.2, the processing process of the air conditioning unit on the enthalpy-humidity diagram is: At this time, the mixing point shifts from C to C', and the cooling capacity of the air-conditioning unit is: Q'=G'(h C' -h L ) (9) Step 5.3, calculate the water valve opening at this time according to formula (10); Among them, K' is the water valve opening, %; L' is the actual unit chilled water flow, kg / h; L max Design chilled water flow rate for the unit, kg / h; Step 5.4, re-establish the model and calculate the indoor PMV value according to step 4.

4. When the absolute value of PMV is less than 2, output the control parameter K pf ', K xf ', K hf ' and K sf ', and calculate the system energy saving rate h according to step 4.5; otherwise, repeat the above iterative process until the PMV value meets the requirements.

7. A full air conditioning control method based on indoor number of people and meteorological parameter changes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of people in the room changes, adjust according to the following steps: Step 6.1, when the number of people indoors is m (m < n), the reduction in the number of people will cause the indoor wet load to decrease; to keep the indoor temperature constant at the summer design temperature, point N will shift to point N". Step 6.2, re-determine the fresh air volume according to the number of people m in the room, and calculate the air valve parameter K at this time according to step 4.2 pf ”, K xf ” and K hf ”; Step 6.3, the processing process of the air conditioning unit on the enthalpy-humidity diagram is: Calculate the water valve opening K using formula (10) sf ", establish the model according to step 4.4 and calculate the PMV value; when the absolute value of PMV is less than 1, output the control parameter K pf ”, K xf ”, K hf ” and K sf ”, and calculate the system energy saving rate h according to step 4.5; otherwise, repeat the iterative calculation process of step 5 until the PMV meets the requirements.

8. The method for controlling a full air conditioning unit for space comfort requirements as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes establishing the determined system control parameters as a regulation parameter library for the air and water systems.

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