A flat-top tower crane with a quadrilateral cross-section frame

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of crane technology, specifically to a flat-top tower crane with a quadrilateral cross-section frame, including a pulley block with hooks distributed below it. A buffer device is installed at the lower end of the pulley block, and the buffer device is connected to the hooks. A clamping device is installed between the buffer device and the hooks. This invention is used for lifting goods with a crane. When lifting goods, this invention can buffer the wire rope and the hook, thereby preventing the lifting sling from being instantly taut and subjected to a large impact force from the hook, thus preventing the lifting sling from breaking. At the same time, this invention can also clamp the lifting sling and the hook together to prevent friction between them, thereby increasing the service life of the hook and the lifting sling. This invention can also smooth the lifting sling, thereby ensuring that the load is evenly distributed on the lifting sling when the hook lifts heavy objects, further increasing the service life of the lifting sling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crane technology, specifically to a flat-top tower crane with a quadrilateral cross-section frame. Background Technology

[0002] The main beam of the flat-top tower crane (hereinafter referred to as the crane) adopts a quadrilateral cross-section design, which provides better rigidity and stability. The hook is a key component of the crane used to suspend and lift heavy objects. The hook is usually connected to the crane's control system through a wire rope. When lifting goods, the existing crane hook is usually placed on the hook manually, and then the control system is activated to drive the hook directly to lift the goods through the wire rope.

[0003] The following problems exist with existing crane hooks when lifting goods: 1. Since the goods lifted by cranes are usually heavy and the lifting sling is initially in a slack state, when the hook lifts the goods, the lifting sling may become tense instantly, resulting in a large impact force from the hook and potentially causing it to break; 2. When the goods are lifted by the hook, they may sway due to external factors such as wind, causing relative movement between the lifting sling and the hook. Due to the weight of the goods, friction occurs between the lifting sling and the hook, reducing their service life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a flat-top tower crane with a quadrilateral cross-section frame, comprising a pulley block, hooks distributed below the pulley block, a buffer device installed at the lower end of the pulley block, and the buffer device connected to the hooks, with a clamping device installed between the buffer device and the hooks; the buffer device includes a top plate fixedly installed at the lower end of the pulley block, two symmetrically arranged fixing plates fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the top plate, a central shaft fixedly installed on the lower ends of the two fixing plates on opposite sides, an I-beam winding reel rotatably sleeved on the outside of the central shaft, and a torsion spring connecting the I-beam winding reel and the central shaft, and two symmetrically arranged... The locking unit is used to lock the I-beam reel. A cable is wound on the outside of the I-beam reel. The lower ends of the two cables are arranged at an angle towards each other and are connected to a buffer plate. The buffer plate is rotatably connected to the hook rotating shaft. The clamping device includes a synchronizing ring rotatably installed at the lower end of the buffer plate and located outside the hook rotating shaft. The inner wall of the synchronizing ring is fixedly connected to the hook rotating shaft by multiple circumferentially evenly arranged fixing rods. Two symmetrically arranged clamping units are installed on the synchronizing ring. An arc-shaped clamping plate is installed on the clamping unit. The clamping unit is used to drive the clamping plate to clamp the lifting sling onto the hook. An actuating unit is installed on the clamping unit. The actuating unit is used to drive the clamping plate to smooth the lifting sling.

[0005] Preferably, the locking unit includes a circular plate that is slidably sleeved on the outside of the central shaft, and the circular plate is located between the I-beam winding reel and the fixed plate. The circular plate is connected to the central shaft by a plurality of circumferentially evenly arranged return springs, and a plurality of circumferentially evenly arranged locking rods are fixedly installed on the side of the circular plate near the I-beam winding reel.

[0006] Preferably, the I-beam winding reel has multiple circumferentially evenly arranged locking holes at both its front and rear ends. The locking holes are used to engage with their corresponding locking rods to lock the I-beam winding reel.

[0007] Preferably, each of the two circular plates arranged on the left and right is fixedly installed with a mating rod on its opposite side. A vertical plate is slidably installed on the upper end of the buffer plate corresponding to the position of the mating rod. Both vertical plates arranged in the front and rear are jointly installed with a synchronous screw through a threaded connection, and the synchronous screw and the buffer plate are rotatably connected. Each of the two vertical plates arranged in the front and rear is fixedly installed with a mating block on its opposite upper end. The lower end of the mating block on the side away from the vertical plate is set as an inclined surface for mating with the mating rod.

[0008] Preferably, the upper end of the hook rotating shaft rotatably passes through the buffer plate and is fixedly installed with a mating plate, and the lower end of the mating plate, located outside the hook rotating shaft, has multiple circumferentially evenly arranged slots.

[0009] Preferably, a mating ring is distributed below the mating plate and outside the rotating shaft of the hook. The upper end of the mating ring is fixedly connected to the top plate through multiple circumferentially evenly arranged connecting shafts. Multiple circumferentially evenly arranged insert plates are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mating ring. The insert plates are used to engage with the slot to lock the mating plate.

[0010] Preferably, the clamping unit includes a connecting plate fixedly installed on the outside of the synchronization ring. An L-shaped rod is slidably installed on the lower end of the connecting plate through a top extension spring. The L-shaped rod is slidably connected to the connecting plate along the length direction of the connecting plate. The horizontal section of the L-shaped rod near the hook is set as an elastic telescopic structure and is slidably connected to its corresponding clamping plate.

[0011] Preferably, square plates are fixedly installed on the upper ends of the opposite sides of the two L-shaped rods, and a connecting ring is rotatably installed on the lower end of the top plate. Vertical plates are fixedly installed on the lower ends of the connecting rings corresponding to the positions of the L-shaped rods, and the vertical plates and the connecting plates are slidably connected up and down. Extrusion blocks are fixedly installed on the lower ends of the opposite sides of the two vertical plates, and the upper ends of the two extrusion blocks are set as inclined surfaces for driving the two square plates to move closer to each other.

[0012] Preferably, the actuating unit includes an actuating plate fixedly installed on the upper end of the clamping plate on the side away from the hook. The actuating plate has a mating hole, and the side of the mating hole away from the clamping plate is set with a wave-shaped structure, while the side of the mating hole close to the clamping plate is set with a square structure.

[0013] Preferably, the actuating unit further includes a slide rod fixedly installed on the upper side of the fixed end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped rod, and the slide rod is slidably installed in the mating hole.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention buffers the wire rope and the hook by setting a buffer device. When the hook lifts the goods, the lifting belt can be slowly tightened under the action of the buffer device, thereby preventing the lifting belt from being subjected to a large impact force from the hook due to instantaneous tightening, and preventing the lifting belt from breaking.

[0015] 2. This invention uses a pressing block and a square plate to move a clamping plate closer to the hook via an L-shaped rod. This clamping plate can clamp the lifting sling and the hook together, so that when the goods are affected by external factors such as wind and sway, there will be no relative movement between the lifting sling and the hook, thus preventing friction between the lifting sling and the hook and increasing the service life of the hook and the lifting sling.

[0016] 3. This invention uses a mating hole and a sliding rod to drive a clamping plate to move back and forth through a square plate. This allows the clamping plate to smooth the lifting sling, thereby ensuring that the load is evenly distributed on the lifting sling when the hook lifts a heavy object. This prevents local overload of the lifting sling from causing accelerated wear and further increases the service life of the lifting sling.

[0017] 4. The present invention locks the position of the hook by setting a plate and a slot, so that the hook will not rotate when the hook lifts the goods, thus increasing the stability of the hook when lifting the goods. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the clamping device after removing part of the buffer device according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mating plate and mating ring of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the buffer device structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the buffer device after removing part of the buffer plate according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the buffer plate, vertical plate, squeezing block and clamping device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the L-shaped rod, the actuating unit, and the clamping plate of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. Pulley block; 2. Buffer device; 21. Top plate; 211. Matching ring; 212. Connecting shaft; 213. Insert plate; 214. Connecting ring; 215. Vertical plate; 216. Extrusion block; 22. Fixing plate; 23. Central shaft; 24. I-beam winding reel; 241. Locking hole; 25. Locking unit; 251. Circular plate; 252. Return spring; 253. Locking rod; 254. Matching rod; 26. Cable; 2 7. Buffer plate; 271. Vertical plate; 272. Synchronizing screw; 273. Mating block; 3. Hook; 31. Mating plate; 32. Slot; 4. Clamping device; 41. Synchronizing ring; 42. Fixing rod; 43. Pressing unit; 431. Connecting plate; 432. Top extension spring; 433. L-shaped rod; 434. Square plate; 44. Clamping plate; 45. Actuating unit; 451. Actuating plate; 452. Mating hole; 453. Slide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Where no specific technology or conditions are specified in the embodiments, they shall be performed in accordance with the technology or conditions described in the literature in the field or in accordance with the product manual.

[0028] See Figure 1 A flat-top tower crane with a quadrilateral cross-section frame includes a pulley block 1, with hooks 3 distributed below the pulley block 1. A buffer device 2 is installed at the lower end of the pulley block 1, and the buffer device 2 is connected to the hooks 3. A clamping device 4 is installed between the buffer device 2 and the hooks 3. The pulley block 1 is connected to an external wire rope, and an anti-disengagement buckle (not shown in the figure) is installed on the hooks 3.

[0029] This invention is used for lifting goods with a crane. When lifting goods, this invention can buffer the wire rope and the hook 3, thereby preventing the lifting sling from being suddenly tightened and subjected to a large impact force from the hook 3, thus preventing the lifting sling from breaking. At the same time, this invention can also clamp the lifting sling and the hook 3 together to prevent friction between the lifting sling and the hook 3, thereby increasing the service life of the hook 3 and the lifting sling.

[0030] Specifically, first, the lifting sling of the goods is placed on the hook 3. Then, the crane is started to lift the pulley block 1 through the wire rope. The pulley block 1, through the buffer device 2, applies a force to the hook 3 to lift the lifting sling and the goods upward. At the same time, the buffer device 2 buffers the wire rope and the hook 3, allowing the lifting sling to gradually tighten. When the lifting sling is tightened, the pulley block 1 can lift the lifting sling and the goods through the buffer device 2 and the hook 3. Meanwhile, the clamping device 4 can clamp the lifting sling and the hook 3 together. Therefore, when the goods are affected by external factors such as wind and sway, there will be no relative movement between the lifting sling and the hook 3, thus preventing friction between the lifting sling and the hook 3. When it is necessary to remove the goods from the hook 3, the clamping device 4 is controlled to no longer clamp the lifting sling and the hook 3 together, thus allowing the goods to be removed from the hook 3.

[0031] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The buffer device 2 includes a top plate 21 fixedly installed at the lower end of the pulley block 1. Two fixed plates 22 are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the top plate 21, arranged symmetrically. A central shaft 23 is fixedly installed on the lower ends of the two fixed plates 22 on opposite sides. An I-beam winding reel 24 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the central shaft 23. A torsion spring is connected between the I-beam winding reel 24 and the central shaft 23. Two locking units 25 are installed on the outside of the central shaft 23, arranged symmetrically. The locking units 25 are used to lock the I-beam winding reel 24. A cable 26 is wound on the outside of the I-beam winding reel 24. The lower ends of the two cables 26 are inclined towards each other and are connected to a buffer plate 27. The buffer plate 27 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft of the hook 3.

[0032] The buffer device 2 is used to buffer the wire rope and the hook 3. Specifically, when the wire rope lifts the pulley block 1 upward, the pulley block 1 drives the I-beam winding reel 24 upward through the top plate 21. The I-beam winding reel 24 drives the buffer plate 27 upward through the cable 26. The buffer plate 27 drives the lifting sling upward through the hook 3. When the lifting sling is taut under the weight of the cargo, the lifting sling can pull the cable 26 downward through the hook 3 and the buffer plate 27, so that the I-beam winding reel 24 unwinds the cable 26. At the same time, the I-beam winding reel 24 keeps the cable 26 taut under the action of the torsion spring, so that the lifting sling can be taut slowly, thereby preventing the lifting sling from being subjected to a large impact force from the hook 3 due to instantaneous tautness, and preventing the lifting sling from breaking.

[0033] When the I-beam reel 24 unwinds the cable 26 to a certain length, the locking unit 25 can lock the I-beam reel 24, causing the I-beam reel 24 to move the buffer plate 27 upward via the cable 26. The buffer plate 27 then lifts the lifting belt and the cargo via the hook 3. When the cargo needs to be removed, the crane is controlled to move downward via the wire rope and pulley block 1 until the lifting belt is slack. The locking unit 25 is then controlled to stop locking the I-beam reel 24, allowing the I-beam reel 24 to return to its initial position via the cable 26 under the action of the torsion spring.

[0034] See Figure 2 and Figure 4 The locking unit 25 includes a circular plate 251 that is slidably sleeved on the outside of the central shaft 23. The circular plate 251 is located between the I-beam winding reel 24 and the fixed plate 22. The circular plate 251 is connected to the central shaft 23 through a plurality of circumferentially evenly arranged return springs 252. A plurality of circumferentially evenly arranged locking rods 253 are fixedly installed on the side of the circular plate 251 near the I-beam winding reel 24. A plurality of circumferentially evenly arranged locking holes 241 are provided at both the front and rear ends of the I-beam winding reel 24. The locking holes 241 are used to cooperate with their corresponding locking rods 253 to lock the I-beam winding reel 24.

[0035] See Figure 2 and Figure 5 Two circular plates 251 arranged on the left and right are fixedly installed with mating rods 254 on opposite sides. A vertical plate 271 is slidably installed on the upper end of the buffer plate 27 corresponding to the position of the mating rods 254. Both vertical plates 271 arranged in front and behind are jointly installed with a synchronous screw 272 by means of thread engagement, and the synchronous screw 272 and the buffer plate 27 are rotatably connected. Both vertical plates 271 arranged in front and behind are fixedly installed with mating blocks 273 on the upper ends of opposite sides. The lower end of the mating block 273 on the side away from the vertical plate 271 is set as an inclined surface for engaging with the mating rods 254.

[0036] Locking unit 25 is used to lock the I-beam take-up reel 24; specifically, when the I-beam take-up reel 24 unwinds a certain length of cable 26, the buffer plate 27 drives the vertical plate 271 and the mating block 273 to move downward relative to the top plate 21 by a certain distance. When the mating block 273 moves to the corresponding position of the mating rod 254, the mating rod 254, under the action of the inclined surface of the mating block 273, drives the circular plate 251 to move closer to the I-beam take-up reel 24 and compresses the return spring 252, thereby causing the circular plate 251 to move closer to the I-beam take-up reel 24. The locking rod 253 is inserted into the corresponding locking hole 241 to lock the position of the I-beam winding reel 24. When it is necessary to release the lock on the I-beam winding reel 24, the control synchronous screw 272 drives the two mating blocks 273 arranged in front and behind to move away from each other through the vertical plate 271. This causes the circular plate 251 to return to its initial position under the action of the return spring 252, and the circular plate 251 drives the locking rod 253 to move out of the locking hole 241, thereby releasing the lock on the I-beam winding reel 24.

[0037] See Figure 1 and Figure 6 The clamping device 4 includes a synchronizing ring 41 rotatably mounted on the lower end of the buffer plate 27 and located outside the rotating shaft of the hook 3. The inner wall of the synchronizing ring 41 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the hook 3 by a plurality of circumferentially evenly arranged fixing rods 42. Two symmetrically arranged clamping units 43 are installed on the synchronizing ring 41. An arc-shaped clamping plate 44 is installed on the clamping unit 43. The clamping unit 43 is used to drive the clamping plate 44 to clamp the lifting sling onto the hook 3. A toggle unit 45 is installed on the clamping unit 43. The toggle unit 45 is used to drive the clamping plate 44 to smooth the lifting sling.

[0038] The clamping device 4 is used to clamp the lifting sling and the hook 3 together. Specifically, when the hook 3 rotates, the hook 3 drives the synchronous ring 41 to rotate synchronously through the fixed rod 42, so that the synchronous ring 41 drives the clamping plate 44 to rotate synchronously through the clamping unit 43. When the lifting sling is slowly tightened, the clamping unit 43 can synchronously drive the clamping plate 44 to clamp the lifting sling onto the hook 3. Thus, when the cargo is affected by external factors such as wind and sway, there will be no relative movement between the lifting sling and the hook 3, thereby preventing friction between the lifting sling and the hook 3. At the same time, the actuating unit 45 can drive the clamping plate 44 to smooth the lifting sling, thereby ensuring that the load can be evenly distributed on the lifting sling when the heavy object is lifted, preventing local overload of the lifting sling from causing accelerated wear of the lifting sling, and further increasing the service life of the lifting sling.

[0039] See Figure 6The clamping unit 43 includes a connecting plate 431 fixedly installed on the outside of the synchronous ring 41. An L-shaped rod 433 is slidably installed on the lower end of the connecting plate 431 through a top extension spring 432. The L-shaped rod 433 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 431 along the length direction of the connecting plate 431. The horizontal section of the L-shaped rod 433 near the hook 3 is set as an elastic telescopic structure and is slidably connected to its corresponding clamping plate 44.

[0040] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 Two L-shaped rods 433 are fixedly mounted on the upper ends of opposite sides of each other with square plates 434. A connecting ring 214 is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the top plate 21. Vertical plates 215 are fixedly mounted on the lower ends of the connecting rings 214 at the positions corresponding to the L-shaped rods 433. The vertical plates 215 and the connecting plates 431 are slidably connected vertically. An extrusion block 216 is fixedly mounted on the lower ends of opposite sides of the two vertical plates 215. The upper ends of the two extrusion blocks 216 are set as inclined surfaces to drive the two square plates 434 to move closer to each other.

[0041] The clamping unit 43 is used to drive the clamping plate 44 to clamp the lifting sling onto the hook 3. Specifically, when the synchronizing ring 41 rotates, the synchronizing ring 41 drives the connecting ring 214 to rotate synchronously through the connecting plate 431. When the buffer plate 27 moves downward relative to the top plate 21 by a certain distance, the buffer plate 27 drives the connecting plate 431 to move downward synchronously through the synchronizing ring 41. When the connecting plate 431 drives the L-shaped rod 433 and the square plate 434 to the corresponding position of the pressing block 216, the square plate 434 is in the pressing block 216. 6. Under the action of the inclined plane, the L-shaped rod 433 is moved towards the hook 3, which in turn causes the clamping plate 44 to move towards the hook 3. The elastic extension end of the L-shaped rod 433 can be compressed to the limit position, which causes the clamping plate 44 to clamp the lifting sling onto the hook 3. When the goods are affected by external factors such as wind and sway, there will be no relative movement between the lifting sling and the hook 3, thereby preventing friction between the lifting sling and the hook 3 and increasing the service life of the hook 3 and the lifting sling.

[0042] When the buffer plate 27 returns to its initial position, the buffer plate 27 eventually drives the squeezing block 216 and the square plate 434 to separate through the synchronous ring 41. This causes the L-shaped rod 433 to drive the clamping plate 44 to stop clamping the lifting sling on the hook 3 under the action of the top extension spring 432, thus enabling the lifting sling to be removed from the hook 3.

[0043] See Figure 6 and Figure 7The actuating unit 45 includes an actuating plate 451 fixedly installed on the upper end of the clamping plate 44 away from the hook 3. The actuating plate 451 has a mating hole 452. The mating hole 452 is set with a wave structure on the side away from the clamping plate 44 and a square structure on the side of the mating hole 452 close to the clamping plate 44. The actuating unit 45 also includes a sliding rod 453 fixedly installed on the upper side of the fixed end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped rod 433. The sliding rod 453 is slidably installed in the mating hole 452.

[0044] The actuating unit 45 is used to drive the clamping plate 44 to smooth the lifting sling. Specifically, when the elastic telescopic end of the L-shaped rod 433 is compressed, the hook 3 drives the actuating plate 451 to move relative to the fixed end of the L-shaped rod 433 towards the fixed end of the L-shaped rod 433. This allows the wave-shaped structure of the mating hole 452 to cooperate with the slide rod 453 to drive the actuating plate 451 to move back and forth. The actuating plate 451 then drives the clamping plate 44 to move back and forth, thereby smoothing the lifting sling. When the elastic telescopic end of the L-shaped rod 433 can be compressed to its limit position, the slide rod 453 moves to the corresponding position of the square structure of the mating hole 452, thereby stopping the clamping plate 44 from moving back and forth.

[0045] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 The upper end of the rotating shaft of the hook 3 rotates through the buffer plate 27 and is fixedly installed with a mating plate 31. The lower end of the mating plate 31 and located outside the rotating shaft of the hook 3 has multiple circumferentially evenly arranged slots 32. Below the mating plate 31 and located outside the rotating shaft of the hook 3, there are mating rings 211. The upper end of the mating ring 211 is fixedly connected to the top plate 21 through multiple circumferentially evenly arranged connecting shafts 212. Multiple circumferentially evenly arranged insert plates 213 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mating ring 211. The insert plates 213 are used to engage with the slots 32 to lock the mating plate 31.

[0046] When the buffer plate 27 moves downward relative to the top plate 21 by a certain distance, the buffer plate 27 drives the hook 3 to move downward by a certain distance, causing the hook 3 to drive the mating plate 31 to move downward. When the hook 3 drives the mating plate 31 to the corresponding position of the mating ring 211, the insert plate 213 can be inserted into the corresponding slot 32 to lock the position of the mating plate 31, thereby locking the position of the hook 3, preventing the hook 3 from rotating and increasing the stability of the hook 3 when lifting goods.

[0047] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A topless tower crane of the quadrangular-section frame type, comprising a pulley block (1) under which a hook (3) is distributed, characterized in that, The buffer device (2) is connected with the hook (3), and the buffer device (2) and the hook (3) are jointly provided with the clamping device (4); The buffer device (2) comprises a top plate (21) fixedly installed at the lower end of the pulley block (1), two front and rear symmetrical fixed plates (22) fixedly installed at the left and right sides of the lower end of the top plate (21), a center shaft (23) fixedly installed at the lower end of the opposite sides of the two fixed plates (22), a I-shaped winding disc (24) rotatably sleeved outside the center shaft (23), a torsional spring connected between the I-shaped winding disc (24) and the center shaft (23), two front and rear symmetrical locking units (25) installed outside the center shaft (23), the locking unit (25) used for locking the I-shaped winding disc (24), the I-shaped winding disc (24) outside the winding of the cable (26), two cables (26) inclinedly arranged towards each other at the lower end and jointly connected with a buffer plate (27), and the buffer plate (27) and the hook (3) rotatably connected with the rotating shaft. The clamping device (4) comprises a synchronous ring (41) rotatably installed at the lower end of the buffer plate (27) and located outside the rotating shaft of the hook (3), the synchronous ring (41) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the hook (3) through a plurality of circumferentially uniformly arranged fixed rods (42), two symmetrically arranged abutting units (43) are installed on the synchronous ring (41), an arc-shaped clamping plate (44) is installed on the abutting unit (43), the abutting unit (43) is used to drive the clamping plate (44) to clamp the hoisting belt on the hook (3), a pushing unit (45) is installed on the abutting unit (43), and the pushing unit (45) is used to drive the clamping plate (44) to flatten the hoisting belt. The abutting unit (43) comprises a connecting plate (431) fixedly installed outside the synchronous ring (41), an L-shaped rod (433) slidably installed at the lower end of the connecting plate (431) through a top extension spring (432), and the L-shaped rod (433) is slidably connected along the length direction of the connecting plate (431) and the connecting plate (431), and one end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped rod (433) close to the hook (3) is provided in an elastic telescopic structure and is slidably connected with the corresponding clamping plate (44); Two L-shaped rods (433) are fixedly installed at the upper ends of the opposite sides of the connecting plate (431), the top plate (21) is rotatably installed with a connecting ring (214) at the lower end, vertical plates (215) are fixedly installed at the positions corresponding to the L-shaped rods (433) at the lower end of the connecting ring (214), the vertical plates (215) and the connecting plates (431) are slidably connected, extrusion blocks (216) are fixedly installed at the lower ends of the opposite sides of the two vertical plates (215), and the opposite sides of the upper ends of the two extrusion blocks (216) are provided as inclined surfaces for driving the two square plates (434) to move towards each other.

2. A topless tower crane with a quadrilateral cross-section mast according to claim 1, characterized in that The locking unit (25) comprises a circular plate (251) which is sleeved on the outside of the central shaft (23) and slides forward and backward, and is located between the I-shaped winding disc (24) and the fixed plate (22), and the circular plate (251) is connected with the central shaft (23) through a plurality of reset springs (252) which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of locking rods (253) which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction are fixedly installed on the side of the circular plate (251) close to the I-shaped winding disc (24).

3. A topless tower crane with a quadrilateral cross-section mast according to claim 2, characterized in that A plurality of locking holes (241) which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction are formed in the front and rear ends of the I-shaped winding disc (24), and the locking holes (241) are used for cooperating with the corresponding locking rods (253) to lock the I-shaped winding disc (24).

4. A topless tower crane with a quadrilateral cross-section mast according to claim 2, characterized in that The opposite sides of the two circular plates (251) arranged left and right are fixedly installed with cooperating rods (254), the upper end of the buffer plate (27) is slidingly installed with vertical plates (271) corresponding to the positions of the cooperating rods (254), the two vertical plates (271) arranged front and rear are jointly installed with a synchronous screw rod (272) through a threaded cooperation mode, the synchronous screw rod (272) is rotationally connected with the buffer plate (27), and the upper ends of the opposite sides of the two vertical plates (271) arranged front and rear are fixedly installed with cooperating blocks (273), and the side, away from the vertical plate (271), of the cooperating block (273) is provided as an inclined surface used for cooperating with the cooperating rod (254).

5. A topless tower crane with a quadrilateral cross-section frame according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper end of the rotating shaft of the hook (3) is rotatably penetrated through the buffer plate (27) and fixedly installed with a cooperating plate (31), and a plurality of insertion grooves (32) which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction are formed in the lower end of the cooperating plate (31) and located on the outside of the rotating shaft of the hook (3).

6. A topless tower crane with a quadrilateral cross-section mast according to claim 5, characterized in that The lower side of the cooperating plate (31) and the outside of the rotating shaft of the hook (3) are distributed with cooperating rings (211), the upper end of the cooperating ring (211) is fixedly connected with the top plate (21) through a plurality of connecting shafts (212) which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, a plurality of insertion plates (213) which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cooperating ring (211), and the insertion plates (213) are used for cooperating with the insertion grooves (32) to lock the cooperating plate (31).

7. A topless tower crane with a quadrilateral cross-section mast according to claim 1, characterized in that The actuating unit (45) comprises an actuating plate (451) which is fixedly installed on the upper end of the clamping plate (44) away from the hook (3), a cooperating hole (452) is formed in the actuating plate (451), the side, away from the clamping plate (44), of the cooperating hole (452) is provided as a wave structure, and the side, close to the clamping plate (44), of the cooperating hole (452) is provided as a square structure.

8. A topless tower crane with a quadrilateral cross-section mast according to claim 7, characterized in that The actuating unit (45) further comprises a sliding rod (453) which is fixedly installed on the upper side of the fixed end of the horizontal segment of the L-shaped rod (433) and slidingly installed in the cooperating hole (452).

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